skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Show HN: Run and fine-tune 175B+ LMs in Colab using a P2P network of GPUs
Hi everyone! We made a library for inference/fine-tuning of open 175B+ language models (like BLOOM) at home without having high-end GPUs. You join forces with other people over the Internet (BitTorrent-style), each running a small part of model layers. Check it out in Colab:

https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1Ervk6HPNS6AYVr3xVdQ...

Thing is, even though BLOOM weights were publicly released, it was extremely difficult to run inference efficiently unless you had lots of hardware to load the entire model into the GPU memory (you need at least 3x A100 or 8x 3090 GPUs). E.g., in case of offloading, you can only reach the speed of ~10 sec/step for sequential (non-parallel) generation. A possible alternative is to use APIs, but they are paid and not always flexible (you can’t adopt new fine-tuning/sampling methods or take a look at hidden states). So, Petals come to the rescue!

Please share what you think of it!
The author's point is that conditions in code tend to add up.

What may start as a simple single condition, may not remain that way a year later.

Since there's always the possibility of a certain conditional becoming more complicated, it makes sense to opt for the equivalent solution that makes adding those additional conditions easier.

The alternative is to change the keyword when you add those additional conditions, but in most workplaces it's very possible that someone with less rigor than you might come in and add those new conditions and not make the change.

And then if you want to add a new condition you need to parse and understand the more complicated new conditional first, before you can change it.

This adds a lot of maintainability risk for what appears to be, in the best case, a very minor benefit.
The baby thing wasn't necessaey, as was some of the stuff at the end of the last episode, e.g. the bridge of death. After all so, it is entertainment. They also took some liberty with the timeline when it comes to the evacuation of Prypyat.

The steam explosion, and the fear ofbhaving the melted core dropping into the groundwater, actually were real concerns at the time. Concerns that were acted upon rather decisevly, by sending divers under the reactor and by having miners installing a heat exchanges by hand. That those concerns might not have been valod, well, that's 20/20 hindsight isn't it?
I use UncensoredDNS, which is a much smaller project but also a free DNS service like Mullvad's. And they also shut down all of their unencrypted ports earlier this year.

Here[1] is their reason; "The reason for this radical change is twofold: 1) I want encourage adoption of encrypted and authenticated DNS, and 2) I am sick of fighting UDP amplification attacks."

1. https://blog.uncensoreddns.org/blog/39-the-unfriendly-intern...
How is it "more flexible?" Your comment tries to provide vague criticism but by itself ends up offering nothing of value.
Not that I'm any expert, but given that these giant lasers are the definition of niche products I imagine they're also the least optimized.

From some quick googling, apparently the overall efficiency of a steam power station is around 29% (https://www.eeeguide.com/steam-turbine-efficiency/), measured by heat-in vs heat-equivalent-electricity-out. So once we get past the laser inefficiencies, we get 29% of net power.

From my completely lay-person understanding, the "hard part" was getting more energy out of the reaction than was put in. Now it's an optimization problem, unless there's a hard constraint on the design of these lasers that can't be improved beyond a certain point
Maybe - with government grants, and coal-powered manufacture of all of the associated generation equipment.

That's not very interesting though - what is interesting, which has been my topic of conversation this entire time, is what the energy economy would look like if it were not still fundamentally rooted in fossil fuels.

Given that coal and other fossil fuels are basically free energy - it does not take much at all to get energy from it (ie, set it on fire), it is not physically possible for PV generation to beat that. Therefore, it follows that renewable power will be more expensive than fossil fuel power. I don't see why this is so hard to acknowledge - we are living in a time of unreasonably cheap power, fuelled by several million years worth of stored solar energy. It can't last.
I'm going to argue with you because I'd say culture is a very abstract and complex thing and is not, lets say, as simple as culture in a civ game.

Looking at your example.. a German can go to Austria and will understand 95% of the language spoken and probably 99% in Wien. Sometimes there are different languages within a country like in Switzerland, is Switzerland now culturally divided or one culture even though they speak four to five languages there? Also one would get regional differences of the same language like dialects, and it might even go down to the lowest common multiple like words that only you and your friends/family use.

Next: Many Ukranians do speak Russian and some Russians speak Ukranian. If you use language as the canon for culture definition then yes, Germans and Austrians share the same culture because both speak German.

I never heard that Russia's culture was Ukranianized. After the moscowians kicked the Mongols out of the region around the 14th century Moscow became the center of power. I would be happy if you could cite me some source of this.
Because it is, by definition, not gene therapy.

The mRNA from the vaccines does not enter the cell nucleus or interact with the DNA at all, so it does not constitute gene therapy.
appreciate it, let me know how I can help!
You don't have to "learn every tool in depth." You do have to learn how to use the tools you depend on well enough to address your needs.

I have used git/GitHub for years across multiple projects and have never needed to sort branches by status or recover a deleted branch. I try to close branches when done (after merging) and make sure they have descriptive names so I can search for them. You have different requirements, so either you learn to use the tools to meet those requirements or you change your workflow to fit what the tools can easily do.

If you found bash scripts to do what you want then you didn't need to learn bash and sed and so on in depth, you only had to copy/paste the script and maybe change a couple of things.

Learning the tools of the programming trade transfers across projects and jobs. Once you get comfortable with git, bash, sed, etc. you will have those skills for the rest of your career, and most likely those tools will live for a long time because they already have.
Nice page. Cultural quirk: in Finland if you ask someone how they are doing they might quite literally start speaking to you about their life. In some cultures how are doing is part of a standard quick introductory small talk. My brain always freezes because I am about to actually share what’s up but then I realize this person might not really want to know.
DoT and DoH are traditionally available over TCP (or reworked versions of TCP like QUIC), which have built in protections against address spoofing.

Opening port 53 means having to set up a system to prevent abuse. Multiplication attacks through DNS are still as common as ever and mitigation can be incredibly difficult if a botnet is attacking a wide range of IP addresses.

Putting everything behind encryption not only makes life just a tad more private (especially when using ODoH, using which your DNS server can't even know what domains your IP is visiting, though I'm not sure if they support that) while also reducing the complexity of the service they're running.

There are downsides for sure, but I think they don't outweigh the benefits.
The ads I get are definitely junkier, but I think they've been getting worse over time, rather than one quick lurch.
Working on my laptop in the laundromat waiting for my clothes to be clean, considering quitting because my coworkers aren't caring much about things today, looking at pictures of my new girlfriend I cannot wait to hug tonight.

And browsing HN, eh!
the domain/range is fixed, so you don't have to allocate, actually, because you can have a fixed sized table and perfect hash :)

That said, I agree you can make the bit munging faster in the end, i'm just saying i don't think the speed up is anywhere near the improvement from early-exiting.
To put it simply, a huge amount of energy is used to produce so much heat and pressure, that the following occurs:

For every 1 deuterium nucleus involved, it fuses with 1 tritium nucleus => producing 1 helium nucleus, 1 free neutron, and 17.6 MeV of energy.

The energy released then causes more deuterium and tritium to fuse, producing more energy, and so on, in a chain reaction.

The goal, in order for this to be used to produce electricity for consumption, is for us to be able to kick start this process by introducing less than 17.6 MeV of energy per deuterium-tritium pair, so that after you account for the energy spent to fuse those atoms, there's a net energy left over for us to use.

Put even more simply, we're throwing heat/pressure at atoms, to cause them to fuse, and in the process convert some of that mass to energy.
Vim is way more customizable and portable than any gui editor imo. An extreme amount of filetype support is builtin to the vim runtime, try to peek how many definitions there are in the src/runtime path on github.

I think its well worth it. Even for the macros, normal commands there is no more efficient way to edit text.

If all touch keyboards had vim-mode we'd all be more productive on smartphones. People who use vim over ssh on mobile devices knows this. I've remapped the record macro (q) to (qq) on mobile devices and put my normal-mode leader key on q, it works really well.
I don't necessarily subscribe to this belief, but they wouldn't care about the random individuals but rather the societal level impacts of such a policy should they think it would be disruptive.
Do you have any sources for this? If this did happen, what evidence is there that it stopped happening under-Elon? If a company have a bribery problem, often changing management is unlikely to fix in two months if ever.

I guess you could argue that all bribes for verification went away when twitter let you get verified for 7 dollars, but didn't twitter turn that off?
That ship has sailed long ago.

These days, Windows Calculator takes over 20 MB to run, despite not significantly changing in functionality since Windows 3.11.

How did we get here?
Yeah! I definitely consider Finch to be in friendly competition with what will become Symbiant. :)

The largest difference is how our audiences discover and think about us. Finch users feel they need help and seek out Finch. Finch understands this, calls attention to the needing help, and presents itself as an anxiety-free warm hug. Finch wants users to "come out of their shell" and to engage with the world. Then, Finch nudges that engagement towards self-improvement. It's great.

Symbiant users think they're fine as-is (but are underappreciating how far from the ceiling they are), frequently lean into gaming to wind-down and as a means of escapism, and are more likely to adopt concepts that make themselves feel "smart" rather than applying labels to themselves that make them feel like they need fixing. Symbiant strives to talk about mental health at a higher level of abstraction, hinting at the complexities of psychology, and allows the user to feel like they are discovering knowledge by connecting all the dots. It then provides tools to allow the user to apply their new knowledge.

Think of how Papers, Please or This War of Mine strive to educate users about political tyranny and war, but do so in atypical ways. You're not the tyrant or war hero - you're a pawn in the overarching story. After playing, the user is touched with an understanding that feels more well-rounded having learned from a unique, atypical perspective. My goal is to construct and provide a similar learning experience around mental health, self-reflection, and habituation.
Absolutely, now how do you reliably determine whether someone is going to break under pressure, be tempted by money/power and ego? From my observations, given enough pressure & temptation many people can be easily manipulated in predictable ways.
Show HN: Plural.sh-Deploy, secure and scale open-source apps on your cloud
You seem to be banned from HN (most of your comments are [dead]). Looking through your comment history, you don't seem to be a bot or a troll.

The reason for your ban seems to be some politics stuff I don't quite understand: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=31981809

If you're legit, maybe try contacting dang and ask him to unban you.
> The most interest aspect in the FTX saga, for me, is that SBF was treated very gently by major news outlets (and maybe by government regulators too)... until regular individuals in social media started asking: Why is SBF being treated so kindly? Why would journalists (and regulators) assume that SBF meant well?

This wasn't universally true. See the VICE coverage for example.

The "old" media bought into SBF in exactly the same way it bought into Elizabeth Holmes, presumably for some of the same reasons. They have a strong bias/gravity towards covering "wunderkind" entrepreneurs, and they do "access journalism" with these people. It's more about their personal lives and personalities, because that's the story that always sells.

In addition, most outlets (including the NYT) have had a massive blind spot into how shady everything in the crypto space really is. They've long bought the bullshit, and many of their "crypto reporters" are unquestioning crypto bros who basically are industry mouthpieces rather than real journalists. So in a sense they're actually complicit in all the scams and losses, because they've boosted the fiction that "crypto" is somehow legitimate.

One has to hope that a corner has finally turned here, and SBF's highly visible fall will cause these "old" outlets to start doing actual real journalism on the whole "industry" rather than just fluff pieces and boosterism.
Agree, but keep in mind that the sf list was posted in 2012.
> Is this because as a VPN they're committed to privacy?

Almost certainly. Mullvad is way out there when it comes to privacy. They recently got rid of recurring subscriptions because they said they didn't want to store any PII.
Reducing cost was always about 1) getting rid of the hardware infrastructure team and 2) getting rid of the tax of having to think about the hardware as a CIO
Petscii Editor – Online ASCII editor using the Commodore 64 character set
Welcome to armchair fusion engineering discussions of HN. Remember to wear your hard hat safety helmet.
crypto community seems to be trying really hard to deflect from the fallout of yet another major crypto scam

For the last few months, any time something bad happens with FTX, there are dozens of people who show up complaining that the media went easy on SBF. They most often use the word "puff" or the phrase "puff piece," as if the comments were all written by the same bot farm.

Then when someone calls them out on it, they're suddenly silent. Which makes me agree with you that this is people trying to deflect from the greed at the root of this, trying to portray themselves as victims, and if the big media had just given them some warning, they wouldn't have lost billions of dollars.
Ask HN: Why are some YC startups not posting salary ranges when law requires it?
I saw a few ads here for hiring over the last month for YC companies in NYC that did not post their salary range, and clicking through to the post on their portal the range was also nowhere to be found.

I can't comment on those posts, so I wasn't able to do any type of callout. I thought I remember being able to comment on them, but I think that functionality was removed ...

Why is this acceptable?
In legal parlance, he will be "fu*ed."
If you think lsp-mode is too slow you can simulate „jump to definition“ using old-school „xref“ and „etags“ that comes with your Emacs. It creates a reverse index for you. Then you can put that in your git repo and add it to your .gitignore.

Finally, you can press „M-.“ for jump to definition and return to your buffer pressing „M-,“ — if the name of the function is unique. In practice, that works good enough most of the time.

„etags“ runs so quickly you can call it from a git hook and re-generate the reverse index every time you pull or check out a branch.

It works with all languages. No lsp server required.
ternaries are expressions.

Just because of that they are far superior to if/else/unless, unless ;-) you're using the ternaries to execute statements with side effects instead of just returning a value.
Is the idea behind encrypted DNS to stop manipulation of the answer given?

Because it can't be privacy, any ISP or router along the way can see the source/destination IP which is "naked" and basically has to always be?
The impetus to write the article seems to be Rubocop, whose rules are suggesting a specific way of doing things. But specific instances of a specific rule can be overridden, and if a rule proves itself to be more trouble than it's worth it can be disabled entirely.

I would go so far as to suggest jumping into Rubocop "cold turkey", meaning all rules on, is not very helpful on an existing codebase. The way my team approached Rubocop on a particular large legacy codebase was to start with a few hand picked rules that were non-controversially good, and discuss new rules one at a time as we gradually fixed the existing issues.
Club Mate Anyone?
> You can everything with Drupal, there is always a module for any feature you might need.

"You can everything with Wordpress, there is always a module for any feature you might need."

Conclusion: Wordpress is dying too?
That is the problem according to the article that prompted this post. Organized crime is selling $4 pills that contain fentanyl and look like oxycodone pills when black market oxycodone (the real thing) sells for $30 a pill.
Yes. I should have said "fusion ignition actually occurred" rather than merely "fusion."

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fusion_ignition
In my experience, they don’t have more bugs than Python scripts. That’s assuming they’re shorter than 50 LOC. Long before my scripts reach this size I convert them straight to Go. That’s the most problem-free strategy.
A worrying trend in the fedi lately is de-federation of entire servers because of misunderstandings, or arguments between admins.

It really sucks. This is not what I wanted for the fedi when I started back in 2017.

It has lead to some admins forming "federations", silos, inside the fediverse.

Like I can see technical solutions for some problems, like DNSSEC verification similar to that of E-mail.

But there is no technical solution to snowflakes acting butthurt.
Binance freezes withdrawals of stablecoin USDC as investors pull $2B
I have suffered from ADHD my entire adult working life. I am a developer and it’s been a real struggle. I could not utilize Adderall as I have high blood pressure and it hits your system all at once. Two years ago, a doctor prescribed Vyvanse. It’s been miraculous. I’m now able to function at a high level and maintain that performance throughout the day. I believe it restores your dopamine levels to that of a normal person. Vyvanse is a time release formulation that is also a single enantiomer (highly purified) and does not contain other undesirable chiral components of Adderall. Please look into this medication if you suffer from ADHD.
Backblaze, now with New York-style pizza slices.
Jennifer was bullied until someone unexpected stepped in
Using GitHub Actions to.. brew coffee
I think avidemux does the same thing.

https://avidemux.sourceforge.net/
Solo Founder here. Great article. I wish I'd been more focused on cultivating co-founder relationships over the past 5-10 years, but I'd have to time-travel and give myself that advice. I had no clue I'd wind up founding a company!

Here are some support resources that've helped me:

- Mastermind groups

- Growing a community Discord (almost 250 people)

- Volunteering to organize industry events, like Women in 3D Printing.

Recruiting is a very important skill for a VC-backed founder, so I understand why few VCs are interested in backing a solo founder.

My plan is to de-risk for institutional investors by raising a pre-seed round, 25k x 6 angels for 150k@2M. Combined with revenue, that's enough to hire a founding engineer and add another line of business to my product.
They were valid concerns, but I don't think anyone seriously thought it would have an amplitude such as described in the serie.

The whole affair is dramatic enough that there is no need to graft on some sensational, over-the-top, fantasies.
https://www.bbc.com/news/live/world-us-canada-63953033 shows counts 7 and 8 as

- Conspiracy to Commit Money Laundering

- Conspiracy to Defraud the United States and Violate Campaign Finance Laws
From a quick google search (not promising this is 100% accurate, but I searched for sentencing minimums)

1) Wire fraud: 121-151 months

2) Securities fraud: 6-36 months base (there are multipliers apparently)

3) money laundering: 70 month average is all I could find

4) Campaign finance: seems to be more monetary based

Not sure how a plea deal/severity of charges would change this though. Ex: when you are committing billions in fraud that probably has different guidelines than the average securities fraud of a few million or whatever.
I think the video miniseries is based on a book, Voices of Chernobyl (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voices_from_Chernobyl). I'd be curious if anyone on HN has read it and if they have comments on how the miniseries and book compare and contrast.
They can't see that its a DNS request, it appera like any normal website connection.
I have both YubiKey and SMS 2FA active on my Google account. However, for SMS purposes I got an extra phone number that nobody knows (well, nobody but me, Google and my phone provider) and that is inactive except when (A) I need to use it for 2FA purposes or (B) I need to top it up to keep it in service (which is every 6 months, approximately).

Is there still a risk of someone cloning my simcard even though I did not, ever, share my phone number with anyone?
Even without diving into technical reports, I'm sure that the denominator here is some quantity of energy that's measured after a bunch of tremendously inefficient conversion steps, which, if they were included, would make the ratio much less than unity.
Washington (democrats and republicans, including Obama and Trump) did as they were paid to do. The Sackler family did this on purpose, as their parents did with Benzos and other painkillers. They purposely increased the addictiveness then lied about it. Then the government gave them immunity after their deadly product killed hundreds of thousands to millions of Americans.
> I'm pretty sure he already saw this coming and moved his assets into his family circle.

That's a mean thing to do. Just ask Madoff's family how that works out.
It should be noted that SBF is facing 165 years in prison.
Is that what causes typing "Notepad" in the search bar take 5+ seconds to show me notepad, sometimes after it showed it just having typed "No..." before deciding it's not sure whether it wants to show me something else instead?
Considering that everyone dies sooner or later, your line of reasoning is mildly amusing.