skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Old (2017-2020)

So glad to never have worked with any of these participants. Scrum sounds so rigid, so waterfall.

> Is adding story(ies) going to be a routine? If yes again showcases lack of maturity of Scrum team in proper planning of resources, user stories and estimations with task for each story to target in achieving a sprint goal.
So they are ignoring the laser efficiency as well as the thermal to electric efficiency? If you did the same for a tokamak, stellerator or Bussard, would you get a similar ratio?
Interesting observation. I agree with what you've written, but I might even go one step farther, the wealthy like extremely expensive things that don't require much money.

Yeah, I'm being a little glib there. But what they love is golf, tennis, violin lessons for kids. Yes, they own expensive golf clubs (and memberships) and tennis rackets and violins. But what they love is that they can slum it with a very inexpensive tennis racket or golf club or violin, whereas the expensive gear is useless in the hands of someone who hasn't had a lifetime of lessons that cost in the tens of thousands of dollars. Even if you have the money, you can't buy the technique, and people who play these sports/instruments can recognize instantly if you know what you're doing (even in movies, tennis, golf, and violin, faked technique is immediately recognizable). It helps a lot of your parents had money and trained you up in these things when you were a child.
I tried to look up their site then realized I block "us.to" locally. Since you have their site linked in this thread they are likely seeing the HN thread as a referrer in their access logs and reading this. I expect this to turn into an ongoing battle as a result, but maybe this could be a fun learning exercise for everyone here.

The current IP 45.86.61.166 is likely a compromised host [1] which tells me you are dealing with one of the gangs that create watering holes for phishing attacks and plan to use your content to lure people in. They probably have several thousand compromised hosts to play with. Since others mentioned you could change the content on your site, I would suggest adding the EICAR string [2] throughout the proxied content as well so that people using anti-malware software might block it. They are probably parking multiple phishing sites on the same compromised hosts [3].

This would also be a game of whack-a-mole but if you can find a bunch of their watering hole sites and get the certificate fingerprints and domains into a text file, give them to ZeroSSL and see if they can mass revoke them. Not many browsers validate this but it might get another set of eyes on the gang abusing their free certs.

If you have a lot of spare time on your hands, you could automate scripting the gathering of the compromised proxy hosts they are using and submit the IP, server name, domain name to the hosting provider with the subject "Host: ${IP}, ${Hostname}, compromised for phishing watering hole attacks". Only do this if you can automate it as many server providers have so many of these complaints they end up in a low priority bucket. Use the abuse@, legal@ and security@ aliases for the hosting company along with whatever they have on their abuse contact page. Send these emails from a domain you do not care about as it will get flagged as spam.

Another option would be to draft a very easy to understand email that explains what is occurring and give that to Google and Bing. Even better would be if we could get the eyes of Tavis Ormandy from Google's vulnerability research team to think of ways to break this type of plagiarized content. Perhaps ping him on Twitter and see if he is up to the challenge of solving this in a generalized way to defeat the watering holes.

I can think of a few other things that would trip up their proxies but no point in mentioning it here since the attackers are reading this.

[1] - https://www.shodan.io/host/45.86.61.166

[2] - https://www.eicar.org/download-anti-malware-testfile/

[3] - https://urlscan.io/result/af93fb90-f676-4300-838f-adc5d16b47...
I'm in PopOS and have 150% scale on one monitor, with 100% on the other. Not seeing anything blurry, and pretty sure I'm on X11. Is that an older problem?

And I think the point was more that many of us don't care how it is fixed. If that takes a new application, so be it. If it can be done on the older one, also so be it.
Comparing SQL, SQL JSON, ORM and GraphQL Performance in Golang
I still use them regularly, and will buy one if one breaks or something like that. I use cloud storage most of the time but frankly I don't trust it completely for privacy as well as access reasons, and my storage needs would be pretty huge, so I backup files on a flash drive as a kind of second backup. I also use external SDD drives, but only periodically as they take up much more space and I don't lug them around. I can fit a flash drive in my coat pocket when I'm traveling, and so forth and so on.

I guess I just like redundancy, having control over my own physical storage, have a sort of backup routine (cloud for super frequent temporary storage, flash for less frequent more capacity, and SDD for even less frequent even higher capacity) and flash drives are super portable. I tend to buy them in the biggest fastest format I can, and pay extra for a brand name from a vendor I trust.

I suppose I could use my phone; I hadn't thought of that, but I like to leave as much space as possible for stuff on there, and I'd still not want some backup for that.
US scientists reach long-awaited nuclear fusion breakthrough, source says
I don't think that's silly at all—I hate reaching for number keys and not afraid to say it :D

Another comment in here made think about using Karabiner to give myself a keypad with uiojklnm,. (or something). I actually did this when I used to use a flash-able mechanical keyboard, but I like working on my couch too much so I've been all-in on the short-scale apple keyboards for several years now.
If you can construct a dinosaur zygote (genome, a wealth of proteins and enzymes, epigenetic markers, cell environment, etc. etc.), you can easily oxygenate a containment room or adjust the metabolic parameters.

DNA's short half life (relative to geological time scales) means we likely won't be recovering enough information from fossils. DNA is a reactive species (it has to be to undergo the incredible mechanics it does). I'm not going to calculate the number of samples we'd need - it's a lot.

Any future "clones" will leverage the wealth of information we gain from our current biodiversity. Really advanced computer-generated approximations of what the biochemistry, developmental biology, etc. could have been.
We are doing that actually, but the other way: rather than moving the people, we are moving the climate.
I was color calibrating a prototype holographic printer with a 30Hz pulsed laser spatially modulated by a 60Hz LCOS, phase locked of course. I was chasing down a funny issue where the response curve of the LCOS seemed to change every time we power cycled the machine - specifically, it would randomly flip between one of two modes. I had a suspicion that the LCOS was flickering (they're known to do that) and that therefore the two possible embeddings of 30Hz in 60Hz behaved differently.

But how to measure this? The LCOS displays were buried deep inside some optics, and the only light that reached them was the laser light which was pulsing at the same frequency as the signal I wanted to measure, and the laser PSU was incapable of driving it faster. I did however have an pulsed energy meter, which I'd managed to interface to a computer so I got a readout for every pulse.

Sudden insight: flip the switch on the laser power supply from "Ext. trigger" to "Internal trigger". Twiddle the fine adjustment on the PSU frequency knob until the laser frequency was 29.95Hz. Watch in satisfaction as the energy meter described a neat sine wave over the course of 20 seconds - the beat frequency between 30Hz and 29.95Hz - confirming that the reflected energy swung wildly depending on the relative phase.

It was a small and simple hack, and I've poured much more sweat into much grander "hacks", but I will always be proud of that lightbulb moment.
> Also, you should realize that MOND in itself is not actually a theory of nature. You can't just "hack" Newton's 2nd law, because that law is a consequence of other, more fundamental principles.

That's not how science works. You absolutely can write a formula that matches observations without justifying it or deriving it from first principles, ie. "hacking" Newton's second law is totally fine if it works. If an argument from principles reaches different conclusions that don't match observations, then the argument is flawed or your understanding of the principles is wrong.

If such a hack is empirically successful for gravity, then it suggests there's likely some kind of underlying property missing from your model that yields this emergent order. For instance, superfluid dark matter models reproduced MOND at galactic scales from a dark matter model. That's the novel kind of thinking we need, not this stubborn protectionism.

> So far, GR passes every empirical test of gravity physicists have come up with.

Don't pretend there aren't huge gaping holes you could drive a dump truck through [1]. GR is well-tested and well-motivated at solar system scales, but there are many open problems at larger scales that ultimately stem from assuming GR continues to hold at those scales.

[1] https://www.nature.com/articles/s41550-022-01808-7
This cynicism is justified, but maybe if we weren't so quick to dismiss good things they'd happen more often.
The big issue is that we significantly expanded the monetary supply while we had a supply chain shortages due to war/covid

They aren’t in isolation, printing money when the supply chain is constrained is going to sky rocket demand, and send inflation through the roof
I love smart home stuff, but greatly prefer open source compatible (Home Assistant etc), non-internet-connected smart home equipment that still has hardware switches. There's no good standard for RGBW addressability over wires here in the U.S. (that I'm aware of) so I do use some Philips Hue bulbs, but only accompanied by a hard-wired switch capable of associating directly with the bulb, so that all it needs to work is power.

I will admit though that I still mostly just do it because it's fun. But hey, it's fun that comes in handy, too.
Lots of good suggestions here, let me throw one more in the pot -- could you do an equivalent of a "ghost ban"?

Instead of blocking their IPs, detect if the traffic is coming from the abuser's IPs, and serve different content -- blank, irrelevant, offensive, copyright violations, etc.
I think you're getting at the point with this though:

> I actually wouldn't have figured it out if he hadn't pointed out this is induction.

A lot of these other ones are not that complicated either, it's just hard to parse and sometimes requires a small bit of math knowledge, which I think is within reach if you're familiar with induction and would only take e.g. a minute for you to understand if someone explained it (ideally with a blackboard than in text).

Some of those are definitely nonsense to me. But, to put my money where my mouth is and to give some examples (as you spent the time to type that out), 'invariance under linear combinations' just means that, if something holds for f(x), then it holds for 2f(x), f(x) + 10, etc. (these are all linear combinations). So then saying 'suffices to check basis elements' means 'just check f(x), and the others all fall out for free'.

As another example, convex combinations: Google 'convex hull' for images, but basically this one is just saying just check the 'extreme elements', i.e. the 'corners' at the boundary, and everything in the middle falls out for free because we have 'invariance under convex combinations'. A convex combination here is just a some point in the middle of these extremes.

While these may not be immediately obvious when reading them, the pictures or ideas are actually sometimes quite simple.

I hope that helps.
I really dislike these takes on low interest rates.

As far back as the 70s (when interest rates were 8-15%), there have been random business ideas being started and shutdown (pet rocks, every airline ever, etc.).

We don't remember those because they shutdown 40 years ago. Today, we only see the successful ones that survived (walmart, fedex, etc.).

There's a legit question: why have long term interests declined over the past 500 years, accelerating in the past 50-100 years.

The answer to that more likely has to do with some very broad phenomenon: capital has been accumulating due to increases in energy availability. Human talent (that turns capital into something actual) is plateauing due to slowing of population growth.

Testable Prediction: we will have <1% fed interest rates again at some point before 2030, because the long term trend remains downward for now.
Way back in the Napster days before streaming services were a thing, I'd ripped all of my CDs to MP3 and had a bunch of live stuff from P2P networks. I wanted to listen to this stuff at work, but technology of the time was either CD based or limited to 16-32 MB of solid-state memory.

At the time, Microsoft had some live broadcast streaming service built into Windows 2k server that would allow you to stream audio from the computer, so I put together a web front that allowed me to build and save a WMP playlist file along with controls for to start/stop WMP, causing it to re-read the file.

The result was that I could listen to my own music on any device capable of receiving streamed audio, and could control it on anything with a web front end.
Presumably they mean that there are efficiency losses in charging the supercapacitor banks used to fire the lasers; so that if you consider the system over multiple duty cycles rather than over a single cycle, it's no longer energy-positive. (I.e. if the system were capturing its emitted energy — and that emitted energy needed to be enough to act as a grid power source feeding input power to the supercapacitors, rather than merely being the equivalent of the direct output power of the lasers per shot — then it wouldn't be enough to sustain the reaction.)

But personally, I don't know whether that's actually important. Power plants usually consume a nontrivial fraction of their own produced power to power themselves, and in fact consume more than 100% of produced power when starting from a full stop — meaning that in initial few-shot conditions, even when feeding back their own produced power into themselves, they still need (huge amounts of) external power input to get going, like a car engine needing a battery + starter motor. Only a rare few kinds of power plant can be used to "black start" a power grid. Most types of generator need to overcome initial higher resistances, e.g. inertia (and thereby back-EMF resistance at the transformer) in getting heavy turbines spinning from a stop.

It wouldn't be at all strange if a practical fusion power plant turned out to be energy-negative over a few-shot run (i.e. required "bootstrapping"), but then became energy positive over a theoretical 24/7 run at whatever its optimal duty cycle is. And a single-shot run becoming net-positive would be a good point to start to consider those more practical calculations, since they'd have been useless to consider until then—a power plant can't possibly be net-positive over any kind of runtime + duty cycle, if its core reaction can't be net-energy-positive when considered in isolation.

Which is, to me, why it probably does make sense for ITER to be excited. They've reached the point where they can stop using a lab-bench model of power efficiency, and start trying to come up with another, more full-scale model of power efficiency to replace it with.
Both teams work within the same constraints with the goal of beating the other. Same as any other sport.

They stop after a play because that’s part of the rules of the game.
Ugh, it appears that I misremembered. GNOME takes about 113MB of real memory, and 6GB of virtual.

Still extremely scary for systems without overcommit enabled, but with overcommit, not terrible.
Yup! Knowing this, I'd intended to put off seeking for a new gig, but once recruiters know you're on the market in any capacity, they start beating down the door - I assume to stay busy, meet their quotas/goals, and to build up a list of potentials for when hiring actually picks back up.

After going through 2-3 rounds of interviews with 3 different companies since mid-Nov, all of which signaled "we love you and will be moving quickly with you" during the interview process, only to have them finally follow up with "some of our internal needs have changed with the end of year approaching, but we'll be in touch", I figured for my sanity and so that I could enjoy a little bit of my funemployment, that I'd just be upfront with them and set some boundaries.

Now, I've basically just been communicating "I appreciate your interest, but this is a bad time of year for bringing on new hires when considering year's end, so let's plan on touching base in January". We will see if this works out in my benefit or not - but it quickly became clear that we were all just wasting each others time going through multiple rounds of calls and exercises during the end of Nov and Dec.
Chatsonic – Like ChatGPT but with Superpowers
because I asked them to stop doing it, and they didn't. Technically they were stealing my bandwidth.

Also to teach them an important lesson about the internet.
Crypto Fugitive Do Kwon’s Mystery Bolthole Emerges in Serbia
Presenting the progress of fusion in such a way to give the impression that commercialisation is right around the corner has been done before.
It seems that VCs dislike LLCs
HN contains multitudes, I love this response.

At the very least you collect info about their sophistication level; will they adapt to adversity or will the bail/move on?
Wow, hadn't seen this before. Awesome site!
That's one application that never made sense to me. It's like an idea to use SD cards with paper printers - you'd want to connect directly with a cable, or hook it up to LAN/WLAN, on the first available opportunity.

I get that 10 years ago, back when I was in this space, this was a consequence of DIY builds being Arduino-based - SD cards were the easiest form of durable storage to work with, and the alternative was streaming G-code over USB, which tended to cause unreliable prints (my favorite example was a 3D printer builder and a popularizer in our local Hackerspace, who figured out he can't leave a print job running and give the computer to his kid to play videogames on, because any larger load would slow G-code transmission rate, throw off timings, and completely ruin the print). But I would think these days the printers would be built with some on-board buffer storage and network connectivity. ESP32 is a thing.
It is actually. Norway has a large offshore oil and gas industry, and because of this it has a lot of companies that specialize in underwater work.

When the Kursk submarine sank in 2000, the Russian navy was unable to access it for a long time, and eventually, a Norwegian team was asked to attempt a rescue, over some objections of the navy.

"Norwegian divers" became something of a meme in Russia. When the Ostankino tower caught fire shortly after the Kursk incident, the gallows-humor type joke was that some "Nowegian climbers" should be invited for the rescue.
An open-source solution for communicating Verifiable Credentials on the Web
Illegal dark web markets use BTC as currency. The BTC entering and exiting these markets is highly tumbled, making it very hard to track.
some people are new to the Fusion discussion. They've missed the last 50 yrs of "fusion is 10 yrs away" claims. Over the years, I've learned to temper all discovery excitement. Its the other side of the coin equivalent of the the XKCD 10000 comic[1].

[1] https://xkcd.com/1053/
> If and only if people previously holding stock sell back to the company.

This is trivial. They just buy it on the open market. This is public stock, people are always buying and selling.

> Regardless, you realize no gains if you do not exit your interest on that stock.

This is the big advantage of buybacks for shareholders! It is taxed as capital gains, and you can completely defer taxes by not selling. And "exit your interest" makes it sound like you have to sell all of it. You can just sell a small portion to make it like a dividend. You don't seem to be getting this.

> The exit is non-optional, and often not reenterable from.

Nonsense. It is optional. You can choose to keep it as stock or turn it into cash. And you can totally re enter. It's public stock.

Are you mixing up publicly traded stock buybacks with something in private companies?
Social Security is a public pension system, and is necessarily huge since it serves hundreds of millions of people. It's often excluded from budgetary analyses because it tends to throw everything out-of-whack, and the money that flows into it is separate from ordinary taxes, so isn't available for the general funds anyway—the way it's set up, Congress can't simply redirect Social Security spending to other purposes through anything like the ordinary budget process, they'd have to modify Social Security itself first, then probably weather a torrent of lawsuits.
Yes. In the early '00s, I was unfulfilled doing web development and bored out of my mind. I went back to school hoping to get into more interesting tech. I got a bit sidetracked from that because I found immense pleasure in mathematics, but luck would have it, and I found my way to quantum computing through a colleague from my research group. So I didn't really leave tech; I got the credentials to migrate into "high tech." Which isn't a "save the world" type of fulfillment but at least the challenges we face are intellectually stimulating.

And, pertinent to today: I quit my web job as the dot-com bubble was bursting. I graduated in 2008 when the economy was collapsing again and I weathered that crash in grad school, making peanuts but not taking on debt. Going to college/university with a few years of "adult" working experience has its benefits: paying my own tuition, I wasn't there to party, I was there to learn. I devoted myself to the work as if it were my job.

If I had stayed in web stuff, I'd probably have been taking a nice salary for the decade or so that I was in school making beans. My salary would probably be 2-3x what it is today, if I hadn't earned enough to retire early. But I never went hungry, I took on very little debt, and I really enjoy what I do today. I'd do it all over again.
The pessimist in me says that some building(s) are going to burn down, one or more persons will be found with two bullet wounds as "obvious suicide", and that any and all supporting documents will be "lost".

Because we simply cannot live in a world where we are independent from the current power structure. They won't allow it.

Hopefully I'm wrong, I'd love to see progress in energy production that is actually sustainable.
I think this comment is unusually revealing about your worldview and the community you grew up in. It certainly does not reflect my experience.