skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Currently most of the ML field is working on an assumption (untested in courts, but also not disputed in courts) that a trained model is not considered a derivative work (according to the copyright law definitions, no matter what colloquial understanding of "derivative" implies) of its source data. There also is a serious argument that the model is uncopyrightable at all (since any noncreative transformation of data is not copyrightable, and there is solid precedent stating that it is absolutely irrelevant how much effort and money the transformation took), in which case the modal simply can't be a derivative work.

If that assumption holds (we won't know for sure until some precedent multiple years down the line) then there is no violation of the copyright law even if they refuse the license.

In essence, I do not think that it is appropriate to say that "Copilot is violating licenses" because it's an open legal question whether that act is a violation or fully within their rights to do so, it is undecided at the moment, and there will be an answer to that question only after we get either a relevant precedent ruling or new legislation, both of which will take quite some time.
Or, like I wrote on the Go+ community back in 2014, and what Microsoft does, you don't have to remember a password, but every time you have to log in a "password" mail is sent.

So the verification process isn't necessary anymore.
Ironically, France has issues now because they spent around 120 billions on renewables with very few results.

Had this money been spent on the nuclear grid, the gris would be in a much better state now.
As always:

The Guardian has received £1M from the Open Philanthropy Project, Zuckerbergs & Gates Foundation, to promote plant-based alternatives to meat.

250 articles a year - 4 key journos each receiving in excess of £100K annual.

And other "news" sites probably got the same deal.

Push by fake meat and big grain to force us to eat their non-nutirional sugar fake food filled foods instead.
Now all that needs to be done is make this into a radio station for Sonos. Sunday sorted.
You should use Smort.io [1]!

I've been building Smort to be the best place to read online.
Just add smort.io/ before any URL to read the article in Smort. No login needed!

Demo: https://smort.io/demo/home

You can annotate, edit with markdown, save articles permanently and also share the annotated articles with other people.
We also have inbuilt arXiv support so that you can read arXiv papers without wrangling PDFs. Latex equations are rendered quite well!

[1] https://smort.io
Degrowth is the latest trend of Malthusianism.

Time and time again these people have been proven completely wrong (technological progress saves humanity) yet they keep popping up.

Seems like some cult/religion at this point.

Advocating for the termination of hundreds of millions of current/future humans (what you get by slowing economic growth) is an abhorrent thing to be an “activist” for.
I figured this out on my own as I got older. The rules are made for the bottom of the barrel, because it has to be that way. The instruction not to eat tide pods is not for the average person, but they still have to tell everyone not to do it. It's like when engineers build for the most common scenarios, and then they have to work out corner cases. But they have to be fair, so the rules designed to keep fuck ups in line affect everyone. It's a race to the bottom to deal with the lowest common denominator, and if you're more capable than that it's suffocating.

And what makes someone not bottom of the barrel? There's people born with talent, higher intelligence, but the real thing that makes someone above that threshold is simply a willingness to learn. Unless you've got some extreme disadvantage, persistent willingness will take you a long way, farther than most people. What makes some better than others is in their behavior, not their innate traits, usually.
I’d say the point was made: enough information plus enough imagination can produce compelling historical fiction.

How much of either is enough?
Let's say a 100 exabyte, which is only 100 times larger than Backblaze. And Amazon pay $100 per 10TB, it is unrealistically low, but just to round down the number nicely . ( It is not $50 for 10TB, part of the reason why HN dont understand Supply Chains and BOM cost. )

On pure storage that is 100,000,000TB. That is 1 billion dollar already excluding any redundancy required by S3.
How to send spam on HN. /s
In the end the thread is useful to build a list of domains to filter.
The climate is not my choice and not my responsibility. I have space-time constraints, and I'm solving for them.

I don't see the point in living like it's a post-apocalyptic world just to avoid a post-apocalyptic world.
It's only more expensive if you don't factor external costs due to renewables.

At the moment, renewables still can't compete on pricing with 70s nuclear designs...
I wouldn’t call proof of work secure btw. Malicious Reorgs have happened in many chains, including ethereum, whereas I’m not aware of any malicious reorgs in PoS chains.
Yeah, it’s honestly a bit weird.

I think the cause will be a combination of being a YC company along with community that has a general skepticism of legacy media outlets and an enthusiasm for alternatives. Plus the nature of the platform as a “no curation” direct channel from writer to reader lends itself to a particular kind of writer that’s attractive to that same community.

Personally I’m not really on board and a “substack.com” domain is now a negative quality signal for me in the same way as “medium.com” has become, but I can totally see why it’s a hot topic for some.
If you pay taxes in Denmark then, once you import the car into Denmark, you will pay the tax regardless of where you buy the car.

And if you keep German plates on it and drive it around you will get charged with tax fraud and a huge fine.
Come on, think about it a bit.

How does limestone form?
It's not only having "access to your emails", sometimes these services will send links that are supposed to open in an app and do something there.

... and it just doesn't work.
The more outside of central London ot gets the least benefits it has.

For instance, for people starting at the extreme West of the line, Reading, it does not make sense to take it to go to London. People still take the fast trains to Paddington and hop onto the Elisabeth Line there as needed.

The line provides extra capacity but not much else in those areas.

In addition, the trains are designed to be used as tubes and so are not comfortable for long journeys compared to the previous trains they replace.
If living in Denmark and driving a car there, you need a Danish license plate for your car. If not, everyone and their mother would be driving around using Romania or Bulgaria registered cars...
Funny how we say that the kill was "humane" when it's done to an percieved opposite team.

One would almost consider "humane" and "kill" to be impossible to use in the same sentence.
What's crazy is the Elizabeth line integrates three different signalling systems.

Between Paddington and Heathrow the European Train Control System (ECTS); west of Heathrow and east of Stratford a legacy system is used; and the central section uses a modern signalling system from Siemens.
There's a new PAC specification for ARMv8-M: https://community.arm.com/arm-community-blogs/b/architecture...
- disable notifications

- disable anything that shows up without your interaction

- use it like a PC (open apps to view information when you need to)
I have never browsed on Gumroad (or Leanpub), I have never logged in except to buy or download. Every (e-)book I have bought on Gumroad I found somewhere else (sometimes here on HN), and there it was linked to the Gumroad page.

You should plan to have a book web site, at least. And probably submit it on HN.
Maybe.

We know the Romans were influenced by the Greek, and the Greek by the Minoan.

Both the Greek and Minoan had their own numerals:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aegean_numerals
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_numerals

Before the Romans, the Greeks were already using phonetic letters as numerals. They did saw Iota as either a number or a phoneme depending on the context.

Looking at these older sytems, it looks like the romans just mixed both approaches, either on purpose or not. (I have absolutely no evidence to support this, it's a guess).

Maybe the problem is really older than we think?
Use a bank. That the bank uses bank deposits, or crypto, or central reserves, shouldn’t matter to the user. As long as the bank can provide fraud insurance.
> A real (financial) pull of publishing a book via a monthly, paid newsletter is the higher revenue per customer. A customer won’t pay more than, say, $40 for a book. But they’ll more likely pay ~$120 by paying $10/month for a year. See also how Steven Sinofsky is publishing his book series Hardcore Software on Substack with the option to pay up to $300/year to get a final, printable PDF edition of the series once finished. I paid $100 to read this series for a year and one of my friends went for the $300 option.

Wow, this sounds awful (for the customer). Is that where publishing is going? $120+ for a book?
"First principles". I mean, besides the whole pick and choose which first principles to teach and which ones to drop (there are a lot), they might not be as useful as one may think

When discussing limits, the tradicional way this is explained is pointless and extra annoying. And then you end up using limits for pretty much nothing after working with derivatives and integrals.

So, again, nobody cares. And maybe someone can explain limits better than the "two dials" analogy because that's too much mathematical theatre that doesn't help when a good explanation is actually needed.
Most Google employees do not have direct access to all infra.
Right and how does this work for people who are in the country? I'm a country lad and quite frankly a car will always be necessary. I'm not cycling half an hour there and half an hour back to the nearest shop and 2 hours there and 2 hours back to school every day
I have to be honest, Spotify is not a source of music for me.

If it were for Soundcloud, but ultimately I'd like to discover new tracks and songs on my own.
Where's the fun in machine doing it for you?
Monitoring Tiny Lambdas
Inspired by Julia Evan's write-up on web-services, I wanted to show how I automated log monitoring in AWS
I'm not sure why this currently links to the PDF of the article [0], rather than the webpage, which includes an embedded animation of an interaction, and embedded YouTube videos: https://numinous.productions/ttft/

[0]: https://numinous.productions/ttft/print/TTFT.pdf
Something that's always confused me, but I think I have it square now, is that - in its final incarnation at least - Crossrail == Elizabeth line right? The former is mostly just a legacy codename from before the Elizabeth name was announced?

It's occasionally made me mix up Crossrail & HS2, because 'the London one' is 'the x line', obviously.

Or perhaps it's marketed/signed as 'Crossrail' far enough outside London that there aren't any other lines, and nobody there would really consider it an un underground line for their purposes?

Bond Street's odd at the moment, after months of closure to make the Northern line wheelchair accessible, there aren't any lifts that I can see. But perhaps it's just not finished - access to the Southbound platform is awkwardly via the North, and there's hoardings around (ongoing work on) the connection from there to the Central line.
Take the bath at home before the ride, so you will start smelling next day only. Use CoolMax-like underclothes, for better cooling when ridding, so you will sweat less and stay dry for a whole day. Use deodorants with anti-respiratory effect. And so on.
So glad I chose regular ET over nuke ET. My whole reason was not wanting to be on a sub, but I've heard tons of stories over the years about nuke life that have cemented that choice.
I think that's an overly pessimistic way of looking at things.

Denmark may be warm compared to say Minnesota but it's further north than a very large chunk of the world's population.

Denmark, The Netherlands, Germany and basically all of Europe didn't always have the cycling infrastructure they have now, it's a relatively recent thing. If there's support, it can be built.

For hills, there are e-bikes. Yes they're more expensive than a regular bicycle but they're still a pretty recent invention. They'll surely get cheaper as they mature.
I use git-open [1] for this – highly recommended. It supports multiple remotes and works great with custom hosted servers out of the box.

[1]: https://github.com/paulirish/git-open
How do you discover new tracks on soundcloud?
I don't find it very strange that his substack follower count grows more quickly than his twitter follower count as the twitter count will have direct influence on his substack growth. I am sure he is also aware of that, that's why he grew his twitter account in the first place.
You may not agree, but from a technical / UX perspective it is impressive - the rest of their UI platform sucks but I think their editor is top notch

https://medium.engineering/why-contenteditable-is-terrible-1...
Disclaimer: SRE at Google on a team vaguely related to video CDN stuff, but have no inside knowledge

I don’t think you can dismiss BSD faster than Linux (or make any claims about the relative speed of different OSes) just because big companies run Linux. There are other costs involved and optimisations that can be shared if your edge serving stack is as similar as possible to the non-edge serving stack (that you have many more engineers developing for).

All you can conclude is that with enough optimisation, Linux can be made to perform well enough for it to not be worth replacing (yet). Because replacing Linux would require replicating all the custom software and optimisations made to it for whatever other platform you pick.
I get the craziest recommendations from the YT algo. Some vinyl-only release a dude ripped with 687 views, 2 comments, and impossible to buy anywhere.

I would never be able to find that stuff on my own.
Volcanic eruptions: risks are greater than people think, time to prepare
Nuclear as base load is rather price efficient. And with enough units it can deliver at that price every hour of the year. Not as cheap as renewables, but still very affordable.
OK, plates are a bit different, though. From the previous comment I thought the extra tax was a sales tax (which is in general not the same as registration fees). But I imagine governments always find ways to prevent competition that is not to their advantage (I.e. it seems that free flow of cars is actually restricted as per other reply to my previous comment)
120 billion... So around 12 new plants at least? And probably more as they would have not screwed up most of those...
Problem is that this willingness might also be tied to intelligence (which in turn might be nature rather than nurture). If you don't enjoy the stimulation that your brain receives when you learn and understand something new you aren't going to be doing that habitually.

Bit of black pill for this thread :)
We’re (fx.gl) using it in all our games to create a connection between game account and email. It works great. User click on mail to link. Send email with uniq token. Sever receives email and connection is created.

Some caveats:

1. not everyone has email set up on phone. We provide instructions to send email by hand.

2. We emphasize for user to choose correct email if they using work and personal email. No good solution here if user connect game account to work email. Only letter to support
> Should a malicious actor try to tamper with the underlying protocol by using a large number of validators to revert a finalized block (the equivalent of a "51% attack" in PoW) their funds are slashed

But can't the malicious actor estimate very well whether their attack will succeed beforehand?
I’m trying to imagine how many people have done any degree of “table stakes” background reading on Conrad, and read more than HoD in 7th grade, even among HN super-achievers (the name Nostromo notwithstanding), and feel confident commenting on an article from a literary quarterly which, let’s be honest, surely assumes readers have undertaken — and possess the tools and fruits of — vast and deep cultural scholarship. Basically five, amiright?

Which is to say, there’s a lot to talk about here, but how to present it? Who to? I noticed similar themes while reading Thucydides on my lunch hour. Pfft.
The W Richard Stevens book "TCP/IP Illustrated, Volume 1" taught me, but it's not really a good overview: more of a deep dive.

Still, that along with his companion volume "Unix Network Programming, Volume 1" will help set you up for a rewarding career.

A quick search suggests both are available as PDFs from multiple sources, or you can get the hardcover Bible-style editions, which I personally find quite fitting.
The ‘mailto:’ thing is a dealbreaker.

A _significant_ amount of users, especially non-technical ones, won’t have a properly configured email client. They’ll click signup, it’ll open Outlook or Apple Mail, and then they’ll give up on your app in frustration because they can’t register.

There’s very limited room for shifting the signup paradigm in a way that won’t leave N% of your potential users unable to sign up.
Ask HN: Is there a modern equivalent of Byte Magazine?
I'm looking for something that regularly posts high-quality, hopefully reviewed and edited, articles about interesting technologies with a prefernce for newer stuff. It doesn't have to be a magazine, just a similar format. Something like Farnam Street for software engineers.
Want to log in on your TV?

Ha. Good luck with that. Your email provider probably only supports Chrome.
As of today, 65,000 DKK amounts to about 8,800 USD. I don't know of any (new) regular cars you could buy at that price.

Also, I'm not sure where did that 80k number came from. If you're using it just as an example, then I think the effective tax rate on that would be 36.25%. [1].

[1]: https://www.wolframalpha.com/input?i=%280.25*65000%2B0.85*15...
Xarabass is my favourite YouTuber rn, been on a French touch kick lately and a lot of The eternals /Vinyl Fever stuff has been super underground but he’s always got some new stuff.
If the web browser is governing the passwords you can and can't have, and forcing you to have unmemorisable passwords, you're better off rethinking the whole thing. For instance, it probably makes more sense to ask the web browser to generate keypairs rather than passwords if we know the passwords cannot possibly be memorised.
Reminds me of youarelistening.to which is ambient music + police radio
Your argument for North being at the top because most people live there works better for East:

https://engaging-data.com/population-latitude-longitude/

(click the buttons under the map to aggregate by latitude or longitude)
You're right. The code was correct but the Readme hadn't been updated to reflect the lack of backslashes. Thanks for the find!

Commit: https://github.com/wanderingstan/Confusables/commit/c4121428...
That is not really unique to Firefox, right? Safari does it as well and I am pretty sure Chrome does it too (I am not a Chrome user, so I can't check).
This suggestion makes things worse.

If you make a service and ask for email validation, you want validation that the user has that email address. Since anyone can spoof e-mails from any address, getting an email from the address is not validation for anything.

You need to send an email to the account and get a response to validate the email address is real. Otherwise it's trivial for me to go to any web site and pose as you. All I would need to do is spoof your email address.

Edit: I agree that the current state of affairs is unsatisfactory :-)
It's interesting how people who've used GPT-3 seem to be learning how to use it better. That leads to the question of whether you could get GPT-3 to do a task that involves tailoring a query to itself. Ever tried that?
A State Management System and Forward in Time 'Check Valve' for Global Identities, Knowledge, Experience, Action, Work and Value
YC company. Thats all you need to know.
He is just stating a fact. If this looks like racism to you then I am afraid it's not him who's racist.
Please take a look. https://justine.lol/sizetricks/#elf
>I'm not sure how to encode linearity in your type system though...

You don't really, the same way that a regular function R->R has no specific type information that tells you ti's linear or not, e.g. both x and sin(x^2) have the same type.
I'm willing to bet that this video is more informative that the ones done by Mashable: https://youtu.be/RJLA2_Ho7X0
In my experience, many developers are unaware of multipart email. Most are unaware of MIME or dismiss it as obvious, old and unnecessary.
I discovered Life because of a novel written about a competitive version - The Gameplayers of Zan by M.A. Foster.

It's very 70s, so it's a little ponderous and top heavy, more than a little hippyish, but with a distinctive vibe - a bit of Dune with overtones of Blade Runner set in a partial utopia of sorts. And some unexpected implications for cellular automata.

I'd recommend it to anyone who wants to read something unusual. It made a real impression on me at the time.

Note: DO NOT READ THE REVIEWS on Amazon or Goodreads.

There's an incredible plot twist at the heart of the book, and some of the reviews give it away.
Show HN: Battle Cryptos – A simple game to test your cryptocurrencies knowledge
> Actually that outlier simply was a wrong number it seems, as per [1].

Oh, I see. Makes much more sense than getting $60B out of the blue :)
I like that there's still options out there around authentication that I haven't seen before but this method is hostile towards folks without a dedicated email client. Personally I only ever login through web mail and have no client so `mailto` isn't a shortcut.

I still think magic links are a good compromise. With a user / pass you still need to verify your email as a separate step. A magic link sends you an email and you're technically verifying your email every time you use it, so it removes an extra step.

It's also really useful for being able to login from multiple devices without needing to keep your password synced with a multi-device password manager. That's especially handy on mobile because even if you're around your desktop with your password manager who the heck wants to manually type `pm'TWZS"$G39c(Es:k@v3-*IhP#DUbows:=='"Z],Ud"R8XO` as a password into your mobile phone?

Lastly, it lets you put the burden of MFA on your email account. If your email account is protected by MFA then your app using magic links is protected by MFA. It means users don't need to give out their phone number or hook up another site to their authenticator app.

I really don't understand why so many folks hate magic links. They solve a number of problems in a pretty reasonable way at the cost of having to wait 5 seconds for 1 email to verify your email at which point the site can set a cookie for a year and you don't have to deal with logging in by email for another year.

You can also protect sensitive actions by requiring folks to verify their email to replicate how a site might ask for your password to do something like change billing details or whatever makes sense for your app.
"Why Canadians Can't Bike in the Winter (but Finnish people can)" - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Uhx-26GfCBU

> When talking about bicycle infrastructure in Canada, the number one excuse I hear is "winter." Many Canadians see the cold and snow as a fundamental barrier to year round cycling. But one city, Oulu in Finland, with winter weather worse than most Canadian cities, shows that winter cycling has nothing to do with the weather, and everything to do with safe cycling infrastructure.
How do you know it’s a paid ad by Substack? I’m perfectly willing to believe that, but the simpler explanation seems to be that it’s an ad for the author’s book.