> lot of nutrition has been, for lack of a better term, very basic and somewhat stoicimetric - fat consumed equals fat stored, cholesterol consumed equals cholesterol stored, and also treating manufactured sugars (e.g., High Fructose Corn Syrup) as equal to natural sugars

Its much worse. Active misdirection by using the same term to refer to entirely different products/processes. A is not equal to B just because A and B happen to contain the same ingredient C in majority quantity. (Chimps share 99.6% of our genes etc). Labeling glucose, sucrose & fructose with the common label sugar. Sucrose itself has 100s of varieties - https://www.whatsugar.com/post/unrefined-vs-raw-vs-refined-c... .In most tropical countries, sugarcane is consumed raw in copious quantities. I grew up in a village eating sugarcane from fields. We were poor, but we always had a few stalk of sugarcane. You just chew on it & grind it down. Nobody got diabetes or anything from that. You move to the city & then the refined white sugar comes in bottles & you see the ill-effects all around you. But you can't point out how these things don't happen in the village, because that would be unscientific, all sugar is sugar etc. So an industrial product like hfcs, something that doesn't exist in nature in any form & has to be manufactured in the factory, is also sugar, because the majority constituent has the same chemical composition as orange juice, so no drinking orange juice for breakfast because that's just sugar, which is the same sugar in coke & pepsi & maple syrup & since we're way too poor to afford actual Canadian 100% grade A maple syrup from the maple tree, we must substitute it with cheap hfcs syrup, which is also called maple syrup & sold as maple syrup ( there's a small asterisk in unreadable h6 font at the label footer that says its not the true maple syrup but who is reading that ? ). The price difference these days - true maple syrup is $20 a bottle while hfcs is $2 !!! 8 ounce of Manuka is $20. So what do we do ? Well, we fill up a drum with sweet white sugar water & place it in the open. The poor honeybee is too dumb to know the difference, its going to drink our sugar water instead of nectar, so the beekeepers actually recommend this! https://carolinahoneybees.com/feeding-bees-sugar-water/ So now we can sell this cheaper honey for a fifth of the price yay capitalism ftw.

Labeling lard, bacon, olive oils & avocados & ghee, coconut oil, butter, vegetable oil under the common "fat", compounded by the fact that we call people who are obese "fat", thus confusing dietary fat with lipose, to the extent people think if they eat eggs they become fat because the "fat" of the yolk is somehow equal to the lipose tissue of the fat person. Like every yolk you eat, the "fat" from yolk goes straight to the lipose tissues because we refer to these two very different things by the same label ! People actually point at fat people and say "it must be the butter, must be the bacon and eggs"...when its mostly the refined sugar in the cakes & cookies & dessert. Once again, look at the cost - 16oz of ghee is $10, but you can buy a few gallons of processed industrial canola oil for $10, so that's the right thing to do, because oil is oil & it is all fat anyway & hfcs is sugar & so is honey & javascript is java & python is R & everything is the same, my man, it is all turing complete, just use the cheaper one, otherwise you are fucking gatekeeping you fucking elitist what's that i can't hear you over the sound of my freedom rah rah rah.