skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Ask HN: Transitioning from research to industry, how should I prep?
Hey HN! Looking for some advice as I transition away from a largely academic environment to industry.

I work in robotics. I am currently enrolled in a top ~3 robotics program in the US, working on robot learning. Previously I worked on different robotics problems including: heuristic based path-planning, multi-robot systems, UAVs, SLAM etc. Through my research, I've gained experience in Python and to a lesser extent in C++ as well. Prior to joining the grad program I worked as a Research Intern in a US semiconductor company's research division, on developing algorithms for SLAM (I developed kalman filters, keypoint extraction and map storage/retrieval). Most of these projects were "systems projects", implying that the primary innovation was combining exisiting algorithms/methods into a complete end-to-end-system, rather than novel research contributions, but hey I'm not complaining! I really enjoy systems work turns out, which brings me to my point...

This brief stint showed me the stark contrast between academia and industry. It has me wondering if I'm much better for industry, since I feel my short and long-term incentives are much more aligned in industry rather than academia.

So I want to ask HN: How do I prepare for similar robotics/deep learning/computer-vision/machine learning jobs in industry? There seem to be a ton of advice for people venturing into SWE/SDE roles but not that much for "Research Engineer" positions.

Do I hit LeetCode? Do I improve my webpage? Do I start a blog? If I need to grind at LeetCode, what kind of challenges should I be focusing on? The keywords that I'd use to describe my skillset would include: Python/C++/TensorFlow2/Pytorch/OpenCV/ROS

Any and all advice is highly appreciated!

PS: If you think I would fit well with your organization, please let me know! I often feel like organizations wouldn't want "generalists" and instead prefer "specialists".

-transitionAcad
>they had fb.com/shitty (or something like that)

https://mbasic.facebook.com/ perhaps? It is still available and is designed for the lowest of low-end dumbphones.

It's a decent workaround if you need access to facebook's chat services on your phone but don't want to install that accursed messenger app.
i urge you to talk to ppl who have run low income housing. from the people i know who done it they quit bc it cost more to maintain it with all the damage and crime then a modest blue collar unit. "building more housing" dont fix nothing if the ppl who live there treat it like shit attract crime and don't reliably pay.
Do you mean RESTful and RPC-based APIs peak has past? Because in the backend, everyone's still using and building those, it's just the way they're advertising and mainly doing integration is event-based (which sometimes is actually just RPC wrapped in a long-polling mechanism).

Or do you not see event-based architectures as APIs?
It's funny because I often wonder the same of CEOs. What exactly are we paying them for? How can we judge the quality of their work?
It's more difficult, but it is possible. My mother was diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes and currently follows a vegetarian diet. With diet and exercise, her numbers (a1c, and blood glucose after eating) are now well within the normal range.

Her diet does seem quite restrictive to me, but it works.
Strongly disagree with the downvotes on this post.

The phenomenon you describe is real enough, but I’ve also seen teams lament their shortsightedness as they fight with the limitations of opinionated frameworks (cough… Django… cough). It’s extremely hard to choose the right tech. The best engineers I have worked with are just as good at minimizing the stakes of making the wrong decision as they are at making good ones.
Space requirements for storage are not dictated by optimal nuke construction site criteria. In particular, no storage method has the potential to render a whole region uninhabitable, and does not need the square-mile exclusion zone.

There are many alternatives to batteries, for longer term storage. Tanked anhydrous liquified ammonia may be common, particularly for smaller and more isolated utility districts, in part because tankage can be topped up from imports if it runs low.

Underground or sea-floor compressed air are practical, as is buoyancy, in many places. Many more places can use pumped hydro than have an existing dam, or watershed; either up a hill or down to an underground cavity.

The method used will be whatever is cheapest in the place and time constructed. Cost for most methods is falling fast.

Building a nuke is by far the most expensive baseline alternative, provided it can even be approved and built on a useful schedule.
> Please don't post shallow dismissals, especially of other people's work. A good critical comment teaches us something.

I’m totally open to being wrong. I’m eager to learn - which is generally why I share information. If I don’t readily share what I know to be true, like in this case, nobody will ever correct me and I’ll spend the rest of my life being incorrect.

On HN you generally start by telling someone why they’re wrong and supporting that in some way.

I.E. if you know/believe fluoride was added for another reason - that’s a good place to start.

Or if you know/believe purified water is not corrosive, that would be a good place to start.
I 100% agree with your opinion and it makes total sense to go with minimal intermediaries! I'm trying to decipher your comment around "bypass APIs" - the webhook and event streaming arch. makes sense for any net new applications being built from now (or for the past few years).

A typical small to medium enterprise would still have hundreds of APIs (internal and external) that still need a platforms to take care of API lifecycle events. My follow-up question is as follows - Is there a market for another API management tool that is

1. Less expensive,
2. Encourages collaboration between internal dev teams,
3. Curation i.e. takes care of the lifecycle management i.e. design, arch. approval, development, test, release, production, versioning, monitoring, deprecation.
4. Compliance - PCI compliant and manage clientIDs and secrets (rotation included)
5. Be multi cloud-native
For most people, much cheaper and simpler is to buy a beater car. That’s what the working poor do.
The podcast You’re Wrong About recently did a three-part series on Go Ask Alice with Carmen Maria Machado. Episodes are here: https://www.buzzsprout.com/1112270 or pull them down in your favorite podcatcher.
I think the distance to the datacentre is a huge element in the lagginess, so I doubt we can declare one service better than another with only anecdata.
Not to mention they employ batteries fabricated with toxic chemicals. It’s going to be tragic watching folks try to figure out how to safely dispose of these batteries 20 years from now. Not to mention the carbon that will be emitted to make them in the first place.
So basically it means it can only build by mutualism.
A wheel organism and an axle organism, both feeding independently and somewhat connecting. Maybe male/female like anglefish
That's not true. The original people who saw it (with their spiritual senses) also claimed that others could know it was real (with their spiritual senses).

If the world didn't get to see it, or can't see the literal face of, or a pointy appendage of God, or can't see the difference between this religion and every other religion that makes claims based on one's subjective spiritual senses, then that's a problem for them (and their obvious spiritual deficiency).

Why does everyone leave out the important details??
Used ones go for about $25 on Ebay https://www.ebay.com/sch/i.html?_from=R40&_trksid=p2380057.m...

Same on Amazon: https://www.amazon.com/s?k=ti-83+plus&crid=1OPODU9X5ZHVY&spr...

In-person used stores are likely cheaper still (Salvation Army, etc).

The thing about producing a long-lived device that a person only uses for a decade, without ever updating the product... is that the used market very quickly saturates.
Of course not, that could get dangerous!
They want to live downtown in major cities. They won't accept a trailer park in the boonies.
I'm guessing that you're using some hyperbole here.

If you can refine that a bit we might get an interesting discussion.
Here's the current world record cube, 33x33x33 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NqJC3YxfcyM&t=0s

As with all such cubes, it's borderline unusable but still an interesting challenge.
I’ve bought the Mango Pi and a few other cheap SBC’s on RISC-V. The performance is slow 1Ghz single core but enough for small hobbies. I was hoping the different ISA would make shellcode incompatible.

But IMO RISC-V like many Berkeley products, is a pointless waste of resources to make a political point. There’s no compelling reason to recompile all our code to help out fabless design houses out of a license fee. And nobody save a privileged well educated and funded few are in need of a free ISA.
Looks like we are saying the same thing :)
The Homemade Submarine (1999)
Yes, "free software" is a competing term used by Free Software Foundation, but they don't certify licenses in the same way. They have a page commenting on different licenses [1] but it's less useful than what OSI does, in terms of defining a term clearly and attempting to be neutral about what licenses it includes.

Perhaps this is because their goal is to promote the GNU licenses, not to be objective about it.

OSI was created in part in reaction to ambiguity and confusion around "free software."

[1] https://www.gnu.org/licenses/license-list.html
There's also a link there to buy one:

https://oliverstickers.com/puzzles/sls-puzzles/33x33x33.html

... for only €15200 :-)
Ask engineers to open PRs -- even if they're WIP -- early. That way other engineers can check in and unblock those who may be stuck, or who are shy about being stuck. (This is especially important for anyone less than Sr 2.)

Doing this also keeps people focused on the task with less procrastination. No commits in 3 days... why? In my experience this is the best way to keep people moving while also increasing visibility into technical code at all stages of the process.
> They have to be killed

Who have the power to do that?
Does individual state have army?
Here is the fundamental problem. You cannot explain (a lot of people worked with containers and kind of get what they are but nit really) what a container is and point to the article. I've read the article and it confidently talks about docker containers. I can tell you for a fact that just because you're using a docker file and build a image does not mean there is anything special about the container that docker spins up. In fact there is no such thing as a container. We made it up. It's just a bunch of Linux kerned features that are used together creatively.

A container is not a replacement for properly securing/isolating your app. Any flaw in any of the mechanism the kernel uses to provide the "containerization" features can end up with all the containers on the node compromized. Also, unless you're really disciplined about how you're building your images you probably already have a bunch of zero days lurking in your deployments.

It's all fun and games until we actually need accountability and the buck has to stop with someone.
> SSD speeds will probably continue increasing, so removing RAM will take us about 20 years back to the past

I think you significantly overestimate how much they can reduce latency for SSDs. Keep in mind, even a 80286 from 1982 had a memory latency in the 200ns range[1].

[1]: https://cacm.acm.org/magazines/2004/10/6401-latency-lags-ban... (view PDF, table 1)
> there is no consensus on what is "open source"

It's not "consensus" in the sense of "unanimity" (is anything ever, when it comes to widely used terms?) but there's a "consensus" in the sense of widespread agreement to use the OSI's definition.

> Is AGPL open source?

Yes. Why wouldn't it be? It meets all the standard requirements (https://opensource.org/osd) and the OSI has approved it.
Seems like a vanity metric more than anything.

How old is a project? Do they use issues for support and pebkac errors? Are they shipping without testing enough? Did they choose a monorepo? Is the project a large code base? Do the close issues and open new ones frequently? Do you use issues for copy and website edits?

These are all things I've seen other projects for, not sure which rust does...

Go has half that, but by several measures is more popular
*Placed the last beam in the building.

Terribly far from the kind of "complete" which would be relevant news here.
Yeah, it’s nice how he just glosses over the impact of subsidies for wind and solar.

We could power the whole grid with wood stoves and steam turbines with big enough subsidies. The fact that a heavily subsidized energy production method outperforms a heavily regulated and unsubsidized one shouldn’t be surprising to anyone.
How much profit does Alphabet gain from you watching YouTube more on your additional monitor? How much productivity is lost due to you watching YouTube more on your additional monitor?

I would assume the productivity hit would outweigh whatever gain Alphabet gets. And this is assuming the ownership percentages are the same. If the shareholders hold 50% of you but only 1% of Alphabet, then their preference for your productivity would be 50x greater.
Unsatisfied with built-in folder-based bookmarks, I made a tiny site in Flask where I could add links, along with comments and tags. I can then search any of these fields. I'm sure it exists somewhere, but it was a nice learning experience and I use it an awful lot. It's quite satisfying to see my "library" grow.
What does that have to do with anything? We're talking about Pascal's claim
> all licenses are terminated as of 14 days after the date of this notice, and you are requested to delete The Machinery source code and binaries

If I had invested a year into building a game on their engine, and they told me to delete my game, I would sue. This is serious monetary harm being inflicted upon developers.

If they're going to drop the engine as a product, I would expect a perpetual "same-version, no further support" license offered to existing users. That's the bare minimum these folks could do.

This way of handling things is screwing over anyone that bet their project on the engine in the biggest way possible. It is not trivial to change engines while in flight. They're asking people to do a complete rewrite.

And if they're really closing up shop, why not release the engine as open source? Are they getting bought out silently?

Makes no sense.
> we should've invested in low-income housing, and public transit infrastructure so that people could live elsewhere, and commute. Also, healthcare for folks who struggle with mental health.

How far do you think Seattle can get on its own? What kind of assistance is needed from the county? ... Washington state? ... the federal government?

P.S. I realize this is an easy question to ask but difficult to answer in any reasonable amount of space. I'd be happy to read recommended articles on case studies or data-oriented comparisons.
Having slightly better optimizations due to changing ABI doesn't sound worth the friction of having another language in the codebase. Especially when the guys who invented it (google) is famous for sunsetting things and couldn't get their peers to use bazel, the other thing google invented

I don't care if this sounds uncharitable, I see the pitfalls and I seen so many people get sucked in to prior pitfalls
What solution are you trying to solve with an API Management Platform?

AWS, Google, Azure all offer products, or a collection of products to fill most needs that a typical platform would provide. You can self-host and try open-source products (some of which have a commercial/Enteprise offering too), but it really depends on your use-case and organisation.

If you're buying a product like Apigee, Tyk, Kong, MuleSoft, etc - it's usually to solve a specific purpose, but the product just happens to serve a few other use-cases (like out-of-the-box Authorization integration with AD for example).

Most customers I see going to market for these types of products really don't need functionality beyond network isolation, authentication and rate limiting. AWS API Gateway's free tier would probably meet the need of most of MuleSoft, Apigee, Kong and Tyk's customers - but consultants and sales people got involved.
> The costs of solar, wind and batteries are dropping exponentially but the costs of nuclear are not improving.

So where can I see a cost comparison that factors in the cost of storage? I've probably seen 20 people say this exact same thing and have never been able to find an actual cost breakdown that supports it.
It might not be this easy. The dilemma is this: if the company produces good product, then they will probably gaining market beyond just regional.

The international supply chains of today's world was grown organically, driven by the market where inferior company and their products gets replaced by better (sometime just slightly) ones.

However, I do agree that a Plan B is required in many fields, but I guess you need huge amount of government subsidies to keep them running.
If we remove Chernobyl from this list, we'll find that probably just 1 person died from radiation after power plant accidents.

Fossil plants are killing millions of people every year.

During heatwave this year, when we had temperatures around 43C for almost 2 weeks, hundreds of people died in my country because our energy grids were overloaded and ACs turned off. And many people can't even afford to pay for AC energy bills anyway so they don't use it. Our energy needs are growing every year and energy production can't keep up.

We NEED cheap energy that nuclear can give. This is the matter of survival at this point.
The Challenge of ‘Twilight Asteroids’
If RVs are allowed to park for unlimited time, can I just rent semitrucks to park in front of my business for unlimited time?
Vine, Yik Yak, and Google+ off the top of my head went the way of MySpace.
I am fairly sure type M is used in normal residential construction. L is heavier and use for more underground or commercial applications. You can quickly tell the difference because M has red writing on it, while L have blue.

The problem is there are no "L" fittings and the normal fittings used for L copper can be quite poor. For this reason and others, some people like ProPress fittings which are very high quality (and expensive).
> Arm was founded in 1990. When was the first Linux-capable Arm-based dev board available for purchase?

I think the first Linux-capable ARM-based dev board was available for purchase in 01989: the Acorn/BBC A3000 had an ARM2; the outdated https://www.arm.linux.org.uk/machines/riscpc/ says, "The support for these machines is now beginning to become increasingly difficult, however there is still support for them in the Linux kernel."

This is misleading in two ways:

1. Linux didn't yet run on it, since it hadn't been written yet; the effort to port Linux to ARM started in 01994: https://www.arm.linux.org.uk/docs/history.php

2. Advanced RISC Machines, Ltd., was spun out of Acorn in 01990, but the Acorn RISC Machine project started in 01983 and the ARM1 was first fabbed successfully in 01985. So the A3000 was shipped six years after the design effort began and four years after the first working ARM hardware.

https://riscv.org/exchanges/boards/ claims, "Nezha is a AIoT development board customized by AWOL based on Allwinner’s D1 chip. It is the world’s first mass-produced development board that supports 64bit RISC-V instruction set and Linux system." I find this hard to believe because the D1 just came out a year or two ago and I think the SiFive "HiFive Unleashed" shipped in 02018, and the "SiFive Freedom U540" was announced in 02017 https://linuxgizmos.com/sifive-launches-first-risc-v-sbc-tha... after SiFive launched in 02016 https://www.wsj.com/articles/backers-of-open-source-chips-la.... Seems like they had Linux-capable chips sampling later in 02016: http://web.archive.org/web/20160915000420/http://hackerboard...
From an ex-well driller - which I yield isn’t the most reliable source.

I haven’t been able to find a source since posting this. I may have my facts backwards! The closest I have is this CDC report saying it reduces corrosiveness: https://www.cdc.gov/fluoridation/engineering/corrosion.htm

My understanding is that, if you take fluoride out of the water, you’ll need to replace it with something or the water will replace it itself (aka eat the pipe).

That obviously doesn’t mean fluoride was originally added for that reason though.
Narrative = Story

Story = Sequence of Details

Sequence = Stepwise Chronological Ordering

Narrative = Stepwise Chronological Ordering of Details

Features = Current Product Status Minus Chronology

Product = Stepwise Chronological Ordering of Details, Accompanied by Optional Current Product Status Minus Chronology (for People Who Are In A Hurry)
Should you use it though? That's the question!
Fun fact: You can run Oberon OS on the Oberon RISC chip (emulated in JS) in your web browser from here: http://schierlm.github.io/OberonEmulator/
We know at least some retrofits were done.
Do you really need anything more than the one from OpenAI? I mean are you legitimately concerned that someone might sincerely do harm or place you in legal trouble based on stuff like this?

I say this because when I read that it was obvious this wasn’t a serious pitch, it’s also not an idea that would ever get funding and it simultaneously highlighted the ability for these content generating tools to produce really dumb things that no human should take as serious… Legitimately the realm of good satire and black comedy.
Yeah, I recently gave up reddit too, for the same reason. It was interfering with my concentration too much, not only when working, but also when just trying to do something productive with my liesure time. I was clicking refresh hundreds of times a day. Very much a "poker machine" mentality. The clicks are free, but attention is priceless.
Seems likely. Or maybe they don't have any cache and so it's spending half the memory bandwidth on instruction fetch? That can't be the Pi's excuse, though.
And what is the probability of a reactor going down unexpectedly versus a weather event that causes renewable sources to stop producing?

I think we learned the answer to that question last winter down in Texas.
The police seem to have a vendetta against the group the accused is part of:

https://www.thesaturdaypaper.com.au/news/politics/2022/07/02...
Yep, and I remember the moment of surprise and delight when I once included an eps file into my TeX output with some color and saw the color show up in my gv output.
That is not at all how the legal system works.
"Open source" was a service mark of OSI, an attempt to defend the term against people who use it inconsistently with its definition. I don't know if this is still the case, but OSI still advocates for use of "open source" consistent with the definition below.

Both open source and free software are defined as software that allows you to:

* use the software for any purpose

* examine the source

* distribute the software under the same license terms as you received it

* modify the software in any way

* distribute the software in modified form under the same license terms as you received the original

Stallman's quibble with "open source" is that open source messaging focuses on the business benefits of this kind of software rather than the inherent virtues of free software (and the inherent vices of non-free software). Note also that even to Stallman and the FSF, even BSD- or MIT-licensed works are "free software"; software licenses that forbid redistribution under a different license are called copyleft licenses under the FSF.