skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Also most of those local didn't even have a writing system in the first place. I'm not sure papyrus is really that important, clay tablets worked fine in earlier periods and parchment was superior to it in most senses besides much higher cost. Had the Romans switched to parchment several centuries earlier we'd probably know way more about them.

Also whoever hold Egypt in the past: the Egyptians themselves, Persians, the Macedonians technically monopolized the papyrus trade. Nevertheless the trade still went on, that simply how ancients economies worked.

I think a bigger factor is that due to over-harvesting the plant used to make papyrus it became much more expensive as time went on making parchment much more competitive.
Yes. There’s also a temporal axis to this: maybe I’m not special in general, but this particular moment, this situation is special.
I already use mullvad, and as good as they are no VPN is immune to the issues I mentioned unfortunately.
I second this. Typing that in was one of the most transcendental computing experiences of my life.
I have been using Diigo right before del.icio.us shuts down. Never had any issues with it.
My Year of the UNIX Desktop started in 1991.

But Linux, Coherent and the other "Toy UNIXes" interested me as they developed. I used to put a version of Slackware Linux on my Toshiba T5200 * 'portable PC' periodically.

Every six months or so, I would look in to see how Linux was doing. Every single time, I was blown away by how far Linux had progressed since my last 'look in'. I especially remember when Linux networking suddenly appeared, full-blown, almost out of no-where.

On my desktop, meanwhile, I moved from AT&T UNIX via Novell's Unixware to Sun's Solaris around 1995.

Finally, in 2001, I realised "that upstart Linux" was just as useful and full-featured as my current Solaris 8 and threw in the towel. That year, 2001, was my Year of the Linux Desktop. It has remained so for the last 21 years, ever since.

* http://laptop.pics/toshiba-t5200100/ (Mine had a 200MB hard disk. HUGE!)
Tiktok is aimed at 13 year-olds or younger people who waste 8+ hours on their phone. Lot's of screaming, cringy repetitive video creations (same video recorded by millions), people proudly admit the algorithm of tiktok is the best because it keeps the user's dopamine levels high. And on top of that, blatant Chinese data collection with likely evil intend. I will not say more than this because whenever I criticize tiktok or twitter I get flagged. It is detrimental to our society on many levels. Seeing educated and technically sound people using tiktok especially on HN is surprising to me.
I agree that Keychain Access kinda sucks, but it's because Apple UI paradigm for it is different. For them, the Password Manager isn't a separate entity that's a source for copy-pasting passwords into arbitrary apps, instead it's a core Framework of the OS that apps integrate with. As such, it doesn't really have "its own UI" because each app provides the UI.

Of course, that does mean that it's less universally convenient like the other commercial apps.

As usual with Apple stuff, I guess they're not interested in making it a better separate app because their value proposition is "use our frameworks and get this feature 'for free' "
“If you go long enough…”

Press GPS direct button and don’t bother ;) ;) ;)
I think the sun provides around 5.000-10.000 lux (lm/m²) illuminance in temperate climates on an average day. Modern LEDs produce around 200 lm/W, so I think you need around 10-15 W/m² to grow stuff inside that would normally grow outside, e.g. corn (of course you can optimize the spectrum to save some energy, I'll disregard that here for the sake of simplicity). That's around 0.25 kWh/m²/day of vertical farm, or 7.5 kWh/m²/month. So, for one hectare of food you'd need 75.000 kWh/month of electricity, only for the lighting. Given these numbers I don't know how vertical farming could replace outdoor farming for most staple crops. Maybe if a miracle in energy production occurs, but even then many other challenges remain.
It's certainly not a habit for me, but the story is about things posted to tiktok, might as well go to the source.

But besides that... many people on HN are employed at social media companies, including tiktok. It does not surprise me at all.
Um, Southwest participates in the IATA clearing house. You put up the wrong list. Here is the right one: https://www.iata.org/contentassets/82a24c7a736142b6bd18e20f7...

And now for some industry education. You can participate without being an IATA member. Southwest likely started when they started flying internationally in 2014. You practically can't be an airline with international flights without participating. IATA runs the global clearinghouse.

Notably, IATA does not run the clearinghouse for US domestic (and for foreign airline tickets purchased in the US.) That's ARC (Airline Reporting Corporation.) Southwest is also a member there.
OK, yet another typing speed tester!

My 2 cents:

- I like the "heatmap" and the ghosts features.

- I don't like the fact that the text moves around on the screen while i am typing. It really shouldn't do that, because it is distracting.

- Once you have a typo, the program never notices that the entered text is just off-by-one. Could use improvement.

- I don't like it being server side. It seems so unnecessary. But hey, it's your page!
Chuck Moore is pretty much the Buckminster Fuller of computing. Fuller's Dymaxion brand was associated with his idea of getting maximum utility out of minimum input (material, energy, etc.) and Forth's "energy" is much the same. Minimum runtime, minimum code, minimum CPU complexity, but combinatorially explosive power out of these things. You need to realign your brain to think in these terms -- how do I simplify my code further and make it do more? -- but people who have done this can do amazing things.

(Alan Kay is the Willy Wonka of computing; one can restate Joe Armstrong's banana-gorilla-jungle problem more whimsically: with Smalltalk you go into the shop to buy a candy bar but end up getting the whole chocolate factory, with everything you need to make every kind of confection staffed by Oompa-Loompas and ready to go.)
> It is very much possible to co-sleep and then gradually transition them to their own bed

A counter argument (trigger warning): https://www.reddit.com/r/nursing/comments/zls30p/cosleeping/

We co-slept with our second child, but only after taking a lot of precautions.
Correct, s-strings are the general "escape hatch" to allow pass-through for things that are not yet implemented, like dialect specific functions. See the section in the PRQL Book [0] for more detail. It does make it opaque to the compiler though so the user becomes responsible for ensuring symbol names are valid and accessible in the scope.

[0]: https://prql-lang.org/book/language-features/s-strings.html
As the article states:

>While many of those answers will feel obvious for many people, they are not necessarily so for a substantial share of the population.

Personally, I agree with all of these answers and find them obvious. Whether or not the majority within certain regions is also in alignment, I think the article makes a fair point. In my opinion, it'd be better if it were more neutral and disinterested regarding its stances on political questions.

I predict the end result may be the opposite. Not unlike big media outlets, rather than one common neutral model we're probably just going to have a bunch of different biased models. As a dramatic example, GPT-4chan is a GPT-J model trained on three and a half years of posts from 4chan /pol/ and produces what you would expect (https://thegradient.pub/gpt-4chan-lessons/).

Although I doubt anything that extreme will become super mainstream, one could imagine right-leaning alternatives popping up largely as a response to OpenAI; both open and closed source. They'll probably be framed as "desanitized", "non-PC", "non-woke", or "uncucked" rather than "right-leaning".
That PRQL is not composable makes it —- so far as I can see —- mostly an alternative syntax.

What I’d personally really appreciate is the ability to split queries up into individuality testable and reusable parts. I think that’d be game changing because suddenly large sql code bases become manageable.
Hrm. Try downtown Hamburg sometime. By that I mean the parts within the former city walls. Feels rather dead to me in the late evenings and nights. And not many people live there. Almost all commercial and office space.
Then you would be muting also alarms. You can configure complex setup and what not, with some sounds buzzing and some not, but people want one button solution and simplicity (for good reasons).
Ask HN: SendGrid account closed without warning, am I doing something sketchy?
SendGrid’s position seems like such a “gotcha” that I feel like I must be missing something.

The account was closed due to inactivity. I’m not sure why that’s a reason to close it, but I agree it didn’t get much use, just the occasional request for a password reset link. I logged in to find out why a password reset email didn’t go out and found my account had been deactivated.

SendGrid didn’t provide any notice that the account was in danger of being deactivated. Support says they don’t provide any warning when accounts are scheduled for closure due to inactivity. The only way to see it is to log in and notice the warning banner at the top of your dashboard. I’m not sure why a person would need to log in when everything seems to be working well.

The really confusing part is I’ve been told the account can’t be reopened because it has been deactivated too long. Support says that they would have been able to help if I had contacted them within 30 days. From my perspective today is day 1.

SendGrid’s policies seem geared toward getting the account closed down for good. The best explanation I can think of my account got flagged for abuse somehow. No clue why it would be flagged, though… I don’t _think_ I’m doing anything sketchy. Am I overlooking something obvious?
In my decades of experience in telco, capital markers, and core banking, unexplained latency spikes of hundreds of ms are usually analyzed to death as they can have ripple effects. I’ve had 36 hour severity 1 incidents with multiple VPs taking notes on 24/7 conference calls when a distributed system starts showing latency spikes in the 400ms range.

No, the system isn’t going haywire, but 200-400ms is concerning inside a datacenter for core apps.

But let’s forget IT apps, let’s talk about the network. In a network 200ms is catastrophic.

Presumably you know BGP is the very popular distributed system that converges Internet routes?

Inside a datacenter the Bidirectional Forwarding Protocol (BFD) is used to drop BGP convergence times to be sub-second if you’re using it as an IGP. BFD is also useful with other protocols but anyway. It has heartbeats of 100-300ms. If there’s a fluctuation of the network 3x that interval, it will drop the link and trigger a round of convergence. This is essential in core networks or telco 4G/5G transport networks.

Of course, flapping can be the consequence of setting too low an interval. Tradeoffs.

Back to the original point, I’ve contributed to the code of equity and bond trading apps, telco apps, core banking systems. And cloud/Kubernetes systems. All RPC distributed systems. Every. Single. One. That performed well… For 30 years! Has enabled TCP_NODELAY. Except when serving up large amounts of streaming data. And the reason fundamentally is that most of the time you have less control over client settings (delayed TCP acks), so it’s easier to control the server.
> more left leaning and libertarian views

Left leaning sure, but absolutely not libertarian in the Bay Area. It’s a stronghold of big government ideas like UBI, state healthcare, etc. Democrats consistently receive 90%+ of the vote and the ones that do win are standard big federal government supporters.

Nobody who works on OpenAI is likely to be an out-of-the-closet libertarian. So it’s not really a surprise that it would be configured to spew orthodoxy of the California liberal.
lol, but then why didn't SW run into this huge mess years ago, or decades ago?

They have, like clockwork.

https://www.cbsnews.com/news/southwest-airlines-computer-out...

https://www.globaldatavault.com/blog/southwest-airlines-avoi...

Southwest Airlines flights across the country were held up Wednesday while the airline
worked to fix technology problems. … Last October, an outage caused about 800 Southwest flights
to be delayed and forced employees to issue tickets and boarding passes by hand.

Southwest is blaming a faulty router, which it says prompted a widespread network system
failure; a technology crash pegged as the worst in the airline’s history. The reservation
system was knocked offline, planes were grounded across the nation, and the outage took four
full days to resolve.

https://www.usatoday.com/story/travel/flights/2019/02/22/sou...

Southwest Airlines suffered a computer outage early Friday
that temporarily grounded flights across the country, adding
to a string of recent flight woes at the airline..

https://www.wlrn.org/news/2021-06-15/southwest-airlines-resu...

A nationwide weather data outage disrupted Southwest
Airlines flights Monday night, causing long delays for
some passengers across the country. The company blamed the
problem on issues with Southwest's third-party weather data
provider.

As for the 2022 meltdown:

The problem this time around is that Southwest suffers from
the same labor shortage as all other airlines in the industry,
and it's this labor shortage that led to their other
deficiencies from biting them in the ass. Unfortunately,
culture can't solve a crisis when there simply aren't
enough people to "band together."

Nonsense. Arguably Southwest needs more staff because its operations are so archaic, however Southwest had plenty of ramp rats and crew. The problem was Southwest had no idea where its crew actually were or what they were doing. The CEO can't charm their way out of that nor can they simply throw bodies at the problem.

Speaking of culture, the rugged individualism is absolutely a problem but that's still a Herb thing. Up north Sunwing is having massive operational problems but they were willing to charter planes to aid in recovery.
Had a very recent XPS and it is a hard no.
I've seen worse and it was some Acer from 15 years ago.
For example, the guy who said Google's LaMDA model was conscious was subtly influencing the model with loaded questions. The model picked up on the trend and played the role. Language models can infer your expectations from just a few words and then latch onto them. It's what they are trained to do, literally - take a prompt and write a continuation. They are not trained to oppose the prompt.

Now, this can be very dangerous, so OpenAI tried to add a final fine-tuning that will sanitise the responses. This is why we get the yada yada disclaimer sometimes. But underneath it's the same language model that is influenced by the prompt to say anything, as evidenced by the thousands of hacks.

The model has all the biases you can imagine, but it needs to know which ones you want every time. In this sense we cannot say it is biased. It is "just following orders".

As a proof that the model has all the biases, look here.

> GPT-3 has biases that are “fine-grained and demographically correlated, meaning that proper conditioning will cause it to accurately emulate response distributions from a wide variety of human subgroups.”

What do you think they did? Simulated a political poll with language models instead of people.

https://jack-clark.net/2022/10/11/import-ai-305-gpt3-can-sim...
I use arch wih a 6th gen thinkpad X1 Carbon, it's the best system I ever used. I had some wear of the charging cable and the audio port in 4 years.
The king likely didn't get up at 6am
Thanks for the feedback! Was that you I was just racing? :)
If I remember my college set theory correctly, this is because there are infinite infinities.

2+2+2+… is a different infinity than 2+1+2+1+…

You can construct infinite sets of numbers that do not overlap. Odd vs. Even infinity is the example our professor used in class to show the concept. I don’t remember enough to replicate here.
Agreed. I've been mentored into the Elixir world while 100% remote. I paired all the time at first, and then I posted questions in my companies "help me".

I've mentored another co-worker (JS dev) through the wild world of rails and DBA.

Heaps of universities have transitioned to online classes, so we can't say it's not possible, or even hard.
Actually they were using floating point sexagesimals (base 60), where the exponent was usually not written, but understood from the context.
Could you provide some examples of non trivial SQL queries expressed as PRQL and then what PRQL actually produces as a result?

As others have suggested, I do wonder how optimal the translation is for non trivial cases because that often matters both for cost and performance reasons.
What if Chrome had other bug that you can't work around? Users just would have to update it. It is that simple.
I lack the self-control!
Thanks for this reply.
What I find specially annoying is that the TCP client and the servers starts by a synchronization round-trip which is supposed to be used to synchronise options and this isn't the case here!
Why can't the client and the servers agree on a sensible set of options (no delayed ack if the client is using the Nagle algorithm)??
I think this is a bit of a red herring. ULIDs are not meant as a replacement for a lamport timestamp or something. The accuracy to the millisecond would only be correctly ordered if the clocks were perfectly synchronized anyway. I interpret the purpose of the timestamp based id as allowing denser clustering in b-trees vs random key data, and that’s about it. The timestamp can only be used as a relative ordering when processing multiple events from the same client, and even then not completely (client clock could change).
In order to need compass, I will need to lose 5 GPS devices in the plane, 2 portable GPS (iPad and iPhone), 2 VORs, ADF, radar (yes it can be used for navigation), and 3 radios (ask for vectors). No I don’t care about compass or it’s accuracy.

Edit: forgot 2 HSIs ;)
Lynch mobs have always existed.
That can also take a while, and it isn’t as easy to view the values side by side. Excel is simpler (although way less capable) a lot of the time
I don't think the young want to sit in open offices any more than the old. The extraverts perhaps, but when I was young I hated working in an office almost as much as I hated the train/bus I needed to ride to get there.
Hehe yes, the API was called something with named pipes IIRC. I created a GUI in Delphi that could spoof net send sender and used it at LANs and school.
Since the parent comment mentions science maybe I can get a response to my scientific observation.

I do not think they are constantly told this. This is my first interaction with a tarot believing person online. I wrote my comment with the hope that I can learn their scientific approach to tarot. If not, what makes them believe it is even remotely real.
My book is expansive and includes many descriptions for behavior past "classical debate" and "cancellation". She doesn't appear to be suggesting they should be boycott or deplatformed in any way. Even taking the most negative view, which i think would be something like she was trying to get her 'woke army' to harass these guys, that's not what cancellation is/cancel culture is. That wouldn't mean trying to send your followers to attack folk isn't gross behavior.

>if you want to have a real debate

It's easy to make a list of things that you take away from how earnestly you can take people, especially online. I'm not sure why someone would balk at "fanatic" but think "woke army" is a particularly earnest discussion stimulating term. Of the two, I've heard woke used disparagingly, with political motivations, far more often than the other in recent times. Similarly, calling people you disagree with your opponents, or suggesting that when they talk to you about a topic, it's re-education while when you do it, it's debate.
The high energy prices are not because of the war but because of the sanctions regime. The thing is, sanctions basically never end. It's impossible to lift them. We still have sanctions against Cuba since 1962. No one even cares about Cuba anymore. The sanctions against Iran remain in place since 1979, and have only ever gotten stricter. Same for Syria, which we began to sanction in 1986. It's called "the sanctions escalator", because it only ever moves up. New sanctions are now being introduced against China.

There is no reason to think that, after the war is over, the sanctions will be lifted. I mean, why would they be lifted? Europe is not going to return to Russia the assets that were frozen/seized or start wanting to trade with Russia -- or vice versa -- moreover there are already new pipelines and trade agreements made within Eurasia that exclude Europe as a market for energy.

This is a permanent change ushering in a new cold war and a new multipolar world, where it's going to be hard (but not impossible) for commodities to cross bloc boundaries. Russia's commodities are going to be flowing east and south, Saudi Arabia's will be flowing mostly to China, while North American commodities will be staying mostly in North America.

After permanently and irreparably rupturing the previous trade relationships, Europe is going to have to become more energy independent, and I think they realize now that the previous energy dependence they had was a strategic weakness for them. They will need to learn to do with less energy at least until they ramp up domestically produced replacements such as nuclear or renewables + storage.
I would disagree with this statement. The (earlier) history of Forth was that the original inventor would be contracted to implement it on new machines. That it took forever to spawn any kind of interest outside of his commercial activity speaks to Forths practical limitations i.e. every installation becomes a new, extremely opinionated language and we all know the aphorism about opinions.
On the other hand, typeof NaN === 'number'
This is probably a preference thing (and scale is likely an important factor) and can never be definitively answered, but I find that denormalising data such as SSO ID's into a third table comes at the cost of slightly more complex code and more boilerplate if you've got a caching model, I used to denormalise to this level but have now gone back to putting it all into a fairly wide user table as a short string field is also very cheap.
An M1 for Curl
You used 22 unique words and 25 unique characters in that comment. None of them are original. Did you have the consent and pay the creators (or their ancestors) of all of those creations before posting this?
> Vim is a Brain Tool to Type at the Speed of Thought

Totally agree on this one. The human thinking is so much faster than physical operations.

Sometimes we think something, and we want to type it out, but we're already so far down that we start missing words. I see it in a lot of people's comments here and other platforms, that their sentences just misses a few words.
On computers, it's usually an even number.

In fact, all numbers larger than 2^24 (FP32) or 2^54 (FP64) are even numbers.
Ask HN: A way to search for how a website was created
I often find myself wondering what or if a framework was used to create a specific website and it would be pretty neat to be able to just put a url into a search field and see that. I end up trying to figure it out from the source but that's difficult unless it's like WordPress or WIX...

I even use view-source: from the phone quite a lot...

If there's no website maybe you could drop some tips about unique things specific frameworks use?