skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> I was under the impression that to actually get the powerful chain reaction you have to spend a lot of energy bringing pieces of fuel together (to the point that explosives are used for that) otherwise they'd just melt and not explode.

When it comes to the original fission weapons, you’d use a spherical arrangement of high explosives to force a carefully crafted, solid core to implode and achieve the critical mass (fat man) or you’d fire a gun with fissionable material as the bullet into a fissionable target that would achieve critical mass once the bullet whacked into it (little boy). Your description is super interesting because it sounds like maybe you were conflating the two. I can’t imagine the gun method really takes a lot of energy (more than a shotgun shell, but not much more?) but the high explosive arrangement for the spherical method was probably a scary, powerful work of art, in its way.

I expect with the more developed weapons, not to mention the hydrogen bombs, the warheads are quite sturdy and it’s the arming systems and fuses that prevent disaster. The bombs might sometimes be expected to hit the earth from a great height and then detonate, after all.
The internet predates sqlite. They used to be stored as a directory of .txt files.
> That's not what Ctrl+C is meant for or used for. It's used to terminate the running application, not the running task within that application.

I spend a lot of time running computations in REPL, and sometimes I realise that I made a mistake and I don't want to wait for the current operation to complete, or the mistake itself is such that the operation will complete only after I become old and die. In this case, I expect Ctrl+C to abort the current computation and return to the REPL, with the previous state (all the variable assignments) intact (modulo assignments made inside the loop I killed). I think a lot of people have the same expectation, and it's usually satisfied in modern REPLs.
My dream in web development since 2012 is to have a way to represent timelines well. They are not easy and they are not intuitive.

Unfortunately I never had the chance of a paying project that involved timelines, or libraries around it.
Office 365 is the answer to this. Simultaneous editing is pretty incredible and seamless, as is versioning and instant save. Trying to hack in some third party solution is never going to be as good.
Quite confident but utterly wrong.

As has been pointed out to you several times.

Science does not and cannot work by cherry picking.
The waste storage (Yucca mountain, find some geological scale safe place) would seem to, but again we run into the "old nuclear" view of things.

Fukushima showed the flawed thinking that underpins "old nuclear": well, we have fixed the risks for everyday conditions ... that is, we put the minimum amount of required thought into safety from a political but not a fundamental design aspect.

Waste TRANSPORT falls into this. Are we pretending that this isn't the transport of nuclear dirty bomb material? That's the fundamental issue. Sure it can be safe when it gets there, but the security of the waste in transport and the other dangers is just too high. I mean, a deer crossing the road could cause a crash and spill. Tire blowouts. etc.

And there are just too many examples of corporations not giving a shit about truly dealing with environmental/waste/pollution procedures. Look at the fracking industry, they likely poisoned a great deal of water tables and other widespread effects, but didn't care in the least. They could get away with it.

For waste storage, we can have some regulatory rubberstamp that "it is compliant" but all we need is some spill or something similar and you have nuclear waste in the water table. Great.

Power generation and nuclear generation companies are full of conservative and environmental-hostile people. I don't know why this is, but it is, and it is another big issue with "old nuclear". I suspect it is a combination of the military origin of nuclear technology, regulatory fatigue, and the contempt of the Greenpeace antinuke types. But it is a fundamental organizational and culture problem of the nuclear industry. These organizations are hostile to the safety regulations and environmental concerns to the point that they will do the absolute minimum or backburner the risk mitigations.

So that's why I view the LFTR's near-100% fuel use as a critical aspect of a next gen nuclear approach. It eliminates the problem of waste, and instead changes it to an efficiency challenge. There is no waste issue to deal with so it won't be down-prioritized on contemptuously viewed. No NIMBY issues on transport and storage.
Not enough integrity in the world. We'll done on being a decent person and highlighting the error.
> I thought in Nix you can have that, and python can have venv for independent library versions, is it that no one has done the work to combine the two ?

A python environment is effectively a different take on a venv. Python packages is one giant python environment. For programs that life outside of python packages but use the packages from there we are free to apply overrides how we want. So it is possible to have different versions of a package in a different python environment.
[0xe+3y] gets a graph of [14+3*y].

Exercise: Why?
One of the great thing about the physical sites of used-book stores, which I've never seen replicated in an online store, is their ability to surface books you'd never know to look for. It's not just curation, but the accumulation of curation over many years, and the willingness to leave interesting books on the shelves to wait for the right reader.

Great second-hand book stores are riddled with wormholes into past civilizations and cultures, maybe just a few decades old, that no one ever bothered to name or remember, outside the wormhole of the book. So I guess they make the past more discoverable. And by discovering those lost cultures we can understand the trajectory of our culture, its effervescence and loose ends and lost causes. Which is great for understanding our own time.

Rant: American culture seems fascinated with time travel and alien intelligence, as though they were things just out of reach, when in fact, we're surrounded with time travel and alien intelligence that we manage to ignore. The books are the time travel. The ravens/dolphins/dogs/elephants are the alien intelligence.
It is quite common for different people have differing responses to medications like aspirin, antihistamines, and antihypertensives. For example my brother and I both have bad seasonal allergies. My brother takes Claritin for his and gets relief from the worse of his allergies when he does. If I take Claritin it doesn't reduce the impact of my allergies to any noticable degree. If I take Zyrtec my allergy symptoms are mostly eliminated.
It would be nice if companies offered free trials without requiring a credit card number. There's really no reason to grab this other than to hope someone forgets to cancel the trial after 3 days and you catch a quick autopay b/c of it.
Predicting future cost is really, really hard. Future cannot really be extrapolated from the current state of things.

Until 2022, a lot of Europeans counted on cheap Russian gas.

If any kind of cold war breaks out with China, will solar panels be as available as they are today?

Ceteris paribus, I would always keep at least some energy generating capability "at home", without the need to rely on potentially hostile powers or unstable regions. Even if it looked uneconomical at the very moment.
Using text files as a mental model to describe cookies is useful. It might not be entirely correct, but it’s still useful.

Discarding a constructive mental model like this for the sake of pedantry — especially when it makes the idea described harder to understand — is just stupid.

And so, it follows that this article is just stupid.
I like this. How has a thriller not be made about this very scenario?
Are you including the cost of battery storage in solar & wind power generation for 24 / 7 power output? Otherwise Nuclear power is of higher quality since it can be sustained virtually at any time unlike solar & wind
I’m gonna go out in a limb here and say you’re scared to cite anything in fear of it having a rebuttal.

As I said in my reply the report concludes that Trump didn’t collude with Russia to win the election. So the major conspiracy theory is throw out the window. It holds as much weight as Biden stealing the election.
> You know what killed nuclear power? The moving targets of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission.

Uh, massive political pushback from environmentalists starting in the 70s leading to less nuclear and more fossil fuel plants, because somehow they were (and continue to be in parts of the world) much more strongly and rigidly opposed to NPPs than coal and gas power plants.
>“everyone’s doing it!” norm where people start shifting how they feel about it.

Yeah. A lot of people won't do something that they think is sort of scummy if they only know one person who does it--and he's sort of an asshole.

But when there's a whole subreddit devoted to the behavior, they may start to think they're the sucker if they don't do what "everyone else" is doing.

And unfortunately with outdoor gear, I've definitely had fairly expensive outdoor gear fail catastrophically after a few years even though it had only been gently used a handful of times. That said, I suspect LL Bean and REI still have some flexibility. I did just have Patagonia credit me for a somewhat older jacket that had completely delaminated--of course their normal prices are so high I'm not sure I'll even use the credit.
That doesn’t sound like a dengerous excel problem, it sounds like a sloppy ETL problem. Don’t import data blindly - check the date formats for example.
I absolutely enjoy finding a used bookstore while exploring a new town or city. I can't help but meander through the dusty, over stocked aisles overflowing with old and new books. The personality of the store is not just built from the owner but also the surrounding community and the books they read. Some stores have large science fiction sections; some have larger history sections; and some may even have an actual engineering or computer science section.

During one of my meanderings, I found "Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programming" (SICP) lying under computer reference books on the top shelf. I got the old rickety foot stool, pulled the book down and found it was in decent shape, so I had to buy it. And yes, I know I can read it for free online.

If anyone is in the San Jose, CA area, check out the Recycle Bookstore. One of my favorites.
If the application is a shell or REPL (an application running other programs) then that is exactly what you want to use CTRL-C for.
I didn't care about them before the pandemic
For external users of the API this can be quite helpful when you’re looking for the password column on the users table.

For some reason I don’t think graphql actually works this way. Can’t quite put my finger on why allowing access to any column on a table might be a really bad idea.
>Everything you’re saying is anthropocentric

I mean, sure. Do you have any instrumental goals that aren't anthropocentric? I'm serious. Do you want anything, anything, that isn't explicable by your embodiment as a human on the planet on which you evolved? I can barely think of anything at all that fits that criteria, let alone something in that category that I personally might want.

Having evolved under the conditions that have largely prevailed for 100,000 years or more, I'm anxious to not rock the Great Boat too sharply. The rate of change is ultimately unstoppable, but we don't have to introduce disruption into otherwise stable systems, and thereby increase it. Why? Because I, too, if I manage to think that far ahead, agree that humanity should ought to get out among the stars because nature's inexorable march will change those conditions no matter what we do. Consider, however, the nature of the blood system in vertebrates: it evolved in the way that it did to emulate the properties of the ocean that once surrounded our simplistic, barely-multicellular ancestors. Diffusing foodstuff in and waste out is a passive existence; putting those services under the control of an internal ocean that the organism can influence means much more complex options. Like leaving the ocean entirely, and becoming something new.

The environment around us is intertwined with our health and well-being, in ways that we don't yet understand. If the natural environment, the "ocean", changes under our feet too quickly, we won't be able to package enough of it up to take with us to the stars. Put another way, are there any external dependencies for, say, vaginal pH? How about nutritive crops? Gut flora? How much greenery should a human see to remain psychologically healthy? What does the greenery require? We're in the very early stages of "evolving a blood system" so we can leave; we need to ensure the environment can sustain us until we do.
RIP Amazon Four Star stores (which were brick and mortar stores that sold, among much else, books)
>But Nordic countries become Christian just in 12th century

Which is neither here, nor there, as Christian countries still bathed just fine.

>So all these “don’t bath” nonsense promoted by pope was ignored

They were ignored in Christian countries, include Rome and Byzantium, anyway.

Not to mention, they weren't meant that way anyway. From TFA:

"It’s true that we have medieval sources which warn against “excessive” bathing. But here’s the thing, that wasn’t really about being clean, it was about hanging out naked in bathhouses with the opposite sex. They didn’t want you to not be clean, they wanted you to not be going down the bath house and getting your fuck on. And yeah, some holy people didn’t bathe, notably saints who would forego bathing themselves but bathe sick or poor people. But if you bring that up you are missing the point. Medieval people thought that bathing and being clean was really nice, so giving it up and living with your stank was a sign that you had given up on the corporeal world and only thought of heaven. It was holy because it was uncomfortable, like wearing a hair shirt, or eating vegan, and hitting your chest with rocks and sitting in the desert trying not to wank. You know, standard saint stuff. It is mentioned because it is uncommon and uncomfortable."
Taiwan official leading missile production found dead in hotel
Sun exposure causes a severe inflammatory exposure for me. Spent a day at the beach and it was 7 months of burning nerve pain before I got it calmed down.
Side effect of autoimmune Sjogrens.

I don’t go out if UV is above a 2 anymore.
Is psyocybin the only active chemical in mushrooms or is it like Marijuana where other chemicals in it can have some effect too
What browser? Firefox Mobile needs a user-agent-switching extension to bypass Google's anti-competitive user-agent-sniffing suppression of fancy results widgets.
Show HN: Open-Source Observability Control Plane
Meh, I really dont miss bookstores, and I suspect most people who claim to love them are exaggerating. I dont read as much as I used to, my local library is good and online is much cheaper and convenient. What is cool is second hand books if you can get browse for something interesting cheap that you didn't know you wanted.
So you could claim to be able to reconstruct output of that filter. Which still is not the case — you cannot have signal to be both aperiodic and band-limited: either in time domain or in frequency domain signal will be periodic.
So no real (that is, finite) signal satisfies requirements of Nyquist theorem.

Not only that, your DAC needs to have infinite lookahead to reproduce the same input that was passed to ADC.
My favorite is East Village Books. I've had luck finding interesting books there.
Correct. The minimum of the LHS is at least the maximum of the RHS. This is more than you need.
Same here, as far as I'm aware Thorium salt reactors are still solidly in the experimental stages. Demanding a switch to something that isn't ready yet strikes me as making perfection the enemy of better.
It's hard for me to find a good point about the verboseness and repetition of for example https://git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/mediagoblin.git/tree/guix-...
I like to ask people what they've tried so far so I can understand their thought process - but also to give them a hint that I expect them to use brain a little bit.

With every client I've ever worked with I always have a wiki page with common Q&A, some "required reading" and links to other wikis / docs.

If people do the incredibly annoying thing of starting conversations with "Hi" or "Hey Sam, how's it going?" Or even worse "Hey, can I ask a quick question?" I politely share this site https://nohello.net if I feel it likely won't be taken with (much) offence.

If they always send you a DM/PM rather than asking in a shared room I ask them to please start a thread in the room so that others can learn and the help can be load balanced, I often link people to this article: http://blog.flowdock.com/2014/04/30/beware-of-private-conver...

If none of this helps and they really are just being lazy - I all have a direct conversation with them and be pretty frank that the value people add to a team / company is the effort and how they go about problem solving - if they're just acting as a middle-person passing questions and answers around it becomes and highly inefficient system.

Not thinking before asking someone else for the answer is a learned behaviour. It can be learned from being out of your depth, low confidence often combined with a lack of context, laziness or general incompetence. Most people aren't generally incompetent but have become comfortable with their learned behaviour.
>What an unparalleled activity it is to browse a bookstore in a state of curiosity and receptivity, chewing one’s intellectual cud!” This isn’t the cheap, fast-food browse of the scroll but, rather, something more meditative, more nutritious.

>Deutsch’s bookseller is a cross between a curator, rabbi (Deutsch comes from an Orthodox Jewish background), and gardener. “Our work is to select and assemble, making the discordant wilds of bookish inquiry manageable,” he writes.

In other words, a better link aggregator. What does it take to create that depth online?
Ask HN: Are there atmospheric waves just like there are ocean waves?
For me personally, it’s the experience and atmosphere rather than the availability. There’s also the charm of browsing without looking for anything specific in mind. I know it is possible to be shown a random assortment of books online, but it doesn’t compare with simply walking down the aisles and just scanning over all the titles for what looks interesting.
I agree with you that there's no inherent magic to the monad concept, but there really is something neat about the monad generalization -- it's not just a senseless abstraction. That meme "a monad is just a monoid in the category of endofunctors" has merit here. If you already believe that monoids are a useful enough concept, and also if you believe functors are useful enough, then this is a basic structure that pops out. It's a higher-order one, which makes it that much harder to grasp, which only amplifies any possible disappointment :-)

One place this generalization is useful is in defining other structures, for example traversable functors, which as part of their definition need to commute with every other monad. Sure, you won't be using most monads, but it's easier to define a traversable functor that works for all monads instead of the small subset of computationally useful ones.

The deep part to monads is that they (well, a large class of them, the "finitary" ones) end up classifying Lawvere theories. This means that each monad is secretly encoding some suite of composition laws for operators of arbitrary arity. I'll just give an example with the list monad. If you have a list [1,2,4,2], then you can think of it as being a function, where `map` takes each integer (a "variable") and substitutes it for some value, yielding a list -- so in this way the list is an operator with an input per int. The monad part is that you can compose it with other operators by using `flatMap`. For example, if 1 -> [1], 2 -> [2, 3], and 4 -> [2], then the `flatMap` gives a new "function" [1,2,3,2,2,3] from integers to lists by splicing in other operators (and `wrap` is a way to tell `flatMap` that you want to preserve a particular variable, so to speak). I think this is a way to think about why monads have anything to do with computation -- a value of `m a` where `m` is a monad is a computation with "`a`-shaped holes," and `flatMap` is a way to plug other computations into these holes.

Anyway, that's a lot to say for this, but I'd come across Lawvere theories earlier this year and it gave me a new appreciation for monads after years of just using them while programming. (Disclosure: I'm also a pure mathematician, so I understand if others won't share this appreciation.)
I have the impression IBM started doing this sort of thing with its mainframes, oh, a half century or more ago?
That’s true, but this thing is not code any more.

It’s an incantation that’s propagated for 50+ years because it’s minimal and effective. Over time, it’s been fully distilled to those properties.

Since comments aren’t essential to being minimal and effective, they don’t survive the distillation.

Think of it like a clever gist that got pasted and shared a hundred times. Even if the original source had explained every step in great detail, with inline comments and deep explanatory discourses and citations to prior art and etc, they’d eventually get trimmed away as fat as people repeatedly prune it down to some “important” bits pasted into their own copies and then later share those trimmed copies, ad infinitum.

This is that, but 50 years out.
Turns out, there are (confusingly) two different APIs that can serve this purpose: moderation [1] and content-filter [2]. I was incorrectly using the former (which can be lenient) and unfortunately also costs money... >_>

But I agree with you, switched to the content-filter API now. I am mostly just trying to make sure this meets OpenAI's stringent guidelines.

[1]: https://beta.openai.com/docs/guides/moderation

[2]: https://beta.openai.com/docs/models/content-filter
Ask HN: Best Webcam These Days?
I'm looking for a webcam to replace my nearly decade-old Logitech C920, which washes out color and has a middling mic.

I don't care as much about resolution as autofocus quality and high/low light performance and color balance.

It needs to work in Linux. (Most do, from what I can tell.). Any recommendations?
- It shifts the complexity where it belongs - out of native apps deployed to user's phones and onto the backend that you control. It doesn't eliminate any complexity.

- There's really no need for API versioning in GraphQL. Just keep iterating on the fields.
Sorry I misunderstood. I don't normally open my windows since it's often too hot or too cold outside and also air pollution from cars/buses on the street below. Probably in a milder climate open windows would be a bigger problem.
My issue is still with storage.

It doesn't matter how "green" your energy production is if storing it requires you to turn an entire continent upside down for the battery minerals.
If consumer-level RF meters were sabotaged to ignore specific bands, expensive professional-level SDRs would be less likely to have the same blind spots, if only because they are used in a wide range of applications by professionals who also have reference equipment for calibration of questionable meters.

If consumer-level RF meters were sabotaged to ignore specific bands, professional-level SDRs could be used to identify those bands. That may be faster and less work than detecting any hypothetical implants, and would itself be a significant discovery of interest to the global engineering community.