skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> don't know if you'll read this

I did read it ;)
Because I'm very much interested in this entire topic.

> I hope I can encourage you to think more broadly about what "differentiable programming" means

I'm trying to, but I find it hard. My stance was that differentiable programming seemes like this theory for which only a single example (namely autodiff) existed, as you also said ("autodiff has mostly developed in practical usage, so the use cases are front-running the theory").
But this entire comment of yours really clarified some things for me.

> The main paper I linked [2] is not about autodiff at all.
>The quote you cite from [3] is easily misunderstood without that context

You finally convinced me to have a detailed look at this. Thank you for providing the context.

> Conditionals and loops are possible in [2] since it allows church numerals and fixed point combinators but it introduces a nondeterministic sum [...] and is difficult to operationalize. That's what I meant by "wildly uncomputable".

I think I may have misunderstood some of your previous comments (and perhaps vice versa) as it now dawns on me that you use a vocabulary than comes (I guess?) from PL theory and is very different from the one I'm used to, as a mathematician versed in analysis.
I'll re-read them.

> Daniel Murfet et al [6] have some related work more directly in the context of machine learning.

I'm actually aware of Daniel Murfet but haven't read his work from last years.
Did you have a specific paper from him in mind?
Yep, and the Finnish doctrine has been pretty much vindicated by the Ukraina invasion (although a full-scale land assault against Finland has long been seen as a rather improbable scenario, that hasn’t stopped us from hoarding AT weaponry and maintaining a large artillery force).
https://www.norsk-tipping.no/kundeservice/spillevett/obligat...

One such implementation. (Link in Norwegian)
Exactly. I searched a lot for a small form factor ZFS backup server. The vast majority of mini PCs don’t expose a PCIe or eSATA expansion slot. You can connect HDDs with USB, but USB connection is not preferred with ZFS.

The mini PCs can contain dual SSD, but, as noted, the storage is limited and the price is high.

The closest options I found are: RockPro64, Odroid HC4, AsRock Deskmini X300, ZimaBoard, RPI CM4, each having own problems. One may build one from an mITX motherboard, but frankly that may also cost about a TrueNAS mini (which is quite large). Synology boxes are nice, but I want ZFS!

If someone knows a small low power system for a ZFS backup server (like a passively cooled SBC or PC with sata port that can be used to connect HDDs placed outside box due to size limitation, or at least something that is portable), including a DIY build, I would love to take a look.
Fantastic! This is similar to the C library `libui` since it also acts as a wrapper of native libraries of each platform.

If only there was a way to interface to these using some declarative minimal and highly opinionated programming language and paradigm...

There is a Janet binding for it but it looks abandoned.

https://github.com/andlabs/libui

https://github.com/janet-lang/janetui
That's described in the article, that they could be used in Linux, but only as a volume. Apparently (if I read the article correctly) that wasn't optimal for exploiting the higher performance.
> iOS already doesn't have a user-accessible filesystem

iOS actually did add some sort of native file explorer some time ago – no idea how comprehensive it is, but I guess it shows that even Apple couldn't entirely get rid of this.

> and Android is moving in that direction.

… and I absolutely hate it. Though I think it's not so much getting rid of files, as simply a half-assed attempt at sandboxing with a completely incompatible new API, various bugs (performance and otherwise), and breakage (flexibly exchanging multi-file file format files [1] between arbitrary apps is more or less dead if you follow the new rules, though in that case no sandboxing solution on any OS seems to get that right – as far as I'm aware only macOS even attempts to offer some sort of solution for that problem, but even that only solves part of the problem).

[1] Like locally mirrored HTML files with multiple pages or separately stored subresources (JS/CSS/media files/…), or movies + subtitles, or multi-part archives, or…
Ah ok, then this is an apples to oranges comparison. Thank you!
The result is available for download.

Research often search those database for features to find interesting proteins.
Neither does Rust prevent all kind of race conditions, only the very special case of data races in the same process memory.

Concurrency related races accessing external resources, nope.
Proof Of Concept.
I tried Turbo Prolog back in the day, it made zero sense to me.

The first thing I wanted to do was file I/O, and there didn't seem to be any. What good is a program if you can't load/save results?

Even now, looking back at the examples in the manual[1], it didn't look anywhere near as easy as Turbo Pascal made it.

[1] - https://ia802902.us.archive.org/1/items/bitsavers_borlandturOwnersHandbook1987_8438592/Turbo_Prolog_Owners_Handbook_1987.pdf
> How often do you have to restart your phone? A couple of times a year maybe?

Every month, due to the monthly security updates which are delivered via a firmware update.
OMG these are always the hardest. It is much easier to make a significant life-defining choice than to choose a colour of a toothbrush.
When Engineers Think Cooking/Recipes Could Be More Enjoyable, we get a website with useless fade-ins/fade-outs that are choppy even on a MacBook Pro M1 Max with links that are not links, pages that jump around when you as much as click on something, and a cursor:hand overlay over 90% of the page.
High res termal are still significantly heavy.
Over any sensible period of time, like a year, essentially all lone wolf day traders lose money
Real diversity. Based on each individual's strengths and experience, not characterized by broad traits like skin color and gender.
I do, despite its warts, because as polyglot developer I am able to use mixed code bases, so I get all the safety I need from managed languages, and only use C++ for what would be anyway unsafe code blocks.

.NET + C++/CLI, Java/Kotlin + JNI/NDK, JavaScript + C++ addons, and so on.

Many developers get lost trying to use an hammer for every nail.
Location: Oslo/Munich from October
Remote: Yes
Willing to relocate: NO
Technologies: Next.js, React, PostgreSQL, MongoDB, Express.js, Node.js
Résumé/CV: https://hendel.vercel.app
Email: jonasnhendel@gmail.com
I always wondered what it'd have looked like if Optane had a frontend of regular memory (infinitely re-writable) and just had a special command to "sync" it back to persistent memory.. then the OS wouldn't need to be made aware, except for the special sync option once every while to persist..
There's already plenty of code to handle NUMA, it shouldn't have been too hard to add proper support for that.
Oh this is nice too! It took a bit of time to visually parse it but I would guess this allows for a lot more flexibility in expressing the actions, and where they occur. I like the dedicated lanes for each cooking dish, reminds me of network diagrams :)
No it's not, but it is impossible with that attitude.
IIRC permissible lane skew in PCIe is like 30 ns, which means that the latency due to deskewing alone in PCIe already approaches main memory latency.
Nice. And thanks for remembering to ask the model, I'd forgotten. Seeing that "open launcher, ask question, get answer flow" made me jealous so maybe I'll spend some time bringing more rich functionality to rofi (a launcher on linux) this weekend.

It'd be sweet to have AI actors a few keystrokes away (base model non withstanding, I'm partial to more traditional statistical machine learning and the hypergraph concept opencog is built around myself)... maybe a syntax like "@actor:opt1:opt2: input string" would be good.

Then you could mess with things like the temperature of the response like:
"@davinci-02:hot:short: input string" where hot is one of the available temp "tags" and short is one of the response length tags (order wouldn't matter).
So ideally, we have:

- free plan no CC needed (e.g. 100 submissions)
- extended free plan with CC (e.g. 500 submissions)
- paid plan with cost control (e.g. don't spend more than 25$)

Would that alleviate your doubts?
YouTube and Facebook push users towards significantly more content that just strives to get a reaction out of people and they do so persistently. Often that content is filled with blatant lies which causes the engagement (to debunk/argue) in the first place. The cycle repeats, the user reacted and then it optimises to get even more such engagement, it shows even more such toxic content. There's really no functional dislike button, you'll keep on seeing shit that aims on riling you up.

That's not to say TikTok won't amplify what you engage with, it absolutely does but it's good at not showing content that makes you feel like shit. Obviously it does test showing new and different content, but it won't show people Fox News willy-nilly. Content can't be too far out of someone's interests. It also won't start an autoplay rabbit hole of conspiracy videos like YouTube does, you'll get your usual feed after the tests, there are plenty of chances to stay on "their side" of TikTok.

I too have very little sympathy vilifying one platform that optimises for content you like and then defending others that optimise for content you engage with. The former really letting people stay away from right-wing propaganda, the latter actively pushing everyone towards it.
It's essentially impossible for anything that drives a steam turbine to generate electricity to get that cheap. Just the cost of the steam parts, if everything else was free struggles to compete with solar today.

Distributed solar also avoid transmission costs, at a certain point a point source of free energy gets outcompeted by distributed solar.

So nuclear might have niches, or exciting new applications but is mostly a dead-end.

Shipping hydrogen about seems likely to be a big thing though, easy transition for existing infrastructure.
Building that shouldn't be too difficult, but powering it for reasonable periods would probably be difficult and noise might be a problem for cosplaying applications.
P.S. (In case you return once more to read comments.)

It seems like these are problems that could benefit from a PL-theory <-> mathematical analysis cross-collaboration.

I would have sent you a private message via email, but couldn't find any info on your HN profile; my email is there.
OP: Yes, that, euros or dollars, well, "the common currency" and also a reference to the cyberpunk game :)
I built conoteapp.com, it's designed for highlighting text and adding comments rather than specific HTML elements but it fits the bill for being shareable as you don't need to download anything.

Drop me a message if you want any help!
Using artificial intelligence to control digital manufacturing
There's also the manufacturers' side of this equation. If you have lifetime purchase versions, users will expect a period of support that will probably be longer than the cadence between new releases. As a result you wind up supporting multiple versions of your software, as famously happened with Microsoft's Windows and office franchises
China has several high profile failures of this policy in the semi business.
Steep rise in cardiovascular disease expected in the U.S.
This, with emails, unified inbox, snooze emails, templates and for linux.

-> Shut up and take my money
I suspect this homebrew interface will work with QLC+ with no software mods necessary if you set the right settings. It already supports some commercial products that use the same FTDI chip:

https://www.qlcplus.org/docs/html_en_EN/dmxusbplugin.html
It came up here because with Terraform you can automate many parts of the cloud (VMs) provisioning and deployment.
Please elaborate on the tcpdump angle! What did you discover?
An actual air conditioner would be heavy, you can get a fan jacket:

https://www.makitatools.com/products/details/DFJ201ZS

Liquid and air cooled suits are common in auto racing.
I wasn't really talking about the engineering/management divide. I was more talking about the culture of management as a profession and how misguided it's become. It's just like Paul G said. You have this whole class of workers who often act as though it's mostly their job to develop and market a personal brand. And the people left in their wake ask themselves dumb questions like, "How come that person who knew nothing about our business but looked good on paper couldn't end up walking the walk?"
I feel this point is getting lost on you but Singapore has a vastly different culture to America. The fact that Singapore doesn't need to "game the system" isn't because there are fewer regulations. It's because it's a different culture.

The reason America needs legislation is because American companies have a culture of abusing a free market.

What works for one country doesn't automatically work for another.
thanks! :) Correct, we see the appeal from the Typeform UX but actually see snoop as more than a tool to create beautiful forms. Data collection is just the entry point.
You're implying Facebook and YouTube don't?
Signals and Threads[0] is a podcast featuring interesting conversations from engineers at Jane Street

[0] https://signalsandthreads.com/
That's been shut down since this May according to wikipedia.

I've built conoteapp.com in a similar spirit.
Yea :) In fact I'm planning to add a C ABI to Capy (I already did some small tests in the c_exemples folder)
It's not a really fair comparison. AMD just passed Intel not because it's value is particularly inflated but because Intel's price is falling faster. AMD's Price to earnings is around 35 or so, unlike Tesla's over 100.

Furthermore AMD's revenue is about a quarter of Intel's, given that AMD market share has been growing the past few years and they appear to be capable to continue growing it's not unreasonable to bet that in the next say 5 years they are going to have better returns than Intel.
If you come from a pure math theory first background I would advise starting out with Björks “Arbitrage theory in continuous time”, I personally found the lack of rigor and superfluous examples in Hull frustrating and found Björk much more approachable then you can look into Hull for real life practicalities like daycount conventions, etc. If you want to go into complex derivatives pricing I would advise looking at the Andersen and Piterbarg trilogy.
Frankly I think the real problem is that most home cooks or even pro recipe writers are actually pretty clueless about these things. They don't have any formal education and they just fluked into something that works for them but they don't know why. So you end up with a majority of recipes online being overly specific in places that don't matter and really unspecific in those that do. Then you follow these recipes and some work and some don't and you develop your own intuition, which is very specific to your own setup and your ingredients.

I have been watching Gordon Ramsay's Kitchen Nightmares, the UK one, which is not very dramatic like the US one, and instead actually really focussed on the restaurant and the kitchen. One thing that amazes me is the clear, laser focussed simplicity of the dishes that he suggests. He and the other chefs (at least those ones who have been to catering school) simply have an education that allows them to cook a basic pasta dish that will blow away any intricate home cooking recipe. Not only are home cooking recipes generally worse in outcome, they are actually more complicated, more difficult, and more expensive to make. Uneducated cooks don't seem to trust the basic flavours and textures of what they are cooking.
How would you define "real diversity", as opposed to "fake diversity"?
As I understand it Linux's VFS and Block layer aren't really designed to exploit the type of throughput and latency that Optane provided.

What I'm curious about is what happened to all the PMem (Persistent Memory) and NVRAM (Non-volatile RAM) work that went into recent Linux kernels and libraries.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mojibake#English
This isn't a Show HN.

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=22081419

This was the Show HN. There were already many discussions about onedev here and the resubmissions slowly get out of hand...
Yeah, that's true, they were definitely more of an early 80s thing. I certainly don't remember seeing anything like them later than primary school years.
Indeed it is a bold statement, but if one can't make overly grand claims on the Internet then where? :-)

I'm interested to know to where you find the simplicity in Python. My guess:

- the ecosystem

- portions of Python that date back over a decade + perhaps some of the modern string handling and maybe data classes

My overall point is that the Python community relentlessly beats the drum on simplicity, but modern Python is not a simple language for any reasonable definition. I believe they have increased the complexity of the language while claiming that these complexity-increasing changes are in service of simplicity. I further believe that mountains of this complexity could be avoided with better language design and a better implementation.
Could we start from here, and completely give up fossil fuels? Yes.

Will we avoid a crisis by migrating to other sources of bulk power before easy to reach oil runs out? Very doubtful.
Fifty shades of self-service. Interactions between platform & application teams
Climate Endgame: Exploring catastrophic climate change scenarios
“ Look at all the rich people in the world, look at how old they are, and ask, are they retired? No! People who are driven and smart don't suddenly earn their first $5m go off and buy an annuity.”

No but having the freedom to start your own trading shop (or company) is hugely different than having to stick with a job you mostly don’t like to pay the bills
Looking in the implementation of the Python version of ABC[0], you'll see that `__subclasshook__` doesn't do any language magic, it just registers the method to be called in `__instancecheck__`. So if you just implement `__instancecheck__` directly, you get the same behavior, but without the caching around it.

class OneWayMeta(type):
seen_classes = set()

@classmethod
def __instancecheck__(cls, instance):
C = instance.__class__
print(f"trying {C}")
if C in cls.seen_classes:
return False
cls.seen_classes |= {C}
return True

class OneWay(metaclass=OneWayMeta):
pass

def f(x):
match x:
case OneWay():
print(f"{x} is a new class")
case _:
print(f"we've seen {x}'s class before")

if __name__ == "__main__":
f("abc")
f([1, 2, 3])
f("efg")

When running:

trying <class 'str'>
abc is a new class
trying <class 'list'>
[1, 2, 3] is a new class
trying <class 'str'>
we've seen efg's class before

Am I missing a particular point the article is making, or did the author overlook this?

[0]: https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/main/Lib/_py_abc.py
We were talking about retiring at 30 to do science, not retiring at 50 to fund science
Some counter-points:

In Ocaml-world it is customary to write .mli files that specify the types of exported functions and modules. Those are then checked by the compiler against the .ml file with the implementation. In the .ml file you indeed use type inference over annotations almost all of the time.

The Ocaml compiler is largely written in Ocaml.
C and C++ are not used very much at Jane Street as far as I know.
To be fair, vowel gradation (aka ablaut) is a rather weak relationship – one wouldn’t usually say, eg. that in English i, a, and u are related just because of the conjugation of Germanic strong verbs such as sing/sang/sung.
> Guido, having clearly avoided any relevant literature […] unobservant of prior work

Same thing can be observed for his blog opinions on parsing. Sadly, this gives rise to a whole generation of programmers who believe (on account of perceiving him as an authority) that Peg are actually good.
I wonder how we went all the way back to every solider wearing plate armor like it's 1500 again.
For me the main constraint was the development environment which is not very nice.
The suggestion algorithm is surprisingly fine-grained and stable, that seems to keep people addicted. That's both a positive and a negative, it's also not that easy to end up on the "wrong side of TikTok", with the wrong crowd you don't engage with. Unlike with YouTube and Facebook, I haven't seen close relatives end up in the alt-right/bullshit pipeline. No inane "Elsagate" videos or Fox News.
Lone wolf traders are satisfied in income in hundreds of thousands of dollars per year, while a large company wants millions or billions. There are way, way more opportunities on the market to make just a couple hundred k than to make a billion. In other words, a lot of the opportunities do not scale well.
Immunant | Irvine, CA | Software Engineer | FREELANCE or FULL-TIME | REMOTE (US residents only)

Immunant is a boutique systems programming firm with a focus on operating systems development, security hardening, and code migration to Rust. The code we help write run on millions of devices and must resist attempts at tampering and exploitation.

If you are a dedicated systems programmer with substantial C/C++ or Rust knowledge and the ability to solve problems in a minimally terrible, minimally fragile, and reasonably clear way, we'd like to hear from you. We prefer freelancers at this time but we will also consider exceptionally strong candidates for full-time positions.

Please send your CV to team@immunant.com. We are unable to consider candidates outside of the US. Please mention HN in the subject so we know you pay attention to detail. We look forward to hearing from you.
Years of observation and experience. What makes business sense to Apple (or anyone) is not always in the user's best interest.
The costs of shipping? Import taxes or tariffs? High rates of DOA or returns?
Autoplay and endless scroll are also features in Google shorts and Reels, so if that is the case you are making, then you need to go after them as well
Getting Monkeypox Treatment is easier, but still daunting and confusing
Flying squirrels evolved gliding independently from bats. Bats aren't rodents and they're not closely related.
SSDs are already insanely fast, and the file model has served us well enough. It makes persistence explicit.

Considering that rebooting is currently the primary way of fixing any malfunctioning device, blurring RAM and disk doesn't seem that helpful. Things will crash and you will still need that distinction to some degree, no matter what the storage tech is. Some stuff is volatile and some stuff isn't.

We still need to explicitly define what happens when we reboot.

What makes optane really interesting to me is the endurance. They seem like they would be great as traditional SSDs hosting databases.
You are absolutely right and we are aware of this as we calculated it through.

Pricing an OS project isn't easy and we will introduce scaled prices per submission e.g. 500-2.000 -> 0,02$, 2.000-10.000 -> 0,01$ and > 10.000 -> 0,005$ or so.

We just didnt want to make it too complicated early on.
Right.

After all it's not like a differing genders or skin colours leads to any diversity in experience . . .
This is your friend: https://beta.openai.com/docs/introduction
As a long-time user, I want to show my big thanks to OneDev and its author, for its features, performance, resource efficiency, and most importantly, Robin (the author)'s quick response to all questions and issues. This tool should have its position in DevOps market.