skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
It started with Spyglass, who were Mosaic licensees, but apparently wrote their own code. The story of Spyglass is told here https://ericsink.com/Browser_Wars.html

"Management made the decision to transition our business completely and pursue the market for web browsers. Tim Krauskopf, the founder and head of development, asked me to write a web browser. I started work on Spyglass Mosaic on April 5th, 1994. The demo for our first prospective customer was already on the calendar in May.

I ended up as the Project Lead for the browser team. Yes, we licensed the technology and trademarks from NCSA (at the University of Illinois), but we never used any of the code. We wrote our browser implementations completely from scratch, on Windows, MacOS, and Unix.

We were not the first Mosaic licensee, but we were the last. Prior to us, a company called Spry took the Mosaic code and tried to sell "Internet in a Box". People still seem to get Spry and Spyglass confused because of the similar names."

"Internet Explorer 2.0 was basically Spyglass Mosaic with not too many changes. IE 3.0 was a major upgrade, but still largely based on our code. IE 4.0 was closer to a rewrite, but our code was still lingering around -- we could tell by the presence of certain esoteric bugs that were specific to our layout engine.

Licensing our browser was a huge win for Spyglass. And it was a huge loss. We got a loud wake-up call when we tried to schedule our second conference for our OEM browser customers. Our customers told us they weren't coming because Microsoft was beating them up. The message became clear: We sold our browser technology to 120 companies, but one of them slaughtered the other 119."
https://www.cnn.com/2022/03/02/energy/us-oil-production/inde...

https://www.cnn.com/2022/03/24/energy/gas-prices-oil-product...
Caltech is fantastic. They even have the old-form domain name there in your links, similar to Stanford CS department which is also exceptional in the nomenclature, but grandfathered in.
I am afraid you have an unreliable source. The Constitution was ratified by the states, not signed by delegates. At the time of ratification, the average age of the delegates was 42. James Madison, for example, was born in 1751 and was 36 years of age in 1787. Alexander Hamilton was born four years later and was 31 in 1787. There were only four delegates in their twenties.
Are neutron stars spherical or do they tend to become oblate spheroids (even if perfectly smooth) because, like the Earth, they spin on an axis?
>Define "appropriately" in the context of Wyoming and California.

Appropriately as defined by the Constitution:

* Each state gets Representatives allocated to them according to population, with a minimum of 1 Representative, for proportional representation in the Lower House.

* Each state gets two Senators, for equal representation in the Upper House.

The number of Representatives used to increase on a semi-regular basis as population nationwide increased, but it has now been set to 435 Representatives due to physical constraints of fitting so many Representatives in one room.

The Senate currently has 100 seats to account for the 50 states currently in the union; the seats will increase or decrease anytime the number of states change.

Washington, D.C.'s presence in the Electoral College is a special case. D.C. does not have any representation in neither Houses of Congress because it is not a state, but the EC represents D.C. voters by allocating to it the equivalent number of Senators and Representatives as the smallest state in the union.

This means that, ironically to your arguments, the Electoral College is more representative than Congress because D.C. voters are represented.

>Also explain what happens if only a single person votes for the same candidate in the 41 states and special districts wth the least EC representation,and 100% of the people in the remaining states vote for the other candidate.

If the 41 states plus D.C. have more EC votes than the remaining 9 states, then the winner is whoever garnered those votes. Remember, the President is elected by and represents the states as a collective; the President does not represent the people directly, the people are represented directly by their state's Governor.

A nationwide popular vote removes power from the states, because it means one state's people can unilaterally override the people of another state. The USA is a federation of states, so that is simply not acceptable. Each state is sovereign and each state's will must be represented, so far the best compromise has been re-using Congressional seat appropriations which is something all states agree to work with.

>The Electoral College is a hugely flawed mechanism both in terms of reflecting the will of the people vs the will of arbitrary land boundaries, and the actual division of "political power" due to forcing everything to round to the nearest integer and setting a (completely arbitrary) cap on the number of EC votes.

The Electoral College reflects the will of the people of a given state, because remember: A state's EC votes are determined by the state's popular vote. Just because it doesn't reflect your will ("nationwide popular vote") does not make the Electoral College a "hugely flawed" system. In fact, with regards to working in a country comprising a federation of states, it works marvelously at bringing every state's opinions together.
They could have done that without a so called "privacy push", they "own" the device and if they chose to, could provide advertisers a level of targeting that the mentioned entities cannot match without resorting to privacy as a red herring
Usually stuff where I can't understand lyrics. Like melodic death metal or Enya.
Two French Android-based operating systems worth looking into are /e/ (e.foundation) and iodé (iode.tech)
"He's some guy with no credentials, working at the Swiss Patent Office in Bern. Clearly has a knack for physics and is not terrible at it (physics teaching diploma), but otherwise has no social credit supporting his credibility (Nature, Knowledge)."
“let consumers decide” is a dark joke. In practice, the market will race to the bottom, and the only quality items left will be at the other end of the spectrum, unaffordable for 99% of consumers.

You see this everyday, it has become very hard to find great manufacturing quality on every kind of product, from appliances to phones, cars, even mundane stuff like a lemon juicer or a light fixture. Everything at market prices is not built to last more than a handful of years.
I thought it was about the art of trolling for fish and it got me a little bit excited.
The differentiation is not in having no ads but in not tracking the user for targeted advertisements. Which is why of course next up people are going to complain about the bad quality of the ads.
Michael Abrash’s Graphics Programming Black Book, Special Edition
It is a package manager. It's just integrated into the runtime to the point where you import things and it "just works".
This video makes this point very well: https://youtu.be/1OfxlSG6q5Y
I am familiar with a product that did this. At 600 dpi we stored 1.8M of data on an A4 page with ~30% ECC codes.

QR codes were not designed for this. To get this reliable there were many image processing, coding and practical issues to solve.
So I guess the best strategy is to use them as much as possible and make sure they break in the first year...
Well, I wouldn't say specialization was "avoided" more so it was just incredibly difficult due to it being a planned economy.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Council_of_Ministers_of_the_So...

This may provide some insight. I don't want to claim to be a USSR historian, I've just done some light research on another topic that crossed paths and I fell down a well for awhile lol.

The problem was that they were so centralized, it made innovation incredibly difficult. Simply put, if there were problems, even if people had solutions, it was damn near impossible to get anything implemented.
Indeed, I felt like a human editor could have cut the length in half without sacrificing anything.
I think "obviate" is a better term than "amputate". I mean, who the hell cares about penmanship? Absolutely useless skill.
Yes, as I said, blockchain sucks. It requires large nodes to run the gateways and people just use those gateways. And so the Big Boys (TM) can come and run those. For example OpenSea may as well be a centralized site with an API for everyone, since all the wallets hit that API anyway. Is that what you want? Are you just throwing your hands up in the air and saying we can never get away from extreme centralization, or are you saying we SHOULD have the extreme centralization?

But the idea of crypto isn't just to work on a blockchain. It's about having public-private keys that you use to issue transactions on a decentralized, permissionless network. For example the Dat protocol / hypercore. What about all the other architectures? Is BitTorrent being centralized and co-opted, for instance? Is IOTA tangle or MaidSAFE or any of the other architectures?
Independent of GPS I think people are built differently and can understand 3D (first person) vs 2D (top down) worlds in different ways.

I know someone who can go anywhere once without GPS and recall directions 10 years later even if they never drove near that area again. It's like their memory can recall it the same as the first time they went there. At the same time watching them type on a keyboard is about the same as what it must have been like to witness humans using basic tools for the first time.

I've always been bad with driving directions, the idea of navigating in 3D from the first person doesn't mesh with how I think for recalling directions but if I look at a top down 2D map and split things into a grid then it's not too bad. I only just started using GPS the other week but I feel like it has helped me retain information a lot better, I can visualize the route in my mind and trace the turns with street names in a way that I could never do before.

Interestingly enough I don't think it's necessarily first person vs top down on its own too. I've played a lot of FPS games in the past with games that never had a top down map and I can still run through them mentally like 15-20 years later. I don't know what it is, it doesn't make sense to be tuned for navigating a virtual world vs physical world but I do think GPS clicks some checkbox in my brain that makes it be perceived as virtualized even though it's mapping the physical world.
Premium/commercial brands exist.
Yes, Byzantine Fault Tolerance is very good.
I think rather than looking for a Linux flavour you want to look at various companies business models and size to see if it can sustain the ongoing cost of releasing and supporting a phone, OS, security patches etc.
So far, Apple still has a pretty low % of revenue coming from ads.
I wish I could be on Ocrelizumab, but it's hard to get it covered because (ironically) I've been lucky and had next to no disease progression in the 6 years since I was diagnosed (8 since triggering relapse). I'd like to keep it that way...
Well duh, there was a study on London cabbies who had to take a test known as "the knowledge", and it was found that they had significantly more growth in their hippocampus.

So obviously the reverse would probably be true.

I remember I used to chunk numbers in 3 to 4 digit groupings because back in the day that was how I naturally memorized phone numbers, successive generations probably can't rely on that tactic as much simply because there's so little need to retain the phone numbers in memory with the invention of smart phones.
https://archive.ph/N5pPO

> [German] Chairman Horst J. Pudwill, a former Volkswagen executive ... co-founded the company in 1985 as a maker of rechargeable battery packs for cordless tools. It then made tools for do-it-yourselfers on a contract basis for Sears Holdings Corp.'s (SHLD ) Craftsman brand, among others. Then it bought control of brands, including rights to the Ryobi name outside Japan, Royal vacuum cleaners, and Homelite garden tools. The big move was the $626 million purchase of Milwaukee Electric Tool and Germany's AEG Power Tools -- both premier brands used by professionals -- from Atlas Copco.

> Techtronic can also take new tools from the conceptual stage to production in as little as six months, thanks to 24/7 collaboration among designers in Asia and Techtronic's "concept centers" in Hong Kong, South Carolina, Germany, and Britain.
Very believable, I've noticed this effect myself. When I've moved to a new area, if I use GPS
exclusively to get around it takes me months to learn the names of roads and do "route planning" in my head. Versus very quickly, within a few days/weeks if I only refer to GPS when legitimately lost or unsure.

The thing is, why bother? I always have my phone. If I'm within a few miles of my house, I can figure out where I'm going, but maybe it takes me a little longer, and I don't come up with the optimal route, and now I and have the risk of getting caught in unexpected change in traffic patterns. If I'm somewhere unfamiliar, spatial memory is irrelevant and I have to rely on it regardless.

Actually I feel like GPS makes me a better than navigator. Having the "top down" view makes it feel like a video game, and that's one area where I have a ton of practice looking at a 2D map, relating it to 3D environment, and so on.
I only use gps to get places where I don’t know where to go but after that I stop using it .

But this begs the question why is losing this is bad when we can use our brains for something completely different or make peoples jobs more productive
> The market is not working, we just have the tools to realize how
badly it's broken.

"The market" is not a single thing. It's an idea(ology) from
economics, and a cultural mythology, that vaguely intersect at some
point.

We all think we know what "The Market" is, supply, demand, competition
and so on. It's existence and operation underwrites many a political
argument.

Then there is the reality:

Walk in to a supermarket and "choose" from 20 different brands of
tinned vegetable, grown in the same region, processed in a handful of
factories ultimately owned by the same parent company.

"Own" a movie, on a device that you don't actually control in any way,
that you were effectively forced to purchase, with money you don't
have.

And so on....

So, in respectful mockery of Thatcher I say "There's no such thing as
The Market" - not because I don't believe in the values of property,
choice, competition, innovation.... but because we don't have these,
and haven't for some time. The myth of "The Market" lives on the place
of early (real) capitalism as we head toward "consumer communism".
I can't see this idea flying. Why should anyone or anything prevent someone from writing in the way in which they want to write? And, as one poster pointed out, how would that work?
For food-service you can often find commercial-grade stuff which still has some durability to it - but it will NOT have things like "be quiet" or "small portion size" or "cheap" usually.
I admit that I was barely aware of this apparently largish company? I'd heard the name Klarna before, but knew nothing of it.

And yet, I found myself reading this in a riveted fashion. Why is that? Is it just the macabre nature of humans to slow down when passing accidents? My anxiety about how the little guys world can suddenly be turned upside down? I'm honestly intrigued why I couldn't quit reading this.
Most people would reject the idea that someone works hard all of their life gets the same healthcare that someone who does nothing.

Most people are somewhere in the middle, but there absolutely are people do nothing and people who are always being constructive, some in powerful ways.

A society in which 100% of resources would be allocated in that manner (basically communist) would completely fall apart.

I think 'same treatment Healthcare' is actually a bit of a hard-socialist idea that happened to make it's way through society historically (because it needed to have some socialization) but that will ultimately fail, it's on the edge in Canada right now as they are discussion private options.

In much the same way I think fully-private healthcare is a failure.

For the later (fully private) we have to understand the mechanisms are not the same as for regular products or even food etc. - there are existential issues which create gigantic asymmetries. So there must be heavy regulation and likely socialization in certain aspects.

But the converse is still true: 'everyone the same' is a disaster for most of the economy, it's also maybe not such a good idea for healthcare.

FYI - in Sweden the are Private Clinics.

In Canada, where I am from, we have pretty crazy laws, some of those most limiting in the world.

It's illegal to provide private services for all but a minority of issues.

Just consider that: a mechanic can fix your Mazerati, but it's illegal for them to fix your arm.

In practice - there is filtering. 'Important People' somehow manage to get good access, like Sports Stars, politicians. Actual Doctors/Hospitals are not owned by the government (as they are in UK) so they are selective, but the billing rates are theoretically the same.

On the other end, you may or may not get the surgery depending on if you're an alcoholic/smoker etc..

Due to all of this there are very, very weird asymmetries in Healthcare all over the place, notably Doctor's guilds controlling access to their domain, pricing insanity in the US for actual services, insane drug prices due to IP laws and lobbying, inability of governments to innovate effectively. One weird artifact of the later is how much we have to depend on the advancements of other nations.

The NGO style they have in the US is an interesting model as well.
Whether you're angry about this depends on which culture you subscribe to.
These studies never account for survivorship bias. There were plenty of crappy appliances decades ago, but they’ve all long since broken, so we only have the very best old appliances to compare against today.

Also, the inflation adjusted cost of a fridge in the 50s was something like $10k. A $10k fridge today (e.g. Sub Zero) will easily last for many decades. A $1k Wal-Mart special will not.
The manufacturers are all gaming the system by releasing new models so quickly (and in so many varieties) that any design flaw of a model cannot be used to make a purchasing decision because the comparable old devices are no longer available.
Deep Geothermal Heat Research at Cornell University
Commercial range of devices often are better as they need to endure much more uses.
On the other hand, Google lets you actually find information rather than just wishing you had it.

https://imgur.io/pumgE

Do I remember a lower percentage of the facts I have encountered in life than others? Almost certainly. But I also bet that I have encountered vastly more as a result.
Sounds like a good fit for Cloudflare's R2 (and see if they keep their word).
Thunderbird can also do this. You can select which attachments to remove.

IDK if it supports in-place quality reduction though.
What ive learned about the elite is they are not taxed enough
Why Constraints Are Good for Innovation
I don't, baby. <Lights cigarette>
Lyricless music or music that just has repetitive lyrics or music I know really well so can pay it little attention but still be entertained.

Sometimes 1950s era Jazz, trying to follow the lines of improvisation in the background seems to help me when trying to do something new or creative.

If I'm doing something rote, then modern EDM is good enough i.e. Rufus del Sol or similar that is just simple layers of one note melodies, a solid beat and someone wailing on top of it.

Note that I'm unsure whether listening to jazz when trying to do something creative is just a learned response i.e. that's how I set my mind to creative as a shortcut.
What you have described would happen as the natural end result of a libertarian state. Because before smartphones we have seen how postwar industrialized America foster all sorts of addictions in consumers. From self-medication, which started in the '50s (watch Invasion of the Body Snatchers and count how many times characters casually pop pills or imbibe in the background), to fast food, to television, and then on to social media and everything else that the internet enabled that is what unregulated industry does where there is no opposing force- whether governmental or otherwise- to check its power.

Libertarianism manifests in many forms, and I would say the Internet Libertarian early-90's WIRED cyberpunk cowboy ideal one is less of a cohesive project than a scene. It's a vibe, a mood, that was doomed to end just as warehouse techno raves did as well. The libertarian ideal of being a cyber-cowboy on a wild untamed frontier, without intrusive power structures- whether bureaucratic government, fuddy-duddy corporations, or the uncool normie hoi polloi- taps into the same American dream of the Wild West or of a land of Jeffersonian yeomen. And is just as sustainable.

I understand your loss and anguish. But the same historical forces that created the technologies that captured the dreams of Internet Libertarianism are not all that different from the same forces that created social media and brought everyone else online into Eternal September. This is how society, perhaps all forms of growth, operate.
What’s is the supposed business case for sharing raw, unmodified 42Mpix photos?
And if they are still modified later on, and perhaps re-signed, that’s where I would attack.
There are more practical, everyday application for that fact as well.

When I lived next to a train track, I built a seismograph to detect oncoming trains, and had a white noise machine that would ramp up volume as the train approached to prevent the train from waking anyone up.
Since one doesn’t need permission to exist, I do not think it makes sense to ask how a person justifies their existence.

There isn’t some cosmic ledger that keeps account of the credit you earn to exist.

Now, I exist because I’m in a very long line of the Darwinian process, but it will end with me because I won’t be procreating.
I don't think it's bad overall. Web search has essentially extended our recall abilities to everything that's easily searchable if you have a device on hand.
This sounds like perfectly efficient capitalism. Is it really not this way in other countries?
Continuing gp train of thought you would need to search for a supplier that 85% of people can't afford anymore.
Hah. Why do you need to justify your existence? Sounds like there is more behind this question. What are you really asking?
>WFH favours those who are productive but penalizes those who get ahead by 'networking' or 'schmoozing with the boss'.

What I'm reading is that it's a benefit all around
Don’t bother man. These people will bend over backwards to justify inane decisions like “who wants to lay themselves off”.
Easy: use GPS less. Maybe rely on it for your first trip somewhere new, but after that, try to navigate by memory. And even when you've gone somewhere new, try to find your way back home without the GPS. For locations that you frequent, don't use the GPS at all. Often I'll do a quick GPS check for places like that just to see if my normal route is clear of bad traffic, and then travel without it running.

Yes, you'll get lost occasionally, but that's ok. You'll still have the GPS if you get hopelessly lost and give up.
PCBs, sensors, and switches seem to cover most failure modes of modern appliances. I try to minimize the number of each in every purchase.

My favorite recent buy was a Victory range hood with mechanical switches and no PCB. More like this please.