skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Couple of year out of college and into my first engineering job, I went to work on a job to write code for the 68000-based controller of a signal processing system. It had been decided that we were to use this new language called C, which no one on the team was experienced with. I was sent to Houston to attend a one week class on C with the expectation that I could mentor the rest of the team. They were having to learn it from K&R. We used a new compiler from Green Hills, which was quite buggy, to compile our fragile code to run on a CPU our hardware colleagues had built that had its own bugs. We had a couple of big ass in-circuit emulators on which to do our debugging. They had quirks of their own, as well. Somehow, we were able to get it working quite well. As big of a challenge as it was, we had an absolute glorious time!
Thanks for the tips! That's pretty much exactly what my process looks like today if I want to figure out which variant is the most "popular." Most of the uncertainty is specifically about specialist sites like Digi-Key.

For example, the 74HC595 you linked is a super common shift register, but DK Canada has 88 listings for it. Some surface mount, some in different DIP configurations, and now I have to scour through and figure out the one variant that works for me.

Generalist sites like Amazon and AliExpress tend to mostly stock the variants that tinkerers/makers want when prototyping, which makes it easier for me to plop "74HC595" in the search bar and quickly get a sensible result, especially when sorting by amount sold.
What I'm trying to say is that craving fats isn't some kind of a revelation. People crava all kinds of things, including fats.

That the gut and the brain are somehow linked isn't a big reveal either.

I'm just failing to see what the big deal with this research paper is.
This seems like too much of a stretch.

"A civilization is any complex society characterized by the development of a political state, social stratification, urbanization, and symbolic systems of communication beyond natural spoken language (namely, a writing system)."

Even in most post-apocalypse antiutopia science fiction, all of these attributes are present except perhaps urbanization. E.g. a roving gang with a warlord at its helm has a political state and social stratification, and they would still have access to pencils.
You’re always a cog in the machine. If you think otherwise you’re being naive. No matter where you work, if you got hit by a bus tomorrow, your company would send “thoughts and prayers” to your family and have an open req for you before your body got cold.

I definitely can’t imagine “being forced” to do anything at a job too often before I’m looking for another job.
> Lego bricks/pieces?

Yes, or (more generically) "building blocks".
That’s not at all what’s going on here. While the Python interpreter permits and executes arbitrary expressions as annotations, Python static type checkers (mypy, Pytype, Pyre, Pyright) do not. This isn’t just an implementation limitation; the typing specifications (PEP 484 and successors) don’t allow it. For example, although these two definitions evaluate to the same result at runtime:

def f() -> int: return 1
def f() -> (lambda: int)(): return 1

only the first is correctly typed by PEP 484. mypy rejects the second with “error: Invalid type comment or annotation”.

That’s the whole idea of static type checking: in return for restricting yourself to a controlled subset of the language that isn’t “too dynamic”, you gain the ability to type-check your code without running it.

The result of this paper is that one can nonetheless abuse subtyping to perform Turing-complete computation in the type checker. The computation doesn’t happen when your code is executed (annotations have no effect on the Python interpreter at runtime unless your program chooses to inspect them), it happens when you run mypy on it.

This is generally considered undesirable, because we want type checking to be decidable, and Turing-complete computation is not.
> You might end up re-inventing Svelte by attempting this though

And then in the next breath make some joke about the proliferation of so many different js frameworks.
<< Most of us who call ourselves adults still look to those around us for approval in nearly everything we do.

I am mildly confused by the article in general, but this kinda put it into overdrive. Is an adult someone, who does not need approval? I can maybe understand the reasoning behind it, but I am not sure I agree.
More subscribers for increasing their revenue from other videos, maybe yt-premium or even some protection against infamous random ban because of needness to support learning materials.
Indeed, and you are touching on a subject I think about regularly: I don’t know first-hand what most engineering disciplines are like, but I believe that much of software development is not engineering at all. Instead it is slapdash and haphazard. Codebases very frequently grow by accretion rather than design as convoluted patches are laid on top of already byzantine systems. There is often little forethought; rarely is serious consideration given to the maintainability, soundness, and security of the work we do, let alone the consequences of it to society at large.

I believe that software engineering is possible; I believe that I have seen it done and taken part in it. But in general, a scrappy, pivoting startup does not embrace anything approaching engineering practices. I wish this were more accepted and I think we can start by calling it software development instead of software engineering.

Our industry is still in its infancy but it has a huge impact on society. I would like to see more engineering in the industry, but I feel a very short-sighted approach to maximizing profit precludes this. I fear that until we have more death and more loss incurred by poor development practices it will not be the norm to practice true software engineering.

Thank you for bringing up this point.
YouTube killed learning on their platform, when they killed the downvote.

They removed the one metric that people had to signal that content is crap. So now people have to trust that "the algorithm" is filtering out all the junk. Which of course we know doesn't happen. The algorithm only cares about engagement, it doesn't care if the content is of good quality or even truthful.
The problem is not just representatives not representing their people. The problem is, fundamentally, that a pure and direct democracy is merely rule by the largest faction.
Problem: Creators want to be paid more for their content (great content, good content, bad content, etc)

Solution proposed by Google: Lets charge customers who view this content so that we can pay creators more without losing revenue.

Solution proposed by Consumers: Lets give creators a larger share of youtube's profits. We're already paying for the service by offering our data, our youtube premium subscriptions, and other forms of MTX monetization.

TLDR; Youtube is double dipping in the guacamole bowl, despite having billions of pounds of guacamole.
I worked on a "web app" in the early 2010s, 10k lines of vanilla JS and jQuery, and it was a nightmare.

Adding basic features or fixing the many bugs we discovered every day took hours or days. Any refactoring took weeks. We had to invent new abstractions on top of existing abstractions to keep everything more or less understandable and maintainable. Just splitting the code into different files (like to achieve some sort of frontend MVC and avoiding to have 5k lines of code in a single file...) and loading everything in the correct order was a puzzle. Making or changing any kind of edit forms was a real challenge too and prone to just adding new bugs to the list. Between loading all the data in AJAX, adding an id to each input and filling every input one by one with jQuery by copy/pasting their ids from the HTML, generating the selects and selecting the correct option(s) and adding them to the DOM, dealing with all the buggy jQuery modules like date and time pickers and their own ways to initialize and return data, showing or hiding parts of the form depending of the selected options, extracting the new values one by one from the DOM with jQuery once the user submits the form, validating the data and toggling the classes of the inputs to "error" with jQuery and adding error messages at the correct spots inside the DOM, revalidating the data and formatting it and sending it to the backend, refetching the values just to be sure everything is in sync and updating the values inside the DOM again with jQuery by copy/pasting ids and classes from the HTML... We take all this stuff for granted nowadays because the frameworks do it for us but it was so artisanal back then.

Eventually I pushed to rewrite the app when Backbone.js came up, and we started using tools like grunt, and it was already a huge step forward. Then some years later we migrated to Angular 1, it was another big win in productivity. Eventually React came out and I started experimenting with it and I thought it was revolutionary. Its component paradigm allows to break the app into small manageable and reusable pieces and this makes everything simpler. And then Microsoft released TypeScript and now we have code safety and autocompletion on everything, including external packages. And we also have JS export/imports, fetch, async/await and so on... And tools to test all the logic and interactivity in our apps.

Nowadays frontend development is just so much easier than before. I can't believe that people who think the opposite have actually worked on any sort of real life big frontend projects in an enterprise environment (1 or several teams working on the same codebase, new non-trivial features to implement every day).
It is still around if you look, new Single Board Computers, dev boards, kits for 'retro' computers. It's still just as big as it ever was, the difference is the mainstream is WAY bigger, just like Apple and Microsoft has sabotaged DIY and left that behind and makes money on hiding the DIY behind their convenience gardens. Check out adafruit or digikey or element14 or keysight or any of the gamejams and hackathons. Makerspaces. PICO-8. Circuit Cellar, Nuts & Volts magazines. It was a HOBBY back then, and the hobby still exists just like there are ham radio clubs, but the industry it spawned has largely overshadowed it. Life is what you make of it, put in the effort if you really miss it, you'll find good company!
Beautiful design op. Well done!
I think that's because they barely release new products.
I'm curious how much other major brands pay to stay in their places

Coke arguably pays megabucks to have giant displays in prime locations. Those locations have limited space so Coke taking up one is

Similarly, IIUC, companies pay to have their products put in conspicuous places in stores like Walmart, Target, etc. Only rich companies can afford to always get the spots that stick out the most.

I don't know if those are compariable. Google pays Apple to be the default search engine seems no different than Coke paying to be the first soda on the aisle or to be featured on the edge of the aisle. People are still free to pick a different search engine or go into the soda aisle.

Of course in retail another tactic is to make a bunch of products that appear to be different but are all basically the same. I think Crest or Colgate and 15 kinds of mouthwash all of which have the same "active ingredient" at the same concentration. The goal is to fill up the shelves with your products so there is no room left for the competition's products since shelf space is limited.
Oh that is a delightful idea.

Now if we could breed them to also somehow produce usable fuel as a means of energy storage...
> perverse incentives like allowing you to “sell” or hold hostage something you were going to do anyway

This is true, but it's a weird way to frame it. Yes, absolutely: carbon-sensitive regulation changes the market pricing such that less polluting activities and means of production are "worth more". So if you have some, you win. If you were planning on having some in the future ("were going to do anyway"), you likewise get a windfall.

And thats... good? It's not perfect. But it produces the result we want.

IMHO the much bigger problem with offset regulation is that it's likely to be nearly impossible to actually measure[1] and we'll be dealing with cheating and fraud for decades. But the incentives seem fine to me.

[1] Vs. a carbon tax which is pure simplicity: $xxx per ton of carbon (for extra credit: a floating price based on a dynamic bid-based sequestration market) pulled out of nonrenewable sources, paid by the extractor at the time of initial sale, and let the market sort out how to allocate the overhead.
Bank of America uses insecure driver's license numbers for 2FA
See my reply to a sibling of your parent comment for the article about the impact.
BJT's are also still used for some very high-power applications because they can be more efficient at very high currents.

In fact, they invented a new part that has the "input" gate of an FET and the Collector-Emitter "output" of a BJT!

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulated-gate_bipolar_transis...
Got it, ECMP was the missing link to that and makes sense. Thanks!
I’ve gotten multiple emails from the SAME recruiter in one day. I’m certain they are not all coming from a human pressing Send each time.
They seem to be pretty vocal, unfortunately.
Can you please add me to the club?

My site is 0.306 kB.

http://superimac.com
Speaking in public can invite unwanted opinions. There’s always someone who wants to argue, seemingly for sport.

Closed channels for teams are good but not everything is a democracy. I let my team make decisions but I can veto any of them, if needed.
This is why I gave up on magazines in general (even before it was cool). It seems like their entire goal was to make actual content hard to find. The cover would have a list of headlines, then you'd look at the table of contents to see where that was, but it'd be under a different headline there. Then you'd finally get the page number, but around that spot, none of the pages had page numbers, and when you finally find what you're looking for it has an even different title than the cover and TOC. Then, once you start reading, you get to "continued on page ...". And again, none of those pages have page numbers near them, and there'd be yet a different title on the continued part. Not to mention most of the article would be fluff anyway.
> Why take an immaterial amount of money

k
What exactly is the "free market price" for water? Are you suggesting reticulated water supply for a city should be achieved via competing free enterprises? Is there anywhere in the world where that's worked well?
I'm surprised it's taken this long, honestly. Seeing other sites which in some ways just clone Youtubes functionality but are focused on education, where creators can make courses and sell them (Udemy for example), it just makes sense to me.
> But IIRC peak demand happens several hours after solar panels are generating peak energy.

No, peak 'net demand' happens later, because solar has reduced the actual demand peak. This is like saying "eating food just made my hunger peak later"

> If you have to pay for the new source and keep the old source online then the new source is by definition not the same price as the old source.

Yes, but the old source likely has high fuel costs, so when you stop burning the fuel, you not only save carbon and pollution, you save money.

This isn't particularly complicated.
How I miss bookstores.. I realize that they still exist, but for me as a (mostly average) comp sci student, the bookstore was the place that I could find the code snippets and algorithm solutions for my classes. I spent hours just reading programming books, magazine articles (like Byte)..taking notes..remembering techniques.. couldn't wait to try them out. Pretty nerd-y now that I look back on it. I actually found it kind of fun.. although this is the first time I've admitted it (taking the first step is the hardest). Now it is stack overflow and google, as we all know. good times.
I'm not sure I see how reducing supply is 'evidently counter-productive'.

For example reducing capital available to oil/gas companies -> reduces supply -> increases price -> drives reduction in consumption / switches to alternatives.

What am I missing?
Distant Skies (2011)
I'm 60, and am about as "cutting edge" a programmer (for the little corner I participate in), as you can get (practically and ship-focused).

I learn new stuff, every day.

Now, get off my lawn. I got software to ship.
It bothers me that we still have those useless suffixes attached to domains. What does „org“, „com“, „net“ even mean to the average user? Nothing. It’s nothing but a pointless ritual at this point, and after ICANN chose to add thousands of generic domains, they don’t have any significance left at all, except that nice names are very expensive now. It would be easier for everybody if we simply removed that extra step that is TLD names.
> Group was put in place to address potential downsides of the company’s products

Oh, you mean like how Meta has access to your data, sells it, and also sends some/all of it to government intelligence agencies?

Or how they manipulate, censor and promote content, shaping public opinion (of Facebook users anyway)?

Or how Facebook is addictive and exacerbates anxiety in many people?

Those kinds of downsides? Gee, I wonder could possibly happen to such a group.
Yeah, I mean, that's true, and also...the statement is false.

All government originally started out as theocracy, and the "traditional definition" of marriage is a union for the purpose of exchanging property (as women were generally regarded) sanctioned by the local religious leader, who had absolute power.
I know a few people who have done quite well with totally random stock picking too. Without correction for selection bias, it doesn't tell you anything. There is no good stuff here; it is no better than augury and the people making serious money in the markets are Not Doing It Like This.
> I wish Apple would just let you pay extra every month and get X number of messages or minutes of satellite service.

Texting is extremely pricey with Garmin's plans.

40 texts a month for a monthly fee of $35 or 10 texts a month for $15, in addition to a $29.95 activation fee.
Evolving my note-taking processes
> Another example of childish thinking is that most people believe they need the government's permission to be married.

There’s a bunch of legal stuff that unfortunately gets bundled with marriage so I’d have to disagree with this one.

It has implications on taxation, estate planning, government benefits, employment benefits, medical decision making and visitation, burial arrangement rights, joint adoption, foster care rights, property rights in divorce, child support, and more.
Its a receipt printer and toilet paper stand in one!
True. Look at crash test videos. The entire front of the vehicle has crumpled and absorbed the crash energy, while windshield and passenger compartment remain intact. Figuring out just where to punch holes in the sheet metal beams to do that requires simulation.
Electricity is almost literally tubing filled with marbles that all violently repel one another, with the tube violently attracting the marbles.

A loop of marble and tube is static: the marbles all push against each other and are drawn to the tube.

If you pump some marbles up the tube, they’ll clump into other marbles, which will want to repel. They’ll scurry away, pushing the next barbles, and so on. That pump is a voltage, and the movement is current.

A resistor is a sludge that the marbles pass through. They can, but only if they’re being pushed by a voltage.
If it smells like MRA whistling...
> when readers attempt to deign a writer's mental state from some groups of characters strung together

this is how written communication works
I don't understand how CBDC would do either. I was under the impression that a CBDC would be an instant interbank transfer mechanism, so it would be replacing ACH, not bank accounts or cash. If that's correct, then a CBDC would give the government exactly the same visibility into money flow and financial information as it currently has, given that the Fed runs ACH and the central banking system.
Damn I literally just created my Bitwarden account today and then immediately experienced this problem. I thought I was doing good not getting last pass, and needed the iOS app so that disqualified KeePassXC. What am I left with 1password?
> Where do you see Google's implied promise to provide with you every result

The implied promise is the button that says "Search".

1. It's a search engine. Searching is useless if it doesn't provide results.

2. Searching with other tools works. Use `grep` or your computer's local search feature and it will give you all of the results.

3. If I go through my old email, I can download literally every email. I can search literally every email, for hundreds of thousands of email.
Building a database of websites wanting to trade backlinks for free
Argument soup is a great description. I’ll be using this from now on.
Ask HN: Which cloud provider do you use?
In the recent thread about password managers one of you HNers told me they use Nextcloud to sync stuff, which I find awesome but I really don't have the means to self host right now.

I was looking for some kind of cloud provider which supports Android's Storage Access Framework so I could sync stuff such as TOTP tokens and password databases between devices.

Having encryption without needing an external application would also be a plus.

I find it so interesting that in 2022 it's still hard to find a solution which is open source, encrypted, and accessible, considering Dropbox has started the race for cloud providers more than a decade ago [0]. IMO this is what leads to so many SaaS that are basically just dump pipes syncing data between clients with simple CRUD functionality.

So HN, which cloud provider do you choose, and why?

[0]: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=8863
> Eventually, the original guideline of HTML for structure, CSS for styling, and JavaScript for interactivity started to not really make sense anymore for many websites

My emphasis added.

There are still absolutely tons of sites for which the classical model works fine, and indeed works better than React at al, because pages load faster and behave more normally.

Some of those sites are now built with React et al anyway, for some bad reason (cargo culting, resumé-driven development, etc). But still, most are not, i suspect. Classical web development is still a very useful skill.

However, i suspect that although a majority of web sites don't involve React et al, a majority of web development jobs do - because the fraction of sites that are complex enough to need React et al also need a lot more developers!

(a fact i think is fun: a majority of stars are in binary or multiple star systems, even though such systems are a minority of star systems)
IMHO most software problem are social or caused by wider economic incentives.

People come and go either because of life or work, and complexity piles up. I don't think there are any silver bullets.

There is a reason Worse is Better. It's quicker to ship and spread.
As long as they offer both and not one or the other this should be ok. I’m hoping this allows creators to build more in depth courses consisting of a large number of videos. Right now I mostly have to go to Udemy et al for that sort of thing. Being able to preview some of a course on YouTube with ads and then buy the whole thing if I like it sounds like a win. I’ll reserve judgment until it launches though, it is an Alphabet product after all.
No one can Estimate what will be happen during the interview but we can only Research before attending it.
Can we go back to the chapter on YouTube where we had downvotes so we can tell whether or not a video is going to be high quality and informative or not?
I find that it dries out and gets moldy quicker.
Parallel Curves of Cubic Béziers