skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Heroku runs a process for each application (or multiple). The first one for an application is free. But just like with GAE, they'll spin it down if it's idle long enough. So I know that if I go to a site of mine that no one has visited in months, where I'm not paying for extra instances, it'll take a few seconds to load. But having to run those free instances doesn't kill them because all but the first one for an application is paid for at 5 cents/hour, which presumable is enough margin to cover the free instances, and then some.

But they run normal applications. It started out being any Rack (Ruby web standard--Rails, Sinatra, etc) app; they've expanded into other languages now, but it's always some open framework that they're running for you, not something they own and keep proprietary. They give you a normal Postgres database. There are a few restrictions that you might not have on your own hosting (like a read-only filesystem). But you could basically take an app running on Heroku, install a webserver and Rails, install Postgres, make sure any config you had was the same, and run it.

Another huge advantage Heroku has is the ability to give other people access to their datacenters, since they're just running on EC2. So there's lots of Addon services that can add various pieces of functionality, like hosting a different database, many of which are only tractable because they're also hosted on EC2 and thus have very good latency to Heroku servers.

This means that you're not stuck with Postgres. If you think a part of your data, or all of your data, would be better stored in Mongo or Couch or Redis or flat files on S3, there are hosted services for that, and you can even deploy your own solution on EC2 if you'd rather. This leads to nice halfway solutions where you use Heroku to have super-scalable application servers, and maybe to manage your main relational db, but then you can tack on other things where that doesn't fit with your problem. Now, if you're running some of your own EC2 instances, you're losing some of the "never have to worry about hosting again" value of Heroku, but at least it's possible. It could be a temporary solution that keeps you above water while you migrate off of Heroku, or maybe you decide it really is the best long-term solution.
I was wondering the same thing. But I can confirm it compiles and runs, though I had to supply a -std=c99 flag to gcc.
See the last comment of my link:

>> the "trusted tester program" is a joke . They never respond so it's just a waste of time .

Even they launch this feature TODAY, so 4 years for a basic requirement, what you can expect from them?
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a frequentist would take issue with the two sons, one born on a tuesday problem. you can actually count up the permutations.

let's say we have 10 engineers, 9 of them are male. we also have 10 lawyers, 6 of them are male. Let's say one in 10 people likes doing math on the weekend.

There are 90 out of 100 ways to have a group of male engineers, one of which who likes math, but only 60 out of 100 ways to do the same with a male lawyer. furthermore, if we add in the four kids as another 1 in 10 thing, the situation gets even worse. This isn't bayesian, this is just counting boxes on a permutation table.
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Given that most people need a job to pay the bills, it seems that "I need the money" has to be one of the most truthful answers in a job interview (or "I want more money"). That's why it's a job and not just a fun thing to do. A lot of talented people probably wouldn't have a job if they didn't need it, but since they do they curtail their own desires to fit the needs of an employer in exchange for money. A lot of really great work gets done this way, but somehow it seems bad to say it.
I agree that the code should be simple enough to write in one go.

But that is under the (large) assumption that a suitable recursive algorithm has been found. The programming or coding is not the issue here. It's understanding the problem well enough and then identifying a recursive strategy.
> Money isn't the issue here

You are correct. Health care is free in the UK so money is irrelevant.
> A hundred or so years ago we had Picasso. Now we have LOLCats.

Survivorship bias. We just forgot about all the crap back then because nobody bothered to save many copies of it and the bad works have been forgotten, if not lost.

LOLCats will probably go the way of AYBABTU and Chuck Norris jokes one of these days. And later people will look back and only remember things like the Grey Album instead.

That's the same way people nowadays look back at 60s music with so much nostalgia, thinking of the Beatles and not, for example, "They're Coming to Take Me Away" by Napoleon the IV.
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It could also be that the utility of money is perceived to be logarithic, and then it depends on the base the individual uses in the personal utitlity function (which probably depends on the persons net worth) which choice is rational. For example,
ln 900 > 0.9 * ln 1000.
You might be able to run HTTP CONNECT over SPDY.

Based on this article (i don't have a Kindle Fire to test this theory), i'm guessing the browser has custom CA's for the SPDY proxy so that the SPDY proxy can spoof any domain through the magic of SNI. If all this is true, then it's pretty evil.

I don't think this is correct, although I can't describe how Silk actually works.
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I can think of TONS of services I've used over the years, both in and out of the software field that have talked about adding features and never did. Big deal, don't play the victim.

If you really wanted onto the trusted tester program, you'd bring it up on the app engine mailing list or contact someone at google directly (their emails are all over the place, Ikai is a great guy, and they are very responsive). I'm sure they'd be happy to have enthusiastic beta testers.

I find great irony in your quote on your G+ profile:

"Do you create anything, or just criticize others work and belittle their motivations? -- Steve Jobs"
Here's some interesting reading, btw (if you read Russian):
http://maraz-m-moroz.livejournal.com/387969.html
It's somewhat intuitive, but I feel like there is some cool math or attempt at explanation behind this that was left out.

Why is this better than just broadcasting messages that always contain a single block? What do you gain by forming combinations? You still have an expectation of eventually getting all the information. I assume it just turns out to take longer on average because your expected gain in information is lower from single chunks once you already have many of them?
I sent you an email. (chris@ctidd.com)
Quite an interesting point, thanks for bringing it up.

I'd say most domain extensions other than .com, .net, .org (and .edu, .mil, .gov) would fall under either ccTLD (country-code TLDs) or vanity domain categories.

If memory serves me right, the first creative use of such a domain that achieved good visibility and large-scale commercial success was del.icio.us, or am I missing any others before that?
> I never understand why economists think that a rational actor would consider them equivalent

They don't: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expected_utility

In short, there are three types of people: risk-averse, risk-neutral, and risk-preferring. (In the general case, people can exhibit all three types of behavior at different income levels, but let's keep things simple).

Imagine a graph, with income on the x-axis and utility on the y-axis. A risk-averse person will have a concave utility function (like a square-root function), whereas a risk-netural and risk-preferring person would have a straight-line and a convex utility function, respectively.

You have two income levels: $0 and $1000. Now take the two points (0, U(0)) and (1000, U(1000)) and connect them with a straight line. Since we're dealing with a 90% chance = .9 probability, find the point on that line which is 90% of the way between the two points (closer to the second point). This point represents the utility received from the risky situation, or the expected utility. This is not the same thing as the utility of the expected value! Call this point A, with coordinates (Ax and Ay)

Compare U(Ax) this with the value U($900).

For a risk-neutral person, the two values will be exactly the same, as the utility function is a straight line. For a risk-averse person, the second value will be higher, as the utility function is concave with respect to the origin. For a risk-preferring person, the first value will be higher, as the utility function is convex with respect to the origin.

In practice, the utility function may not have a constant concavity, which explains why people buy insurance (which is only justified under risk-averse behavior) yet also buy lottery tickets or gamble at casinos (which is only justified under risk-preferring behavior).

> Who in their right mind would take the choice that could possibly leave them without a life-changing sum the next day?

As you can see, the answer to your question is, 'A person who is risk-preferring' (or operating under risk-preferring situations which are quite common in practice).
Recursion in this case - generally in ruby as well - is not a great idea. Also, you have quite high memory requirements: O(n^2)

O(n) is quite easy in this problem.
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> I know there are lots of anti-patent folks on HN, but if anything deserves patent protection, digital fountains certainly do.

I'd suggest that the usefulness of algorithms like fountain codes (and other innovative algorithms like RSA and many compression techniques) leads to the opposite conclusion: such algorithms prove so broadly useful that patents on them have even more of a negative effect than usual.
So if I'm skilled, get things done, am intelligent, project vision and am passionate you'll hire me? Unfortunately, that makes me a perfect candidate to start my own company, so I think I'll probably do that instead. But thanks for the interview tips.....
You mention money. Why is it important that it's free? Is there something wrong with trying to be paid for your work? I don't totally agree that artists should be thought of in the same way entrepreneurs are. Saying that the person who wrote a song shouldn't be able to stop people from sharing it is like saying Samsung should be able to install iOS on a tablet and apple should find a different way to monetize their platform.

And as for culture, well culture is created by all of us. You or I or the next guy may have good taste but that doesn't mean the majority do. So when this ridiculous amount of creation goes on that means there will be far more crap than gems and with so much crap to wade through eventually it'll be lost and Lolcats will be considered culture and it'll be a sad day for culture. I'd like to believe that good things survive, I really do but that seems too optimistic to me. The music you've discovered wont be considered part of the culture of the future. Lady Gaga will. That's just what happens when there's so much to choose from.
I would consider this very valid pre interview. It's a bit mean; ideally an assignment should take 15 minutes to do. The advantage is, if someone does it, does it well, you have a really good indicator if that person is a good fit.
In my experience, I haven't found this to be true. The algo-guys I've met are also critical thinkers when it comes to designing scalable and reliable systems.
Fair enough. Actually, today I sort of wanted redirects so I could change some URLs on my S3-hosted blog.

Another easier solution to this would be hosting with a service like http://nearlyfreespeech.net. They're pay-by-usage like AWS, but you get full Apache config abilities + dynamic pages if you need them.
I would recommend to start looking into contributing to open source projects. This is already big enough to notice and become even more mainstream in future. IMHO. But, of course, it is not absolute truth. If you want to land .NET job at some big consultancy firm - they probably will not care about open source work anyway.
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We (Optimizely) do use App Engine and have been very happy with it. We handle hundreds of millions of requests every day and make heavy use of both GAE and custom components running on EC2. EC2 does most of the heavy lifting, but our web front end is all on App Engine and the benefits (great deployment and mgmt tools) far outweigh the cost.
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AWS has been around for longer. Appengine just moved out of beta. There are a lot of "serious" applications on app engine. Many applications have their infra distributed over multiple providers. A combination of AWS and App engine will be more heard of in the future. Tweetdeck has (had?) a backend implementation on App engine - http://goo.gl/38nSU

The point is, terming an infra stack as great as App engine as made for non serious applications is a gross misunderstanding of what the app engine is capable of. You should first give it a try, develop an app and then make a statement.
If you only broadcast messages that contain a single block, anyone who already has that block gets no value out of the message. On the other hand, if you broadcast messages generated via fountain codes, messages give you almost a full block worth of information on average.

If you assume the same network environment that the article does, namely one where no feedback occurs from the recipient to the sender, then if you miss a single block in the message, you'll have to wait for the sender to send that one block again. Since the sender has no information about what block you missed, you'll have to wait on average for half the blocks to get retransmitted, resulting in 50% overhead or more. It gets worse if you miss enough blocks that you have a non-trivial chance of missing those blocks again. (On top of that, some transmission mechanisms have properties that make particular data patterns particularly prone to loss, which makes it significantly more likely that you'll lose particular blocks repeatedly.)

With fountain codes and similar mechanisms, on the other hand, every message provides several chances to obtain the missing blocks, resulting in much less overhead.
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That's really annoying. People have a tendency to find a minor feature missing from a tool and rewrite it from scratch in a new language instead of contributing a feature back.

Personally, I've never used fetch-manifest.rb (even on my mac). Can you tell me what you did and how it didn't work?
I could write a lengthy response to this too but you are unwilling to even try to grasp my point, as apparent by your utter misinterpretation of what I said.

Hint: I was talking about policing the internet, not about protecting interests. The latter will always have to take a backseat if we have to prevent the former.

Oh, and yes, I consider the notion that you can "own" non-scarce resources such as music and software highly unethical.

Anyways, have nice day. Or night.
"the burden of proof is on the person who uploaded the content to prove they have the right"

It is impossible to prove that you have the right to content. There's just no reliable legal mechanism for this. Sometimes I can author an original work and have a copyright claim placed against it because it is similar to another. Sometimes I can outright copy someone else's work without a license and I retain rights to the content because it's a legally protected use (such as using Led Zeppelin's song in a form of satire).

In other words, to require proof is to prohibit all communication. Entirely! No exceptions!
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Quinean naturalism + cognitive science is a house of cards. Good to know. Do you have any other useful information?
The latter, unfortunately. I've been in that boat so often on both G+ and Facebook.
Right?! It's unethical to check to see if someone is ripping off your work online? Let me tell a kind of embarrassing story related to this. Some years ago I got into blogging... Like, a lot. And I was checking out all sorts of desktop apps that posted to your blog and I came across one I liked. It was going for about $20 so I got a pirated copy and decided to share it on a certain torrent site. The creators tracked me down and asked me to take it down. They very sanely explained how they worked how to produce this and would like to be able to keep making it better but couldn't if people like me kept ripping them off. They had to police the web and I don't see anything wrong with their actions. I ended up seeing things their way and took it down. They weren't being unethical by asking me not to steal their app. It was me who was being unethical. I'm baffled by that statement.
ha, US as a role model. Good one.
For more in depth profiling and optimization there is always APD: http://www.php.net/manual/en/book.apd.php
I agree, but in our scenario, served.com is available for purchase - price? who knows.
Having worked with a patent attorney in the past, I can give you specific wording examples. The software patents I've seen stated the claims in three different ways, to take advantage of different patentable areas: "A method for $foo", "A system for $foo" (as in a computer system), and "A computer program product for $foo".

Those same software patents also included, in addition to all the illustrations of the algorithm, a diagram of a stack of computer discs capable of containing the program, in order to demonstrate that (at least in some embodiments) the patent actually covered a physical thing rather than an algorithm.
Then Google is *.
Oops, I meant served.co/.net/.org. But, like I said earlier and others have mentioned.. no need to go after those big names unless you get some decent traction.
I agree with much of what you've said there. You clearly understand enough that I don't need to go into detail describing why I agree. :) But this isn't quite right:

> There is a reason antirez choose Lua and not JS for a scripting language.

To be fair, I embedded lua in ep-engine well over a year ago, but haven't ever released it. As it turns out, v8 is performing very well lately (certainly faster than plain lua) and people get it more easily. I've done some fun things with lua and it's really fun and easy to embed, but whatever gets shipped has to be supported and lua has some pretty dark areas.
That’s not really the problem. The problem is much rather that there isn’t any awareness when those people actually do talk about those topics (or feel the need to for some stupid reason or other).
While I get what you're saying, without threading people (in my circles, at least) tend to post in a conversationally progressing manner. Without threading it wouldn't look like a conversation at all, it would be, well, what you said. YouTube comments. Do you really want that?
I know. I misplaced my trust.
cool stuff. this is very helpful!
There's also the fact that we usually cannot estimate the probabilities of events with that kind of precision.

I'd say that most people rarely have enough data to split probabilities into more than about five bins: ~0%, fairly unlikely, coin flip (~50%), fairly likely, and ~100%.
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You're selecting for extroverts at the expense of introverts. Which may be desirable for your company, but I would (somewhat selfishly) not want that to be the common case.

we'll take the mediocre guy and just train him up into being a brilliant programmer

If you actually have a successful process for doing that, you could be owning many islands.
Your code sucks dude ;)
Actually I don't know python so I don't know what's going on. Here is a real man's program in c++, it didn't take long to write but it did take long to figure out how to calculate it correctly.

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main()
{

int max;
cout << "How big do you like it?\n";
cin >> max;
if(max<0||max>30)
return 0;

for(int row=0; row<=max; row++)
{
cout << 1 << " ";

unsigned int out=1;
unsigned int last;
unsigned int next=row;
for(int i=1; i<=row; i++)
{
last=out;
out=last*next/i;
next--;

cout << out << " ";
}

cout << endl;
}
return 0;
}

EDIT: there we go :D small errors corrected

For those that are just brainfucked with wikipedia's explanation
1. Wikipedia sucks as explaining math. Never use it to look something up that deals with math.
2. The best explanation is like in the middle of the article, "Calculating an individual row or diagonal by itself"... "For example, to calculate row 5, r = 6. The first value is 1. The next value is 1 × 5/1 = 5. The numerator decreases by one, and the denominator increases by one with each step. So 5 × 4/2 = 10. Then 10 × 3/3 = 10. Then 10 × 2/4 = 5. Then 5 × 1/5 = 1."
I don't think this will become widespread. As an employer, I don't want to have to support a variety of hardware/software/OS combinations which might be provided by employees; I don't want to depend on employees to maintain their equipment appropriately; and I don't want to create a circumstance where my data is sitting on hardware I don't own, especially if the owner is someone I've just fired or who's just been hired by a competitor.

The cost of a computer or a cellphone is tiny next to the cost of an employee - I really don't see much win in this idea for anything but tiny companies or a few isolated examples.
In response to #3 - isn't it very very strange to you that J.K. Rowling is able to have a billion dollar Harry Potter empire? I don't think this defense of copyright actually stands up to any rigorous examination. Why do people need to be able to make billions of dollars from children's books? From software? From art? What would people spend their money on if everything like this was essentially free?
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Instructions say to register then email with a short bio and HN name. I had to fill in both of those during registration. Do you still need the email?
I absolutely agree with #2. A "passive public" that would "make a public post that only appears in additionally selected circles, and on your profile."

Sure, it's a "power user" feature, but don't those drive social sites?