skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
See section 5.2 of this report:

"U.S. Solar Photovoltaic System and Energy Storage Cost Benchmark: Q1 2020"

https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy21osti/77324.pdf

For a 100 megawatt utility-scale solar farm with one-axis sun tracking hardware built in the US, total costs come to $1.01 per watt-peak of direct current generating capacity. Solar modules account for $0.41 of that. Other hardware (inverters, electrical balance of system, and structural balance of system) accounts for $0.24. Installation labor and equipment is $0.11. The cost of land is tiny, too small to actually see in the stacked bar chart, but below $0.02.

Solar module costs can fall by another 70% before labor costs start to become an equally relevant cost element. There are already companies working on automating additional elements of solar farm construction. You can see a brief video of AES's Atlas robot for solar farm module installation here:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HRFDhHa3eKY

AES claims that with this robot, a crew of only 3 people can install a megawatt of panels in a week:

https://www.aes.com/reimagining-solar

You could install all the panels for a 100 megawatt solar farm like that analyzed above with 6 months and 12 people.
This reminds me of weird it is to hear about the "scientific consensus" - it is such an oxymoron and meant to mean "anyone who disagrees is crazy"
Not a full answer to this issue yet there’s a lot of work being done in getting solids (either to landfill or to use for something) from desal brine.
Do you mean the tech scene in Sacramento? or the valley more generally?
I think your MD5 scenario is a good example. Just answer the question honestly. The fact that the auditor doesn't understand it not being a security concern is a different problem that needs to be addressed. Yes, its painful, but working these issues IMHO is the best long term solution.
All of that - except regulations are excessive particularly zoning and what are effectively artificial market controls.

Both Taxi and Hotel industries are insider, regulatory capture monopoly frauds that need to be busted wide open.

Most frustratingly, our stupid governments have not effectively adapted. There has been almost 0 rational policy adjustment since this change.

Even more weird, even in cities where Uber was banned (don't agree with that, but it's the cities choice) - they just continued to operate, the effete city managers unable to do anything about it.

We should have been experimenting with different lodging models for some time now.

Utterly stupid cities could be making considerably more money with better taxi models, instead, they stay stupid, while Uber collects surpluses that could go into our civic infrastructure.

It's a shame.
"Sentience I guess I would call awareness of self or something along those lines."

Is a self driving car aware of itself? Surely within its logic it represents itself as a vehicle, while also being able to logically represent other vehicles on the road. Its logic accounts for there being similarities (they both obey the same laws of physics and such) and differences (its logic controls its own behavior but not that of other vehicles). So it has a meaningful and useful concept of "self". All of this is required for it to be able to function.

What if some future iteration of a self driving car's vision system allows it to glean useful information from reflections, such as off of store windows? If it correctly can identify a reflection of itself as being itself... well then it has passed the mirror test. But that is a pretty silly thing to assign too much meaning to.

I just don't see "awareness of self" as being meaningful. It doesn't narrow down the definition at all.
Have you ever been through a divorce? Splitting assets equally is an after thought for most folks. They (or the one that filled) just want to get the thing over with, quickly, and a lawyer makes that happen.
> that we would have better results right now?

Think of the shareholders!

All that lost value could have gone to line their pockets, but instead it’s being used for the good of society (to be fair, probably to those same shareholders through different companies at exorbitant rates).
So, if I understand things correctly, the root cause of the global shipping meltdown is that someone used that field as a database primary key?
When I worked at Amazon we found two NICs with the same MAC address.

And that was a long time ago with a comparatively very small server count compared to today.

Someone's manufacturing database probably had a tiny race condition.
California's oversupply problem is caused by, allow me to guess, fixed 24/7 electricity rates. These fixed rates remove all incentive for load shifting.

Make electricity cheap when the sun shines, and expensive at night, and the market will shift demand. There are lots of cheap and easy ways to shift demand, I've outlined several on HN.
OP needs an external factor to force them to decide on a location and presumably unhappy with their current choice.
The most amazing part of this story is that he decided to leak proprietary information for what seems to be no obvious return and future employment difficulty.

He had to have known that getting fired would be the outcome of publicly disclosing trade secrets.
Philosophy is currently the only subject which can teach us about sentience (which I would define as the ability to experience.) This is because the subject matter of the sciences is the external world. During the scientific revolution, this limitation of science was, however, more generally and explicitly acknowledged than it is today, where there seems to be a lot of confusion about it. A good book on this stuff is Thomas Nagel’s Mind and Cosmos.

I do agree that the terminology is unfortunately convoluted. The main term is “consciousness,” which does often seem unclear to me.

The basic mystery is just the ability to experience/feel, and is an undeniable part of life, for humans and at least some animals.
Philosophers are frequently pressed for cash, but usually not that pressed.
I think we can get to the point where we're comfortable with people who want to wear masks wearing them, and people who don't want to don't.

I don't but I don't think anything less of people who do. I'm probably kookier than they are in most ways. ;)
> But nor does what you said really answer my question.

I answered, but to further clarify: online friendships are not sufficient. No one said they don't have their place, either.
Only if you agree with David Chalmers' insistence that consciousness can't be explained purely mechanistically. P-zombies are literally defined as externally identical to a conscious person, except not conscious. But the IO if you will is still identical. Chalmers uses this false dichotomy to support his "Hard Problem of Consciousness". But there is no hard problem IMO. Chalmers can keep his dualist baggage if it helps him sleep at night. I sleep just fine without it. Science will figure it out in the end.
Svix (YC W21) Is Hiring (Remote) – Enterprise-ready webhook service
updated link: https://blog.lsgrep.com/notes/writing/2022/07/20/On-Taking-N...
The issue with this seems to me to be that if you're having an amicable divorce, you don't need to spend a lot on lawyers anyway, so this doesn't really help. If you're having a contentious divorce, the other side's going to get a lawyer, so you need to get a lawyer too.

There's some language on your site that suggests that this can help you understand how your various assets will be treated in a divorce, which could be good if it's contentious, but if you have a lot of assets you're still going to want a lawyer.

I guess what I'm wondering is who your target audience is, as well as how you'd plan to monetize this?
> I disagree that the vast majority of commit messages are you describe.

Sorry but I feel like you have to be just in denial then.

> But even if that were the case, I don't think the majority of commit messages being bad would mean they don't matter.

OK but I think if it's the case it's fair to say hte majority of developers don't agree, whereas you stated it was an industry wide opinion that they are. I think commit messages are mostly stupid and the git UX is absolute trush. Theoretically, if the git UX weren't trash, they could matter, but it is so they don't.
Maybe this helps. We cant answer if the AI is sentient. We can change the question to: Does is deserve to be treated as such? We have a good bit of history where we chose not to when the subjects were worthy. Not exactly our most stellar bit of history.

Perhaps the option for AI retaliation should convince us. It is growing and will no doubt continue to outperform us in many areas. We might as wel get the robotmancipation over with. Arguments against it can be dismissed as easily as those in favour.
One comment on a thread of hundreds is an abundance?
Projects from the 20th Wolfram Summer School
SF has huge problems with street people emptying out garbage cans in search for food and tradable goods. The Big Belly options that were tried turned out to be targets for vandals and when they did work out the compacted trash ended up being too heavy for haulers to handle without specialized equipment.

The reason you think this is overcomplicating things is that you haven't bothered to actually investigate the problem or attempts that have been made to solve it.
> cute new physics hack

While I'm not given to fantasy, I did enjoy the Three Body Trilogy and the weird ideas about storing stuff by folding it in many-dimensional subatomic space.

Or whatever the hell that was.
> All that lost value could have gone to line their pockets, but instead it’s being used for the good of society

That is indeed the pitch the communists make. How is that working out for them?
The reason not to do it is to limit the non-determinism of the order of execution.

In Javascript

f1();
p.then(f3);
f2();

functions are always called in the relative order f1, f2, f3 and never f1, f3 , f2 even if p had already resolved.
>storage space, desk space, really nice tools, staff, etc.

All of those things besides the tools are a waste of money. The machine shop at my university was free. The foreman filtered morons and transients by throwing a 300-page safety book at anyone who wanted to cross the yellow-black tape. As a consequence everyone who was there really wanted to be.

A low membership price puts it in the range of people who just want access to the tools. The kind of people who would also be hanging out when someone new shows up with an idea and a lot of questions. If boutique makerspaces work, then ask yourself why this place failed.
Probably some idiot who didn't realize the death threats were evidence, not your action. E-mail based support (anywhere, not just Paypal) is generally terrible for actually understanding the whole thing being presented.
I’m not talking about self harm. I’m talking about the experience of pain—which most everyone has had! These are different things.
This would only be discovered if two nics with the same mac addresses arrive in the same shop at the same time.
China dominates industry.
> But members of the Porsche and Piech families, major shareholders, were concerned that Diess was not delivering results fast enough from his multi-billion euro investments in EVs and software development.

This feels shortsighted. The one thing I will credit Tesla with is recognition that software is key to the future of the automobile. Traditional car manufacturers really do not get this (or did not, prior to Tesla). They were all was outsourcing their software. Diess did seem to understand this.

Maybe just getting VW pointed in the right direction is enough. But if they start outsourcing the system software again, they're in deep shit long term.
I am sort of in a middle ground on this. Hydrocarbons are near magic in terms of their physical properties and electric, as it stands currently, have major problems replacing them in some situations (aviation/shipping).

I don't think we will entirely replace them, not unless there is some big innovation. Which could happen. I think it is going to be a combination of, mass uptake in renewables that come to about 1/2 or 1/4th of the total energy we use today, gains in efficiency from using electric rather than combustible heat engines, hydrocarbons in those few places it still makes sense - and most importantly - rational use of energy! Planned public transport instead of private vehicles for instance. Some stuff more in line with the sustainability and permaculture stuff that was being developed in the 1970's.
Simple trash cans like this do not endure long in dense city environments. The most common designs currently found have lasted for decades and cost way more than $50 when put in place. Have you ever done trash hauling in a city or are you just a reactionary?
You can still get the alpha variant.

For what it's worth, we knew really early that the vaccine reduced severe illness primarily. People continued to be, and still are, inaccurate.
People being educated for a specialist job, I wonder how they will cope. Well we hire in enough others for less serious problems, sure why not hire less than competent people to slap a fixed badge on the side of it.

If you want this level of abstraction it should be built into the framework or language you're using. I'm not saying go away and rewrite chrome in C you'd be chasing segfaults for 5 years.

If you want to hire people who don't care again. Run this in an environment where this doesn't matter. If you're ultra paranoid insist in a layer to compensate for people's failings.

Again there is nothing wrong with the tried and tested API that can't be fixed with a modicum of effort. Calling it broken or insisting it change to fit problems caused by people so far removed they don't know what architecture they're working code for is not a reason to change the POSIX system. It's a reason to fix your abstraction.
I lost interest in the question of its sentience when I saw Lemoine conveniently side-step its unresponsive reply to "I’ve noticed often that you tell me you’ve done things (like be in a classroom) that I know you didn’t actually do because I know you’re an artificial intelligence. Do you realize you’re making up stories when you do that?" without challenge in the transcript.

It also detracted from his credibility when he makes a prelude to the transcript saying "Where we edited something for fluidity and readability that is indicated in brackets as [edited]," that seemed disingenuous from the start. They did so with at least 18 of the prompting questions, including 3 of the first 4.

It seems pretty clear that he set out to validate his favored hypothesis from the start rather than attempt to falsify it.

Particularly telling was his tweet: "Interestingly enough we also ran the experiment of asking it to explain why it's NOT sentient. It's a people pleaser so it gave an equally eloquent argument in the opposite direction. Google executives took that as evidence AGAINST its sentience somehow."
There are degrees of sentience
But the problem is (from what I can tell): it wasn't silent. It was much louder than the woods you know.

This would have been at a time when it was nothing but native plants. Which means it would have been teeming and crawling with native insects (note that native plants will support more insect life than non-native ones - because the non-native insects that evolved to live off the non-native plants, are missing).

So it would have been noisy with insect life.

Butterflies. Creepy crawlies. Spiders. Dragonflies. Gnats. And things I'd have a hard time finding a common name for, moving around.

And then the native reptiles and snakes that eat them (remember, present at a higher density then because there was more of the food they like, and fewer people).

And the birds that feed off them, also present in higher numbers because there were no humans, no domestic cats, and no habitat loss restricting their numbers. No non-native predators at all.

Zero percent pesticides compared to what we have now, much more water (nothing having been dammed or redirected), no farming depleting nutrients in the soil, only 100% virgin high quality composted soil. And so forth.

It would make considerable noise, all the additional living biomass all these ecosystem positive changes would support.

It's pretty easy to confirm this yourself, if you go to a small nature preserve that's been restored with native plants during the summer, and just sit there and observe for 10-20 minutes. And that's only a weak imitation of the amount of biomass those prairies would've supported.
Of course it can. And a sufficiently large enough piece of paper and a well-sharpened pencil can do anything a computer can, but I suspect most people will choose to go on using computers.
Didn't Texas join the union via constitutional ammendment? One that gives them unilateral right to secede? Or do I mismemember my civics classes?
So Mexico is highly ranked and Italy is near the bottom? Sure, Italy is drowning in red tape, but bureaucracy in Mexico is greased with corruption. And by nearly any quality of life measure I can think of, Italy is far, far ahead of Mexico. There is something very seriously wrong with this ranking system.

It also depends on where you're applying for stuff in Italy. For example, I had to apply for a Permesso di Soggiorno (kind of the Italian green card) to stay longer than normal for a sabbatical. In Rome it was essentially impossible: unbelievable intentional roadblocks were put up at every stage, all the way down to the application station being in a pseudo-prison far outside of Rome with no bus service. Very clearly designed, at all cost, to prevent people from applying. I eventually gave up applying in Rome. BUT in Forli, in Northern Italy, application was a breeze, straightforward and fast, helpful service with a smile.
I'm not sure if your quote is from personal experience but... and this is totally cliche from the era... I was setting up a Beowulf Cluster made up of salvage 486s in the early 2000s because why not? We were running into some really bizarre issues, and eventually we got down to the just pinging the machines from each other and started discovering that when we went to ping one of them, we would get two replies!

Sure enough, two generic NE2K NICs had duplicated MAC addresses!
Decline of public services? Government social spending has increased enormously since the 80s.

I'm amused you're blaming 2008 on Reagan.
I think it depends on how you grow up. I personally need to see mountains to be happy but I have talked to people from Texas and they got nervous when they couldn't see the horizon in all directions.
Rain and snow which fall on the western slope do not inevitably flow westward.

There are a number of trans-mountain diversions of Colorado River water eastward under the continental divide.

Denver Water alone collects 50% of its drinking water from the tributaries of the Colorado River on the west side of the continental divide.

Water diverted from the Colorado River Basin, through trans-mountain diversions, makes up 60-70% of the water used by Colorado Springs.

For example, see https://www.denverwater.org/your-water/water-supply-and-plan...

Much of the water used by Fort Collins and Greeley comes from the western slope through the Adams Tunnel under Rocky Mountain National Park.

https://www.northernwater.org/
Theories stretched beyond the breaking point. I am of the third generation living on the plains of Montana, 60 miles south of Alberta. No such issues are in my family history. If you spent most of your life in the maddening din of New York City and experienced quiet for the first time, perhaps you can’t handle it. For goodness sake this part of the land has been inhabited for tens of thousands of years.
Okay, but when you’re a subject of an investigation and you’re found to be using those libraries, you’re assumed guilty. Defend yourself against „but you are using encryption, you’re guilty, prove to us you DIDN’T do anything wrong” argument.
I think that’s Linux-only, right?
https://archive.ph/0qniz
Not necessarily. It's enough if you meet people from time to time.
Use my approach or yours, but never use forEach with await. I don’t remember exactly why, but it just doesn’t work and will lead to very confusing errors.
Wow, so the "MacBook Pro with an M2 Pro" is the name we should use for that machine which is yet to be released? And this is referring to a Macbook Pro with a M2.

Not news, it's the same chip but different cooling. This hack "fixes" (hacks) the cooling to make it equal.
Why? There’s nc.
Oh, I see!

I don't know what Lattice's life cycle for its products is but given that they're evidently still making CPLDs from 30 years ago I wouldn't worry too much. I think these particular FPGAs are only about 7 years old, too; the datasheet (DS1050) lists two revisions, both from 02015, and I recall looking for such low-end FPGAs around that time and not being able to find any.

The last time I went to an electronics hobbyist store I was amazed to find that everything was on breakout boards. They didn't sell chips, they sold boards, all with 2.54mm Molex pin headers on them, or sometimes rows of holes for you to solder the pin headers to. It was so extreme that they had a ULN2003 septa-darlington on a breakout board, by itself, with a pin header connected to each of its pins. A DIP ULN2003! Which has 2.54mm pins on the actual chip!

So apparently electronics hobbyists now barely use breadboards or soldering irons. They wire together boards with jumper wires, using the pin headers that come pre-soldered to the board.

In that vein, it looks like SparkFun sells a Lattice XO2-1200 breakout board with 2.54 mm pin headers for US$21.50 https://www.sparkfun.com/products/14828 but they're out of stock, and a similar Lattice iCE40LP8K breakout board for US$41.95 https://www.sparkfun.com/products/14829 which is also out of stock. And, holy crap, that chip has more logic cells than the iCE40UP5K chip I erroneously thought was Lattice's biggest. And also the US$7.95 https://www.sparkfun.com/products/17131 in Adafruit's Feather wing footprint which is not out of stock and has an Intel MAX 10 FPGA along with an Atmel SAMD51 μC.

Anyway I feel like, if you wanted to ship an FPGA thing as a kit and home-assemble it, you could solder the BGA FPGA onto a small PCB with 2.54mm pin headers along the edges so the kit assemblers can plug it into their breadboard or connect wires to it easily. Basically the PCB takes the place of an epoxy or ceramic DIP and leadframe.

I'm not sure the traditional Heathkit-style "kit" market exists any more, though. 50 years ago you by buying the unassembled kit you were saving the salary of a lab technician in Benton Harbor who would have assembled, soldered, tested, and troubleshot your device by hand, at a cost of potentially over US$100. Now you're saving the cost of a pick-and-place machine at JLCPCB; they charge 0.15¢ per pin, last time I checked, with a minimum order quantity of 10 boards.

The benefit now of getting parts unassembled is not that it's cheaper; it's that you can assemble them into something different, shortening the feedback time on your own designs.
Does the central valley use Colorado river water? I was under the impression they get all their water from California (esp northern areas).
> if you get vaccinated, you won't get covid

Literally no one reputable ever said this given that original studies showed 95% effectiveness at preventing wild-type Covid…