skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
There are other hypotheses competing with dark matter which have revised models of gravity, it’s not just one guy:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entropic_gravity

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modified_Newtonian_dynamics
I don't believe we have yet managed to conduct an experiment to detect dark matter. We have observations that seem to contradict Einstein, but no experiment that concludes. I believe a couple of experiments are currently underway, exciting times.
As @greenthrow notes, Modified Newtonian Dynamics has been around since the early 80s, first proposed by Milgrom.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modified_Newtonian_dynamics
And automobiles provide far greater benefits to society than fishing; impacting a far greater number of people.
Your second sentence is exactly the point.

This is a single number in a noisy series of measurements. If it repeats 1-2 more times, we're on firmer ground.
It's cheaper to place a single 5G cell antenna for every 10 homes than to run FTTH to 10 homes. Home users don't need 24x7 bandwidth and generally have sporadic bursts making it possible to oversubscribe.
First, I think the reasonable null hypothesis -- the hypothesis that needs to be disproven if you want to claim something -- is that intelligence is unrelated to happiness. That's the weakest, most natural assumption. So I don't really buy the framing of the article.

Specifically, I don't think there is any evidence that happiness comes from having "solved" problems in your life. It is well-known that winning the lottery doesn't change happiness -- you get happier for a short period, but then people seem to re-normalize to the new wealth level. Other changes in life circumstances seem similar.

Happiness as a transitory emotion certainly exists. But is happiness as a reportable statistic (like weight or income) meaningful? I think the null hypothesis should be "no". It isn't clear what we are measuring, or what it means in terms of our lives. If I report that I am happy, there is some notion that it is durable and meaningful, but three hours later, I may think about my relationship with my estranged kid and be feeling blue.

I don't think "happiness" has any meaning beyond "the emotions I feel this moment", which are inevitably a reflection of "what I have been thinking about in preceding moments". If I am working on an engineering problem and come to a satisfying solution, am I "happier" than I will be when thinking of my ex-wife?

As local "emotional weather", it's meaningful. As a reportable statistic, it's garbage.
Anyway, thanks for the accidental reminder to spend a little time cleaning the pile of mail off my desk, and refreshing the tape that keeps some cables stuck to its underside. Now I can see most of the Mardi Gras doubloons that are scattered across its surface to provide a happy, healthy environment for the toy dragons under the monitor.
Hitchen's razor applies here: a claim without evidence can be dismissed without evidence. GP should show their work first before I waste my energy shadow boxing quasi-science

Since you sound geniunely curious: a number of former colonies of Britain utilise high school examination boards overseen by prestigious British universities, stats on the results are routinely published. I'll leave the details as an exercise to the reader, or when provided with respectable sources that state the contrary.
Also follows: "How not to code Perl on crack"
I think there's a difference in psychology - for lack of a better word - that makes some people have a much easier time managing the outflows than the inflows. For example, I know I have marketable skills - I'm a decent masseur for example - but I struggle mightily bringing in extra money with these kind of side gigs, despite finding them a lot of fun and not exhausting the way work is. I'm not sure if it's a matter of practicality or what, but whenever people explain how they up their income when needed, I don't get it. None of the steps explained seem difficult, but it's a difficult process to get through for me. Maybe the kind of cost-cutting I can do would be similarly difficult for others, I'm not sure.
I am not sure when this article was written, but I really wouldn't recommend threads for even IO-bound tasks. Since threads don't escape the GIL the added contention with OS thread scheduling (context switching) is a performance overhead that coroutines (asyncio) don't have. I haven't benchmarked threads vs. coroutines for IO-bound tasks...but my gut feeling is coroutines are going to generally be better because of the lack of thread switching overhead.

So for me, there really are only 2 concurrency choices: coroutines or multiprocessing. And generally, if I find myself reaching for multiprocessing I seriously evaluate if the logic shouldn't be ported to a different language.
Everything you need to know about the monkeypox health emergency
It's unbelievable the extent to which people want to spin anything related to this company. This is just a rehash of the (still weak, but better) article that came along a few days back. The overall implication of most of the text is that Tesla is keeping everything from the car, but this is the only money quote the author can muster about actual tracking:

> Meanwhile, every recent-model Tesla reportedly records a breadcrumb GPS trail of every trip it makes—and shares it with the company. While this data is supposedly anonymized, experts are skeptical.

No citation for that "reportedly". No "experts" are cited to substantiate this. In fact what this seems to be is a third-hand repetition of an answer from greentheonly in the previous article that seems to say that he thought there was an exploit that a malicious insider could use to de-anonymize the tracking. Which is... rather a different and less sensational claim.

I went looking, and AFAICT the purported vulnerability was never otherwise made public. It was just the clipped answer to a journalist. I think green has an HN account, maybe he'll provide some context?

But... sigh. No, the car isn't Tracking Everything You Do. Tesla has a privacy policy that looks very reasonable and typical, and as far as anyone can tell they're indeed making a good faith effort to honor it.
Dark Matter gravitational lensing seems pretty convincing.
https://www.nasa.gov/content/discoveries-highlights-shining-...
Now all we need to find is its elusive 4th season...
I think I need Python concurrency because I'm using it to talk to a bunch of hardware in parallel (using pexpect, for testing), collecting global statistics. I'm not using concurrency for performance (well, not in the usual way I guess). Using a different language would put me at odds with the rest of the team, increasing the maintenance burden.

What solution would people recommend?
An interesting case is the Pergamon museum in Berlin, which as an aside is an absolutely breathtaking museum to visit. Most of the big exhibits like the Ishtar gate were in place by the 1930s, where they subsequently experienced WW2. The market gate in particular was damaged by bombs and had to be restored after the war. That restoration failed due to improper conservation and more work had to be done in the 2000s.

As far as I'm aware, there's never been serious discussion of the safety of things in Berlin though. Considerations of safety really only go one way.
No, there's nothing in the dark matter hypothesis or observations that necessarily contradicts GR.

However, it's true that some other theories that claim to explain the dark matter observations are in conflict with GR, which is why those theories are received very skeptically.
I haven't noticed it on the domains I manage through NetSol. Did someone sign up for the Brand Protection Program? They make it really simple to upsell yourself.
You're right. Y Combinator doesn't deserve a shred of the respect they garner. I don't know why I thought I could trust one of their portfolio companies. I assumed they did due diligence and had customers/users in mind when selecting companies to invest in.
Is it believed Nixon understood the literal meaning of his words? He was very clever, but did that extend to quantitative domains?

The suggestion seems to be "yes", and that he was playing a game of telling a literal truth that was not however the good news 99.9% of the electorate would take it to be.
Why - 30mbps download and 0.5mbps upload, it was really the upload that was crippling (think video conferencing)

What were the returns - time will tell, but I probably have the best internet in London

What do we peer into - 10Gbps of NTT, two more 1 Gbps full peering sessions, plus the LONAP internet exchange to pick up Google, Netflix, etc. Plus my wife (AS210412) peers with me (AS211289) of course.
Twingate Architecture Overview
I think the general message here is that complex and complete architectures tend to fail in favor of simpler solutions that people can understand and use to get things done in the here and now.

Its interesting to me that the recent uptick in the personal knowledge management space (aka tools for thought)[0] is all around the bi-directional graph which is basically a 2-tuple simplified version of the RDF 3-tuple. You lose the semantics of a labelled edge, but its easier for people to understand.

[0] See Roam Research, Obsidian, LogSeq, Dendron et al.
So is premature pessimization.
At this point, I consider "Dark Matter" to be a substitute for "Shit We Don't Know About". We know, roughly, how gravity and all these forces are supposed to behave.

Certain celestial bodies don't follow those rules according to what we know about both the rules and those bodies.

So there's something we don't know about there. Either the body or the rule is missing something. If it's the body, then there's a whole mess of matter that's just imperceptible to our current methods. It is "dark" to our observation.
Hacking the Hedonic Treadmill
Is there some reason that would continue to be true if Southern California[1] was replaced with swamps?

[1] You're using "Northern California" and "Southern California" differently from everyone else; in normal use, Northern California is the Bay Area, not the north of the state.
Does the experience of the Outlier not matter because it is not the regular experience?
I'm beginning to think it's time to migrate back to plain text email.
How do you share data between machines without something like redis?
Last I understood (I am not an expert) MOND and related theories fails to explain certain observed phenomena, and goes against other experimentally verified laws/phenomena.

PBS Spacetime covers this topic in several videos, a good one being [1]. Matt (the host, an astrophysicist), describes what MOND (and other alternative theories, like relativistic-MOND) needs to do but haven't done yet:

1. Give the right answer in more than one special case. MOND may describe a few situations accurately, but it does not describe all situations where we have evidence for dark matter. Only some.

2. Consistent with other known laws and theories that are experimentally verified. According to Matt and others, MOND is not consistent with existing laws such as conservation of energy or angular momentum.

3. Make testable predictions beyond what it was tuned for.

Am I missing out on some extraordinary development in MOND and/or MOND-like theories that occurred recently?

[1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0sTBZ2G4vow
> I am skeptical of giving the government the power to censor speech and to determine what is hate speech, because this power can be abused. But...

Good example of what Salman Rushdie call's the Free Speech "But Brigade":

"And now, the moment somebody says, "yes I believe in free speech, BUT," I stop listening."
> They seem staged for the sole purpose of taking fancy pictures of them.

Yeah, exactly. And well said. It's like, I'll look at such products and think "wow!", but simultaneously I'm thinking "this is the exact opposite of the type of setup that someone who is serious about focusing on their work would want."
> Why can't you use Gmail on your iPhone?

Because that's the company's Gmail + Calendar.

> the short of it is you are in a very small class of users and people don't build tools for small markets

Lots of small markets are dominated by indies and small dev shops.
Having worked for an Academic Publisher that had intense interest in this I finally came to the following conclusions to why this is DOA.

1. Producers of content are unwilling to pay for it (and neither are consumers BTW)
2. It is impossible to predict how the ontology will change over time so going back and reclassifying documents to make them useful is expensive.
3. Most pieces of info have a shelf life so it is not worth the expense of doing it.
4. Search is good enough and much easier.
5. Much of what is published is incorrect or partial so.

In the end I decided this is akin to discussing why everybody should use Lisp to program but the world has a differ opinion.
https://www.vox.com/science-and-health/2018/8/27/17761466/ps...

Just a reminder social science has severe replication problem
(Disclaimer: am particle physicist, but not a cosmologist) For a bit of context, see Sec. III.6 of https://arxiv.org/abs/2105.05208 ("Challenges for ΛCDM: An update", where ΛCDM is the "standard model of cosmology"). The linked article refers to _known_ problems that this model has describing small scale structures. That dark matter doesn't exists seems like a non-sequitur to me.
I greatly respect the initiative and scrappy-ness of someone doing this. And the legacy providers are clearly sitting on their monopoly position in a way that makes their pathetic alternative so starkly unattractive.

But isn't it also true that once his network grows above a certain customer base (and gets into the maintenance phase), he will start to see all the effects that eat into being able to do this cheaply?

Namely:

-- customers who don't behave as well or kindly as before

-- customers who need 24 hour customer service

-- maintenance that can't be done himself, and he has to employ people

-- customers and vendors who sue you for breach of contract, or other simply nuisance lawsuits

-- upgrading the network to the next technology requirement, or when he's unable to get 2nd-hand parts so cheaply, etc.

-- or a natural disaster that unexpectedly forces replacement of (and charging for) equipment that wasn't anticipated in the original subscriber price

Maybe none of this rises to the level of making it fundamentally different or unsustainable? But it seems to me the honeymoon phase doesn't last long, and it's got to hit some unavoidable realities soon. At least, if you think you can replicate this, it requires finding people and neighbors who are willing to do actual work and investment/concern to make something like this possible, and not simply pay a vendor a premium to phone it in. It must be treated like a neighbor-to-neighbor community project, not a faceless commercial transaction with its attendant obligations.
That's a pretty fun index. If you removed the bias of accepting the current cosmological model as consensus and read it like it was submitted by a grad student how many points would the dark matter & dark energy model accrue? Is it logically consistent to propose a model that requires such a large adjustment by the inclusion of variables that have never been experimentally proven to exist? Does this model rest on the laurels and works of Albert Einstein? "10 points for each new term you invent and use without properly defining it." Do dark matter and dark energy not qualify here?

IANAP (physicist) but using this index it's hard not to imagine another place in the multiverse where this dark energy/matter cosmological model receives a high score on this rubric.
Careful with repeating mantras without reflection.

You may end up using them as arguments when they're just catchphrases that require context.

See people who used "goto considered harmful" as an absolute to never use goto (C).
So it is a drop? Why people here have to reduce to arguing the semantics when they themselves are prone to hyperbolic?
On galactic and larger scales galaxies move and form as though there is a lot more mass out there than we can see. I forget the exact figure but something like 20x as much.

Either you have to patch your gravity theory or assume there’s a bunch of stuff which interacts gravitationally but barely or not at all with electromagnetism.
It is true that it has never been observed and is hypothetical.

However, we have observations which break the rules. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaxy_rotation_curve

The thing to me, why do we assume kepler's law applies to galaxies? It has only been proven in relation to the solar system. Perhaps it has been proven to work for the exoplanets in other systems?

Also what exactly is dark matter? Is it some exotic unproven god or is it just dust, hydrogen that just doesnt glow or light up?

What about our observations are just wrong? What if we haven't adjusted our observations for https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Local_Interstellar_Cloud and thusly we are slightly off because of some latent glow from the local cloud? Or perhaps even going further and being in some transition to the neighbour cloud is throwing observations off.
> Why aren't smart people happier?

Old adages sometimes have the answers; in this case "ignorance is bliss".
It is just an internet joke.

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Herostratus/Finland_doe...

Also

https://www.cbsnews.com/news/birds-arent-real-origin-60-minu...
Related:

Who owns Tesla’s data? - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=32384827 - Aug 2022 (131 comments)
I think yes - If you configured something like:

PRAGMA journal_mode=WAL;
PRAGMA synchronous=NORMAL;

This should be very safe & still reasonably fast.

See: https://www.sqlite.org/pragma.html#pragma_synchronous and https://www.sqlite.org/wal.html
Prices were already going up before July 2021, so this is not necessarily that positive (the amount of price increase is relative to an already heightened baseline).
If your plan is generous enough, call your home recorder.
Money-centre economies (e.g. the U.S., U.K. and Singapore) are using a light tough. Rulemaking is competitive. And prosecution is de-prioritised.

There was marketing aimed at the libertarian inclined spouting nonsense about ending war and governments or whatnot. But that’s old news. It mirrors Treasury pitches in the 50s (more anti-banker than anti-state) and gold buggery in the 80s and 2000s (more anti-state). Crypto unified those pitches right after a financial crisis and during an ongoing series of political crises.
This is an interesting concept. Put the vote multiplier on the backside instead of the front. The Wyoming rep gets 1 vote, but the California rep gets 1.8, etc. This would allow for smaller bodies for more effective debate and you’d give smaller population territories over-representative expression in those debates, but you’d tie the outcomes to be proportional to the populations each representative represents.

I think this is a clever way to keep a cap on a parliamentary body’s size while allowing for more egalitarian representation.

Wouldn’t help combat the other problems of a capped body size (worsening gerrymandering, for example), but it’d be a step in the right direction.
Tuple table performance, though, tends to degrade quickly when querying separate rows for every little attribute.

More _memory_ and row caching in RAM has allowed for a resurgence in denormalized schema.

FB's underlying schema is similarly just a few tables. But the entire dataset is memcached.
You included the same link twice. I'm guessing you wanted this one: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modified_Newtonian_dynamics
If someone were to ask me I'd say I embraced the scientific consensus that dark matter is real, but in my heart of hearts I have to admit that it smells like phlogiston and aether to me, and its lack of falsifiability is not something I can ignore.
Also armchair, but this is how I understand it: if you take gravitation as it is typically understood, it implies motion of stars around galaxies which we don't see. The discrepancy can be accounted for if you assume there is 33% more mass than we can traditionally observe, roughly suffusing each galaxy. Since we can't observe it, it's believed to not interact with any normal matter other than through the gravitational field.

edit: 33% is definitely wrong, but I don't know the actual number...
> The index for all items less food and energy rose 5.9 percent over the past 12 months, the same increase as the period ending June.

Fed is going to continue to increase rates.

At some point the markets are going to wake up to that reality and tank.

Then by holding rates high the Fed is going to break something in the economy and the recession will cause a financial crisis.
Infrastructure is clearly in there too.

- "for the Erection of Forts, Magazines, Arsenals, dock-Yards, and other needful Buildings";
- "fix the Standard of Weights and Measures;"
- "To establish Post Offices and post Roads"
Confirmed against every experiment, but not observation. We do not know why galaxies rotate at the speed they do. Apparently we have a pretty good idea of their visible mass, but should result in much slower galaxies than what we observe.
to make this happen faster:

withdraw your sanctioned Tornado Cash notes to a virgin address, don't worry about cashing them out at an exchange, just deposit them as collateral in MakerDao to create DAI

deposit those funds into lending protocols until you have a LTV ratio of 80% or higher

Sell all the borrowed funds and walk away from the collateral and that address

protip: Uniswap V2 swap/exchange code has a recipient feature that isn't present on the GUI. When you trade assets, you can designate yet another address as the beneficiary. Exchanges don't read custom smart contract inputs to flag source of funds to prevent you from cashing out, for now.
A Story about the Cloud. Inspired by Winnie the Pooh
> It fits the data.

To use an analogy from the world of finance, that sounds like building a Balance Sheet model that "plugs" Retained Earnings so that Assets and Liabilities always balance. Of course it fits the data, its very existence is to explain away the part of the model that doesn't fit the data
> What I do care is what the laws actually are. We are talking about Hate Speech Laws.

And yet you define Hate Speech laws as those disallowing others from "offending, mocking, or belittling" those in designated protected classes. Is that truly what these laws you are referring to are targeting? I don't see that in the UK's bill. Sincerely: am I missing it? Am I misreading? It's long, I relied on a summary for this comment.

> If it's a legitimate threat then it's illegal no matter what person or group it is targeted at... If it's real abuse, if it's real threats... then it's illegal universally.

The chilling effect of violent rhetoric will exist and persist whether the threat is legitimate or not. That's the debate. Should you be able to stoke those sentiments freely? The individuals who are stigmatized certainly don't have the capacity to fact-check every threat.

I'm not an advocate for these laws, I don't know what's best, but I can't see it as black and white as you seem to. The person you replied to had what I thought to be a very good perspective I hadn't considered.
All you have to do is take the company's rev/profit and divide it by the number of employees (factoring in how much you pay an employee)

So yeah if MSFT can make 3 billion dollars with 1000 engineers, and Google makes 1 billion dollars with 1000 engineers, then 1 MSFT eng is worth 3 of Googles (simplified - obv business involves sales, marketing, etc)
The closest thing I've found to what you're asking for is "The Complete Book of Knots" by Geoffrey Budworth which is generally organized into sections related to typical activities such as sailing, general outdoors, and home use. It's not nearly as comprehensive as Ashley's Book of Knots, but in brevity there is power in helping to find the right knot for the right purpose without being overwhelming.