skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> German "Auslaenderfeindlichkeit" won't help either.

I think this is a unfair generalization. Positivity towards migrants in Germany is above EU average:

https://www.economist.com/graphic-detail/2018/07/25/european...

So while there is for sure xenophobia in Germany, I would not say that it is particularly a German thing.

11% of the current Bundestag members have a migration background (names and looks as well), which is lower than the share in the population, but the number is growing with each election. It seems like social mobility for migrants exists in Germany.

> Where else than Canada can you find the highest number of taxi/Uber drivers with a law/medical degree?

Foreign law degrees would be pretty useless in Germany or Canada or most other countries, even if they were more accepted. A better example may be physicists driving taxi while there are not enough science teachers in schools.

Of course equivalent education should be more accepted where possible, but when it comes to medical staff or other safety-critical jobs, I expect people to be at least well-tested before they can start to work as a doctor in Germany. There are countries where degrees can be bought for money, while Germany indeed has pretty high (and famous) standards for safety. Many wealthy foreigners come to Germany for surgeries.
Not in research myself but my SO is a 6th year PhD student among many other data points.
Your goals seem awesome but I didn’t get the impression you want to pursue physics research - just that you like science/physics and want to go deeper.
My opinion/suggestion would be to look into a Masters program first - (my background is in engineering in the US so not sure if it’s different with physics) but I’ve known multiple people in various STEM field who’ve extended their Masters into a PhD.

Conversely you could always “master out” of a PhD program if that’s what fits/a possibility but again you haven’t mentioned anything like “I want to be a professor/do research at a national lab” etc

Certainly not trying to dissuade you from anything and I find your post inspiring. Best of luck and hope you find what you’re looking for

Edit: kind of went on a tangent rather than focusing on the original question. If financials are not a huge part of the question I think your profile would make for a good graduate student. There is precedence for success among people I’ve known with similar age/educational profiles. If ones’ goal is to become a faculty member that’s more subject to chance
Because it depends on string encoding to define length. Let's say you have a UTF-8 string that stores emoji, what would the length be? You have the binary length (that is, up to 7 in the emoji example as it could store up to 7 bytes), or you have the canonical length (which is 1 because we have 1 visible emoji symbol).

Thus the concept of string length itself already depends on different types of string. Unless it is strictly defined like Java and Rust do, you can't be sure what to store in the prefix. And even that makes string interoperability still exceedingly hard.

That's why I have a question though: Why don't people design a "small string" to prepend just one unsigned byte into the string as a fast path to check length? This operation will thus be O(1) if you have a string length less than 255, and if it hits 255/-1, we can determine that it is a long string and fallback to do null check. Other than the stale string issue (which means the actual length does not respect the stoted length) I found no more major issues with that.

Side note: The aforementioned encoding problem gets serious with regards to database collation. Far as I know, Redis used binary collation while other DBMS will need user to determine a default collation, most likely Latin-1.

> There’s an argument that taking a substring off a C string a) can be done without allocating a copy b) can be done with pure pointer manipulation. In practice though I’m not sure how critical that case is.

You can't. What if the original data mutated? To take a substring off a C string without copy in practice, you will at least need a copy-on-write data structure. In some system however this can be done with virtual memory by issuing page fault to redirect to the same source memory. In theory you should use something like a Rope [1] or trie or even some Clojure persistent vector black magic that God knows what the hell is that about [2]

[1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rope_%28data_structure%29?wpro...

[2]: https://hypirion.com/musings/understanding-persistent-vector...
Replace this with no cloud device and I am fine with that. I have ALOT of "smart devices". None of them are connected to the cloud. If I want to control my house, I connect to it via VPN. If my house wants to contact me, it uses pushover.
Not sure if I will still do this when I am "old" but I might ;).
> they made a very simple but powerful scheme that doesn't in fact infringe on users rights

This is straight up false in the standard model where protocols are what mediates between otherwise-independent parties.

If a remote party can verify the software I am running on my machine against my wishes, that creates a security vulnerability that prevents me from running software of my choice.
By itself, the essay that is written isn't the goal. One doesn't make students write essays just for the sake of writing essays.

Instead, essays are intended as a measure of three other skills - the ability to write, the ability to synthesize knowledge, and lastly, the general structure of the knowledge.

The ability to write - and write clearly - is an important skill that if one reads Reddit posts or Stack Overflow questions enough you can see where it is lacking. It is important to write in a way that provides the information to other humans. Using correct grammar, complete sentences, and proper vocabulary.

Likewise, writing up a bug report isn't something that you can ask GPT to do for you. I will rail about poorly written Jira titles and descriptions that fail to have the necessary information presented clearly... and comments that aren't helpful either.

I've been given a set of products and instructed to write up a comparison grid for how well I expect the product to be able to fulfill a certain requirement. This is done by going out and reading the product specifications and features, and a few customer issues to see what problems people have with them.

The difference between that and the world history question back in high school on "compare and contrast the political structure of two countries on opposite sides of WWII" and needing to go into the library and look up information beyond what the history book had in it is not that significant; rather its the same set of skills.

And finally, the general structure of the knowledge from high school. Understanding the international political tensions that are in the news is something that has its foundations in world history class. What was the Great Game? When did India get its independence? What happened with the collapse of the Soviet Union (that was actually current events rather than history at the time)? How did yellow journalism impact the Spanish American war, and what parallels does that have in today's media?

Being ignorant of the past 200 years of American (or whatever nation you are reading this from ... and for that matter, the history of civilization going back another few thousand years) leads to a myopic and self centered view of the world today. The lack of this understanding is in turn leading to an increase in nationalism and the increased strife that that brings.

So yes, cheating on high school world history with GPT is a problem. Beyond not learning how to put one's own thoughts to text it is also missing out on all of the practice of the process of learning and the background information for the world that we live in.
"black Friday" - what could possibly have been on sale originally when it got this name?
You're right that we're not "built" for immortality, but I see no reason why we couldn't adapt over time. The other issue is that aging is really really bad and reduces quality of life much more than nostalgia.
> These are called "pedestrian scrambles"

Oh cool, thanks for sharing! The ones I've seen in Sydney are hardly marked at all, often just some signs and diagonal green men.
> There’s an argument that taking a substring off a C string a) can be done without allocating a copy b) can be done with pure pointer manipulation. In practice though I’m not sure how critical that case is.

Rust supports the same features by storing the length of the string with the pointer. Same thing with other references to dynamically sized memory (slices).
I think your threat model is that your application wants to execute or process (signed) resources that are stored on an untrusted third-party server (or one of your servers which is compromised). You're attempting to mitigate issues with a core "service worker" app which loads and verifies the resource before executing it. IANASEAIMMHH*, but

- You're hosed if the core (service worker) app is compromised.

- Adding more layers (a "core core" "secure cached wrapper") doesn't really help. If your core can be compromised, then so can your "core core".

- You can't protect against a malicious user modifying your app; see the long, long history of copy-protection battles. This particularly applies to javascript; obfuscation doesn't work very well. Even if you could, the bad actor could run it in a modified JS engine.

- In general, don't trust the client. The most robust app model is to do all the sensitive stuff on the server, with the client code establishing encrypted sessions and submitting transaction requests. If you do sensitive stuff on the client then you are creating a distributed application which partially runs on an untrustworthy platform you do not control and cannot even examine.

- "Don't put all your eggs in one basket" does not apply to application code security. There is one egg (the "core", "core core", etc.) you must trust. Pulling some of the code out of that egg and putting it in another then means there are two eggs you must trust, and two different trust mechanisms. If you have a web app page that loads a "secure cached wrapper" which loads a "service worker" which loads a resource then you've got four things you must trust. You've got four times the surface area which can be compromised. From a security standpoint the best solution would be for the web app page to include everthing, or at least all the code. Constrain your must-trust eggs to as few baskets as possible and guard those baskets.

- Every time you load code you've introduced a security weak point. From a security footprint standpoint, a one-time-loaded Single Page Application with no external resources would be best. The more typical code-load-per-page app, loading select trusted libraries and resources--not so much. AJAX apps using Really Cool NPM Libraries are a horror show.

* I Am Not A Security Expert And It Makes My Head Hurt
Idk why anyone would pay for prime anymore. They have 1 mediocre but popular show (The Boys) and pretty much nothing else relevant. There’s a decent old movie selection, but most are rentable a la cart for $3.

And the shipping is never 2 days. I’m not even convinced it’s faster than non-prime shipping.

And certainly no one is doing it for the music service.
You may find this organization (working on extending healthy human lifespan) interesting. https://www.levf.org/

I'm not involved with that organization, but I find their work very interesting.

As a backup plan, there's Alcor. https://www.alcor.org/
> Indian summer | late summer | This term infers that Indigenous people are chronically late. While it may be innocently used to describe a beautiful time of year, it could have an unintended negative impact on those who hear it.

This one was surprising to me. I always assumed Indian summer was about summer in India lasting longer.

Apparently it really is about an American phenomenon https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_summer . Though I don't see the negative reading on the Wikipedia page.
Features:
Lightweight object state management
Open Source Project
Small App Size (~2Kb)
Easy to use with nay framework, just a callback on change

About:
AnyState is an open source programs built using Typescript (for a more secure environment).
It's about hang gliding.
Twitter blocked the NYPost and any DMs containing links to the article based on the set of advice you summarize as "reporting links to dick pics".

The emails are probably the most politically relevant, and possibly damaging, as they contain possible evidence of corrupt dealing.
Journeyperson, thank you very much.

Actually, journeyperchild.
In my opinion at least clawing desperately for more time on this world is a pretty bad idea. Say there is nothing after death, then every such advancement in life extension will create even more dread of dying because you can lose eternal life (in the ideal case). I'd personally be much more scared to live knowing that at any point I can lose possibly millions of years of experiences by dying.
Damn, I hate it when a cartel that controls what is considered popular in music in society is depowered by modern technology and more open, nominally fairer distribution methods, and when people get to choose what they want to listen to on their own whenever they want, that fucking sucks, such a downer.

People need to be told what is good, and if that definition just so happens to include my music that's fine, of course. Things like breakcore should never have been allowed to exist!
The only reason I can think to keep it secret is they want the data from button presses to inform the cycle times, although surely there are better ways.
So... you're _for_ cryopreservation? Because having it as a standard end-of-life option is the simplest way of cutting on unnecessary live prolonging procedures. You get sick, you enjoy the time you have, you get frozen. It's a win-win proposition from pretty much every point of view.
The goal of life isn't to live forever, but to create something that is.
I'm not sure why someone would even try and live forever, to fulfill ambitions?
Assuming someone is immortal, after 100 years they'd probably get bored of this world.
try having a middle-schooler with homework projects to do.
It says, at the top of the page:

The purpose of this website is to educate people about the possible impact of the words we use. Language affects different people in different ways. We are not attempting to assign levels of harm to the terms on this site. We also are not attempting to address all informal uses of language.

This website focuses on potentially harmful terms used in the United States, starting with a list of everyday language and terminology. Our "suggested alternatives" are in line with those used by peer institutions and within the technology community.
The reason software estimation is hard is that estimation is hard. We all imagine that our problems are unique and other disciplines don't have them. Software estimation is so special that no one outside of CS can possibly contribute to it.

In looking for software reasons why our estimates are bad, we ignore the glaring fact that estimates of any kind are often bad.

But they are. The reasons are psychological biases, and they're brilliantly explained by Daniel Kahneman in Thinking Fast and Slow. In the chapter The Outside View he tells the difference between the Inside view and the Outside view. In the outside view, you know nothing about the case except the class that it belongs to. In the inside view you know, or think you know, a lot about this particular project.

A short quote that summarizes it (his problem domain is a group writing a new textbook):

========================

The spectacular accuracy of the outside-view forecast in our problem was surely a fluke and should not count as evidence for the validity of the outside view. The argument for the outside-view should be made on general grounds: if the reference class is properly chosen, the outside-view will give an indication of where the ballpark is, and it may suggest, as it did in our case, that the inside-view forecasts are not even close to it.

===========================

Somehow, I'm reminded of the blindness that amateur pilots have about fatal crashes. One actually said to me, "I've looked at all those crashes, and I'm confident I wouldn't have made those mistakes." So for software disasters, we tend to shudder and say, "Hopefully nothing that terrible will happen to us."
So, what? Give up, grin as the world burns?
Latin-ex, Luh-TEEN-ex , Lah-TINKS (rhymes with sphinx), La-TIN-ex, La-teen-ish, Latin-ish.

As a descriptivist, I dont see the word going away, so I might as well figure out a way I want to say it.
> How did TPMs get these things right? To me, it seems they've gotten them direly wrong by baking in privileged keys.

Even if TPMs came with no endorsement key certificates, the platform could still trust-on-first-use the TPMs and create "privileged keys". The only way to prevent that would be to make TPMs useless.

> I don't understand your counterpoint to my (3). It's not enough for the OS to have an option to not perform remote attestation - the owner needs to have the ability to perform a mock remote attestation. Otherwise a remote party can just demand remote attestation be done, and the owners's "choice" will have been nullified.

I don't see how to do that without the party demanding attestation somehow establishing trust in your device, but that requires "privileged keys", and surely that party gets to say "no" (at least technologically; legally is another matter).

There's also a tension in that attestation is very useful for enterprise security. I.e., servers and VMs in data centers and the cloud, as well as employer-provided personal devices. Hard to get that but also make it impossible for consumer personal devices to attest. Also, users do get better security from attestation, at the cost of being at the vendors' mercy regarding walled garden lock-in. TPMs are neutral in this, enabling both, secure systems and DRM, and preventing neither.
I'm absolutely shocked that more money and time is not spent researching how to cure death by aging. (Note that for those who discuss this semi-regularly, that's understood to be very different than seeking a cure for any particular age related disease, which usually we attempt to address when it's too late.). There are groups like https://www.levf.org/ doing some early work like Robust Mouse Rejuvenation (in mid-life for mice) to try to figure out how to help us all live much longer. https://www.levf.org/projects/robust-mouse-rejuvenation-stud...
I agree that the article did not talk about racism, or at least discrimination enough. I am a german citizen of Turkish descent and work in IT. I am a native German speaker as I was born and raised in Germany. However, I had to endure countless of sublimely racist comments in many job interviews, ranging from asking where my parents came from to openly asking if I was “like one of the a-social (read: thrashy/criminal) turks”.

Even though the demand for workers in IT is high, people like me still face discrimination. I wouldn’t want to know how it is for people who don’t speak German on a native level.

Whenever I mentioned this to Germans with a brighter hue than me, they all chalk it up to some bad apples being racist. That is not the reality a lot of middle-eastern/brown looking people deal with. It impacts our day-to-day.
Negrx.
>If there were a body in the suit, it would surely turn into beef jerky.

This isn't necessarily a problem:

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=34060818

"And even if they could be bothered, the thawed would be a lab experiment, owned by whatever corporation pulled off the magic."

That feeling when you wake up from your secret space cryostasis, only to discover you're the living (?) embodiment of meat, now owned by Arby's.
I'm actually glad someone puts it into one list.

I grew up in a society that used words like "disabled" left and right, as an insult. As a child I never saw ramps for the wheelchairs, and seldom saw people on a wheelchair (only in hospitals). That was part of the culture of ostracising "different people" and making sure "normal" people don't see them.

It's still the case for mental issues though, and I have friends with kids at different levels of ASD who are literally prohibited to enter cafes so they "don't scare normal people". Using "autist" as an insult is still widespread in my country.

And I'm glad to see how this is changing. Accessibility becomes a topic of discussion and a new norm. I was glad to learn to use "people with disabilities" instead of "disabled". Somehow I felt like I'm a part of this change, undoing wrongs that were common in our society towards that group of people.

I have the same feeling towards gender pronounces. When I use "person-hours" instead of "man-hours", even if it sounds the same to me, I feel like my communication becomes a little bit better and respectful to everyone. I have no troubles learning doing something in a new way.

I also embraced "master" to "main" default branch naming switch at Github, and I like it. Main is shorter and makes more sense. Branch renaming is not painful, so why not, if it makes someone's experience a bit more pleasant.

In figure skating, for example, almost century old names of "Choctaw" and "Mohawk" steps where renamed recently to S-step and C-step, because the history of those names where rooted in the history of oppression of Indian tribes in North America. I then read a reddit comment from one of the indigenous people from skating community in Canada sharing her experience and feelings about this change - in short, she was extremely happy. There are 1.6 million people like her in Canada alone. And guess what, many coaches reported that kids where super happy too, because making sense and remembering words like "choctaw" and "mohawk" was difficult for them. "S-step" and "C-step", instead, make a lot of sense, because those steps looks exactly like S and C on the ice (hence the naming). Those names were never good.

So to me changing language is a reflection of changes in society. I understand that sometimes it can go too far, but I disagree with majority of comments here that this list is something "absolutely disgusting". I think it's fine, and serves a good purpose as a recommendation.
Right - I'd say Taichi was not designed to accelerate the entire Python codebase. In fact, since Taichi needs to run to GPUs, supporting a very wide range of dynamic features of Python would go in the opposite direction of its original goal (faster compute-intense code such as numerical simulations).

Back to the main thread, I'd say the acceleration in Python 3.11 would benefit Taichi users too - there are still parts of Taichi that runs in Python (such as constructing the AST of computation kernels), which will run faster with 3.11.
This will cause a lot of indirect access which can be a problem in the 70s-80s' because this not only requires more memory but this also requires many more operations (say like LEA) to extract a slice.

This might work fine in a bank mainframe, but is prohibitively expensive in the minicomputers back in the days.

C is written for Unix. Unix is written with minicomputers in mind. Thus C is somewhat influenced by minicomputers and has to work on their setback in the good ol' days.

You have to think in the historic context.
Yes, 60% of the money including tip (which is a cost that gets passed onto the consumer and therefore reduces ridership) seems more or less correct to me. A forum where people to go to complain about Uber/Lyft doesn’t seem like a representative enough sample to refute that.
Pure Go Implementation of the Opus Codec