skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> - In the USA, you are considered to be a fluent (English) speaker when you can talk somewhat freely with the fellow countrymen

American here. I would not consider such a person to be fluent in English, and I don’t know anyone else who would, either.

We don’t have our own special, lesser, definition of fluency.

Based on your written grammar, I would not consider you fluent in English.
Are business leaders the people best equipped to evaluate environmental issues, especially ones that may have a conflict of interest with their existing investments?
But this can't be done with physical currency. If I have to make loans in physical currency, I can't magically loan out $10 the moment I receive $1. I literally do not have the money to do this.

Wasn't there ever a time when banking was done with physical currency? How did it work before electronic banking?
Oh nice, I'm at university right now with Mandarin as part of my degree. The politics around China is certainly interesting.
This all reads like straight propaganda from /r/bitcoin and none of it is true.

Decentralization of a currency doesn't mean or have to do with development, that is a separate issue. Still, whoever controls github commits is going to control the reference implementation and that isn't many people.

Decentralization refers to being able to use money electronically without any third party's permission. All the rest of this are obvious talking points to try to redefine bitcoin as more unique than it is. It was always completely possible to copy everything and modify any part of it. Part of the excitement is that there is actual competition in currencies.

Non mining nodes ensure transactions/blocks followed certain rules. When attached to wallets and services, that means much more than "just relaying blocks".

This part is just a straight lie and someone has grossly mislead you. Non mining blocks have nothing to do with making blocks or deciding anything. All they can do is relay blocks that the miner decide. This is like someone printing books, those books being sold on amazon and a hundred other stores, then someone arguing that a single library deciding not to carry a book has any bearing on that book being created.

3. Layer 1 scaling is poor design. Larger blockchain = less nodes due to more expensive hardware requirements = more centralization. BSV and BCH are mostly dead because of getting this wrong, no debate about it.

When people say things like this it's obvious that they only get information from /r/bitcoin and don't have understanding beyond the heavily curated narrative there. Do you ever stop to think about why other cryptocurrencies don't need a second layer? Do you think the optimal throughput is a few kilobytes per second worth of transactions for the whole world? It all has to be synced on the main chain anyway. A second layer is a solution in search of a problem.

Larger blockchain = less nodes due to more expensive hardware requirements

Have you ever done the math on this? I can never believe people keep repeating something so obviously wrong. Bitcoin runs at dialup speed. A $10 per month VPS literally runs at 50,000 times the speed that the bitcoin network does. There have been times when average transaction costs spiked so high one transaction fee could pay for the hard drive space and vps time to host a node for months. The craziest thing here is that nodes don't even really matter. The miners can broadcast blocks themselves and anyone can sync with the chain if they want.
Absolutely agree. The legislative branch needs to reassert itself here.
> That sounds the same as Python and Java work now.

Not really, the .o files were fully compiled, they just needed to call C functions in the Franz Lisp runtime.
Sam Bankman-Fried Wants to Save the World [audio]
i would love a dumb tv with nice display and plugging my own SBC into it. it will be a lot easier to upgrade the thing when needed.
> The bank has just converted a house, wood and nails and siding and dirt, into money.

This was a clever twist. But is it true?

The house existed and monies (in possession of others) also existed, so that house already had 'value' and fully convertible to money via a cash sale.

What has happened is that the bank, using hypothetical/projected money (i.e. mortgage payments), created money and purchased a valuable assembly of land, wood, and nails. It further has a buyer who must make regular payments of money (earned, not created, by working) until the banks hypothetical money is converted into actual money. And the buyer now is the owner of the house. This is when it works out. Here, the bank clears out its book of the fictional principle payed out, but now has interest payments as profit.)

When the buyer defaults, now the bank is the owner of a house, which it can sell and pocket the profit. (Remember, it only had $10k from the Fed, and say foreclosed and sold at $50k, so that's 40k).

So my Q which this article did not even touch on, is whether the Federal Reserve is a public entity (so its profits go to US treasury and not some island somewhere), and if it is not, why not? Why would a country's central bank not be owned by the people of that country? Why are these things so opaque and reluctant to have open books?

"Legal cases involving the Federal Reserve Banks have concluded that they are "private", but can be held or deemed as "governmental" depending on the particular law at issue. In United States Shipping Board Emergency Fleet Corporation v. Western Union Telegraph Co.,[5] the U.S. Supreme Court stated, "Instrumentalities like the national banks or the federal reserve banks, in which there are private interests, are not departments of the government. They are private corporations in which the government has an interest.""

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Reserve_Bank#Legal_sta...
It looked pretty similar to the Alpha version, but I have no idea if the code bases were related. The later PowerStack II machines (in more-or-less regular PC mini-towers) were able to just reflash the firmware, there was a tool called "Arcinst.exe" IIRC.

The regular Alpha firmware was SRM (or SRM console), this was used to boot OSF/1 (aka Digital Unix or Tru64) and VMS. Linux was able to boot both from SRM as well as ARC console. IIRC you had to reconfigure some other stuff when switching between the firmware versions, since the PALcode (think of low-level privileged machine code similar to SBI on RISC-V in M mode today) was different between SRM and ARC.

Both PPC and Alpha were rather open platforms back then, the PPC due to the IBM/Motorola/Apple alliance, Motorola's famously good databooks and the PowerOpen (PrEP/CHRP) standards, the Alpha also due to DEC's history in providing excellent documentation and especially John "Maddog" Hall's (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jon_Hall_(programmer)) great efforts to support the open source OS communities while he was head of the Unix group at DEC. I still have a TurboChannel Alpha machine (DEC3000) he sent me back then.

Good old times sigh. Now all you can hope for is a badly machine-translated and incomplete databook for an obscure Chinese RISC-V SoC...

Some more tidbits in case anyone's interested.

This web page by Michael Kraemer has more information on NT for the PowerStacks (there's also a lot of other information about 90s computer gear):
https://web-docs.gsi.de/~kraemer/COLLECTION/MOTOROLA/wntps.h...

And this DEC manual contains more information on Alpha firmware than you ever wanted to know...
https://manx-docs.org/collections/antonio/dec/MDS-2000-01/cd...

See https://download.majix.org/dec/palcode_dsgn_gde.pdf
for PALcode details. Example PALcode can be found at http://bitsavers.org/pdf/dec/alpha/palcode.zip - it's interesting to read.
Thanks. I think if they managed to get Upbase works for them in the beginning, then they'd have no problem then they grow a bit. Unless they grow too big, too fast, then they might need to find another solution.

My vision for the product is to serve solos and small teams, so we'll try to keep everything clean and simple.

Thanks again for joining the conversation here.
Ligoogle – Google for Terminal
Google but for Linux terminals
4. It did replace my laptop because I use remote computing resources and there was no meaningful difference between the iPad and any other mobile computer modulo screen size.
Yes, the Chartalist [1] view espoused by OP only applies to fiat currencies.

The basic chartalist money story is:

- Local warlord/chieftan/strongman wants to get government-type things done, e.g. build a road

- Warlord says "I will pay anyone 5 dogecoin per day for working on my road"

- The people say "who cares, we don't want your worthless dogecoin"

- Warlord says "Anyone who does not pay 20 dogecoins in tax by the end of the month will be killed"

Suddenly you have people working on the road. But not everyone wants to work on the road, some people need to do other things like farming food.

So the farmers trade food to the road workers in exchange for dogecoins so that the farmers can pay their tax.

And the farmer trades some extra dogecoins to the blacksmith for a new shovel. Now the blacksmith can pay his tax.

Etc. The imposition of the tax has created a Schelling point where dogecoins now function as a medium of exchange, unit of account (5 dogecoins == 1 day of manual labor), and store of value. i.e. a currency.

Another major (and not mutually exclusive) theory of money is that of credit. Let's say the farmer says "I'll give you a bushel of grain now in exchange for 100 dogecoins by the end of the month". Now the road builder has a debt to the farmer, and the farmer has an asset worth 100 dogecoins modulo the creditworthiness of the road worker. The farmer could trade this IOU to someone else as if it were dogecoins (again, modulo default risk), etc. You can build up the whole financial system from here.

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chartalism

[2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Credit_theory_of_money
I agree that taxation is part of money’s value, and there are also other factors. If money is backed by a commodity (i.e. gold) then part of its value comes from the value of the commodity.

For fiat currencies where new money is mostly created as debt, the common refrain is that its value is based on common trust. I think it’s more than that. Debt is an obligation between two entities regarding future outcomes - namely, the repayment of the loan plus interest. When looked at this way the value of money comes from humanities ability to affect future outcomes. If I take out a mortgage, the bank trusts me to repay based on evidence I’ve demonstrated, and I trust the bank due to the bank’s reputation, the laws that govern banking, etc.

I am not an economist and wouldn’t be surprised if these concepts are already in some theory I’m not aware of. I do think that the sentiment that money created out of nothing is not really correct - rather it’s money created out of expected future value.
For (neo)vim users, there's notational fzf [1], which also requires fzf to be installed [2]. For Emacs, there's Deft [3]. They all what to me are nvalt's core functionality which is fuzzy search into quick note creation/editing. They can also be used in conjunction with nvalt or other markdown based applications since all of them use plaintext. For Deft, you can also choose to create .org files.

[1] https://github.com/Alok/notational-fzf-vim

[2] https://github.com/junegunn/fzf

[3] https://jblevins.org/projects/deft/
Both parties need to have a specific good or service the other wants for barter to be successful. Money, however, can serve as a medium of exchange eliminating that problem thereby being useful enough to let yourself get taxed for its use.
This is wrong. Every country has taxes, but some money is more valuable than others. Argentina's currency devalued even though they raised their tax rates. When McDonald's agrees to sell their Big Mac for $5, they're backing the US dollar. When you agree to work 40 hours a week for a predetermined salary in dollars, you're backing the US dollar. It's the same when you pay for taxes, but it's not different from the previous examples.
Be aware that those 3 color screens are very slow to update, 15-20 seconds. So not super useful for most kind of projects

Unfortunately the fast color displays (we can buy) are not there yet. Only black & white (and grayscale) ones are fast enough to be used as somewhat generic screen you can interact with
> In German(y), you are considered to be a fluent speaker when you are able to speak the language on quite a high level

That reminds of an old joke: The ultimate test of your German skills is listening to „Jan Delay“ and understand a word he says. (being a famous German hip-hopper that tends to talk „through clenched teeth“)
Thanks for sharing your thoughts. Yeah, everything should be simple.
Yep. That's the invention of GPL2 -> GPL3.

PS: I love how one gets flagged for expressing an opinion. Public lynching and censorship rather than debate.
I had always wondered what the avionics in the early F-111 looked like. Thanks for documenting this!
> Bitcoin's and Ethereum's prices are consistently higher now than they were 2 years ago

Just wanted to come back and say - today the price (Currently ~$15950) has dipped below the price two years ago (~$16100)

So that didn't age so well!
AGPL is a restrictive license. You can't do a TiVO or a SaaS app with it.
So, I actually responded purely about your narrow claim, and not about picking citizens at random. I don't really have an opinion about that. Although I would point out that right now we're selecting for a certain type of person who wants to win and can take heat and craft messaging and analyze options in terms of communications spending. But narcissism, more than anything, seems required. What else drives someone to become a politician? Precious few politicians seem like they were "called" to do that work, despite wanting a more humble, quieter life. Maybe someone like Jimmy Carter? I'd say its an intriguing idea, one worth trying on a more local scale, like for mayor or city counsel. See if things fall apart. If not, try at a higher scale, and repeat.
>"...switching times are not zero, and until you learn that lesson you'll be releasing a lot of smoke."

This is particularly spectacular when those babies control motors ;)
Absolutely beautiful collection of machinery, though just a single brief thought about the tolerance stackup in that thing will inevitably give me nightmares for weeks.

Any idea what that stackup looks like, and how the resultant error in calculations/readings was communicated to the pilot?
Or just jump ship and leave someone else to clean up the mess in 3 years.
This is a gross misrepresentation of the history of capitalism. In the western world, calling on the army to stop a workers uprising was a common feat up to WWII and some variation of that still occurs frequently in France via the gendarmerie (admittedly with "less-lethal" weaponry).

The most famous example of that in the USA is certainly the battle of Blair Mountain. [0] The Chicago haymarket affair, while not about soldiers shooting workers, did result in innocent men condemned to death sentence. [1] There's likely more but i wouldn't know.

I'm from France, and there's a lot of it over here too. The democratic Paris Commune was overthrown by the military, killing tens of thousands of civilians. [2] The strikes of Fourmies [3] and Draveil [4] were also literally shot down.

We could also name the Vital Michalon or Rémi Fraisse killed by law enforcement (specifically grenades) for their political activities, or the revolutionaries sitting in jail long after their sentences ended (Action Directe, George Abdallah). And of course the countless "ordinary" murders by law enforcement in popular districts, and the incredible massacres perpetuated both by police/military and fascist militias in the context of colonization/decolonization such as the Setif massacre [5] where the Algerians celebrating the end of WWII and the defeat of nazism were shot and many thousands were killed.

Of course, to be fair, such massacres are a common feature of repressive regimes all around the world... and leninist regimes as well, such as during the Kronstadt Commune [6] or the Makhnovshchina in Ukraine. [7] But as any clearheaded thinker will tell you, most so-called "communist" regimes had nothing to do with communism and everything to do with State capitalism [8], which explains the many similarities.

Still, despite my criticism of their regime, you could be surprised to see how trade unions fare in Cuba, what the working conditions are like there, and that they have one of the best healthcare systems around the planet.

[0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Blair_Mountain

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haymarket_affair

[2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paris_Commune

[3] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fusillade_de_Fourmies

[4] https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%A8ve_de_Draveil-Villeneu...

[5] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A9tif_and_Guelma_massacre

[6] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kronstadt_rebellion

[7] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makhnovshchina

[8] https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/emma-goldman-there-i...
FTX failings and venture bubbles
Audio, video, timestamp, transcript:

* https://rationalreminder.ca/podcast/207
I wonder how many websites / applications would break or error if a user tried to enter a valid 555 number.
Guessing it’s a flamebait post.
Because almost no software starts with millions or billions of customers. Almost no software reaches that many users. Of the software that does, a lot of it is monetized indirectly (ads, telemetry, being a "value-add" for something else).

And, importantly, because as much as it's natural for software to be commoditized (thanks to low natural barriers to entry), it's also the core goal for pretty much every software company to resist commoditization. This is especially pronounced with SaaS. One way or another, the users are to a degree a captive audience.

Or, in other words, the software vendors don't give a flying fuck about performance, and ergonomics in general, because they don't have to - it's not like you can just switch to a competitor. Almost none of the software used by masses has a real alternative - there are always incompatibilities, feature mismatch, and data ownership issues that make it too big of a hassle for most people, most of the time.
This is a trademark infringement complaint, not a DMCA takedown notice. There is no safe harbor for Google here, thus no counter-notice procedure, and no incentive for Google to be named themselves in a trademark infringement suit.
This is not exclusive.

I guess you are talking about GitHub "stealing" code for its copilot service.

They didn't "free" anything. All the code they took is publicly available, they just took it and included it into proprietary software. And part of the code they took is under a license (GPL) that essentially says "you can do what you want with the code, as long as you share what you are doing with it", and they don't. Copilot is not public. Not only that, but by potentially suggesting snippets of GPL code in projects that are not open source, they encourage others to do the same.
Our TCL Roku TV is slow as molasses to turn on and do stuff. Since we solely use it with an Apple TV device, I'd LOVE firmware that simply booted fast and allowed me to switch between inputs.
I was trying this the other day but I had a strange bug where some lines were missing when screen refreshes the output making things like scrolling in emacs close to impossible.
At a FAANG, a Product Design IC can make up to around $350k/yr. A SWE can regularly make $1M/yr. My BiL is an eng manager and he makes a little over that.
One thing I've noticed is that most engineers seem to be relatively happy and stay at places longer. Most designers seem to be miserable.

Just my 2¢, but having hard, understood metrics can be easier in many ways vs much more nebulous things that can be hard to quantify. That kind of turns into more of a popularity contest.
The bank would issue IOUs (bank notes/promisory notes etc) that were redeemable 1-to-1 to the physical currency.
I wish I had time and energy for projects like this. Like the olden days.

How do you keep this curiosity alive into adulthood?
> You're ignoring what it takes to bring the coal to the powerplant too.

908g/kWh is the mine to wall socket emissions figure I was using. Do you have a better supported one?

https://insideevs.com/news/347916/tesla-model-3-epa-energy-c...

In EPA tests the tesla from the wall uses about 260Wh/km. Real world reports say range is from 80% to 110% of claimed, so we'll bump it up to 300Wh/km

Our Mazda gets 8L/100km claimed (over 9 real world https://www.fuelly.com/car/mazda/cx-5) or 665Wh/km. A Civic is about the same real world if you wanted to compare that.

If we burn that exact same gasolene (probably the most energy intensive fuel to extract) in a 58% efficient CCGT and use the 6% transmission loss of the US grid we get 330Wh.

If you stop taking all of your rounding in the direction that favours the ICE you get around 240Wh for the EV vs 400Wh for the ICE. An Ioniq is slightly more efficient again.

Even a fully fossil fueled grid requires less energy for the most popular EV than the most popular ICE car no matter which way you slice it. As soon as you use gas or coal or relax the assumptions where you drive the EV hard with the heater on and the ICE carefully with both on the highway you get more than double per energy input.
Worth noting that around $3M a day of twitter’s losses exist only to pay the debt Elon himself took on. Why would Twitter employees be working to pay for Elon to be CEO rather than for their own lunches?
Show HN: Blarb V2 – Ephemeral microblogging that promotes unfiltered sharing
We are excited to announce that we are launching version 2 of Blarb. Blarb is an ephemeral microblogging platform that promotes unfiltered sharing. Anything you share in Blarb gets deleted in 24 hours. Real names are optional, no likes, and no follower count.

New features in version 2:
- Improved discovery by introducing explore page.
- Instant notifications in supported browsers.
- Recent blurbs in the landing page.
- Improved UI/UX in some of the pages.
- And the most requested Dark mode.

Happy #sharing.

https://blarb.co
Very fun article, thanks for sharing :)

I think the current title ‘You could own a 555-XXXX phone number but Verizon’s charged you $2,500 to use it’ doesn’t capture how bad the deal was —- here’s the relevant quote from the article

> Verizon was notorious for charging high fees to establish service to 555 numbers, charging $2,500 for each area code that you wanted your 555 number to be routed in.