skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
>I'm using an iPhone 6s because I can't be bothered to spend $1000 for the new models.

The iPhone SE starts at $429. The performance, battery life, screen quality, camera quality, and network speed improvements are extremely noticeable between the two models.

It is indeed most environmentally friendly to use hardware as long as absolutely possible, but you ain't on 6s because of $1,000 phones....
I thought it was clear the poster was talking about their daily life, and not commenting on world statistics.
Abstract:

Nowadays, many social media platforms are centered around content creators (CC). On these platforms, the tie formation process depends on two factors: (a) the exposure of users to CCs (decided by, e.g., a recommender system), and (b) the following decision-making process of users.

Recent research studies underlined the importance of content quality by showing that under exploratory recommendation strategies, the network eventually converges to a state where the higher the quality of the CC, the higher their expected number of followers.

In this paper, we extend prior work by (a) looking beyond averages to assess the fairness of the process and (b) investigating the importance of exploratory recommendations for achieving fair outcomes. Using an analytical approach, we show that non-exploratory recommendations converge fast but usually lead to unfair outcomes. Moreover, even with exploration, we are only guaranteed fair outcomes for the highest (and lowest) quality CCs.
The carbon footprint of computational science
This isn’t the advice you’re looking for, but after decades of being lectured about how I didn’t understand where half of my family was “coming from” in their continuously toxic, belittling criticisms of me, my spouse, our family, where we live, what we do, why we don’t live in “Real America”, etc. I gave up. No matter what I did to accommodate these people it was never enough, it would never be enough.

It was abuse without being physically abusive.

So I cut them out and off entirely. It absolutely sucks. I know many have health and financial problems that I could probably help them through. But not at the cost of my own mental health and well being. It took time to accept it and feel better.
Ask HN: What market opportunities can you share for new startups?
There have been 50,000+ layoffs, many of which are tech workers. What market opportunities have you learned about in your daily life or work, that you can share with those who have some time to build new things?

What problems do you have in your own life that you would pay $20/mo to solve?

What challenges stand in the way of you living the life you want to live, that you would be happy for someone to build a company that helps you overcome?

Also, if you're someone hoping to work on a startup but not sure what to build, or have an idea what to build but not sure how to begin, it would be interesting to start a conversation about that below.
> "Protecting" records by making IDs hard-to-guess just seems like putting the responsibility in the wrong place.

It's a pretty powerful implementation of capability based security.
And good luck getting off that list if you're on a hosted VPS... they're about impossible... I can get through to hotmail and o365, but not the outlook.com block. (shrug)

I'm relaying through SendGrid as I just don't have that many emails coming from/through my server that it's worth the lowest paid level (there is a free tier) to have to worry about it...

I've been considering setting up a higher end server (compared to the $20/mo vps I'd been using) at a data center and seeing what I can manage as a direct mail host without the relay. But 10x-ing my costs just doesn't feel right for something that will take more time and not generate revenue that I'm not that passionate about.

For those curious, been looking at WildDuck mail which seems like an interesting structure and the features are cool, just not sure I want to go through it all. I've been using Mailu via docker-compose on DigitalOcean for a couple years for all my lesser used domains/addresses, relaying through SendGrid. It works but kind of annoying going through setting up each domain added through the relay.
Don't pay tips. The employer should pay normal wages.
700 million sounds better, thanks.
App transforms breathing into real-time generative graphics
I was in IT out of high school for 8 years, then gave it up to travel for 4 years. Moving to Vancouver at 30 I started from the bottom with aspirations of getting into software development. 6 years later and 3 foots in doors later, I got an offer at Microsoft to start as the level right below Senior. I've been there for over a year now. It's always possible to start over, but it helps to start doing something you love.
At least in the case of the scene from the show, it's likely just for the sake of having people to spend this "dead" time with rather than being alone. Possibly also the latter as well, though.
How do machine learning models convert inputs into vectors?
When I first started using Postgres, I sat and thought forever about which PKs to use, and looking back, I was way overthinking it. Combination of unique fields, UUIDs, hashed data... Now I always use bigserial without thinking about it. When my DBA hat is on, it's none of my concern how the user-facing IDs will look; I just know it's gonna be a string of some kind.

What's the common use case for the others? I can imagine for weird performance reasons you might want to pick special PKs, but that implies you're exposing them to clients, which you almost never want. The only more reasonable thing I can think of is a UUIDv4 for a special sharded database.
It is if you don't expose a 'list' api, only a 'get'.
Staples and others will also print and bind PDFs you bring in. I've done this with purchased books, sometimes they get a bit picky but usually they'll just do it.
Sure, but I'd rather reserve that for a pattern-matching switch statement.
Who are these investors that he’s fighting?
I often wonder why Larry and Sergey aren't more active. They seemed to have a pretty good vision.
That's cause people today don't just say hey look what I built. Everyone acts as if they are doing something world changing. And it's bullshit, and the backlash is natural and well deserved.
If it's not stealing when the owners of this here website pay $1.50/hr to train their AIs, it's not stealing for you to get a videogame ultimately owned by Tencent for $1.

But you should probably be furious about the former before hand-wringing either way about the latter.
That's true, but in some of those (like the US) attempts to prosecute this haven't held up in the courts.
> Repeatedly, I pour my heart and soul into a project that I believe in, only for ownership to trash the project for superficial reasons.

This has happened to me over and over and I've seen it happen to others. It's not always obvious but sometimes business changes. Markets change, customer demands change, regulations change, competitors change. Strategies that made sense suddenly don't anymore. All the work that has been done is a sunk cost. You can't get it back, and if nobody wants the product anymore or it's not going to provide value, you just cut it off.

It sucks, but think about it, if you've been with the company 10 years and presumably they have been in business longer than that, they can't be complete idiots. Most small tech companies don't make it 10 years, or even close. Maybe the owners are assholes, but they are doing something right.

One thing that has helped is that I don't put my "heart and soul" into work projects anymore. I come in, work on the project in a professional, high-quality fashion, and go home at the end of the day. I get paid, and we're even. I've tried to make my relationship with work emotionless. It's a job. If you treat it like something deeply personal it's much more likely that you're going to end up angry or offended or taking business decisions by the owners as personal attacks.
Show HN: Rewrite a sentence or paragraph in Gen Z slang with the help of AI
Assuming you're referring to the largest model - BLOOM is huge, this is not, so presumably much worse
I think thats basically an indictment of the system. They are so unreliable that even the practitioners dont believe what it says as a scientific tool.

I hadn't heard of the Ames poly history but I just looked it up and its interesting because apparently he had the same mindset that I do about polys in general [1], and basically when the poly tech said during the interview that they were getting some weird results, he essentially told them the same thing [2] and they were like "yeah youre right" lol.

[1] - https://sgp.fas.org/othergov/polygraph/ames.html
[2] - https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/opinions/2002/04/16/failure-of-the-polygraph/07c406a5-0aa3-4e20-8dcc-89781162aaa8/
Maya Civilization Found in the Jungle
There has definitely been some more getting through the filters the past few weeks for me. Maybe January is a special month for spam or something.
But it is a bug in your Makefile to assume a particular version of a tool (or path to a tool, etc) without first checking (or otherwise forcing the correct thing to be used).

For forcing the existence of tools, you can start your Makefile by setting up $PATH with the dependencies your script has (everything not guaranteed by POSIX, for example). E.g. with Nix

`export PATH := $(shell nix-shell -p DEPENDENCY1 DEPENDENCY2 --run 'echo $$PATH')`

Will cause `make` to include DEPENDENCY1 and DEPENDENCY2 from the Nix store in $PATH for the rest of the Makefile. You can get more complex and pin particular versions where it matters.

Other cross-platform package management tools presumably have similar tricks that can be used, or you can bundle binaries for the tools you need. Then your build instructions only need to tell the user to have Make and the package management tool installed, and everything else can be set up in the Makefile.

Of course this is a PITA.
> Uh yes. That's how you motivate your government to act.

That's how you get your government to change laws. They're supposed to be enforcing the existing laws as a matter of course. No one should have to launch a political campaign to receive the protections afforded to them under the existing laws.

> Then you should read the battery statute.

Believe me, I have. It's good for a laugh when I'm having a bad day. Preschools treat toddlers more like adults than that battery statute does. Even the toddlers are expected to be able to work out their issues without involving the state.

> Kids play in dirt all the time. If I throw dirt in your face, that's assault.

Then I suppose we should have a lot more children in jail, shouldn't we? If that's the line you want to take then go ahead, but the logical outcome is absurd.

> None of that matters. You're given a criminal record by the Superior Court of California, not by Immanuel Kant.

Sure, and a bunch of countries give people criminal records for being gay. Doesn't make it right, or not stupid. California is welcome to enforce those laws, and the rest of us are welcome to laugh at California for being such a nanny state they can't even tolerate the use of a garden hose in anger. Won't somebody think of the plants!
Tesla does have a Betriebsrat if I recall correctly.

It was formed very early meaning before most of the Frontline employees were hired .

There was criticism at the time that it was filled with people loyal to management rather than workers
-Is there any hope for someone like me?

Yes. Lots. Best job market ever (well, maybe slightly worse than last year, but still virtually best ever).

-Is there any reasonable path to starting over?

Find what you love, learn it, and start do.

Degree requirements are out the window for many jobs.
Companies can't find enough people.

-Where do I even begin?

It's hard to start if you don't know what the end is. Figure out what you want to be when you grow up (I'm 50 and still haven't grown up).

-Will tech co’s ever consider hiring someone like me?

Yes. Some of the best people we have hired at my company changed careers in their late 20s and 30s.
On the Vulnerability of Backdoor Defenses for Federated Learning
You mean the Department of Transportation that administers Fastrak (and also the CHP), the individual toll agencies, or the contractors that do various aspects of administration like billing and customer service?

At least some of them do have a positive interest in traffic enforcement beyond tolls.
The thing I dislike about it most is the constantly-rebound % variable. It means something different in each line. In this case they have elected to keep it as a string throughout the pipe, but this ‘more pipey’ version of the code has it start out as an array then turn into a string halfway through the pipe, which feels dangerous (and is presumably why they didn’t take the example this far):

Object.keys(envars)
|> %.map(envar => `${envar}=${envars[envar]}`)
|> %.join(' ')
|> `$ ${%}`
|> chalk.dim(%, 'node', args.join(' '))
|> console.log(%);
Is that the best way to evaluate it? It looks like they also offered about $3-4 dividend each year. The stock is down $5 over the last 5 years, but has also produced almost $15 worth of dividends[0].

For comparison, Ford might be up by about 25% (+$2-3) last 5 years, but it has only yielded a dividend of around $3.

[0] https://group.mercedes-benz.com/investors/share/dividend/
Can't hosted servers just not support the DLC then?
The actual root of the problem is the employee's own thinking. They don't have the self respect to exit a bad situation. They are paralyzed by low self esteem, fear of the unknown, and seem to be content being in a bad situation. The reasons are readily unclear to the person experiencing this and so they continue to go through this. A therapist will simply ask pointed questions like "how do you feel about [topic]?" And "why do you think think you deserve [topic]?" The point is to get you to take action by making you gain perspective and depth of self emotional understanding. Sometimes firing someone is the best thing you can do for someone. Op is so used to authority that the prospect of quiting paralyzes them with fear. Meanwhile the person that job hopped for the past 10 years shrugs and moves on with life. I've quit toxic jobs with nothing new lined up and my ability to do so was entirely from my own self respect and confidence. Without that you may never even find your potential. Imagine the work experience this person never attained because they are stuck in a toxic environment. There are life time friends I never would have met if I stuck around that shitty job all those years ago.

It's no different than staying with an abuser.
Most people only change one or two files at a time. Those files, and the few that depend on them, must be rebuilt upon a change. Incremental builds only do what's necessary. Your proposal always builds everything no matter how trivial the change. It does not scale.
> and it affects the livelihood of 12.000 people

I'll stop you right there. Why would they do a post-mortem for this? They're not accountable to the employees. This should be a reminder for everyone as to who SLT actually works for.
> getting therapy

Good - as long as you mean that "they", the misbehaving part, goes to therapy. (Not, say, you - unless, again, you mean professional consultancy mirroring this current question... As long, again, that it is clear to you that it is the badly behaving part that must be retrained.)

Otherwise, you would have to develop communicational skills that you state implicitly not having developed until now, to place behavioural boundaries in others. So, the misbehaving part should be straightened by a capable third part.
Show HN: Timeretain – Track, visualize, and export your hours
Hi HN,

I made this because I needed to track how much I work and on what. Timeretain allows you to track time using a fast, private feed of time cards. It displays your stats next to it, and you can filter to zoom in on a description or tag. You can always export what's in view.

It's different from other time trackers because it's powerful and minimalist. Here's how I use it.

I need to hold myself accountable. I want to know how much I've worked in a week, and Timeretain immediately shows that — no need to create extensive 'reports'. Next, a log of what I did is useful for standup. I can get that from my feed, which loads quickly. Finally, I have to track time for specific topics. With Timeretain, I can add tags on the fly — it doesn't require me to create and manage 'projects'.

I would love to hear your feedback. There's an instant demo on the landing page; you don't have to share personal details to test.
For interacting with humans, I rarely expose a UUID directly. I'm not particularly bothered about ugly URLs but I don't work in an industry where SEO is relevant.

As you suggest, I sometimes incorporate type information into the ID to convey a bit more context, often in the form of a URL (org.com/customer/xxxxx). If you do need to put a UUID in the UI, depending on the constraints of the application, it might make sense to just display the first group of characters from the UUID and separately handle the very rare collisions you may encounter, similar to git and its short SHAs.

For any situation where there will be transcription or copying IDs between systems manually, I will typically add another group that incorporates some metadata about where the ID came from (similar to the type code you mention) and a check digit, but obviously I try to avoid any situation that involves transcribing a UUID.
Okay let's try it:

〉time
The current time is: 12:38:36.95
〉cargo new foo
〉cd foo
〉cargo add axum
〉code . (and then copy-paste the axum docs hello world from docs.rs/axum into src/main.rs)
〉cargo build
〉time
The current time is: 12:43:37.44

Most of that is waiting on my crates.io index to update (which isn’t something that happens every time you start a project), and that, hilariously, the axum hello world also requires that you do a `cargo add tokio --features macros rt-multi-thread`, which they do not document, and I had to figure out myself. Most packages don't have that issue, and I'm filing a bug right now.

> I can have a Go net/http project up quicker than all the above just cause of muscle memory

I suspect that this has a larger impact on your experience than you're giving it credit for. You shouldn't discount familiarity, it's a huge bonus! And a good reason for you to do this stuff in Go and not Rust. But it doesn't mean it's universal.

Am I going to argue that Rails is not wildly productive? Absolutely not. But at least, for me, the package existing in the stdlib isn't the different factor here. Rails and Django both aren't in the Ruby and Python standard libraries either, you know?
Seattle is pretty actively hostile to housing development (it seems to be swinging a bit more friendly but it's also a "I'll believe it when I see it.").
Your argument was that the West has changed, and China claiming we haven't is wrong. The Mideast rather strongly supports the Chinese view, and so far as I can tell - there's not really much to oppose it. As for propaganda, during the Cold War we engaged in extensive propaganda. That included things like imagery of stocked grocery store shelves. That those things were used as propaganda did not mean that they did not exist, or were somehow inherently false.
Were you helping people specifically transition into technical/engineering roles?
There are whitehats constantly looking at this sort of thing. It's why we can say that KASLR is a huge waste of time - because it's both theoretically bogus and we have actual exploit devs saying that they don't care about it.
> Next to no one uses Android, etc.

Seems like a self-selection bias, possibly based on socio-economic factors that determine who you surround yourself with.

In my personal circles, I only know 1 person who uses iPhone, everyone else uses android.
Most likely intended DarkTable
The main takeaway for me is that a 10x person is thinking at a higher level - about real objectives, but is flexible about how to achieve them.

From TFA, the dev interpreted the goal as "have all the tests" rather than "write all the tests." And then determined that it would be faster to meet this goal by building a tool to write them, rather than writing them individually by hand.
Abstract:

Federated Learning (FL) is a popular distributed machine learning paradigm that enables jointly training a global model without sharing clients' data. However, its repetitive server-client communication gives room for backdoor attacks with aim to mislead the global model into a targeted misprediction when a specific trigger pattern is presented. In response to such backdoor threats on federated learning, various defense measures have been proposed.

In this paper, we study whether the current defense mechanisms truly neutralize the backdoor threats from federated learning in a practical setting by proposing a new federated backdoor attack method for possible countermeasures. Different from traditional training (on triggered data) and rescaling (the malicious client model) based backdoor injection, the proposed backdoor attack framework (1) directly modifies (a small proportion of) local model weights to inject the backdoor trigger via sign flips; (2) jointly optimize the trigger pattern with the client model, thus is more persistent and stealthy for circumventing existing defenses.

In a case study, we examine the strength and weaknesses of recent federated backdoor defenses from three major categories and provide suggestions to the practitioners when training federated models in practice.
LETS FREEzE JS, why are we adding more stuff to js ? (੭ ˊ^ˋ)੭
Also do you really think the table stakes for modern debates are anything close to what was going on at the turn of the century? Gender identity really compares to “should women vote”? Discussions around race today have the same stakes as “Are white people the biologically superior race?” Political discussions today compare to real considerations of Communism (NOT “them liberals is communists”, but real deal communism was on the table)

The only really new, big stakes discussion I see on the table today is climate change. Everything else has been more or less hashed out by generations now dead.
Sometimes it happens that you do not realise how bad something is until you join ...
What prevented you from doing that before this tool existed?
I am at the end of my career (already stopped working for someone else, just working on my own projects now) and as I look back at the various jobs I had; the ones that were engaging were also the most rewarding.

I had two short stints with government jobs (one working part-time while in college and once for a major defense contractor) and they were terrible. Strict rules prevented anyone from doing things that were fun and productive. At the end of the year, we once ran out of 'funded projects' and we were forced to work on trivial matters while tracking our time in 30 minute increments. It was painful to find a way to clean your desk for 2 hours. We would have a long meeting where nothing was really discussed just to have a few hours to charge to some check box item. This went on for several weeks.

The best jobs were the ones I had freedom to build what I though the customer wanted. I would sometimes work until 10pm not realizing that quitting time occurred hours earlier (I was still single at the time otherwise my wife would have interrupted).

Startups can be some of the best places to let your creative juices flow. They are not the most stable for guaranteed income, but they can be very rewarding in other ways.
It might be better to limit the scope to "Live editing" or "source code syncing" rather than "version control".