skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Since all upvalues can be determined at “compile” time (cause they all are locals up the lexical scope), I think they don’t pin stack frames^ for their lifetime, instead they create separate upvalue blocks in advance when corresponding activation records get created. One can also create C closures with upvalues from the stack, e.g. push a string and “close” it for few C functions (lua_pushcclosure, lua_upvaluejoin, luaL_setfuncs). But this string gets popped from the stack, and these functions live on their own and have a shared upvalue, which is not in any stack frame. It would be reasonable to assume from the C API that lua_CFunctions and Lua functions have the same upvalue mechanism, as they are completely interchangeable.

^ I mean internal stack structures, not a public stack, which is fully dynamic and may be cleared without affecting anything, e.g. in lua_CFunction. There’s nothing you can refer to on the stack, the same way you don’t want to refer to a temporary technical `push` in Assembly. Consider this:

function f()
local arr = []
for i = 0, 100000000 do
table.insert(arr, function ()
return i
end)
end
end

If `i` was created on the stack on every iteration, it would quickly overflow it, because you can’t just erase previous i, since it was closed.

(For those unaware: `for i …` “creates” a new variable/upvalue at each iteration. Every arr[?]() returns a different value in this example.)
I was curious how this person was paying US$0.22/kWh when that is 2x Oregon, and found this interesting table:

https://www.chooseenergy.com/electricity-rates-by-state/

Not sure how accurate it is, but what is up with New Hampshire at $0.32?!

Hawaii seems like it could knock it out of the park with wind and solar, but they're at 45cents. Ouch.
I guess I'm one of those anti-social people, because my first thought was that anyone hotlinking a script from your server without permission is basically inviting you to deface -- uh, I mean, "creatively redesign" their website for them for free.
I can relate to this. For me, I think it comes from a combination of wanting meaningful conversation (which doesn’t need to happen too frequently because you run out of meaningful things to discuss), having minimal interest in networking based on where I’m at in my career, having less time for frivolous meetups because I have many work and family obligations and want more time to myself, appreciating other things like spending time in nature and wanting to devote more time there, and being more discerning about who I spend time with.

It may change again, and perhaps there will be a point where I want to see people more frequently and frivolously. But right now, I have a strong urge similar to what you describe.
I would also wonder if Halteria could be genetically modified to consume PFAs and microplastics in the human body, assuming that our own immune system didn't attack and eliminate them on sight faster than we could replenish them.
Fantastic… but on what? RISC-V is still not quite Raspberry Pi 4-level on the fastest chips, but is advancing quickly.

Is this going to primarily be the newest chipset for cheap Kindles?
I usually just go complain to network folks and they figure it out. I'm good at complaining!

Routing issues like this are typically the result of some weird network provider politics. The fix is typically ti change how we announce IPs to force a route to do something we want. It's a dark art.
The issue with branding isn't the lefts. The issue is that many incel communities call themselves men's rights activists.

The left, however, has a compassion problem with men. It seems like very few people actually want to engage in a healthy way in left oriented spaces whereas the right actually talks to young men and offers them advice over a range of topics that a lot of boys feel most insecure about. I think that is something that needs to be addressed otherwise grifters such as Jordan Peterson and Andrew Tate will continue to infiltrate spaces of 12 year old boys, with innocuous seeming lifestyle advice.

The advice I see given most frequently to boys and young men by lefties seem irrelevant to their actual interests at best or patronizing at worst (e.g. "Don't rape/make the world a better place"). I rarely see advice on how to engage with their own masculinity in a way that isn't harmful. It feels like the gut reaction of a lot of people is to conveniently label boys as assigned evil at birth rather than to guide them and unpack how interactions with peers, girls, or society work.

This isn't feminists ruining young men, it is society failing to have adequate role models and show compassion to young me.
Even then, solar panels produce electricity when demand is low and supply is high. In the evening, demand goes up and solar panels produce a lot less.
It was really lots of fun!

Eerily, from so few questions, it got so many things things right about both me (The Wizard) and my wife (The Duelist).
What am I not getting? Isn't family {1}, {2}, {3}, {4}, {1, 2, 3, 4} union-closed? Each element appears in only 2/5 of the sets, so ???

Edit: From the paper, the family F is defined as "F ⊆ (subset or equal) 2^n". I think that means for n elements there are at most 2^n subsets? In other words, no duplicated subsets. Which still doesn't clear up my confusion--5 subsets is < 2^4.

Edit: Duh, thanks for correcting my thinko.
Waterproof charge electrodes are thing for a long time. I think Apple loves glass on phone back so they can't adopt it.
We're a family of four in the Midwest (US), and we average about 40 kwh/day. Roughly 14,000kwh annually. The only gas stuff we have is our hot water heater and furnace. Our A/C gets a work out in the summer when it is pretty warm (at least this year). I do about 8 loads of laundry a week, and I'm sure that my dryer is a big user of electricity. We have a lot of computers in the house between the four of us; three desktops and four laptops. I work from home, so a pretty consistent use for at least 2 of them. I don't think the house lights or smartphones are worth even tallying. I bet A/C is a good 50% of our usage, and that's focused largely between June and September.
We have our own hardware.
I don’t think people fully grasp how much power and compute it takes to record and process video (me included). let me know how long that canon r5 can record for continuously, and how many batteries it’ll go through for that recording time. It wasn’t that long ago that it was taxing for desktop computers to play a 4k video file.
Risk management lawyers earned their millions, it seems. Hard to stay optimistic when nobody is holding big players accountable for hurting people.
This is supposedly a public utility, not a profit-oriented corporation. Right? Right?
No, I don't think they are. The things they do with Anycast IPs I don't think is possible on AWS.
Not a retraction, just that many of the claims about supercomputer performance were easily shown to be less than accurate, making any claims about supremacy less exciting.
Yes... and no. There's a slightly horrifying piece of introspection code that does this: https://github.com/ianb/infinite-ai-array/blob/main/iaia/ins...
Certainly. But what we do also know is all three women in this article consented to the release of their medical records, and the newspaper's review of those records did not find any condition warranting induction. And while journalistic failures of fact-checking, even egregious ones, have occurred, this is one that could be so easily verified with even the most cursory look. It doesn't require an obstetrician or physician, hell, an EMT with less than 200 hours of medical education is taught that, as you say, one of the biggest risks in late term pregnancy is preeclampsia. Even a quick Google search would say as much. Given that this is the core of the story, it would take Herculean amounts of Wikipedia-esque "Assume Good Faith" with respect to the Arizona DOC having concerns that warranted these interventions that could be discovered with less than a minute of review of their medical records.

Also vile, that the women were then billed for the cost of their inductions, despite them being in custody. Arizona seems to want it both ways (which is unsurprising, given that they have a pretty horrific history in such things - until last year, prisoners in active delivery were still required to be handcuffed to beds and still kept in shackles, through birth itself) - you're a ward of the state (which generally _doesn't_ remove medical autonomy), so we'll make your medical decisions, and then we'll bill you for our choices.
Do you have a citation for Meta saying something like that?

The article implies they’ve been hyping up AR (which matches my tiny knowledge of the product) and that seems useless if the Reality part of AR is blurry.
Over a Decade, Rolex Watches Outperformed the Stock Marke
I look in the mirror and confidently say I don't know how to run a database. Was the grandparent comment meant to be an insult?
Author mentions New England, which I gather is a large-ish area, but let's say about 44 degrees north.

I'm 33 degrees south, so obviously 'better' in terms of solar potential. We probably also have fewer cloudy days (though much hotter days during summer, I'm not sure how that compares out over the year).

My panels are not optimally installed, at least not optimally for capture - but definitely optimally for installation cost. I have a gable-roof shed facing roughly NW, with 22 panels on the NW side, and 11 on the SE side. Roof slope is about 9 degrees.

I just start to flat-line my 10kW inverter, fed from 12kW panels, about 3 weeks (on the winter side) of the equinoxes - so there's definitely room to improve the configuration there. FYI in summer I generate average ~70kWh a day, and in winter about 30.

It sounds like author put these panels on in late 2021 --which should post-date the worst of the COVID-induced shipping/trade bumps, and pre-date the Ukraine / Russia induced effects.

EDIT: You mentioned "... tariffed as much as 30% in the US ..." -- I agree that kind of figure could be explained by duties, tariffs, etc, but the difference here is actually 3x (26k vs 9k) for a system that's only about 60% the capacity of mine. A like-for-like system, extrapolating from TFA's numbers, would be US$35k, or nearly 4x difference.
The client source code is the where the most of the IP is. The server code is pretty dumb on it own, all it does is the sync and permissions.

One of the issues with Bitwarden encryption is the fact that every field is encrypted separately and that could provide more info to the attacker. For example, you could tell how many URLs in a particular login or if there is note for an item and how long it is.
That's good! Maybe I was an imposter after all :)

I would count everything including meetings, email, required trainings, team events, etc. People would attend low priority meetings and just work through them, it was nuts. Perhaps you have less of this in your company / role.
Is seeding generating fake users who look real, to create the illusion of a popular app?
Right under the price on this page https://www.meta.com/quest/quest-pro/ the first feature is AR / passthrough. In fact, most of the page is dedicated to things other than gaming.

> With breakthrough high resolution mixed reality you can engage effortlessly with the virtual world while maintaining presence in your physical space in hi-def color.
Well, for one, you can't accurately grep for all uses of a symbol, or at the very least it becomes much more difficult

Want to know every library on GitHub that uses "mySpecialNimConst" in it's code?

Enjoy the hunt
Yep, it was used a lot when people would hotlink to their MySpace profile.

still super effective.
That’s awesome to hear!

Thank you btw for all your funding/support of the Erlang/Elixir ecosystem.
btw, this paper card approach was replaced by physical hardware OTP tokens (lasting multiple years until they have to be replaced), it’s as secure as the supply chain (which is also a factor for paper cards), so I’m not sure why Korea still clings to this as tokens are obviously a net gain in ops cost
{1} U {2} = {1,2} and is not in the family.
I graduated high school in 1995 and found these commercials so inspiring. They also got me super into the history of Bell Labs.
"In Australia a 6.6kw system with 5kw inverter runs about 3500-4500AUD installed and grid connected."

*after subsidies.
a) It's okay that you can use it, but please don't remove port. It's bad for me.
"A collection, or family, of sets is considered “union-closed” if the union of any two sets in the family equals any existing set in the family." Your family isn't union closed because it doesn't include {1, 2}, the union of {1} and {2}.
Magnus Carlsen arrives 2.30 mins late for a 3 minute game [video]
but pandas!!? /s
Realistically, what's going to happen with "courts and legislation" is that anyone who wants to do scraping will simply operate from the jurisdiction where it's legal. That's the crucial difference between regulating roads or restaurants, and regulating stuff on the Internet, at least in the absence of Great National Firewalls.
With microservices you have to have a tradeoff - a monolith is inherently more testable at integration level, than a microservice based architecture.

There's a significant overhead to build and run tests at API level, that includes API versioning... and there's less of a need to version API inside a monolith.
I think the demand peak is in the evening. Whether that overlaps with daylight depends on the season. I suppose in areas where people use a lot of AC, peak demand might be earlier in the day, but I haven't seen any figures showing that. I have seen the evening peak.
Anything in the US that will reduce the profit of established players in a given industry is heavily taxed and very expensive. This is the results of decades and billions of dollars in lobbying (i.e. a legal way to give politicians money so they pass laws to help you make more money)
Yes, you can do wonderful things with the inspect package.
I think history will show that the current state of the art quantum cypher breaking is well ahead of what is being discussed here.
people crave hype. Investors love it.
How about "Architecture decisions based on the needs of our company, and by extension our software, not blog posts from Hacker News"
In the past there's been major snow. I haven't checked the weather this time.
Young men always did fend for themselves, but I don't think it's right say they were left to. More like they were let to do the fending that came naturally to them, fending for themselves and their families, and generally being the apex of human potential in terms of physical and mental ability. The difference now is that they are actively stifled and suppressed by society, and from a young age, much to the detriment of all concerned.
It looks about right. I've yet to see a class action suit where the individuals get any substantial money. I've heard of one where the settlement involved coupons for the product rather than cash.
I made a shirt to cover everything you mention here https://www.customink.com/designs/im-in-meetings-all-day/mjx...

People really like it.
The primary use case for passthrough is not AR, it was not intended to be projecting stuff over room interior, and as such, it's crap at a thing that it is explicitely not optimized for.

The primary use case for passthrough is bringing stuff into VR, specifically your hands (when used in hand tracking mode), and your keyboard. Your monitor is projected into VR by being hooked to your headset. Any other function's utility has been traded off for these purposes.
Anthromorphize means to attribute human characteristics to something not human. Surely you're not saying that "trying" is a uniquely human behavior?
If you insist, look into active recovery. A mentally engaging activity that’s completely unrelated to tech.
It's a part of the underpinnings of LUIS, Microsoft's Azure service for language understanding, and indeed part of building things like chatbots.

An interesting comparison is that Microsoft.Recognizers.Text is a cross-platform cousin to JS library compromise/one: https://compromise.cool/
UK PM wants all pupils to study maths to 18
Or just an indoctrination process focused on personal responsibility to one’s consciousness and loved ones; instead of a deranged “education” composed of a fixation on prohibition and self-repression.
Funny how you're getting downvoted.

I, too, remember when voice comms on the phone didn't suck.
Some men change their own tires. Some men call AAA when they get a flat. Some women change their own tires. Some women call AAA when they get a flat. All of these people are real.
This is exactly why I avoid pip et al whenever I can and just use Nix.
The thing about gates is that leakage is an issue, so Intel went to great lengths to increase the permittivity of (aka K) of their transistor gates[1] using Hafnium and other Oxides.

[1] https://www.intel.com/pressroom/kits/advancedtech/doodle/ref...
However, there's another "bonus here" is that you have integration tests that have a better coverage.

Microservices don't make builds radically faster for the majority. People still split systems into larger services.
My current company uses MS Exchange with Outlook as client, and there's a cap on a recurring meeting occurrences. First I thought it is annoying, but now I believe it is actually a good product decision to force people to re-evaluate the need for those meetings.
Similarly one of my most important projects reads a lot of api calls returning serialized json. Those calls are expensive so I have, over time, tried many complicated cacheing mechanism.

These days though it's _so_much_simpler_and_cleaner_ to just wrap the call in a decorator that caches the request to sqlite3 and only makes the call if the cache is stale.

I don't worry about parsing the results or doing any of the heavy lifting right away - just cache the json.

Sqlite is so good at querying those blobs and is so fast it's just not worth munging them. Nice.

And using something like datasette to prototype queries for some of the more complicated tree structures is a breeze.
this has me somewhat regret buying a kindle scribe for notes. the functions in their software look great. what are the odds amazon adds some things via updates like text recognition, search, etc?

the scribe is a great kindle for reading, especially comics and the like. maybe I should get both.
Here's an implementation of Schnorr's algorithm with an attempt to estimate the amount of work needed to factorize big numbers: https://github.com/lducas/SchnorrGate

It also contains some links to critique of the Schnorr's algorithm paper. It looks like either much more p_n-smooth integer pairs are needed or the size of the p_n-smooth integers should be much bigger than estimated by original Schnorr's paper. Or both estimations are off.

As the paper discussed Schneier relies on the assumptions of the (classic) Schnorr's algorithm, it may also be off in the calculations as well.
Oh really how does it solve binary dependencies?
3 - or simpler, look at the ratio of virus to non-virus that's 'consumed'?

As a human I accidentally ingest a lot of 'bad bacteria', it's just dwarfed by the nutritious (or delicious..!) stuff. I think that's what GP's getting at - distinguishing 'accidental'/sife-effect consumption from intentional; not necessarily that it's great sentient or evolutionarily designed intent.
What if I know how, and simultaneously don’t want to?
I'm Australian. Wait, is "dickhead" not common in American and Europe? It's extremely common here I just assumed it was Queens English.
Man, I wish my colleagues would read your comment (and at least question their believes for one brief moment)…

> I disagree, in my opinion micro-services hinder scalability of deployment

…and of anything related to testing:

- Want to fire up the application in your pipeline to run E2E tests? Congratulations, you must now spin up the entire landscape of microservices in k8s. First, however, you need to figure out which versions of all those microservices you want to test against in the first place, since every service is living in a separate repository and thus getting versioned separately.

- Want to provide test data to your application before running your tests? Well, you're looking at 100 stateful services – good luck with getting the state right everywhere.
I moved a rails MVP from heroku to fly.io.

Biggest negative so far: no easy way to reset the database [1]. I'd typically like to blow it away and re-create it frequently as I tinker with it e.g. adding/removing/renaming a column or changing a data type. Those small changes now require migrations, which are a fair bit more work (but not a huge problem tbh).

Biggest positive: ability to select a zone meant response time for Australian users was very fast compared to heroku; making a big difference to UX.

[1] https://stackoverflow.com/q/74664822/5783745
Embodiment ( virtual or robotic) will be the key to high utility AGI. The lack of embodiment hinders the rendering of the self so prevents entire classes of causality. Without causality, it is very difficult to link ideas to the real world apart from creative regurgitation.
The previous post said "Strong Towns and all such related efforts have no opinion on people who choose to live outside of cities, and aren't encouraging anyone to move anywhere."

My impression was that Strong Towns and similar movements do have an opinion on people that chose to live outside of cities (suburbs) and are encouraging them to move to dense cities.
You should look at https://github.com/filamentphp/filament - if anything could be a good starting point.
Thanks for posting. I watch everything Zeihan.
Does scale to zero work with ordinary fly apps yet?
foo = 4
print(f"{foo=}".split("=")[0])
> Finally, RLHF, or "RL with Human Feedback". This is a fancy way of saying that the model now observes two humans in a conversation, one playing the role of a user, and another playing the role of "the AI", demonstrating how the AI should respond in different situations. This clearly helps the model learn how dialogs work, and how to keep track of information across dialog states (something that is very hard to learn from just "found" data). And the instructions to the humans are also the source of all the "It is not appropriate to..." and other formulaic / templatic responses we observe from the model. It is a way to train to "behave nicely" by demonstration.

I think this misses a big component of RLHF (the reinforcement learning). The approach described above is "just" supervised learning on human demonstrations. RLHF uses a reinforcement learning objective to train the model rather than maximizing likelihood of human demonstrations. In fact, you can then take the utterances your model has generated, collect human feedback on those to improve your reward model, and then train a new (hopefully better) model -- you no longer need a human roleplaying as an AI. This changed objective addresses some of the alignment issues that LMs struggle with: Open AI does a pretty good job of summarizing the motivation in https://arxiv.org/abs/2009.01325:

> While [supervised learning] has led to markedly improved performance, there is still a misalignment between this fine-tuning objective—maximizing the likelihood of human-written text—and what we care about—generating high-quality outputs as determined by humans. This misalignment has several causes: the maximum likelihood objective has no distinction between important errors (e.g. making up facts) and unimportant errors (e.g. selecting the precise word from a set of synonyms); models are incentivized to place probability mass on all human demonstrations, including those that are low-quality; and distributional shift during sampling can degrade performance. Optimizing for quality may be a principled approach to overcoming these problems.

where RLHF is one approach to "optimizing for quality".
If the meeting requires your attendance but you have little to no input and are learning nothing from it, a fun game to play is do the math of how much that meeting just cost the company.