skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
I've gotten a few odds and ends from Startech before, e.g. a PS/2 to USB-A adapter. No complaints here.

Does anyone have any opinion on Satechi? It's US-based (San Diego) and has been around since 2005, but I don't know much about them beyond that.

I really like their four-port USB-C GaN charger (https://satechi.net/products/165w-usb-c-4-port-pd-gan-charge...), which I bought because it was the only one I could find without any USB-A ports.
I'm looking at it myself from the other end: one of the most interesting ideas from Smalltalk, Oberon, Plan9, etc. was having text be executable as programs in a text editor. It's to a visual editor as a command line shell is to a line editor.

I've heard it called an 'integrating development environment,' a system where all the tools to use it like an IDE are there.

EDIT: OP has a blog post showing the similarities between the mentioned systems: https://www.multicores.org/blog/what-have-i-been-up-to.html
PostgreSQL 14 Internals book – Part II - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=32593996 - Aug 2022 (19 comments)

PostgreSQL 14 Internals Book - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=32088316 - July 2022 (34 comments)
I doubt anyone is actually going to “shoot prematurely for the Mars”. I expect what SpaceX is going to do, is once they get Starship up and running, and tick off some intermediate goals such as Artemis III and DearMoon, they’ll start launching demo Mars missions-no crew, but demonstrating some of the technologies a crewed mission will need-and NASA will probably pay for some of it. And that’s likely to take a lot longer than all their optimistic estimates suggest. But they’ll continue to dangle those timelines in front of everybody to create buzz which increases the odds of Congress/NASA paying for some of it. SpaceX might be a bit less risk-averse than NASA, but no way are they sending humans (even privately) to Mars unless they have reasonable odds of surviving, and there is a lot of further technology development and demonstration required to have reasonable confidence in that.
A lot of the streets that seem pedestrianized are not! They're just so small, and have so little reason for a driver to use them, that drivers don't.
It's only for devices which opt out of having a unique ID. At that point, you have to consider different situations, including two devices of the same type in different ports. Safest to just assume each device is a new one.
Mars has a weaker gravity well, so getting to space is a lot easier than it is from Earth. And while the moon might sound better, unlike the Moon, it has enough gravity where the human body might be able to adapt without crippling bone and muscle loss.

This makes Mars pretty ideal as a home base, if you assume that in the future we are planning to mine and process asteroids for rare minerals and metals.
Is this primarily a US phenomenon, or is this evenly distributed around the world? If so, is there something unique about the US school system that leads to this?
it's infamous for being used by terrorists to build IED thanks to its accuracy and durability (same goes for Toyota Hilux), I think it's notoriety went that far that if you worn it at airport you might have been selected for random security check, though not sure if this part is truth or myth
And here we are. A language "focused on safety and correctness" where you need to argue because error handling is neglected instead of being put front, and not even the most trivial resource management is thought out (even big sounding terms like "linear types" and "capabilities" were thrown on the table).

Together with this joke to call async a "fashion" (in a time of networked services everywhere, and high performance I/O being now only possible with asynchronous APIs) this whole thing will go nowhere, imho.

Nice theoretical ideas aren't enough when it comes to programming languages. The execution is key.

This thing is a clear instance of misunderstanding of "the KISS principle": Dumbing things down to the max is not KISS! Because it neglects inherent complexity. KISS only wants to remove accidental complexity. All other complexities still need to get addressed accordingly. Nobody needs the next Go or V.
> But was impressed when I learnt that there is no analog wristwatch that can match this accuracy

Seiko 5 automatics apparently[1] can.[2]

[1] https://www.watchuseek.com/threads/seiko-5-is-pretty-accurat...

[2] https://qr.ae/prvf6L
For I Have No Mouth and I Must Scream

Boltzmann Brains don't fluctuate into existence, they get created when entropy is moderate enough to produce galaxies with people in them that develop tech for cloning.
And that’s why the Proud Boys say they’re not apologizing for creating the modern world. And the idea is popular.

To be clear, many Hispanics agree. Many of their ancestors played a role alongside the rest of their fellow whites. Whites are still admired by Asians as well.

This anti-white thing is largely an American phenomenon and other far left folks around the world that are resentful and cannot accept responsibility for their own condition. The rest of them deal with the hand they’re dealt, and go to work. As no one has more influence over their lives than them. We just accept it rather than adopt victimhood as a way of life. That’s how you create losers.
>I have to secure a physical object that grants irrevocable ownership of my wealth?

Not really. Can be a file copied across dozens of public places that is well-encrypted (say AES256+Blowfish) using a key securely derived (say PBKDF2 with many iterations) from a random password you don't use anywhere else.

That said, if you do that, have a system that will drill you for that password weekly, or you will just forget it. And make sure this system can't be compromised to record your password as you type it.
But we have ~8 billion people on Earth.

So even if a very low percentage survive within underground settlements here it would be far better situation than being on Mars.
Overturning zoning wholesale in the US would probably lead to the most improvement in societal outcomes possible from one law. You'd get higher population density in every city. A tiny list of likely outcomes:

- Lower per capita infrastructure costs

- Lower BMI (more walking as things are closer together)

- Lower per capita energy usage and CO2 emissions

- Fewer school shootings (they decrease as neighborhood density increases)

- Lower rents in cities

...the list goes on.
Pre-college school isn't stressful for most people.
> Second, you need to be extremely familiar with the language and ensure that you know that you're not mixing and matching mutable and immutable system calls, which will be hell to debug, see 1

How is this not the case, for say, python?

E.g. You can get yourself into real trouble with a function like this in python.

def f(dict = {}):
return dict
The key distinction between Eli's approach and mine has to do with the primary approach. Eli is enhancing a spreadsheet. I'm approaching the problem as a new programming approach.

I'm suggesting that you could change the linear, time-oriented evaluation of code within your program without explicitly using a spreadsheet. This change of control flow based on spreadsheet-like dependency gives new freedom for things like distributed computing. Also unlike spreadsheets, there is no need to update only a single cell.
https://mars.nasa.gov/msr/

Sample return step 1 (collect samples) is already underway.
You underestimate the power of the Dunning-Kruger effect.

That 1000 random people will build it, get it on the launchpad, and press the button. That's not the problem. It's getting to orbit (and back) that would be highly unlikely.
From thee link:

> Tortoise is a bit tongue in cheek: this model is insanely slow. It leverages both an autoregressive decoder and a diffusion decoder; both known for their low sampling rates. On a NVidia Tesla K80, expect to generate a medium sized sentence every 2 minutes.

I suspect that for a real(-ish) time TTS system, something else is needed. OTOH if you want to record some voice acting for a game or other multimedia product, it still may be more cost-effective than recording a bunch of live humans.

(K8 = NVidia Tesla K80, GPU, $800-900 for a 24GB version right now.)
Homologation implies not only "the granting of approval by an official authority", but compliance with social agreement about unification of solutions / standarisation of thought.

I've always thought that homologated solutions are parts of a bigger whole, bigger "homo". Stating that the producing party has all the right knowledge to make the part fit and adhere to safety guarantees.
I've seen stories about this same thing happening in the UK and Australia.

Is there a full list somewhere of all the countries in which China is currently operating police stations?
> ensure that you know that you're not mixing and matching mutable and immutable system calls

Languages that were designed from the ground up to be pure functional, like Haskell, keep you from making this mistake.
I grew up in Austria. One doesn‘t need knifes, guns, metal detectors and school cops to bully.
And we know this how?
It's interesting to read that you slowly shift the narrative from accepting your faults to making excuses to blame externalities, like inherited narcissism and ADHD. Look the word up, it's essentially an umbrella term that pretty much describes anything that can be considered negative, almost to the point that it's meaningless, except as a convenient tool to antagonize people. Selfishness and self-admiration is spectrum, everyone possess it one way or another. To claim otherwise is inhuman. Clearly, there are actual extreme narcissists, but they are not as frequent as people use the term loosely nowadays. Disclaimer: not a psychologist, but probably neither are you.
Method vs non-method calling syntax is a red herring; a method is just a function where you put the first argument on the left instead of inside the parenthesis

Hanging functions off of objects/types isn't really anti-functional either, as long as they don't mutate the subject

Functional programming is mainly about not changing state; you can do that with or without methods
It looks like his oldest commit is from February 28, 2011[1], and the first pool was created in 2010[2]. I'm not sure when he started using bitcoin.

[1] https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/commits?after=d8bdee0fc88...

[2] https://compassmining.io/education/bitcoin-mining-pools-hist...
> In contrast I suspect that it's higher in Japan, driven in part by high quality non-CG animations as well as by nationalism, as the article points out.

Nationalism is a loaded term, but there's absolutely an international aloofness in Japan that is seemingly worse compared to decades prior. The consumption patterns of my younger Japanese friends are way more domestic compared to some middle-aged colleagues of mine, who had a voracious appetite for hair rock, shoot em ups, and Robert De Niro in general. I don't think the Japanese culture industry necessarily improved over the course of this generational chasm, but it became more hegemonic. Couple that with a shit currency and ridiculous notions of safety, and you have a bunch of kids who just aren't getting out there and exposed to different ideas.

I can't stand Hollywood and my first post reflected that, but the breakdown in cultural exchange has been mutual; I can't remember the last piece of Japanese media that's taken the Western mainstream by storm. Competent dramas like Shoplifters or Drive My Car make it to theaters here, I enjoy them, then forget them. But on the whole, Japanese media is far too inward looking and fan-servicing: the same things I hate about Marvel.

Pound for pound though, Japanese people still have a better sense for what's good looking. There's a trend in American media to deliberately bombard the subject with ugliness and then bully them into accepting it. It doesn't work in Japan.
The "Terra Ignota" series really gets into this question in a way that finally broke me out of what I agree to be a sort of "faith" in the Idea of Mars. For me, Mars has always been an obvious target for the reasons discussed here re: inspiration, but also because I feel terror at the idea of all of our species on one planet with no backup.

In Terra Ignota, there's a "nation" (the novel has a radically different concept of sovereign states an nationhood than our world today) composed of people who many here I think would identify with: they take a vow both of productivity and leisure so as to maximize their potential ability to contribute to the betterment of the human race, and their national obsession is the eventual (500 year timeline) colonization of Mars.

(spoilers)

A critical ideological revelation in the novel is that despite the fact that basically the entire nation is obsessed with the eventual colonization of Mars (they send their bodily remains there so as to increase the organic biomass), when push came to shove for the idea of actually putting people on the planet, it was realized by many in the nation that they don't actually want to abandon all of humanity on Earth for a life sentence of scrabbling out a hard life on Mars. Not because they don't want to put in the work, they are arguably the hardest working society in the series, but more like, it would just separate them for the remainder of their lives from all of humanity, and they have to acknowledge to themselves that they don't want that.

As cool as you can make Mars with improving colonization technologies,I think that for a ticket to Mars to be economical from a labor, safety, equipment, and resources standpoint, it has to be one way. It has to be you telling yourself that you will die on Mars, away from all of humanity but the smallest slice. I think that's a pill too bitter to swallow.
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i love playing video games, and also you're completely right.
It's never really been a joy to navigate, tbf.
Expanding on your excellent answer, the real difference between studded and unstudded winter tires isn't just how the perform on ice, but on ice as the temperature approaches freezing. At very cold temps, the unstudded actually have an advantage. The ice is too hard for the studs to penetrate, and the softer rubber of the studless stops a bit shorter.

But as the temperature warms to freezing and the ice gets softer, the studs really come into their own. The studded tires have an even shorter stopping distance than they did at 0F/-20C, but the unstudded start sliding and almost never stop. In the worst case, the stopping distance can be almost 3x longer than the studded!

Here's an accurate (although biased) summary of a Russian study about this: http://www.skstuds.ca/2015/10/04/the-studless-tire-deception.... Clicking through to the Google translate of the original gives even more info.

I live in Vermont, and use studless winter tires for the winter months. On snow they are great. On cold clear roads, they are much better than All Seasons. But if you hit black ice on a thawing road, you need to know that they will not stop you the way a studded tire would.
Indeed. It's actually easier in languages like Haskell because the type system won't let you mix and match.
The Apollo program was insane for the 1960's. It was announced by JFK just one year after NASA's first successful manned space rocket. Engineering was still primarily done with pencils and slide-rules, the US had only just achieved widespread household electrification, and the first supersonic flight was only 15 years earlier.

NASA's budget during the Apollo era was about 10 times that of the Manhattan Project, about 1% of the entire US government budget. It could have turned into history's largest money incinerator if things had gone bad organizationally. I can't really think of any project like it that has been attempted before or since--not at such a huge scale and on such a short timeline.

The Soviet Union's own moonshot ended up a gigantic disaster, and it was only diligence and commitment (and luck) at every level of NASA that allowed them to succeed given such a monumental goal. But the goal itself was very close to madness.
At least for me there's no way you could get buy in from others either work or friend groups without native built in screen-share which only just released a month ago or so in Element I think (well, it's in beta). When I tried it out the Screenshare modal would open and you could select a window to share but you couldn't click the share button, it just wouldn't do anything (very frustrating - no error just did nothing). That was pretty underwhelming but at least it was resolved in the update a weekish later. I'm pretty sure companies would be willing to pay for Matrix if it were cheaper than Slack for example. Like you I'd prefer to see a polishing of usability over new features.
> The fact that we failed to notice 99.999% of life on Earth until a few years ago is unsettling and has implications for Mars. The existence of a deep biosphere in particular narrows the habitability gap between our planets to the point where it probably doesn’t exist—there is likely at least one corner of Mars that an Earth organism could call home.

Maybe the next fancy device we send to Mars should be a high-throughput sequencer to look for metagenomic Martian DNA.
There are many problems with this article, and this sort of thinking explains why mankind has been trapped in a counter-productive rut for the last half century when it comes to space exploration.

> Contamination

Concerns around Mars contamination are hogwash. We want to contaminate the f out of Mars. We want microbes to infiltrate every nook and cranny of every crevice on the planet, just like it is on Earth. If there are indigenous species, they will compete, and the best will win out. If we discover something harmful to humans, we will develop vaccines or pesticides.

The author must keep in mind that this is real life, not Star Trek with high-minded Prime Directives and some deep philosophical mission. Our mission is to colonise a new planet and make it liveable for the next billion humans. There is no Prime Directive.

> Research and engineering for life support

Yes, a lot of research is required to develop self-contained life support systems. It won't happen unless we do it. It won't happen if we focus only of robotics and automation. Human space exploration is the end goal. Dithering about with drones and robots is fun, but the real dream is a man (or 100) on Mars.

> human physiology, physiological effects of partial gravity, risk the safety of the crew

You cannot embark on a planet terraforming mission and not take on risk. The whole endeavour is risky. Not doing is also risky, we might not have a pleasant Earth in 200 years. Choose people who are of strong, sound minds (as best we can evaluate) and who are willing to risk their lives for a chance of going to Mars. We definitely should not wait around until we are technologically capable of sending a foolproof 200% safe-for-humans capsule.

> “Mere failure to realize a long-term, aspirational goal is not fraud”

Amen.
Monads in a software engineering context ("a particular set of rules for composition of two pieces of code"); defunctionalization; Lisp structural macros; fexprs; the Rust lifetime system; how to structure functional programs. All of these things had a delta in years between when I first encountered them and when I finally understood them, with repeated (4-8) spaced exposures over that time period contributing.
Not OP, but try https://datasetsearch.research.google.com/search?src=0&query...

There's a paperswithcode dataset that looks good, at a glance.
Tiny examples like these really don't demonstrate the big benefits of FP. However, they do illustrate the altitude of approach to problem solving.

In the imperative solutions, the programmer is essentially thinking and acting like a problem solver AND computer. There's the human element of understanding the problem and devising a solution, and then there's the step-by-step implementation. This is fine, and it's quite good for learning how to think. But it doesn't take much experience to ascend above it...

The FP solutions illustrate a problem solver "telling" the computer what operations to perform on a dataset to get the result.

At first even the tiny FP example may be off-putting to someone from an imperative background. It may seem a bit obtuse. But really, it is just thinking about the major steps necessary to transform one set of data into another, and then knowing which tools/building blocks to use to achieve that goal. You intentionally stop caring about how to add elements of a list together and instead just choose the right functions to map/apply/(reduce) your data with.

Now what I have not yet wrapped my head around is the Clojure transducers. I get the concept, but haven't quite grokked it fully. They are the step beyond the data.do_this.then_do_this.etc.

But for me, FP approaches, even applied to traditionally imperative languages (even Python, with some struggling with inconsistent and unergonomic details) provide some key benefits.

1. Pure functions can be understood and then forgotten about; once you know what it does, your mind is free to never worry about unexpected things going on inside. This is counter to typical OO functions which mutate objects at will. The mental load is so much higher with the OO mutation functions.

2. Pure functions are vastly easier to test. Couple this with using simpler, decoupled data types (hashmaps, arrays, structs... things which generally do not require special setup and teardown due to instance creation activities) and you have a much easier time writing tests that cover 100% of lines/branches - in fewer lines of code than incomplete OO tests.

All that said, I am less enthusiastic about passing anonymous functions everywhere as is common in modern JavaScript. That increases the cognitive load for me simply because it's harder to remember what does what and where things are happening. So I try not to have more than 1-2 layers of functions passed to functions.

There is one FP-related challenge which doesn't really have a solution as far as I can tell: more small functions means more function names to think of. To keep them recognizable and memorable, the names must be pretty descriptive. This means you can end up with some_pretty_long_function_names. It's a small concern, however. And as a bonus, your code ends up reading a lot more like human language - meaning you can give a code tour to a less technical person and they may actually be able to follow.
I accept that human space flight to Mars is not optimal from a scientific perspective due to possibilities for contamination and cost. But I also think there is a better argument to be made for boots on Mars than what appears in this article.

For one, the new technology needed for manned space flight is more likely to have medical and defense applications. But mkre importantly, boots on Mars would be a huge political victory.

Think about it like this: corporations sponsor Formula 1 cars because the prestige and visibility they get has all sorts of benefits. A manned mission to Mars would be like the holy grail of marketing. It would be like putting a permanent ad in the history books that every literate human on Earth will see for the next thousands and thousands of years. It's not unreasonable to say that the good publicity from this will prolong the lifespan of the nation, and that's something that I'd expect Congress to pursue.
also:

.map(({ key, rows }) => ({ key, rows: rows.map(([page, link]) => link) }))

and

.groupBy(p => p[0])

to

.groupBy(([link, file]) => link)