skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> The notion that NAND is the "most basic level" required for digital computation is widespread, but a lower level exists, and this is it.

It's not quite the same I think. With NAND you only need the NAND. With transistors you need two kinds of transistors, N-channel and P-channel, or a transistor and a pull-up/down resistor.

That is, you need one device that conducts with "1" as input, and one that conducts with "0" as input. In this Doom circuit he has a device with both functions built into one device, one side opens on "1", the other opens on "0".

This implementation actually reminds me more of "Petri nets" and asynchronous logic. I wonder if using techniques from that domain would be useful for implementing circuits in Doom.
> There’s been 12 updates to Teslas in the last month OTA

That's not something I would ever want for my car. I don't want my vehicle to be at the end of someone's CI/CD pipeline. I would much prefer say a quarterly cadence of rigorously tested, solid new releases. But, that's more expensive and harder to do, so hardly anyone's doing that anymore for non-critical software.
China allows western social networks abided with its domestic laws, and so does US. They just have different laws.
If you want to learn to create sounds from scratch then maybe you should try a virtual modular synthesizer like VCVRack. It allows you to connect oscillators, filters, envelope generators together with patch cables.

If you want lower-level stuff and program a synth manually, then you can try PureData, but it might be too low-level for you and require dealing with math equations and algorithms. Also, its GUI is a little outdated.

If you want to know how certain sounds are created, you can look for tutorials or Youtube videos. Or you can take any virtual synthesizer, choose the preset you like and see how it's made. You can disable units one by one and see how it changes the sound. For example, you can take Dexed or Surge, both of which are free.

Of course, beforehands you have to learn the basics (what kind of waves are there, what is a spectrum, an envelope, how filters work and so on).

Regarding music theory, I think that tracker or 8-bit music uses standard notes and chords and you don't need any special music theory for it. Also if you can hear the notes then it will help you a lot. A good ear is important because it helps you to hear what is wrong with the sound and how to fix it.

Also, a desktop DAW like Ableton (which is recommended by neighbour comment) might be easier to use than a tracker.

Also, you can listen to the melodies you like and reverse-engineer them, if they are available in a tracker or MIDI format.
As someone who started out at a help desk, this method definitely doesn't work for people for some unfixable reasons:

- people forget

- you can't remember dozens of passwords without a system, and having a system is bad, and almost everyone has dozens of passwords

- this still doesn't help you when a provider (like your ISP or credit card company) is hacked, and since you're probably using some kind of system or the same password in lots of places for ease of memorization, you're hugely at risk

These discussions basically end up speedrunning to "everything is a magic link email" a la Slack (once you filter out the mob pushing their fave password manager), which more and more services are moving to. It's nice because:

- you don't store passwords

- you have no password recovery flow (or, you could also say you only have password recovery flow, but your users never actually set a password)

- your users can't forget their passwords

- it's pretty much just as secure as your email, which is probably gmail, which is fine

I think you get downvoted because your method isn't broadly applicable. I don't doubt it works for you--and I'll side note that I'm old enough to remember actually remembering things like phone numbers and what-not--and that we could all probably use some practice remembering. I'll also say that it's probably the case that most "accounts" are just to harvest your email address to spam you or track you and sell your info to marketers, so a system with some built in back pressure on adding an account is useful in that sense. But if we geek ambassadors go out there and tell people "just remember dozens of passwords or you're asking to be hacked" we're inviting them to spend a lot of time with customer service and in forgot password flows.
To elaborate on point: "Great, the WASM-SMB server didn't crash the kernel, it can ONLY exfiltrate every single file it has access to, which is every important file because it is a file server. But don't worry, your /etc/shadow is safe!"

And of course obligatory XKCD: https://xkcd.com/1200/

I'm happy most HN users don't make anything security-important...
Ask HN: Explain your daily job to your family
How would you explain to your family what's your day-to-day job as software engineer / SRE?
> Also, once you used NixOS for a little while, it's very hard to go back to, let's say, Debian, Ubuntu, or Archlinux : manually configuring things in multiple configuration files in /etc seems really primitive.

I don't use nixos, but I use ansible to configure my desktop and homeserver environments. Completely different approach but same result in the end.

I am aware than Nix has so many other benefits but I'm talking about configuration management in particular.
> 1. Tesla has heavily invested in robotics. They will be able to build cars much cheaper than their competitors.

Wasn't this proven wrong a bunch of times? Especially back with the Model 3 delivery issues and the "build in a tent" thing? There was an entire period where their delivery woes were blamed on them trying to automate stuff that wasn't worth it or couldn't really be made reliable.

And by the way, if you think Toyota isn't investing in robotics and hasn't been for decades, I have a bridge in Bucharest to sell you ;-)

> 2. Tesla has long-term lithium delivery contracts. They will be able to pay far less for their batteries while the prices for their competitors will massively increase

This would be interesting to read about, do you happen to have a link?

> There is also the self-driving car race. Whoever wins that will take almost all profits. With Twitter, Musk doesn't look too good in the software department right now. However, if you ignore Google, then Tesla still has a chance to win.

Let's discount self-driving cars for the next decade when evaluating any company, I'd say. The tech just isn't there yet.
Exploring the Top Internet Trends of 2022 with Cloudflare Radar's Year in Review
This is hilarious:

> Initially, he had started trying to replace the ksmbd server, but that turned out to not be an ideal project.

if only he perservered...
Thanks! That’s actually where this project started. The synth part was added to get some meaning to it :)
Tesla sells luxury vehicles (by world standards) and there are only so many people who can afford them.

Either Tesla stops growing at this rate, or they will have to "stoop" to cars costing $15k, in which case their profit margins will drop like a rock.
Arithmetic, Population and Energy – A Talk by Al Bartlett [video]
The overhead would make it not worth it, you'd be better off just running it in userspace.

WASM started to become equivalent of "just rewrite it in Rust" here...
> provided scrolling floors

Duke3D's Build Engine?
The more I hear this stuff the more I write things in Go with no external dependencies pulled in. I can do 95% of what I need to do without involving a supply chain or downloading anything random off the internet other than the go distribution itself.
> Why does the US have such poor consumer protection?

European snark: Because "muh freedumb!!!" should also apply to businesses because businesses are people, Citizens United has proven that.

Reality: because consumer protection laws can cost businesses quite a lot of profit, so they do everything they can to lobby for lax consumer protection. An entire party's ideology boils down to a "lean government" model where the government only does the bare minimum to keep the lights running and private companies do everything else.

> If the banks are so universally unpopular, and provide such terrible service, how is this not a political issue?

It is, but banks have completely bought off Congress by donations.

> note that you don't pay overdraft fees unless you have an overdraft

Banks have been accused of manipulating the order of account credit and debit transactions to artificially generate overdraft fees for over a decade [1][2], and Wells Fargo was embroiled in many years of court battles to keep that cash cow alive [3].

[1] https://www.forbes.com/sites/halahtouryalai/2012/02/22/are-b...

[2] https://www.forbes.com/sites/halahtouryalai/2013/06/11/yes-b...

[3] https://cointelegraph.com/news/wells-fargo-could-take-overdr...
Yes. But good for business. And for 3 letter agencies.
Is there anyway to know what the actual ancestor looked like? Thanks to HGT isn’t it pretty difficult to determine when a gene entered the ancestral line?
It's no surprise this teacher struggles. Some young people would choose
to lose a finger rather than their phone [1]. In a similar study a few
even said they'd prefer a pet or relative died than give up the phone.

The "excuses" that the article highlights are just a few examples that
float to the top of a deep swamp of hilarious responses I've heard.

They are similar to the old "why I didn't hand-in my homework"
excuses, being highly creative, florid and dressed in passionately
over-egged "sincerity". Suddenly dying relatives, packs of wild dogs,
bizarre car accidents and robberies... I didn't realise my students
had such interesting movie-plot lives until they need an excuse not to
put their phone away.

We must heed what it means that people will rationalise, fantasise,
feign offence, bullshit, say anything to justify their unique and
special need not to comply.

Fact is, those people are profoundly, perhaps irrevocably, addicted
to smartphones. It is not the sort of thing one teacher, one school or
even a city can challenge. We need broad societal recognition of the
problem.

[1] https://www.psychologytoday.com/intl/blog/artificial-maturit...
usa armed forces still require all the convoluted rules (unless a key is used instead of a password)
Why does a dog bark? It's just in my nature I guess.
To be honest I am wondering what these people did not understand about terminals?

A terminal is not meant to resemble graphical UIs with all those whistles and bells! Looks like I am the only one who is wondering :D ;)
Noob here. How bad is this? AES256 is essentially uncrackable no? I think I want to move off LastPass anyway to 1password.

What's best way? I assumes steps are to: 1. Import lastpass stuff into 1password. Rotate all passwords?
I stopped reading at the password length isn’t password strength part. This goes against NIST guidelines and is opinion. Just follow NIST password guidelines guys.
Again, MNIST is not Drosophilia of deep learning.
For deep learning, it is a trivial. And often misleading, a noticed by François Chollet:

> Many good ideas will not work well on MNIST (e.g. batch norm). Inversely many bad ideas may work on MNIST and no[t] transfer to real [computer vision].

It might be considered Drosophilia of machine learning, though. Take a look at this beautiful table of the results of various classifiers http://yann.lecun.com/exdb/mnist/.
> decease

That one makes passwords vanish from ones memory quite effectively.
I'm considering building a Java compatible VM that only has static memory allocation to avoid GC.

Why hasn't this been done by anyone yet?

Also confused why this does not have a binary windows release yet: https://github.com/bytecodealliance/wasm-micro-runtime

Edit: Epsilon is not the answer here you can stop mentioning that.
I was able to vastly simplify password requirements in a medium sized US company after appealing to the NIST standard.
If I understood you correctly, there's a Chrome accessibility feature that you should check out: https://support.google.com/chrome/answer/10538231

Think of it as YouTube's auto-generated captions, but on a browser level.
There was a time where I would have bought an Ioniq 5 Limited (When the credit was still applicable and my used car was worth more) but couldn't find one anywhere. I was willing to pay a mild markup (which many dealers near me where charging).
Ask HN: Best places to get technical help?
Reply - If I have a problem with <technology> a good place to read/learn about it is <resource>, the best place to ask questions(forum) is <resource>.

Hopefully this makes sense.

I'm currently working on a project that has snowballed into many technologies that I have a reasonably shallow understanding of. It would be great to know where to find answers and ask questions more generally.

I don't want to limit responses to just my problems though so feel free to contribute anything you think fits this format. I'm particurality interested in finding the active communities around technologies and where they hang out.

An opinionated example from me would be:
ROS (robot operating system), the construct sim, ros discourse

If anyone could inform me of some good Postgres resources that would also be awesome.
I love how you're listing Rivian, Lucid, NIO, but you're completely discounting the company that has invested tens of billions of euros into an EV platform, and will invest tens of billions of euros more over the next few years.

VW.

FYI, Mercedes, BMW, Hyundai/Kia are also building huge EV platforms. I don't have sales numbers for them, but I imagine all of them are already selling tens of thousands if not hundreds of thousands of EVs, each.

Maybe they're not sold in the US? That would explain some of the comments here.
Never let a good crisis, ehm opportunity, go wasted.
The compiler cares, and bash will happily mess up your file system. Programmers should atleast care about spelling.
> To "fall back" to using patterns automatically just because an exact match couldn't be found is a massive footgun

We make malware [1]. How do you expect we install it when this feature is disabled ? /s

[1] just joking, but see npm for what can happen.
My comment is mostly because I believe self driving will not solve the mobility problem at all. "in the future, all traffic congestions will be of self driving electric cars" is a way of thinking it.
Better still than shooting other friendlies. That being said, one has to start somewhere.
Bad behavior is a huge issue. The only reason we pay for private school is because our school is allowed to counsel out misbehaved students. Our studious, obedient daughter would never get equal attention from her teachers in a typical public school.
I still have my first gen iPod Touch. It’s still hooked up to my grandmother’s early 1970s stereo. I even bought the upgrade to iPhone inbuilt apps. (Memory escapes me right now.)
Ah, thanks for the correct term. I am not sure the specification is open enough for other operating systems to support it, which is what I meant.

Among my acquaintances, I can count Apple users on a single hand (<1% of the people I know), which severly limits the usefulness of the network.

There's OWL [1] which looks promising on Linux. I hope Android devices can get something soon. I'm still a bit confused by how Linux drives Wi-Fi radio, and what is and isn't implementable in software: could older Android devices gain support for NAN and OWL through a software update? What about old computers with old Wi-Fi cards?

I first got aware of Wi-Fi NAN by chatting with neilalexander on #yggdrasil:matrix.org :)

It looks promising for advertising capabilities to nearby hosts, allowing to negotiate p2p connections.

[1]: https://owlink.org/
Nix makes it really simple and easy to manage several machines. Builds are declarative and reproducible. For my homelab I’ve setup a git repo with config for several VMs: Plex, Bitwarden, torrents, Samba shares, etc. Deploying is as simple as pushing a new commit and then triggering a rebuild on a specific host.

NixOS builds in “generations”. This morning I managed to screw up something and it bricked a VM. No worries, just restart the VM, boot into the previous working generation. Fix my Nix config, commit and push, rebuild again. Easy. I love it for managing my personal stuff.

What I don’t like about Nix? The Nix language kind of sucks, has a steep learning curve, and lacks decent language tooling (LSP etc). If you’re on the beaten path everything is rosy, but as soon as you need to configure something or build a package that no one else has done before, it feels like you need to reverse-engineer Nix just to figure out how to do fairly basic tasks.
Valgrind too - only applicable to userspace processes and it would have caught this UAF.
Don't trust people you don't know with your secrets...why do you even think they encrypt anything (trust?), in the real world you would never be that ignorant right?
It isn’t a Pyrrhic victory, the open source community isn’t harmed if Sony takes the code and doesn’t contribute back. Is it selfish of Sony? Sure. But it doesn’t harm the project, it just fails to help.

The open source community is in the end just a bunch of developers who share their solutions to help each other out. If other parties copy their stiff, it doesn’t make the open source community’s problems un-solved.

The year of Linux on the desktop would be a total nightmare, can you imagine a bunch of non-technical bug reports and feature requests hitting all these mostly volunteer projects? What a mess.
A few things that are nice about it once you've "nixified" your project

- Locally reproducible CI builds and tests

- Sharable developer environments/shells

- Extremely fast and efficient Docker image generation

- Composability with other projects that use Nix. It's trivial to add dependencies.

- Not dealing with VMs like you do with Docker

There is a lot more if you use NixOS and make your whole operating system functional and declarative, but I think that's more of a niche.

Why is it popular now? I'm not sure. It still has a steep learning curve (and rough edges) but over the last 1-2 years it has perhaps gotten to a point where the documentation and examples are plentiful enough that more people are willing to try it out. Also, MacOS support has improved (but still kind of sucks) and the new flake system is more intuitive than the old nix files.
More taxes = more power to people who decide how tax system is designed (there are many, many examples where big companies get away with literally not paying taxes)
More money to redistribute = more power to people who decide who will get money and who won't, all those "government investments" are filled with corruption.
Not to mention smaller things like ordering friend's company to create report on how spend tax payer's money, of course the report costs millions of dollars and says nothing.
Well, many open source developers are quite content with making their software freely accessible without expectation of monetary gain. In fact some are strongly opposed to it (see uBlock Origin maintainer). And that’s ok too!
Winter storm in US and Canada will bring frostbite within minutes
You can catch std::bad_alloc in C++, too. That's not my point. Especially because destructors free immediately (not wait for GC) I would expect C++ to handle this as a language much better than Java.

But when memory pressure is high you can get killed at any time. E.g. on Linux the OOM killer might decide that it's best for the system that your process dies, even if you've not done memory allocations or needed to page fault for hours.

IIRC OpenBSD doesn't overcommit memory, but in my experience its system stability is much worse when memory is low.
It is actually a pretty good article and I learnt quite a bit. Thanks for taking the time to write it. The only two things I would add are that, unlike Java, the industry has rallied unanimously behind it (in the 90s it was Java vs .NET and Applets vs ActiveX, etc.) and the big difference that Wasm comes pre-integrated in the browser, has a focus on security and is a proper W3C standard. Everything else that came before it felt like some after-the-fact bolt-on (Flash, Applets, etc.) and had big security issues and often got out of sync with browser releases
That's not how boycotts work. If enough people do it you can be sure that Musk will notice, it is the cumulative effect of individual actions that are at the root of a successful boycott.
ntfy is a Gotify alternative. It has an iOS app, but it still relies on Apple's push service, as it cannot open a persistent backgroung connection due to iOS restrictions.
Also as a side note, let's talk of the (delivery) address.

In the EU, it is very probable that if you are registering for buying something on a "national" site (as an example a .de or a .it, particularly when the site is also only in German or Italian) you want the stuff sent to a national address.

The drop-down list almost invariably is alphabetically ordered, and contains all states in the world, i.e. it starts with Afghanistan, and often on mobile/touch these lists are not particularly easy to scroll.

It is a little thing, but still putting a pre-selected default for the state where you send like 99.999% of orders might smooth a little the attrition.
Love it. Was the thumbs up / thumbs down intentional? I'm guessing so scrolled to make it a thumbs up.
You grossly underestimate the power and capacity of the US industrial machine if you think that.
It is stuff like this that answers the question: What could possibly go wrong?

Great catch (for the author) and thanks for the explanation (for the parent).
That's like saying "we already have great uses for oxygen, like oxyacetylene welding". Cryptography is used in everything.
As a teen I had this idea to make a polyglot server that makes the same data accessible over different protocols, and I tried to be creative. I had FTP working fully, HTTP mostly, IMAP to an extend, and a very rough IRC prototype before I lost interest. This was vb6 in the late 90s iirc, so no protocol libraries and a rather limited language when it comes to parsing and string handling.

All these protocols were made to give you a view on a simple directory tree with files in it. FTP was obvious as that's just what the protocol is for. For HTTP it felt a bit like cheating since I had to create directory listings in HTML which didn't feel pure. Also it only had read access. Same for IMAP. It worked well as you could map directories onto folders and the file content was the mail body. IRC was where it got weird; with channels you only got one level of directories, the files were users on those channels that you could say something to on the channel, and they'd DCC you the file contents. It crashed some clients though when the filenames were too long...

Some database protocol would've been interesting too I guess.

Also, the server listened on one port only and looked at the incoming data to determine the protocol, which I also thought back then was pretty 1337.
> an important part of democracy is the right of self-determination

You need to check again the definition of democracy. This self-determination fairy tale has been repeated a thousand times but is still false.

> should a national majority be able to force a local majority to give up their way of life / national independence / raison d'etre?

Hum, yeeees? This is exactly the point of having a central government making the laws for the entire nation
The creator and driving force behind Corteza - Planet Crust, has released a new point release of the open-source low-code, rapid application development, business process and integration platform.
> somewhat overpriced and volatile stock

Understatement of the century.

https://wolfstreet.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/US-Tesla-m...

Keep in mind that the stack of companies on the right makes 30-50 times more cars than Tesla.

This was from 2021 but I imagine it's not hugely different in 2022.