skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
I don't think that there are any good answers to scaling, since it's a complex topic and finding a balance is difficult, with the situations at the both ends of the spectrum being rather bad - either crippling the future performance by unscalable architecture decisions (which may or may not ever be relevant), or not getting anything done due to overengineering ahead of time (premature optimization).

That said, personally I think that there are a few things that take very little effort and can help you avoid a "singleton" application, which cannot be reasonably run on more than one instance and thus presents not only horizontal scalability risks, but also serious risks in regards to downtime since startup might be so long that your single instance going down or needing a restart will result in a prolonged downtime.

For starters, I think that the 12 factor app principles are pretty good: https://12factor.net/

But for the most part, you just want to lean towards a "shared nothing" architecture, where you don't use local memory or local file system for persistent storage of any kind (e.g. files, session information, application caches). Sure, those are bad practices in general (e.g. all sessions being lost after an application restart if they're ever stored in memory, or even counting on a temp directory for persisting them) but I've seen them in plenty of applications in the past.

Those decisions might not be too hard to fix individually once you do care about resiliency, but if you're looking at a monolith that has been around for 5-10 years and now needs to be refactored, you're pretty much out of luck, since I've seen some with lots of tight coupling. I've actually talked about that in the past here on HN: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=32182047

In essence, what I'd advocate for would be doing the bare minimum towards being scalable, the things that are easy to do and also simple: like using a separate Redis instance for your caches/sessions, using S3 for storing files, always using some database for your data persistence, even if just a single instance in the beginning. Things like using feature flags in front of your scheduled processes, or enabling/disabling certain modules are underrated.

Then, if you hit a performance bottleneck 2 years down the line, you'll be able to address it relatively easily. And if you don't? You'll still have a nice architecture that should lend itself to changes well, as well as throwing out pieces and rewriting them in something else if you want (e.g. your PDF framework doesn't run on anything other than JDK8 so you need something else).

That said, if you're working on small projects that aren't meant for a business and don't exactly have customers (that expect some sort of an SLA) to worry about, then even something like SQLite being your entire persistence layer might be enough.
The people who care are those supporting customers who are 'too big' and engineers left trying to make it scale later, when it's falling over and no thought to scalability was included earlier because nobody cared.
I made a short film using Imagen. “Tiger Goes to the City.”
Are you copying one or more of those works? If so, yes. If you aren't, then no. How do you know? Well as an artist, after thousands of hours of copying, and thousands of hours of drawing from imagination, you know which activity you are doing. As an untrained person, you might not know, but the quality/value is so low no one cares.
That's not true, there are no subsidies for fossil fuels in Europe, just massive taxes, starting with 60% tax on fuels.

Solar is not being used by general population because installation costs are high, with battery even higher and then it is usable only during the summer and you need to be connected to the grid, because you would run out of energy during winter. Additionally you need space for solar installation, which is kind of hard to get when you are living in an apartment, as 50% of Europeans do.
Casey - your blog posts are excellent, please keep writing them!
If somebody writes for you a long piece featuring many pages of text and references, quoting lawsuits and making numerous reasonable-seeming inferences throughout...

The opportunity they have to lie to somebody who is unfamiliar with the subject is immense. Falsehood could be hiding in any of a thousand places, and it could easily require you to hire a team of experts for weeks to find it and conclusively debunk it, line by line. It may well require decompiling what is functionally or literally the source code behind the piece to dismiss one's suspicions. "Basic critical thinking" is not trivial against a determined adversary.

Whether to take the claims within on face value depends on your purpose and on what you know of the writer. In this case, it is very easy to become quite familiar with this motivation and ethics of the writer in under a minute by clicking around the website, and come to the reasonable conclusion that this is a place that generally attempts to deceive their reader to secure material gain for their patrons & movement, and there are likely deliberate lies somewhere in the body of the piece. You don't even need to read the body.
Really, who do you imagine you are fooling?

The graphic does not, in fact, portray an "alpine lake". It says, exactly, "Upper Reservoir". Did you hope people would not click through and see?

The place where water in the system is at high pressure is not in the upper reservoir, but only lower down, inside the penstock. Which you now claim you already knew, after lying about it.
AND! I forgot to mention the LQCD calculations of the muon's anomalous magnetic moment, g-2, which is a precision observable currently being studied by an experiment at Fermilab.

This quantity (g-2) is dominated by electrodynamic effects. The QCD contribution is on the scale of 1e-10 compared to the full result. But it is the leading theoretical uncertainty.

There are two ways to get a prediction for the QCD contribution to this process. One is to try to back it out of a variety of data from unrelated experiments. In other words: try to fit it by requiring consistency. The other is a LQCD calculation.

The experimental data-driven fit to the QCD contribution and the LQCD calculation differ significantly. This difference is the difference between the current experiment claiming a sizeable new physics effect (the data-driven approach) and perfect agreement with the Standard Model (LQCD calculation).

So there's an interesting puzzle!
> When an attacker gains a foothold in a corporate environment, they will immediately try to find any accessible credentials to assist in lateral movement.

/me not a security expert. But isn't this the mistake I used to make for years: to believe that the hacker is a human, responding to his environment and making decisions? It took me a long time to acknowledge that nearly all network attacks are automated, and unless it's a highly targeted attack, the attack script won't care whether you're a corporation or a couch-potato in a basement.
I exist to figure out why I exist and what to do during my existence.
> As far as I know all EU residents have the same equal opportunity to get hired for a job in the EU?

Freedom of movement of labour applies to citizens of EU countries, not residents, and nothing about it prevents a company from requiring you to move to their country in order to work for them.
And what is that?
>much higher reliability

[citation needed]. Sure, it solves some reliability problems, but introduces others, and I’m not sure if it’s a net win.
They recently (about a year ago) redesigned their website, and it’s a disaster. I have absolutely NO idea what they were thinking. Links aren’t working properly, and as usual for an SPA, it’s slower now. It’s even hard to actually navigate anywhere now.

Anyway, in this case, they simply have not tested any dehumidifiers.
I found NandGame[1] to really help illustrate just how a simple CPU operates. The bottom-up approach was great at demystifying the various sub-units and how they come together to form a CPU.

Of course, modern CPUs are incredibly more complex, but most appear to function like a really fast, simple CPU.

[1]: https://www.nandgame.com/
I'm curious how they wrote 3 volumes about that - has anyone read it?
What is that nauseating zooming/rolling of the frame? A lot of shots feel cropped, also. Evading Content ID?

I think I've seen a similar effect before. Would that be multiple discovery or is it a standard feature of some editor? The distortion also seems correlated to motion in the animation somehow—stabilization gone awry?
I’m “map only” too. Thanks for the suggestion re OSM. I’m trying Maps.Me and first thing I did was set the labels to larger. Interestingly, when I went back to Google map to compare, those labels are now larger too! I don’t see anywhere to set that in Google maps, and no other apps appear to have changed scale. That’s kind of creepy.

My habit is to look at a map days or weeks before going somewhere unfamiliar, usually that’s plenty. If I get turned around on the day, I pull over and have a look at the map again for 30 seconds, done. My family has gotten used to it, agree it’s a valuable skill requiring maintenance, tolerate my occasional mistakes as an opportunity to see something unexpected, and even brag about me to their friends.

We do use Google maps when traveling for the local restaurant recommendations, though. That’s a value it really does add.
Okay, I'll bite, tell me which drills I should be spending a bit more on?
Ikejime
Similar nightmares used to haunt me, but they were about school.

Instead of showing up without pants, I showed up without knowing the subject at all.. I'd sit there intently trying to make sense of what we were doing.. I could barely identify "oh, this is math, fuck.. I've not done my homework.. the past 4 grades.." and of course it ends with me getting asked some question and waking up in a cold sweat in the middle of the night.

To be fair.. I never did any homework and sucked hard at math because of it.. so the nightmares probably just reflected my waking life.

Could it be that you actually do feel like you're slacking off too much at home? Are you actually?

When covid hit, I was the first to work from home, I thought it'd be amazing but I never got the hang of it.. I'd tried once previously as a fully-remote, I had to leave that job because I couldn't do it.. So when restrictions were lifted, I was right back at office and never looked back.
After a short intro, the first sentence is: "In his exceptional book, The Most Important Thing, Howard Marks explains the concept of second-order thinking, which he calls second-level thinking."

The book is linked to Amazon and it looks like it is an Amazon Affiliate link.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arc_programming_language
The first year, yeah. After that, people start moving out. I don’t know anybody who lived in a dorm from the third year onward.

But yeah, what poor college students trying to get a start on life and grad students making pocket change really need is some 400k/year tech workers to flood into their town, say “wow! Only 2500 a month!” and make it impossible to live anywhere.

Also, dorms are insanely expensive. And wanting to be near noisy, drunk, high college kids as an unaffiliated adult is honestly just weird.
I like it. I would prefer if your play the chime demo counted upwards instead of being rng each time you click, but that's just a tiny nitpick.
I think your experience in the UK(?) may not be very indicative of what to expect. I gather that pubs in small town Britain fill a broader social role than bars in small town America.
Hey Reuters, may be once in a while do write about how USA lawfully discriminates against Indians in Green card process, in the name of diversity! Thank you.
> Children have a right to take part in their own medical decisions as early as 7 years old

Where is this right enshrined?

> and teens make the majority of the decisions themselves after 14yo

Do you have a source for this claim? Where in particular is this the case? You say 14 but then most of the examples you give about choices with long-term consequences are at 16, since I wouldn't really include part-time jobs (not really a major life decision to bus tables or whatever) and jail time at 14 is the exception not the rule. We default to not putting 14 year olds in jail because again, we assume children are not entirely culpable for their actions at that age. Jail is reserved for particularly egregious infractions that we otherwise don't have a better social response for.

> Delaying permanent changes to a point in time where they can decide for themselves is the perfect solution

Right but isn't part of maturing going through puberty? If we block puberty, what is the point at which you can decide for yourself? Where do you draw the line?
I think this is a perfectly reasonable opinion. Nothing wrong with adding abstractions if you find them useful. I just prefer to combine small stdlib-friendly libraries so I stick with that. Echo (and Gin) are a more 'batteries-included' approach, and their popularity speaks to a demand for that approach.
My first thought was: "What then?" - the question the author would like us to always ask - is implied in what game theory investigates, including a solid mathematical theory for accounting wins and losses (example: repeat prisoner's dilemma, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CO3-796fGv8 - free video).
And there goes the usual overly simplistic and naive understanding the issues XR and such try to raise awareness of.
Humans are omnivorous but it may change with circumstances. Polar bears are carnivorous while their counterparts in hotter climates are omnivorous. For people living in the cold climates there simply are few alternatives, other cultures may decide to eat a lot of meat because their way of living provides it.
Is 4 years even possible? I’m nearly 15 years in and probably know about 1500 kanji (not using WaniKani). I feel like all these stories really sensastionalize how much people really know.
not really. By banning the whole /64 prefix, you get the same effect that you got from banning a single IPv4 address.
Please do not use firejail. See this issue page: https://gitlab.alpinelinux.org/alpine/aports/-/issues/12635

Bubblejail is an acceptable alternative https://github.com/igo95862/bubblejail
> Ideally I'd be able to try stuff in the repl then easily copy the text that worked into a module. But copying from the repl isn't terribly easy for blocks of atuff, and then clearing that stuff out so ut doesn't conflict.

For copying stuff from the REPL, `pickandcopy()` from DoctorDocstrings.jl is pretty nifty. [https://miguelraz.github.io/DoctorDocstrings.jl/]

There's also other options: you can send code line by line (or by whole blocks, or sections of code) from the VS Code editor to the Julia REPL if you have the VS Code plugin [https://www.julia-vscode.org/], so you can interactively build your code in the editor itself while trying it out piecemeal. Pluto is another option, where you get REPL like feedback, and because of its reactive nature, you get rid of conflicts as you write new code. And Pluto notebooks are just Julia code files (with extra markups for notebook functionality that don't affect the execution).

Which of these works for you depends on what suits your workflow and which tools you prefer, you can give them a try and decide for yourself.
>> First-order thinking is fast and easy.

Most definitely not. Thinking about the processes and long term effects takes a deeo understanding of things, time to properly think it through, experience to get it right and constabt adjustments. So basiy the opposite of fast and easy.

Pretending to practice second -order thinking is fast and easy. As is writing a short blog about it.
ÆPIC Leak: Architecturally Leaking Uninitialized Data from the Microarchitecture
I have some more anti-feature requests for you:

1. I don't need a digital clock or timer on my appliances

2. No loud beeps whenever a touch button is pressed or a dial is turned or when the microwave is done

3. No blue LEDs that somehow light up the whole room at night

4. Physical dials where it makes sense (temperature, time etc) instead of clunky touch crap
This is what happens when a new security model is retrofitted onto an existing one.

In the original Unix security model, there was no security concern with this (except maybe for chroot environments): it didn't allow a process to do something it couldn't otherwise do, since all processes owned by a uid had exactly the same rights. Now that we've started sandboxing user processes in various ways on macOS and Linux, that's no longer the case, and we suddenly need to crack down on useful tools like strace and gdb.
It's not fraction of total energy used, it's the ratio of the original input energy that ends up turning the wheel.

Imagine you had a line of 24 people and you asked them to cross a room with traps that kill 2/3rds of them.

66% of the people make it and for the 18 people who survive, send them round an outside corridor and back to the start and ask them to cross again.

This time 12 make it, repeat.

No more than 24 individual people can ever make it across the room, but even if we stop after a 2nd cycle already we have 30 crossings. One way to express that is that the crossing equal 125% of the initial people input into the system.

We haven't broken physics, were just arguing semantics.
General relativity remains a marvel of abstract, intuitive thinking that has led to one of the most verified physical theories ever. I'm not sure there is any other theory that stands up to it in this regard. Other thoroughly verified theories, like the standard model, had an extremely tight iterative loop between theory and experiment during their development.
Why has Elon Musk terminated his agreement to purchase Twitter?
wtf...why can't i flag these comments

maybe better for the mod to delete this thread @dang
This is amazing analysis. Hat tip!

Did you just happen to know all of these hospitals... then you used Google Maps to show distance? You are like the Ken Jennings of hospitals!
That sort of translation always had a lemon problem. How do you know if the translation to Portuguese is any good, if you don't speak Portuguese and don't know anyone who does? You can pay the expensive translator company, or the dodgy cheaper translator company that claims to be equally good.

Did you choose the responsible expensive option? Sucks, because they have been competing with the bad/automated translators so long that they squeeze their human translators so hard, they produce bad translations anyway.

Also, it didn't help that you didn't give them any context, but just sent them one sentence at a time, extracted from the strings in your program. Because we've all done that, haven't we?
Computing and Storage at the Same Time. Memory for AI Applications
Garage door maintenance, every two years, regular as clockwork. In Southern California, with all the dust and the dry desert heat, you have to clean them down and regrease regularly. If you don't, they get real noisy, and then they fail. I've looked at closed system units, but they aren't worth the cost vs the 20 or so minutes of biennial maintenance. I'd rather have $3 of plastic gears strip out that I can reorder through a dozen different supplies than actual damage to my door or the infrastructure that holds the door. Though that has become less of an issue on newer units with excessive force sensors.
How to enjoy being productive – Go inside my mind
I have no productivity issues.

Never had them. Never will.

But I have some productivity hacks I never thought of sharing until now.

I have lots of tips to help you enjoy being productive so I made them extra easy to skim through.
Move to New Zealand. We're full of small towns with great life styles.
Perhaps there’s some logic in thinking that once your stake is big enough the local politicians will start cooperating with you … ?

(Clay Davis has entered the chat)
Dunno about "best" cities, but the most dangerous in terms of violent crime have mainly Democratic or nonpartisan mayors by a wide margin:

https://www.cbsnews.com/pictures/the-most-dangerous-cities-i...

Edit: I know it breaks etiquette to complain about downvotes, but this comment is not just material fact, it's my everyday lived reality. It's not safe to walk outside at night anymore on my block thanks to underfunded police and permissive progressive judges. I hear gunshots that I never heard before. The open drug use problem's getting worse, and schools have gotten way more dangerous for kids. Someone got stabbed on my street this weekend. The political cause and effect are clear. If that annoys you, bite me.
Literally any other kind of interaction between applications feels like the apps are spying on me. I don't even want one to suggest which app I should open for a doc. Mac OS has taken security in a strange direction where you can't change the suffix of a file without exposing possible vulnerabilities by apps automatically opening it - and the backstop is supposed to be validating all applications through your "apple account" (whatever that is?). (although in some sense the suffix and permissions flaws have been around since System 7).
> I learned because it doesn't have a heating element

Is it so humid that you need one? I find the need for one absurd since I never used a machine with one and place everything in the correct orientation subconsciously.
That's fair, I do agree with the article, people work on what they want to work on. If happiness is $70k+hobbies, so be it.
The way Ray Dalio describes it in "Principles" is very helpful in my opinion. He says whenever you are trying to solve a problem, rather than just doing it you should imagine you are trying to build a machine to do it. And if you are trying to perform a task you should imagine you are writing the script for a movie in which the task is performed.

The advantage of this second-order thinking is then you have a different frame of reference. You can for example compare the actual outcome to the script of the movie you imagined before. You also have more obvious agency and different choices. When you are designing your machine you are making concious choices and evaluating your options more specifically than if you are just plowing ahead with the obvious route. The machine analogy also means you can focus more on how you make the task automated, sustainable etc. So for example in tech rather than just doing a job, you write a script so next time the job becomes trivial, or (better) you automate the processes so you don't need to do the job again.
That's just people being stubborn or bad drivers. But it's hard to be a good driver when you don't really know which turn you have to take next. Traffic can be congested or streets can be laid out in a weird way. Navigating these situations is easier when I know ahead of time which turn I have to take.

For example, if I find out too late that I have to go left, I might already be stuck in a lane where I'm only supposed to go straight or right. In this situation, I can only take a detour (can be long if I get on a highway!), block the lane until it's safe to switch or try a dangerous maneuver.
And they’ve recovered since. Tornadoes can strike most mid west and southern towns
Intel TGPU Setback Expected to Slow TSMC’s 3 Nm Ramp
Show HN: I built a competitor tracking automation SaaS tool
Hi!

I've been working on CueTap full-time, on my own, since around the beginning of the year, and I think it's ready for initial traction..

Would love to hear suggestions / feature requests / or any kind of feedback.

The onboarding does require e-mail to register as email reports is a big part of it's value.. though no CC is required with the free, no limit, 14-day trial.