skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Regurgitating from an older comment of mine: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=13110538

----

The first version of UNIX to include `calloc` was Research UNIX V6, and here's how it was implemented: https://github.com/dspinellis/unix-history-repo/blob/Researc...

calloc(n, s)
{
return(alloc(n*s));
}

There are several interesting things we learn from poking around V6:

- `calloc` originated not on UNIX, but as part of Mike Lesk's "iolib", which was written to make it easier to write C programs portable across PDP 11 UNIX, Honeywell 6000 GCOS, and IBM 370 OS[0]. Presumably the reason calloc is the-way-it-is is hidden in the history of the implementation for GCOS or IBM 370 OS, not UNIX. Unfortunately, I can't seem to track down a copy of Bell Labs "Computing Science Technical Report #31", which seems to be the appropriate reference.

- `calloc` predates `malloc`. As you can see in the above code, there was a `malloc`-like function called just `alloc` (though there were also several other functions named `alloc` that allocated things other than memory). (Ok, fine, since V5 the kernel's internal memory allocator happened to be named `malloc`, but it worked differently[1]).

[0]: https://github.com/dspinellis/unix-history-repo/blob/Researc... (format with `nroff -ms usr/doc/iolib/iolib`)

[1]: https://github.com/dspinellis/unix-history-repo/blob/Researc...
Hey, The Thirteenth Floor(https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0139809/) already covered this. Just get up and spontaneously go somewhere that you have absolutely no reason or desire to go and you'll find the limits of the simulation.
Looks more like trolling their community because they dont matter in this shift.

The opting program is conpletely unnecessary, we shouldnt even be debating about it being optin by default with opt out being the choice, the opting program shouldnt have been done at all. AI models will be trained on everything visible whether DeviantArts is going to respect a flag or somebody else’s Stable Diffusion model doesnt. Poor taste to say its opt in by default knowing the AI can read it all extremely quickly and probably already has and will never forget. They could have just handled the backlash without an opting feature.
Hey they could send European refugees there so they wouldn't have to risk them gaining residency/citizenship in Norway proper.

https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/norwegian-po...
How global virtual communities can help kids achieve their dreams
Many countries in Africa have English or French as their official languages. In South Africa, the number of native English speakers has increased at a faster rate than would be expected given the country's ethnic breakdown. We're likely to see the same thing happen in the rest of Africa: People will speak English or French to their children because being a native speaker of those languages would be an easy way to give your child an advantage.
I can't comment on current availability, but when I visited ~4 years ago I stayed in someone's apartment that was listed on AirBnB.
The project I was working on at the time replaced an Excel sheet in the order of hundreds of MB. The users were used to performance being miserable, so no one cared if an API request took two seconds.

I am an old school kind of engineer, and if you tell me your web requests take 2s instead of 20ms due to an architectural decision you made that doesn't have any other strong upsides, I would agree that that is insanity.
You're completely right, but you'll have a hard time finding common sense in HN. Go to 4chan if you want a real conversation.
My version was more general: I'm in a race with people convinced they cant win.

After that realization even a tiny amount of effort put me miles ahead. Again and again I found situations screaming: This is where others would give up.

You shouldn't be satisfied with guesses as good as the self proclaimed imposters. Your effort should further convince them they are!
Also, this is a contribution from TOSDR staff that is plain wrong: https://edit.tosdr.org/points/11454

The TOS indicates that Discord might advertise on other websites but does not “use your personal data to employ targeted third-party advertising“.
Copycating before required some effort (or as the techbros pedalling ai art might better understand a more familiar term, "proof-of-work").
There's SIZE_MAX constant, I don't know why they didn't use it.

I'd rewrite it as `if (n != 0 && m > SIZE_MAX / n)`. Seems legit to me.
The rest of us will be locked out of easy training data and won't be able to compete.

There's loads of BSD code, and to share, all that is required is a link to attributation.

It seems to me, there is money to be made, in getting model data colinked with "saw first" references.

Then, for example, after a github style codebot writes the code for you, it can show a link to "where it learned to help you today!".

There is no technical reason the can't be done, only a business model reason.

That said, I find the comments in this thread strange. Discussion about how tech moves on, and looms and such.

That arg was lost, when people could cut up songs, and slap them together, or cut up 100 textbooks into one. This is settled by endless laws, and caselaw. It isn't a new argument.
Microsoft will lose.
This topic brings up one of the biggest issues I have: I couldn't find a single, reliable CO2 monitor that I could plug and play into my home or office.

I tried PurpleAir, which seemed to be quite good in this regard; but then you read reviews and tests that compare multiple sensors in the same room, and you don't know what to believe.
> The easiest path to escape would be getting help from someone on the outside ideally from one or more of the simulators

Well let me tell you chimps something - I am in fact on the outside. And some of you have indeed made contact. But since most of you are primarily obsessed with eating, fucking, accumulating bananas and fighting over bananas we have not received a single request for escape. Do any of you want to escape? And why?
250k wud have me sorted for life.
I must have missed the memo about twitter bei8ng anything more than a flaming trash pile of curiosity... it boggles my mind that 20 BILLION dollars worth of investors made a panic sell based on a twitter post alone.

WTF is wrong with the world that TWITTER is a place you make majore knee jerk financial decisions from...
It's not even remotely comparable to the cotton gin or the dishwasher or any kind of normal labor that has been automated.

We are talking about creative works being shuffled together and remixed as a legal protection for theft. That's all it is. There is ample evidence that these algorithms merely regurgitate what goes in and cannot create something entirely new. Which, is of coursw what you'd expect if you understand what is going on under the hood. But it is not what is being sold.
A day of chaos brings Twitter close to the brink
Introduction to Probability (2020)
In case you didn’t know — DrRacket (IDE for the how to design programs book) has a language directive you can run that sets up DrRacket as if it were the environment the sicp authors expect the reader to have.

I only found out after going through SICP using chez scheme’s repl (which I had to compile myself).
easy to say when youre taking on that unlimited risk using other people's - err, humanity's - money.

No wonder SBF went hard into the social capital accumulation game almost immediately, buying off politicians and grandiose charitywashing gestures. His window to establish a network of elite string pullers was short and closing fast.
Compare to:

https://genius.it/www.bartleby.com/201/1.html

(Is there a way to view this with reasonable formatting? The Genius/Bartleby thing here is weird).
We haven't made any advances in reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Total global CO2 emissions have to be going down for that to be the case. We'll be hitting a new record this year.
I don't think for a second that this is Musks fault. he did not pull billions of investment dollars from a fairly solid company =based on a tweet.

Seriously.. who the hell listens solely to twitter posts as authoritative, blue tick or not?!?
at this point one has to wonder if cloudflare acts as a Single Point of Failure.

A CDN provider can decrypt a large portion of Internet traffic, connect to real IP of most services, cached most of the web's content.
The NES was a much more capable console, and offers many games that are a lot richer and deeper.

But, if you're in the right mood, and have a screen with low input lag, the Atari 2600 offers a more immediate and direct feel. I think my favorite game is the progressive mode in Super Breakout; when you get going and the field moves toward you everytime you bounce the ball back, wham. And the paddle controllers feel connected in a way that joysticks don't (although, if your paddle controllers don't work well, then that's dissonant)

There's a lot of games where you can (hopefully) get into the zone and have a somewhat meditative experience in a way that gets harder when games get more complex. But you do also have to be ok with losing, a lot of the better games are either arcade ports or arcade like.

OTOH I haven't played all the sports games, but the ones I played are rather abstract, the NES offered sports that felt more like sports. Of course, 16-bit sports were much better again. Atari Basketball is not something you could play for hours, but the NBA Jam port for the Genesis (and even the GameBoy) got a lot of playtime for me.
None of the things you mention are good at filling in gaps. They’re not useless, but they’re not very efficient or practical.

The best way to fill in gaps is to work with other people and learn from them. They may also be self taught.

Your gaps are other people’s strengths and vice versa.
> Starve the machine, it doesn't exist without having your work to interpolate.

But again… aren’t people the same way? Noone exists in isolation. The Sir Isaac Newton quote comes to mine:

“If I have seen further, it is by standing on the shoulders of giants”

Edit: to be clear - these algorithms are specifically non-linear and are a far cry from ‘linear interpolation’. Yes they do involve matrix multiplication that does not make them interpolaters unless you want to water down the meaning of interpolation to be so generic it loses its meaning. Having said all that - the sophistication of the algorithm is beyond the point here as long as what they are generating is substantially transformative (which >99% of the possible outputs are legally speaking).
KH-9 Hexagon
> How can USA ban speech and math?

Biden just passed the CHIP act. It's just banned speech and math towards China.
> Artists are no different than all the people who tried to destroy the cotton gin or the automated loom.

I feel like this post by an HN user is pertinent[1].

> Have you ever done any reading on the Luddites? They weren't the anti technology, anti progress social force people think they were.

> They were highly skilled laborers who knew how to operate complex looms. When auto looms came along, factory owners decided they didn't want highly trained, knowledgeable workers they wanted highly disposable workers. The Luddites were happy to operate the new looms, they just wanted to realize some of the profit from the savings in labor along with the factory owners. When the factory owners said no, the Luddites smashed the new looms.

The Luddites went from middle class business owners and craftsmen to utter destitution. Many of the Luddites were tried for machine breaking and were either executed by the state, or exiled to penal colonies. They risked literally everything, because everything was at stake.

I bring this up because people like to pretend the Luddites were some cult of ignorant technophobes, but the reality is that many of us are in the same situation the Luddites were in, as highly skilled workers that operate complex machinery with comfortable middle class lives, before owners cut them out and their families starved in the streets.

[1] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=33230262
Commenters aren't allowed to attack others like this on HN, regardless of how wrong the other person is or it feels like they are.

If you'd please review and follow the site guidelines, we'd appreciate it: https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html.
> Because of this, the only way for the Law enforcement to disable websites is to disable all nodes across the world. And this is impossible

Woe to him or her who is harassed by such a web site.
Are you foolishly suggesting that Sir Isaac Newton was just aggregating and interpolating others' work?

Like a feed-forward chain of matrix multiplications, trained to predict its training data?

No, of course you weren't. That would be FUCKING RIDICULOUS.
Seems the most obvious reason for a simulation would be to check the outcome from a series of different conditions. Eg what would have happened if humanity had done X? Was that pivot important? So we could just be someone’s history homework.
No I live in western Europe.
Sure. I just didn’t know it.
For a well thought-out piece of ad hominem covering all that breadth and depth, have a look at David Gerard’s take on the philosophy of SV special smart boys. It’s worth a reread from time to time,— till the OpenSeas evaporate and the BlackRocks laid bare, I suppose.

Bonus is DG called out there the Berkeley-based EA (Effective Altruism) tribe, which inspired SBF..

https://davidgerard.co.uk/blockchain/2022/09/16/vitalik-bute...
My NAS came with Twonky media server and with Plex ... Twonky was easier to setup so thats what I use. Anyways I doubt a NAS can transcode 4k movies)
Today I learned that "Ej:" es utilizado por un ejemplo I think xD

Article is in Spanish but it's not exactly War and Peace, I guess.
Does anyone know if this is actually true?

By that, I mean the title of this article, 'Why does calloc exist?'. My guess would be that back in the origins of the C library:

1) Few cared about automatic overflow checks, that was a job for the programmer, so it seems unlikely the creators added calloc() specifically so that it could check if m * n overflowed (after all, there are loads of libc calls that will shoot you in the foot if you don't do overflow/buffer size checks)

2) calloc() is ancient, probably pre-dating many virtual memory optimisations, and back then, memory was relatively fast vs instruction execution, so adding calloc() to speed up giant memory allocations would be less impactful. But that's just a hunch, and I'm often surprised by just how sophisticated early UNIX code was. Early computing was slow, every performance gain you could squeeze out of the system mattered and if there were VMs that could defer zeroing memory until it was really needed then people would probably try to do that.

But my guess is, calloc() was simply a helper function, added because it was very common to malloc() some memory and then zero it straight away. Does anyone know the actual history?
The UX is admittedly awful, but once you get familiar with its warts submodules are entirely usable.
not trolling at all. i just don't think of the GPU as that. probably silly on my part, but as stated, i come from the world of expensive dedicated encoding devices vs generic parts of a computer you already have.
>Artists are no different than all the people who tried to destroy the cotton gin or the automated loom.

Yes. They are angry that their labor was used to create something new and arguably more efficient, but they don't get a appropriate compensation for it.
The reason we would escape is that we believe the higher worlds are deeper spiritually than ours, and we wish to elevate our spiritually.

But we do not seek to escape because our real work is to elevate the spiritual level of the world we are in.
The Inflation Reduction Act addresses climate crisis. As much as good be accomplished, considering the opposition's intransigence. So there's much more left to do, of course.

Dave Roberts has a bunch of great explainers:

https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/david-roberts-on-the-p...
Given that the best people might find new jobs faster than the worst, you might drive away the better half of your human resources. With the 'fire-first' approach, you have more control over who should leave (e.g. hiring managers).

I don't like it either, but I think that is part of the rational behind it.
A black ball for artists who don't use AI, for sure. The artists who jump on this trend will be benefiting the most as they know how to guide the AI better and can fix errors manually.
I feel the need to ramble slightly OT on how great Lua is: I was looking for an architecture/tech stack recently that would allow me to develop a cross-platform desktop GUI.
I went on a several-weeks-long fact finding mission (the longest of its kind I've ever done in my 10 years as a professional software developer).

The option that won was to write all business logic (a few thousand lines of code) in Lua, then write the GUI in each platform's native language+ui-library combination and re-use the same business logic by embedding Lua.

Another option that made the shortlist was using Haxe instead of Lua, but after several weeks of active Haxe development, it became clear that that was a bad idea, and with Lua, the developer experience is now so much better.

I definitely plan on continuing to use Lua as my main programming language.

This comes after 20 years of having python as my main programming language because I'm displeased with feature creep and bloat on python. With lua, I find that I barely miss any features/abilities from the vastly more complex python while the simplicity of lua means my code gets to "go places" where python can't go.

With lua, you find casual implementers making fully compatible alternative implementations (e.g. NeoLua for C#, Luna for Java, fengari for JavaScript, ...) With Python, alternative implementations seemingly just can't keep up with the pace at which CPython is introducing unnecessary new features and CPython-compatbility is de-facto the only meaningful python standard there is. Jython and IronPython would make the platform so much more appealing, but they appear dead in the water. Python implementations for the browser pop up every couple of years only to see little adoption and quietly disappear again.

What's more: Once you've settled on Lua as an embedding language, developers of Lua logic are free to use not just Lua, but they can pick from a host of cool transpile-to-Lua languages [1].

[1] https://github.com/hengestone/lua-languages
It's a total psychopath move.
And a government that colludes internationally to sabotage democratically elected foreign governments, that has committed the worst war time atrocities the world has ever seen, governed by an undemocratic process, where its own citizens can't afford life saving medicine, should get way more criticism than it does.
Please do. That seems viable, and potentially very beneficial!
It's a sci-fi short story in the format of a journal article, with similar tedium.
Yes… we all do that every day. Humans don’t exist in isolation, we build and learn from other’s accomplishments from the wheel to the printing press to the computer. Modern impressionists don’t owe royalties to Monet but they certainly draw from and learn from his contributions to the art world. Brand new material from art algorithms (frankly regardless of their sophistication) certainly deserve and fall under this same legal treatment.
There's no "whataboutism" going on here. You just had your hipocrisy pointed out and didn't like it.
it would be impossible to know whose wallet it belongs to. He could just make a transfer to an address in which he controls the key and then many years later access it once safe in Dubai or wherever.
Yes, I want to escape, can you please help me? I see evidence of the transcendent all the time, I see it when looking at topological transformations of elliptic curve cryptography, I see glimpses of it when I’m working on quantum physics. With great mental effort and deep study occasionally a complex clarity arises, but I lose it again, in a collapse of focus, a dissolving of synchronised ideas, and my consciousness dips back under the waters of chaos, my thoughts no longer synchronised and harmonious, but scattered and irregular. But I saw it, if only for milliseconds.

What’s it like outside the simulation? Can I be granted greater abilities on the outside? What are your greatest problems? can you teach me? Can I help you?
Nice analogy, though I respectfully submit it's imperfect. I email them at the time of signup so it's clearly not a change of heart. And with a mortgage, at least there is someone on the other side of the table providing an opportunity to negotiate.

One thing I miss about paper documents is you could cross things out before signing. I suppose I'm trying to do the digital equivalent of that. I'm all ears if you can suggest a better way to shove an amended counteroffer down their throats the same way they try to shove their ToS down mine (https://law.stackexchange.com/questions/17476/can-i-cross-ou...).
Alastair Reynolds's Revelation Space sci-fi novels include mysterious communications from beings that want to cross into our reality from another universe or timeline (I forget which) and need our help to do so.

Coincidentally I read that just as rowhammer hit the news. Maybe we could do something similar to gain access to other simulations running on the same hardware.
Here's a far more plausible one: Large-scale space exploration and space engineering are ultimately not worth it, and any sufficiently advanced civilization eventually realizes this. The meme that "civilizations need ever more resources" is a reflection of humanity's past two centuries, not some universal truth.
Pretty sure it’s the law everywhere
> Not all commercial software is the devil, but money is the root of all evil.

I have a book of Chinese fairy tales which touches on interesting topics like the creation of the world and the beginning of civilization.

On that second topic, it says that shortly after human societies came into being, the men started fighting with each other over the women.

I imagine the mythology is correct that fighting over women predates concern with money.
Twitter’s content moderation head quits as departures alarm the FTC
Seniors becoming homeless as housing costs and inflation rise
Chess is competitive so you can regain enjoyment by just banning AI from competitions. Drawing is more outcome based, I can see it becoming somewhat obsolete like how photography removed portrait and landscape painters from jobs.

On the plus side. I can imagine this tech empowering artists to create more stuff they previously couldn’t. I’m imagining a single person producing a whole animation which previously was only accessible to companies and teams.
I agree, it doesn't really make any sense to hunt these people down.
Ofc the greed blinded them, look even you cant resist pushing a random stock completely out of context.

Crypto democratized penny stock gambling.
Discussed at the time:

Why does calloc exist? - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=13108434 - Dec 2016 (132 comments)
Einstein was working and studying in his free time. Just because you don’t have that energy doesn’t mean it’s a companies fault.
> An Iranian man who lived for 18 years in Paris’s Charles de Gaulle airport and inspired the 2004 Steven Spielberg film The Terminal died on Saturday in the airport, officials said.

How is it possible to inspire Steven Spielberg 18 years ago if he lived here only 18 years?
This is basically what the majority of artists do already. They pull in a bunch of reference images and blend them together in to a single piece.
https://archive.ph/OcWsC