skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Regarding the "confirmation about Margulis’ endosymbiotic origin of mitochondria and chloroplasts", I assume that OP has meant that after this event (her paper was published in 1967) it became clear that the original view of the evolution of the living beings as along a tree has been overly simplistic.

Even if the most common form of evolution is the appearance of several new species by differentiation from a common ancestor, there are also many cases when a new species appears as a hybrid of 2 previously distinct species.

This hybridization happens most frequently between closely related species, by the normal process of syngamy between reproductive cells (i.e. fusion of gametes), and this does not change much the form of the evolution tree, but in a few cases the hybridization has occurred between extremely distantly related living beings, as a consequence of the evolution of a symbiosis relationship towards the integration of 2 distinct cells, until they have merged into a hybrid cell, which reproduces as a unit and which can no longer be separated into the former independent constituents without causing death.

Because of these very long range hybridization cases, the evolution tree has merged branches, so it is no longer a tree in the graph theory sense, even if most smaller parts of it are still trees.

Besides these cases of complete hybridization, the form of the evolution tree is complicated by partial hybridizations, i.e. by the so-called lateral transfer of genes, which is frequently mediated by viruses, between unrelated species, e.g. between snakes and frogs, as reported right now in another thread on HN.

So, like in a code repository, in the evolution of the DNA the most frequent event is creating forks, which are then edited separately (i.e. separate DNA mutations in distinct species), the next most frequent event is to copy and paste some code fragment from a branch to another branch (i.e. lateral transfer of genes between distinct species), and the least frequent event is the merge of 2 distinct branches, which is less and less frequent the more the branches have diverged since forking, because that increases the chances of fatal bugs in the merged code (i.e. species hybridization events).

It should be noted however, that while Margulis’ supposition about the endosymbiotic origin of mitochondria and chloroplasts has been confirmed beyond any reasonable doubt, she got carried away by the enthusiasm of understanding these important events in the history of the living beings and she had also made a third proposal, that also the flagella of the eukaryotes are the result of an endosymbiotic event. This third supposition was wrong.
Anything related to COVID or vaccines for example.
One of the important Fluent Forever tips missing from this blob post is optimizing, as far as possible, the process of getting things into Anki, which is discussed here:

https://blog.fluent-forever.com/multi-search/

Extending the multi-search idea, with AnkiConnect (a REST API into your own local Anki database) and a little code (and a few tricks like disabling X-Frame-Options on sites like Google Images) you can get to the point where you just click on on the images/audio files you want in the flash cards.
I'm going to answer "no." It's how you can answer all headline 'questions.'
Every day I thank god that I was born disabled and not black, since I've started talking to Americans I've learned it's the absolute worse thing you can be, regardless of the issue being discussed or personal circumstances.
What’s an example of an unnecessary thing?
An even distribution of money (and I presume you mean assets, too) would imply a decentralization of purchasing power. But if it were arrived at through taxation and redistribution, then the overall economic power would still be centrally administered. Such a scheme would intrinsically require a bunch of laws to regulate what "even" means, who is in scope, what can be saved, incentivize performing transactions despite "evening out", etc. That's all centralized structure.

Conversely, if the financial industry had grown into the centralized behemoth it has become without trillions in government handouts, then it would make sense to say that decentralized capitalism only ever exists as temporary stage and is ultimately doomed as the big players collect all the chips. This is the conclusion a lot of people have come to about "late stage capitalism", but I'd say they're ignoring the trillions in government subsidies that feed the centralized structure.

FWIW in the context of your profile, I think slowing financial industry subsidies (first step, raising interest rates) would go a long way towards reducing natural resource usage. Monetary policy certainly isn't going to stop anyone from dumping plastic into the ocean, but it would cause less throwaway plastic crap to be produced in the first place.
B2B SaaS marketing is one of those things where its absolutely awful, and yet works well enough. So in light of the recent downturn managers are just cracking the whip and telling their marketing/development/sales/enablement people and tools to spam-harder. Taking an already bad experience and dialing up the volume.

As a buyer in the past I vehemently hated it. As a sales engineer now I fully realize i'm part of the problem, but have no solutions/alternatives to offer. Product led growth is my preferred approach but never have I ever seen a company not doing that switch to doing that.
I suspect nitrogen remediation with carbon capture using fast-growing plants like bamboo might be part of the solution.

One thing eludes me, though: the Netherlands' highly productive agricultural exports are mostly due to growing vegetables like tomatoes in greenhouses, where th effluent can be controlled. Nitrogen pollution is typically more the result of large-scale livestock or pig farming. The sector actually impacted by the restrictions might not be the most productive one.
I'm curious and would love to take a look. Any chance any of that code is available somewhere? My c++, little that I write, mostly looks like C and I'd love to learn something new.
> Worse, I need to confirm the doctor kept in mind _all_ of this in my treatment plan, because I've had awful reactions when they haven't.

I'm not disabled but do have some chronic stuff. A couple decades ago I started carrying my medical record (well...the synopsis) to the doctors office for this reason. Especially when you end up in a clinic rather than a real private practice you're often not guaranteed to even see the same doctor twice.

> This is terrible for the doctor. I'm making them go over time, be late to the rest of their appointments for the day, and asking them for extra energy and brain cycles for treatment, for no extra money.

Though I'd not worry about this. My insurance EOB stated for a simple visit and bloodwork the doctor charged well over $1300. I saw the doctor for exactly 10 minutes. Make them work a little for their money.
European countries signed multi billion dollar contracts with Russia and ignored all the human rights abuses. Russian elite was welcomed with open arms in London and Paris without questioning the source of their wealth.
There was no shunning going on. Even after 2014 Crimea incident nobody was cutting ties.

This persecution complex is bizarre.
This is a very underappreciated aspect. The systems (i.e., avionics and portions attached to the avionics) would have also needed significant updates ($$$) to keep the aircraft relevant into the 21st century. It's not just the engines that needed modernizing.
Ask HN: What is dbPaaS? How is it different from DBaaS?
I noticed the term dbPaaS in Gartner's report but there is no definition about it. Googled the term without much information. So I am wondering what dbPaaS is. Is it just another notion of DBaaS? If so, why bother a new term? Thanks!
Anonymous commenters throwing shade are much more toxic as you are never held accountable for your actions.
I'm not disagreeing that there's some potential hypocrisy or irony here - I just don't see any relation between the things in your list.
I think just a few minutes in most cases
Russia's performance in Ukraine has been so abysmal I believe Western war hawks are most offended.
Hunting kernel lock and interrupt latency
I think some of the other comments miss an important point. 600W of power draw means that you need 50A of current through those connectors. Or a bunch of transformers. You can design it around the old 12V standard but why? For reference, the amperage leading into the house is typically around 100A; you only need around 24A for an electric range / oven. 50A at 12V is probably not optimal.

Does the old way of building PCIe cards still make sense when the GPU now draws more power than all of the other system components combined? GPU sag (i.e. the card weighs so damn much) is such an issue that one manufacturer actually put a level in their card.[0] The 4090 probably needs three slots just to keep it attached to the motherboard.

When someone buys a desktop these days, it's very often because they need a discrete GPU. You buy a dedicated desktop GPU because the thermal envelope of a laptop can't support a card that would draw 600W - even if it were possible to shrink the card into a laptop (or make the laptop big enough to fit the 600W card). The top of the line Intel processors draw in the neighborhood of 150W but that doesn't necessitate going to a different form factor. Future motherboard and south bridge designs should mount the GPU independently of the other components.

[0] https://www.tomshardware.com/news/geforce-rtx-4090-has-a-spi...
Yeah. The obvious missing comparison is the cost to produce that classic car…
I appreciate the Moneyball reference, but the term you're looking for is Taylorism, or Scientific Management [1].

If you're looking for someone to curse for managers always wanting a unit of measurement or a KPI, or race-to-the-bottom tactics like what we're seeing everywhere, you're looking for Fredrick Taylor.

It's morphed since then, but he's worth knowing about so you know the deeper problem.

[1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientific_management
I don't understand how a plane like that would work in a serious conflict. A week of maintenance after an hour of flight? Anyone depending on those planes in a war wouldn't last very long.
I saw an F-14 during fleet week in San Francisco when I was still in high school...we were watching from the pedestrian pathway on the golden gate bridge. It broke the sound barrier, and I still remember the shock wave and the sound of the bridge cables vibrating for 5-10 seconds afterwards. It was terrifying...I seriously thought the bridge would be damaged from it. I'm still not sure what the story was behind it, whether it was an accident or an "accident", but it made me fully appreciate the reasons why supersonic flight is not allowed over land.
Some recycling may involve disassembling and grading cells for usage in lower current draw applications. Lot's of things with great batteries in them get thrown out everyday.
Lost tax revenues are essentially sponsoring and favoring a religion over others. That's the same as the state promoting a religion.
> As it continued to grow, I additionally trademarked the name “Gitea” in order to protect the project’s brand. (More on the trademark later.)

...

> I have also transferred both the domains and trademarked name to Gitea Ltd. so that they are no longer personally owned by me and will remain indefinitely with the Gitea project.

(no further mention of trademarks)

So, I think the take away here is as a response to the core demands of the 'open letter' being:

- A non-profit organisation owned by the Gitea community is created.

- The Gitea trademark and domains are transferred to the non-profit.

- The name of the company is changed to avoid any confusion with the non-profit.

The answer is bluntly; no.

With regard to the concerns raised about use use of a DAO, the response is (as previously):

> One of the options we have been considering includes a decentralized autonomous organization (DAO). ... The DAO management model would also not mean the creation of a gitcoin or crypto token.

So, basically no acknowledgement that using a DAO is fundamentally indistinguishable from using crypto.

A pretty ho-hum response, in my personal opinion.

Well, it is what it is.
> In which case, wouldn’t the strain on the first coupling be insane in this train?

In this instance, this was not the case. There was power distributed along the train as it was composed of many powered units coupled together.
You sprinkle engines along the train

https://gorail.org/infrastructure/nuts-bolts-why-is-there-an...
I think you are right to criticize chiefalchemist, the comment is more snark than substance.

The argument, as far as I understand it, is that if the Fed knew/believed in the arguments in the linked article, they would or should have acted differently over the last 10 years.

The argument falls apart because no reason is given for the Fed acting differently. The Fed does not have a mandate to maintain corporate profitability nor does it set tax rates. They are surely aware that their actions have impacts on corporations, and they surely do consider this, but their mandate is clear:

The Federal Reserve Act mandates that the Federal Reserve conduct monetary policy "so as to promote effectively the goals of maximum employment, stable prices, and moderate long-term interest rates."

https://www.federalreserve.gov/monetarypolicy/monetary-polic...
I suppose there is a small conflict of interest as Tesla is paying some of its employees to do this work which doesn't benefit Tesla. As long as Twitter compensates them for this in some form however, I think this conflict is eliminated.

It's true though that a Tesla shareholder likely wouldn't want Tesla employee's focus to shift to Twitter too much I don't think.
Spot on. It becomes more clear when you ask who pays medical professionals salaries?

Insurance companies do.

Insurance companies are medical professionals’ bosses.

The customer receiving treatment has no influence on the standard of care.
The only personality cult that threats you listening to him is finding out your own self. Cultivating own self may be called selfish by somebody without self or somebody selfless. But it's just one of choices.
The same way you have no obligation to do anything in this world or be anybody.
Nobody is born as saviour of world, not even own saviour.
In times where world imposes on you more and more this basic idea of personal freedom & choice suddenly starts being controversial.
the world 100 years ago was dirtier, poorer but much less suffocating for a free soul.
Before total ideologies, statism, centralisation of everything including free minds & basic cultural realities.

The most dangerous thing nowadays is going all in with what the main flow is flushing everyone into ;-)

He also "defends" the darker side.

He considered people plainly imperfect or openly corrupt more trustworthy than these with best intentions.

Because they getting a clear deal don't break the trade while some Saint goodies tend to hide ungly face.

Enough to observe fates of businesses built on "friendships"... splitting up more often than modern marriages and in uglier way..

This includes the ugly truths behind hypocritically democratic, narrow-minded binary systems, like a hammer seeing everywhere a nail.

At leasts these points made perfect sense for me observing reality.

Maybe it's just incompatible with your actual ideology. Maybe time to go deep into validity of it?
Who said selflessness or altruism is not dangerous? If somebody imposes it on others that becomes really ugly really fast?
Like why somebody modifies my choice in shop by some ideological carbon footprint? that's my personal choice what I want. Especially when you are aware it's a complete unscientific bs.
I was in a cable car with my wife in a Russian resorts area, Sochi, and a 'senior old couple entered sitting opposite to us. I immediately started a conversation with my 20 phrases I have learnt asking him where he was from. He snapped and started shouting at me in that small space.I understood that he was telling me it was me who should have said where I was from as I look foreign.
I knew I screwed up by not starting with a polite Russian pozhaluysta. Still that did not stop me from interacting with Russians who are normally very easy going and open to strangers in a naive way sometimes.
Ironically, I belong to the ethnic people what were in that region and were killed by the Russians.

Sochi Was the Site of a Horrific Ethnic Cleansing https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/150-years-ago-Sochi-w...
You are repeating obvious russian lies. Especially funny is the accusation of corruption. Might I remind you that Yanukovych - the former pro-russian president of Ukraine that out of pretty small president salary build himself a mansion in nature reserve near a big lake where he had (among other things) - a yacht, a classic car museum with over 100 classic cars stored in weather-controlled hangars, a route to use these cars on, a small zoo and fake ruins (all of these I've seen on my own eyes when I visited in 2018) - who had protesters shot in 2014 and who faked elections in 2004 and poisoned countercandidate Yushchenko - had escaped to Russia after he tried stopping the protests by shooting at them and it didn't worked.

Might I remind you that Putin is the richest person in the world? And that Russian state has a fund for bribing Ukrainian army officers? Which was defrauded by Russians before 2022 invasion :)

If you think Russia will save anybody from corruption you are really beyond saving.
The recessed updated sockets are good. The non recessed plugs were so bad for all kinda of reasons.
As someone who wasn't introduced to computers until the early 2000s, there's so much jargon in the story that I don't understand that it's a bit difficult for me to follow it.

¯ \ _ ( ツ ) _ / ¯
It looks like Tanashin is out of business now. At least their website returns a 401 and has for the past year or so (according to the internet archive).

Last snapshot: https://web.archive.org/web/20210117133724/https://www.tanas...
That may be the missing piece. I’ll look into it. The thanks!
I run Google Ads for a living.
For anyone else like me that was unaware, "gaylord" is a genericized term for a bulk box. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulk_box
A combination of cost-effectiveness and advantage
This is yet another argument for the transition of American health care from a primarily private for-profit operation to a socialized medicine model. Compare to the British NHS, which takes this issue into consideration and devotes resources to it:

https://www.england.nhs.uk/2017/09/nhs-england-launches-prac...

Yes, you can still get privatized health care if you want to pay for it in Britain, you can hire a nurse and doctor to follow you around 24-7 if you can find any willing to do so at the rate you're willing to pay.
It truly is Halloween
>>renewables in the US have been dominating the construction of new power plants>>
That may be the case but I think the question here is whether that success is based on the technology's own free market merits.

The statement I was responding to was this:
>>You're >10 years out of date solar and wind have been cost competitive for a long time>>

Here, for instance, just two months ago is the CEO of First Solar saying that "solar is going to be investible again [because of the Inflation Reduction Act]". This doesn't strike me as a technology that is exactly flying on its own. And again, to be clear, there is no judgement intended as to whether or not government market manipulation is justified - that's a different question.

https://www.wsj.com/articles/first-solar-to-invest-1-2-billi...
mdfind searches contents by default, thanks to the Spotlight index.
Google is not going to take on anything - can't remember the last acquisition they made they didn't entirely abandon and leave to wither on the vine. It's got to be YouTube hasn't it?
I dunno, that's the point. Since it only technically requires "reasonable accommodation" it's up to interpretation. "Reasonable accommodation" has been used by ambulance chasers to sink businesses. I'm sure a set of absolutes could be codified.

I'm getting downvoted to death for having an opinion again so I'm just gonna leave the topic.
Contrary to the author's belief, grocery store doors do not open when you step on a mat. They open due to change in incident light on a photoelectric effect sensor above the door.

It makes me so happy to think the Nobel committee, which was dominated by experimentalists, when considering Einstein's contributions to science, could only bring themselves to award him the prize for grocery store door openers.
The high end is down from the peak. Quad SLI GTX 980 used to require a separate power supply just for the graphics cards.
And there's a certain irony in the mouth-frothing cries of "propaganda" at the barest hint of something that could be (wildly mis)interpreted as opposed to their position.
Damn. I could be wrong, but the texts with Bret makes it look like Elon's ego was hurt, from texting with Parag.
>LFP (lithium iron phosphate) batteries are already used by Tesla and have a gravimetric energy density of 125 Wh/kg, much lower than Lithium-ion.

Tesla uses iron phosphate in its cheaper models, but the high end is still reliant on NMC. I'd be interested to know the maximum range available on LFP.

BYD sells a lithium-iron-phosphate battery with an energy density of 150 Wh/kg. CATL's LFP is 125.

Also, a lithium-iron-phosphate battery is a lithium-ion battery, in that the electrolyte works by lithium ionic conduction. The appropriate contrast would be "lithium-nickel".

>CATL currently produces a sodium-ion battery at 160 Wh/kg, and they expect the next generation to reach 200 Wh/kg.

This is reported as the "single-cell" energy density, and is not directly comparable to the battery pack density.

>Now consider that sodium-ion is less flammable and doesn't have the risk of thermal runaway.

Surely this isn't because of the stability of sodium, which anyone who watched that chemistry demonstration in high school knows, is significantly more reactive than lithium. I expect the risks to be similar; furthermore, the concept of a dense energy storage that has no risk of sudden release is physically unlikely.
Fair, last time I looked at that table there were still holes for MSVC but they're apparently done.
Cold emailing info@potential-buyer.com might not be the most effective way - but without a warm intro to potential-buyer - that is likely your only way to potentially make contact. Some of the smaller Flippa competitors also have off market buying and selling services that you could reach out to to be listed with potential buyers. I would suggest reaching out to thewebsiteflip.com and seeing what he suggests for your sale.
Good thing there's no war in Ukraine then, just "special military operation".

Joking aside - it's not as simple. For one thing in modern times nobody actually declares wars, and Russia isn't abiding to all the conventions anyway. So the rules are very fuzzy.

For another - selling weapons or providing volunteers was never considered "joining a war", even according to the strictest reading of the conventions assuming they applied.
Or their previous system based on voting: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=33373254

Which is STILL in the repo's README: https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/blob/main/CONTRIBUTING.md#...
YouTube is erasing history (2019)
I'm hopeful there is a "HN" like mode which is actually heavily moderated where only constructive, non-inflammatory discussion is allowed. I wouldn't use this all the time, but having one button to tune out all of the noise would be cool.
Your anger with what's going on is coming through clearly. It sounds like you don't approve of any of the steps being taken because it's a downsizing.

While you're entitled to your opinion, it doesn't seem particularly relevant in discussions about whether or not this process is effective.