skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
For lower-stakes streams of random data, like such as unguessable patterns in video games (or perhaps in Monte Carlo simulations for a Chess or Go engine), CSPRNGs are a common solution here.

You bite off a chunk of data from the RNG and use it as the seed for a sequence based on a cryptographic hash, relying on the non-repeating qualities of these algorithms to give you a convincing random data stream that is not necessarily suitable for generating cryptographic keys.

The problem here, if there is one, is that if you implemented your RNG source as just reading from a file descriptor, the subsequent bite of that proverbial sandwich gets the entire tomato slice and most of the lettuce. If the language you picked already abstracts /dev/random, then it's just a couple lines of code difference for you. If not, well then welcome to the wide world of cryptography APIs, friend.
> I still am not seeing the reason why this physical server needs to be capable of coming online in seconds.

Spinning up in response to requests, without having to be constantly running (and being billed for).
>Of course 32MB of ram isn't enough to hold the frame buffer for an HD screen, let alone multiple 4K monitors.

Actually, it's exactly right for a 4k framebuffer: 3840*2160*4/1024/1024 ~= 31.6MB. 8-)
If you want to, you already can. It's what's so great about the web, you don't have to use anything beyond HTTP and HTML. But each of those layers introduces its own costs and benefits, so you can pick and choose to get what you want.
We already had a cure for MPB, anti androgens. There might be some side affects though.
In 1980's dollars?
From the article:

>Not only a ghost town, but a ghost town that was built for $50 million in 1981...

>It is a long way from any major city, and not accessible by road...

Edit: From Wikipedia...

>In 2004, the ghost town was bought by Indian-Canadian businessman Krishnan Suthanthiran for $5.7 million; he has spent $2 million maintaining the town.[2] In the end, he would have spent over $20 million more to fully update the town. He has also since closed the town to the public.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kitsault
Also interesting is pdqsort, which will become Go's standard sort.

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=31106157

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=31098822
It's because almost no one uses React the way it was created, but ultimately depends on what you mean by Web Framework. I don't think react includes enough to be a web framework.

It's a library to make components for web pages. Notably, Facebook's chat window. Later, one people decides that it's a good idea to have one giant component mounted at `body` or `div` directly underneath the body that would hold everything else and even the sun.

React didn't have much for state management and doesn't have anything for navigation support. It was released in 2013 and Create React App, which is actually a framework, was released only in 2016. Even that isn't a framework, but rather a template.

Now, Next.js and Gatsby are actually frameworks based on React. Backbone.js is an MVC framework.
That doesn’t make sense though, it’s much easier for me to throw away a bike in a large public trash can than find my nearest water body and go through the trouble of making sure it will sink.
The best thing about Windows 11 is that it finally pushed me to go to Linux, and I switched to Pop OS. I had played around with Mint 10 or so years ago, so honestly, I was braced for a whole lot of friction and little irritations, missing drivers, hours on stack overflow, that kind of thing. The best way I can describe the actual feeling was like putting on aftersun after getting sunburned. It's honestly bizarre that I can feel the absense of intrusion as the OS just does its thing in the background.
This is what the patch does. It does not handle the case of VM resume yet. Fork safety is achieved through a generic mechanism that any userspace generator could use. The advantage the vDSO has is that it can assume that MADV_WIPEONFORK is implemented, but that's about it.

The vDSO-based approach is certainly interesting because the kernel can know exactly where randomness caches are located and zap them as needed (on fork, periodically, after VM resume). But if entire pages of memory are dedicated to buffers anyway, MADV_WIPEONFORK is sufficient for now.
You might enjoy this site https://blurbusters.com/the-stroboscopic-effect-of-finite-fr...

It’s more or less dedicated to that issue

Another thing that can help is black frame insertion (thus removing the sudden “jump”)
How is that not the exact same for tracing GC?
Protecting and notifying our customers as well as this free tool. No we don't send anything to databrokers, we verify so it isn't abused.
Assuming CAD and using the Bank Of Canada's inflation calculator[1], $50M in 1981 equates to about $154M today.

[1] https://www.bankofcanada.ca/rates/related/inflation-calculat...
Because there's a pub?
Well, when you start with a "tutorial" (or whatever you call this thing) like this one, you get a false idea of just how complex web development actually is.

I once wrote an e-book on how to use the now mostly defunct Kitura web framework. It started with teaching you how to make a one-file script to output a "hello world" message. After that it talked about using templates and database connectivity and all that, very iteratively. Client-side scripting or "serverless functions" (whatever those are) were not a part of it at all.
Build a fantasy CPU emulator in JavaScript
> Static typing: We're not there yet. Lack of generics means arrays can contain anything. Not even close to TypeScript, and let's not compare to functional languages. Types in PHP is still duct-tape.

I'll admit that I personally don't care about generics (and static typing), but I find types in TypeScript more cumbersome than in PHP. Maybe that's the price to pay for extended capabilities.

Also I do Elixir professionally, which you'll agree is a functional language ;), and I would take PHP strict typing & type hinting any day over what we get in Elixir.

Performance-wise I would say it's OK these days, in a web context most of the problems come from complex data layers, like nested data in a rest api, which caching can't always solve.

It will never be as fast as Go, or Rust (or Elixir), for sure.

On the other hand, PHP 8 + Symfony + PhpStorm give you an insanely productive platform and amazing DX experience.
Anyone want to explain this like I’m a cgi-bin developer from 2004?
I’ve seen this go both ways.

The other outcome is that people are so terrified of trying anything (maybe because of fear of failure, but not always) that they never do anything.
I believe that people deserve the right / ability to spend their money as they see fit regardless of transaction size, anonymously.

Why does the bank / government need to know were/how I'm spending my money?

I'm already taxed when I'm paid every month, I pay my property taxes. This is not about tax evasion or money laundering for me.
Thanks for giving it a read! Very excited to see results of Dr. Longo's study in Italy as well. For now we have his 6 guidelines of a "longevity diet":

1. Limit calorie intake to maintain a body mass index of 22 to 23 for men and 21 to 22 for women.

2. Eat a diet high in wholegrains, legumes and nuts. Stop eating meat to restrict intake of the amino acid methionine, but include some fish.

3. Aim to get between 45 and 60 per cent of calories from non-refined complex carbohydrates, 10 to 15 per cent from plant-based proteins and 25 to 35 per cent from plant-based fats.

4. Do a limited daily fast, eating no calories from around 3 hours before bedtime and for the next 11 to 12 hours.

5. Every two to three months, undertake five days of a fasting-mimicking diet (see main story).

6. Alcohol is allowed in small amounts, but no more than 5 units a week.

P.S. Love your comment about typographying! I wish it was intended but it's just a default font on the Shopify template I'm using :)
Amazon sheds record 99k employees after overstaffing warehouses
I tend to experience this as well. For some reason HN on the weekends has way more interesting and varied topics. The weekday crowd either comes here for more mundane topics, or marketers flood the submission queue, I can't tell which. But I love opening up HN on Saturday mornings and finding some strange retro computing topic.

A similar phenomenon also happens if you open up HN before the east coast of north america wakes up on a weekday. The topics tend to be more varied.
I presume pajero is slang because “hacer la paja” or “hacer paja” is slang for masterbate. The FCA example is “fica” in Italian? Similar to “figa” in Spanish?

As a foreigner in Spain I really enjoyed learning slang and then speaking inappropriate double entendres[1] - acting innocently as though I had made an honest mistake - entertaining whoever I was talking to.

Or honest mistakes too: I remember being laughed at for saying I was being followed around by a bunch of little penises when I meant to say little chickens.

[1] https://en.m.wiktionary.org/wiki/double_entendre “The phrase has not been used in French for centuries and would be ungrammatical in modern French”
From https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=31995535 :

> (IDK what the TLS (and FIPS) PQ Algo versioning plans are: 1.4, 2.0?)

Kyber, NTRU, {FIPS-140-3}?
Which templates do you use?
Possibly, it uses `/dev/random` or `/dev/urandom` to seed (and periodically re-seed) a userspace implementation of a FIPS validated PRNG.
Right-click to open in a new tab works.
I made this app a bunch of years ago where I sourced events starting in the next 0-3 hours nearby. Unfortunately not enough people had this problem. Still found it useful.
But you will never cross paths with a landfill right? People do continue to cross over the river again and again. Discoverability bias.
I am not sure I would start a side project in PHP, but I will disagree that the other languages have better tools or libraries. For doing your job most of the time the language is not the issue, real work in my case is mostly related to thinking at teh problem, researching and implementing solutions, PHP allows me to write solutions and when the right tool for the job is a CLI tool (like ffmpeg or ghostscript) I can use it from PHP, if a bash script can dsolve a problem I write the solution in bash and use it from PHP, and I had a problem where Python was pefect, we made the Python solution and integrated the mainPHp app with it.

A good developer will not be an extremist fanboy for a language or framework, otherwise he will reinvent stuff in his cool tech because he does not want to learn.

But I agree for someone new start with JavaScript, but if someone will pay you to work with PHP take the money, learn modern PHP, use a good IDE and you will be happy.
Why not just write embedded programs with fixed size memory allocation then if we are that okay with restricting the programs we write?
> I don't see how gaining 20% of an opponent's territory and entrenching yourself is losing

I guess it depends on two questions: (1) have they accomplished their actual goals? (2) how quickly can they replace the manpower and equipment that they have lost so far?
Excuse my ignorance, but do you mean something more than there being a rainforest cafe there?

Semi-tangential: you’ll probably enjoy this video: https://youtu.be/vA-bjpKvIw8

His mate made a similar video with a more positive tone, but this one struck me as funnier.
What this is missing is that it assumes way too little structure. You don't have to generate a self replicating set of RNA. Many RNA strands (maybe most?) will do something, so all you need is to generate a strand of RNA that will eventually produce a self replicating set of RNA which is likely much easier.
Military Surplus stores used to be fun places to shop, because you could pick up useful items like camping gear and just maybe a Navy-issue peacoat or M-65 jacket that actually fits you properly, or even random stuff like things to wear at a costume party. Plus the usual assortment of flashlights and maybe some fun additions to your tool box (hemostats are useful for some electronics repair situations, remember this was long before Amazon).

Very few stores like that today. They have been hollowed out and are now more like outlet stores that sell stuff that happens to have a camo pattern on it.
what

the river doesn't ask questions. doesn't judge you. doesn't rear it's ugly head of spatial conformity when your bike doesn't fit.

it merely politely swallows whatever you put into it, wherever you are, leaving you free to go about your day

vs the municipal trash can, where you'll be fined if it doesn't fit, and have to lug it in

way more fun to toss and dump on one last wild ride of your bike

bikes don't float hth
This data is copied and combined by hundreds of data broker companies, you can google around. Trying to remove the data is pretty futile, but our service prevents the damage that can be done by finding this information.

That's why we made the tool and made it free.
Most of what you're describing is captured by the Kelly Criterion: it tells you the "optimal" fraction of your bankroll you should bet to maximize returns given the odds and EV. For a game with positive EV and 1 in 300M odds, you should be betting a very small fraction of your overall bankroll -- well below $2 for anyone not already in the 0.01% wealth bracket. So indeed, it would be irrational (suboptimal) to participate in the lottery unless you were already very wealthy.

Even beyond the Kelly Criteria, you could also tweak your EV based on the marginal utility of a dollar -- i.e. going from $0 in savings to $10M would have a massive impact on your quality of life, whereas 10x'ing from there ($100M) would provide marginal additional benefit comparatively. Thus, (ignoring Kelly) the "quality of life EV" for a $10M jackpot with 1 in 5M odds is vastly better than a $100M jackpot with 1 in 50M odds despite having the same EV.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelly_criterion
They're quite readable IMO, in the right context (in languages other than PHP)

double piecewise(double x)
{
return x < 0 ? x*x :
x < 1 ? x :
x < 5 ? x*x-x+1 :
21.
}
Torpedo boats led to substantially-reinforced secondary batteries on capital ships and eventually mixed composition fleets. Submarines led to ASW (as a doctrine and embodied in single-purpose aerial and surface platforms). Tanks led to ATGMs and decades of penetrator and armor evolution. Guided munitions (and specifically, nuclear ones) led to radically dispersed combat and logistics deployments and the C3 necessary to support them.

All of those are very big changes.

The most likely effect of loitering munitions will be a revolution in SHORAD and an understanding that even dug-in infantry can't operate outside of an air defense bubble. Or countries with the manpower and ethical flexibility going all-in on poorly-equipped cheap numbers over exquisite platforms.
It is not that complicated, a few friends and relatives living in the Netherlands told me the 3 mai reasons:

- you want to go somewhere and you don't have your bike. You borrow one, but when you get near the destination and you don't want to risk a theft charge, you dump it in the canal, the water is removing fingerprints and DNA

- you have an old bike that does not work anymore. It is cheaper to throw it in the canal

- you find a bicycle poorly parked (or dumped) on a sidewalk or some place that is inconvenient, you throw it out of the way ... in the canal

There may be other reasons in other places, but these are in that part of the world where they live.
Ask HN: How libraries managed borrowed books before computers?
I'm always curious about how computerless system works. They are sometimes very ingenious and also give some ideas on how to optimize for an specific purpose. Although I rented many things in early 90's before pc's became common place, I never learned how the borrowing process is done.

Anyone knows how video rental stores and libraries worked before computers:
Have you heard of post traumatic growth theory? Curious to know if this idea resonates with you.

https://www.apa.org/monitor/2016/11/growth-trauma
Anxiety is definitely different from hunger. You can get anxious about it when you’re lost in mountains and know that it’s a second week without food already and chances get pretty low. But daily hunger is nowhere near nor similar to anxiety.
Simultaneity would be pointless, because the next pixel over, from any given probe, would be from (earth-) weeks later. It would pick up samples from each planetary day in between, too, but each would almost completely overlap the previous day's, stepping out until the probe has gone enough distance to be sampling a separate bit of surface. Some information might be teased out of the overlapping pixels, but they would all be from different days.

It would be bad luck to choose a Venus-analog to map.
Is is a crime to sell 0-days?
Why should anyone believe you won't pass that email, along with the address of the sender, to people with nefarious intent? Good faith would be to do a simple web search, or reflect on events in society for the past year and a half, that would give you at least some sense of the answer. No need for anyone to risk being on the incorrect side of the same mob that came for anyone who dared speak of the lab leak theory. Google, Bing, Yandex, and others are ready for your query.
That must sting.
This blog steals content from other sites, original is at https://hackernoon.com/timsort-the-fastest-sorting-algorithm....

Unfortunately I cannot downvote.

Please don't link plagiarized content. This guy also linked to his own "Big O Notation" in his page, where he says O(n) is polynomial

>>>In our shopping list example, in the worst-case of our algorithm it prints out every item in the list sequentially. Since there are n items in the list, it takes O(n) polynomial time to complete the algorithm.
Great. Now can we shutdown HolaVPN and their primary reseller Luminati/BrightData? It’s all backdoored residential proxies just like 911.re
No — the actual controls on the map don’t work for me. If it works for you then it must be something weird on my device.
Not as simple as ctrl-click.
Lets not forget the actual, literal Nazi and SS member Von Braun.

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wernher_von_Braun

> Don't say that he's hypocritical,
Say rather that he's apolitical.
"Once the rockets are up, who cares where they come down?
That's not my department, " says Wernher von Braun.

> Some have harsh words for this man of renown,
But some think our attitude
Should be one of gratitude,
Like the widows and cripples in old London town,
Who owe their large pensions to Wernher von Braun.
The Schmidt Sting Pain Index – A Pain Scale Rating of Relative Pain by Stings
We use a ton of sources. You can google data brokers and try some. But just because you find one and get them to remove the info, doesn't mean it is gone.
Canada likes to ship its oil out that way, esp to Asia.

Pipelines from Alberta to BC are a political minefield but buying real-estate and then waiting for the politics to “blow-over” is apparently a thing that happens a lot.
How should one interpret the speech in light of his suicide? [1] He didn't shoot his head which suggests that his mind wasn't a master. Still, it makes me a bit worried that his thoughts could be the structure that made him suffer.

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Foster_Wallace#Death
> He must have absurd anxiety, because if not, he would’ve slowed down and been happy with what he has ages ago.

Maybe ambition can create an anxiety if its own. Those who are at the top of their game in the corporate world, in athletics, the arts and entertainment, etc. can be subjected to hyper-competitive environments where they feel the need to continuously deliver, both extrinsically and intrinsically. Maybe they didn’t “have anxiety” prior to it, but they had the personality to thrive within the same sort of uncertain stressful situations.
It gets worse when you throw "controllers" in there, which will generate many MIDI events per second to model the twisting of a knob or movement of a slider.
The CSS variables actually provide that exact functionality, in a sense. They allow you to adjust the colour scheme, font sizes, layout (margins, padding) without having to grep all of the stylesheets.

I stumbled across Tabler a few months ago and have integrated it into one of my projects. I love how easy it has been to throw a site together for a client with minimal time spent on writing stylesheets, or modifying your more generic "admin dashboard" templates that used to be the norm. I do, however, completely agree with your comment regarding <div> soup.
> You can write PHP with generics via docblocks

In other words: PHP almost has generics.

If you lock yourself to an editor that makes a MacBook Pro 2020 seem weak.

These were added to Java 5 in 2004. You don't have to use a specific editor.

> Outside of generics, what else are you missing right now in PHP's type system?

Besides generics on functions, generics on data structures, i.e. be able to define a data structure that specifically fits a parameterised type of thing into its fields.

Type inference -- you need strong typing before this is possible, and PHP's duct-tape typing isn't enough (yet).

Algebraic sum types. Rust proved that you can have these without going full functional.

Pattern matching. PHP is trying to get there [2], but C#'s "value types" [3] just have better semantics for getting there in a decade.

PHP doesn't just suck because it misses stuff.

The things that it does include are made strangely bad.

Traits (type classes) -- I don't mean "PHP traits", but traits as understood in Scala or Rust, or type classes in Haskell. They're more like interfaces. PHP traits are like C#'s extension methods. Reasons why those are not so good that also apply to PHP: It's not obvious where they're defined, extending 3rd party libraries breaks encapsulation, can't be mocked. PHP programmers will pure-heartedly explore their options and make worse code by applying PHP traits in any context other when you utmost have to. Which is pretty often.

> Is PHP fast enough?

No.

Performance is something you gradually realise you need.

Just because most people don't need PHP to be a performant language, does not make PHP a performant language. You're just lowering the bar. If you make real software with PHP, because, you know, it has really grown as a language, then you'll experience performance problems sooner rather than if you'd picked a compiled, optimizing language.

[1]: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/312184/disadvantages-of-...

[2]: https://wiki.php.net/rfc/pattern-matching

[3]: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/language-refe...
Well, that's just, like, your opinion man.

~ The Big Lebowsky
The vDSO page is mapped without write though, just r and x.
I'm a functional guy myself, so I think OO is a downgrade from plain ol' procedural code. Regardless, the procedural soup model gets applied because it's the end result of too many hands touching any given codebase. Elegant abstractions take time to grok, and are opinionated. If you start a project with a UML diagram, I'm going to be disgusted. If I start a project by defining the whole thing as a left fold over an infinite stream, someone else is going to be appalled. Abstractions have a target audience, and that rarely aligns with corporate hiring practices.

If you're working on a given project for a long time, you'll appreciate the abstractions. If you just want to monkeypatch in a quick fix/feature because your boss told you to, you find where it fits, you hammer it into place, and call it a day.

Rinse repeat for a few years, and all corporate code becomes procedural.