skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
I'm keeping an eye on Vale [0] but will continue to use Rust for hobby projects because the community/tooling that has built around it has made it much easier over a few years than when I first gave it a try in 2018 and especially as support for development on Windows grew. I went from absolutely struggling to get so much as a win32 GUI window to open [1] to writing a basic counting app [2] for a game I play to completely rewriting that app to not suck [3] (even though the code is still awful).

Zig looks nice to read and understand. However at my skill level (more or less a skript kiddie) I don't trust myself to not cause major memory-related bugs. In fact, I can't help but wonder if it's hubris or what when extremely intelligent, college educated, programmers with more than my lifetime of experience who still manage to write programs riddled with memory safety issues and in the very next breathe say memory safety isn't an issue just write safe code. I wonder what skill/knowledge thresholds are where "I don't trust myself to not make those mistakes" turns into "I won't make those mistakes."? Honestly it reminds me of the low IQ/high IQ meme [4].

[0] https://vale.dev/

[1] https://gitlab.com/NadyaNayme/rusty-eyes

[2] https://github.com/NadyaNayme/Dorothy

[3] https://github.com/NadyaNayme/Dorothy-egui

[4] https://kimiwo.aishitei.ru/i/sZaEWnY3NvfXecLm.png
If you’re good at your job, customers who whinge about your rates aren’t the customers you want. Generally, customers who pay more are far less trouble.
I usually write a small interpreter or compiler. A minimal Forth, maybe a lisp.

I'm an embedded dev.
Rather than traits like what Rust has, the approaches I've generally seen for polymorphic behavior are explicit "interface" structs that hold a vtable, or comptime "duck-typing". I'm still rather new to Zig so there may be other approaches, but this is what I have seen so far.

One positive side effect is that there is only one "language" to learn as opposed to two different syntaxes like Rust does. While most people only use a very constrained part of the Rust type system, at the end of the day it is Turing Complete[1] (or possibly close to it? I don't know enough theory to know the rigor of what constitutes Turing completeness) and trying to keep all of it in mind can be taxing.[2]

[1]: https://sdleffler.github.io/RustTypeSystemTuringComplete/

[2]: https://hirrolot.github.io/posts/why-static-languages-suffer...
Your statement is incorrect. Their sales volume was flat (up 0.3%), not 25%. The rest of the sales increase was price. Also, that's from Q1 (reported in February) so a bit old. Q2 (reported in May) saw a 16.1% increase in sales, with volumes down 1.5% and price up 17.6%.
- Quantum computing via https://quantum.country/

- Cooking via YouTube (Food Wishes w/ Chef John, and Kenji Lopez Alt's channel)

- ML model architectures (AI Coffee Break, and Yannic Kilcher's channels)

- Exploring different ways of thinking about and responses to the question: What is the meaning of life? (I don't think there is one, so it's more about how we derive one for ourselves.)
Just 10 financial actors can accelerate a transition away from fossil fuels
At one point, I got sick of interviewing for tech jobs, so I searched "CEO" on job portals and found a surprising number of very well paid jobs I nearly qualified for (just need to learn to read financial statements better).

I ended up taking a tech job anyway but once I retire from this, I'll probably apply to an executive-asleep-at-the-wheel job.
Depends what the US offers in exchange?
I'm super skeptical of posts like this because they seem cherry picked, or at best, have local price increases that aren't reflected elsewhere in the country. Half of those are restaurants, who have had challenges for the past 2 years outside of inflation. Gas has its own challenges, a head of lettuce at my local grocer is $1.52 which is cheaper than that person's 2021 price. Notably not included in that post is things like pork, which has fell in half since 2 years ago, and beef has had 4 straight months of decreases. Car prices are also down too from their peak.

My point isn't that inflation doesn't exist. It's a very difficult number to compute. My point is that people on the internet aren't good at picking unbiased points to base their data on.

Data like this is good to understand how the cost of living is increasing in certain segments, but we all need to remember (I make this mistake sometimes too) that an increase in the cost of living is not inflation.
Or if you do, make sure you leave the same day and not the next day.
I'm young, healthy, and in good shape, and it's much worse than a bad flu.
Since you mentioned Bloom filters, here are ribbon filters: https://engineering.fb.com/2021/07/09/data-infrastructure/ri...

Edit: another that I enjoyed working with 'Burst Tries': https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/506309.506312
I've explained how Zig memory management is different. You've chosen to ignore that and just compare it C and C++. I've suggested you learn Zig. You've ignored that too, and just zeroed in on the fact it's "manual".

Here's a car analogy - old manual vehicles had unsynchronised transmissions where the clutch had to be depressed twice per gear change. Newer manual vehicles use steering wheel mounted paddle shifters and the clutch only needs to be depressed when stopping or starting.

You're trying to push your weird semi-automatic transmission - that a lot of people find unusable as a daily driver - by ranting about how awful double clutching is.
You know that there are more non-meat foods than just meat-substitutes, right?
Except Tyson’s net income margin is like 7-8%, so ask yourself if Tyson acted as a nonprofit going forward and sold everything at ~7% discount, would that change anything? (Personally I don’t think it would)
> Such practices used to be called “honest graft.” And let’s be clear, McKinsey’s services are very expensive. Back in August, I noted that McKinsey’s competitor, the Boston Consulting Group, charges the government $33,063.75/week for the time of a recent college grad to work as a contractor. Not to be outdone, McKinsey’s pricing is much much higher, with one McKinsey “business analyst” - someone with an undergraduate degree and no experience - lent to the government priced out at $56,707/week, or $2,948,764/year.

And not for a cheap fee either!
Yes, looks like the 80% number is from 2021. Here are more recent figures:

>The homicide rate in the City of Portland is up 207% according to a new report released this morning by Mayor Wheeler's office.

https://twitter.com/KATUNews/status/1548387567015383040
Commerical grade refers to the temperature range the component is tested to work. Amusingly it is the lowest grade where you can get industrial grade, military grade or even space grade components.

I tried to work with those lattice parts once but they were so tiny (0.3 or 0.4mm pitch bga) basically undoable by cheap Chinese hobbyist board houses.
Do we mean different things by "merge join" and "nested loop join" ? For me "merge join" is O(n) (but requires the data to be sorted by key) whereas "nested loop join" is O(n^2).
I'm from Portland. For the record, I don't think this experiment has worked. A PI friend of mine told me that this decriminalization has led to people in Oregon shipping drugs all over the country. It's anecdotal but dealers can just make it seem like they are holding drugs for themselves (which is perfectly legal) so that theory sounds right to me.

But there is a lot more here than this article lets on.

The murder rate was shattered. But that's because Portland had one of the lowest rates at 30 for almost 700k. Compare that to almost any big city. It starts getting to be a dangerous city at 30 per 100k, and Portland is still far from even being in the top 50 most dangerous cities by murder rate.

Also, the previous murder rate was set in the 80s when the population was half what it is today. When the are 180 murders per year that is when we should consider the record "shattered."

If you review the Twitter feed of the Portland police you'll see almost all the murders occur at 2 am and in a few districts like old town. Just saying, if the police spent as much time patrolling those districts as they do screeching on Twitter about how they have to shut down all other police work when a car jacker makes the news, maybe the murder rate would go down.

Also, when I looked, Portland police had very consistent public information about their police results, and it often looked like that was not the case in other places which claim to be working to reduce crime. For example, for months the Lincoln Nebraska page that reported police work was just completely down. I'm not saying the police are creating a false narrative, but they aren't fighting it, and the Portland police are really upset about those protests in Portland that were some of the biggest and most persistent in the country.

I definitely see a huge difference between now and ten years ago in a very very bad way. I never felt uncomfortable in most places in Portland before but now every neighborhood has people in horrible situations, often looking violent. It's hard to know if that's all the pandemic, or decriminalization, or the housing boom. I'm sure it's a combination of it.
I guess if you only need two more pins this would be okay, but in general, this sounds like a job for an I/O expander chip?
The inverse Ackermann function is one of the slowest-growing functions that you’re ever likely to encounter in the wild. To say that it’s “constant for all practical purposes” is 100% true but doesn’t do justice to how amazingly slow this function is to grow.

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ackermann_function
In a sense, they literally changed the company name to make this domain name work.
You might find Lex Fridman's conversation[0] with David Buss interesting.
[0]:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sndW9hzX-wA
University press release since the paper is behind Elsevier’s paywall:

https://uwaterloo.ca/news/media/just-10-financial-actors-hol...

A new report has identified the 10 financial actors with the most influence on the fossil fuel economy and outlines the decisive role they can play in helping de-carbonize our future.

Spoiler alert: SWFs and the likes of Blackrock / Vanguard / Fidelity
I wonder if many scientists publish their day-to-day in-progress work/thoughts/journal/data etc.
There have been memory-safe non-GC languages before, like Ada SPARK, but they generally disallow heap allocation altogether. If you heap allocate you get a GC. There were also some academic languages, most notably ML Kit, that offered a safe no-GC region-based memory management system that has a lot in common with Rust. Also, there are academic languages like Cyclone that have a very Rust-like memory management system, but they all use GCs in the end. Still, if you know Rust, Cyclone's ideas will be very familiar.
Just a heads-up:

"City Journal is a public policy magazine and website, published by the conservative Manhattan Institute for Policy Research"
How exactly are you defining “literate” here? In my mind it’s “one’s ability to read and comprehend written text” but you seem to imply that it’s “one’s propensity to consume literature”?
Yes, I meant unused parameters. Makes it very hard to do TDD.
Two things mainly:
- Evolutionary software architectures
- Refreshing Data Structures and Algorithms for fun
Musk Lieutenant Scrutinized in Internal Tesla Purchasing Probe
Unrelated to this discussion, but

> FAANG

I always hated that acronym, mainly because it classifies Netflix under the same umbrella as Microsoft (while I'll acknowledge that they're tech-savvy, Netflix has been (and still is) mainly a media company).
I know it’s nice to pin it on the cow/meat lobby, but apart from the people who want to sell meat, there are an awful lot of people who want to buy it.

(Off-topic: There is a similar “problem” with guns. It’s nice to claim the NRA as the evil bugbear, but the real issue is the tens of millions of people who want to buy guns.)
From Oc 2019.

Could not find what's the latest status of this case. Anyone?
Ask HN: What software design patterns do you use in your work or side projects?
I am curious, do all of you actually stick to pure patterns, adapt them to your needs or eschew them altogether for on the fly, situation based ideas.
Critical thinking, as it applies to the practice of software development.

Reading/watch list:

- Thought and Knowledge: An Introduction to Critical Thinking, by Diane F. Halpern

- Understanding Arguments: An Introduction to Informal Logic, by Walter Sinnott-Armstrong, Robert J. Fogelin

- Predictably Irrational, by Dan Ariely

- Evidence-based Software Engineering - http://knosof.co.uk/ESEUR/ESEUR.pdf

- A Philosophy of Software Design, by John Ousterhout

- https://www.coursera.org/learn/mindware

This is research for a book I'm writing on that topic.
To your point, C++ got hash structures in the standard library (unordered_map and unordered_set) in C++11 (so only about a decade ago).
In the USA that pairing in particular is so common they are called plakers.
>The New Yorker, talking about Texas restaurants that only cosmopolitan (proxy for "New Yorker") people visit.

Sure, sure. Keep the context in mind.
You're right that the vast majority of healthy people are recovering. But keeping infection levels down and continuing to mask in high transmission environments helps keep the disabled and immunocompromised safe. Also, long COVID is nothing to play with.
There's a reason mammals feed their infants milk, not oats. Milk is strictly more nutritious.

Inefficient to produce, sure. Destroying the environment, yeah. Cruel to animals, definitely. Unnecessary, yes. These should be reflected in the price, not nutritional labels.
If people were faking research suggesting a cure for MS or Crohn's, then there would be (alleged) cures to discuss, no?
I’m adding that to my book of quotes
But zig can also use a GC if you want that as an allocator. As a proof of concept, libgc bindings were made by someone for zig. Very easy to use. Zig just allows you to use whatever memory management technique you need for the problem at hand
It's in the quote you pasted.
This is probably a story to that point though: http://www.mycreative.com.my/news_events/malaysian-startup-f...

"First, whenever there were writeups about them, their linkback would wrongly be published as FashionValet.com instead of .net, leading to some confusion. After this happened too many times, and the team got tired of explaining the reasoning behind choice, they decided to acquire the .com address."

It was also around the time PG wrote that article, so maybe it was just a thing of the era.
These apply to everyone in the US, whether or not they are eligible for 'free' medical care.
Check out Euroclear.com. They exclusively handle all back end clearing and settlement on the Paris, Brussels, and Amsterdam Bourses, as well as the London Stock Exchange. They may now handle some other stock exchanges, too. They also handle the majority of backend clearing and settlement across Europe.

As of the last time I checked (several years ago), they had over 27T Euros of assets under management.

Their competitor in the US is Depositary Trust Corporation (DTC), and last I checked they had over one quadrillion dollars of assets under management.
There's some exciting work already going on in this space, in fact!

* Andrew Kelley is looking into combining escape analysis with allocators to assist in Zig's memory safety. [0] It could be quite a step forward!

* D is adding a borrow checker! [1]

* Cone is adding a borrow checker on top of user-definable allocators. [2]

* We're currently prototyping a region-based borrow checker [3] for Vale, which should get us most of the benefit of Rust's borrow checker with only a fraction of the complexity. It's opt-in, not upwardly infectious, and can stay near the "computational leaves" of one's program.

[0] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=31853964

[1] https://dlang.org/changelog/2.092.0.html#ob

[2] https://cone.jondgoodwin.com/memory.html

[3] https://verdagon.dev/blog/zero-cost-refs-regions
I have seen this general pattern in several decently large game object systems, although I can’t think of which ones off hand, if I’m recalling correctly it tend to be used in the longer lived (aka 10s of frames) object status/object existence checks, and often in AI subsystems, pathing and general decision making queries, etc.
Thirded. I think “pick a GC lang” is an eminently reasonable default stance! I use JS/TS all day every day and am on record on the main ongoing Rust podcast just a few weeks ago saying most folks shouldn’t be teaching for Rust just because. There are things which require it, though, and cases where even if it isn’t a hard requirement it makes a big difference in experience whether you have to boot a VM or not! I also think there’s a high value to really great performance even in cases which don’t demand it, but in those cases it’s really a matter of whether and how the productivity trade offs work in your specific context with your specific team.
> The primary cause of unhappiness is never the situation but thought about it.

Dude never woke up to a busted water heater
However who benefits more? Who relies more on street infrastructure for revenue? The CEO of a car company, or a random worker?
Thanks for the disinformation heads up cjcid, I was almost sucked into this one, because it fits every American's worst fears about the CCP.
Decided to try a GPT-3/DALL•E crossover experiment today
it's not that rare. a pretty common one (in my area, anyway) is someone starts merging into you from the side while someone is riding your bumper. if you slammed on the brakes, it wouldn't be "your fault", but it would be much better to just speed up and avoid the collision.
CS 436: Distributed Computer Systems
I started with MIT's course but realized a few pieces of the puzzle are missing in my model of the web, this course is better for noobs.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w8KFPWkK0bI&list=PLawkBQ15ND...
Yes, Brazil is extremely bureaucratic and almost everything is linked to the CPF (Cadastro de Pessoa Física) tax registration number. It's necessary to open a bank account, get a phone, book a flight, rent a car, etc.

As they say, Brazil is not for amateurs.
> How much, of what is exposed as the complexity of a language, could be realized in the form of sequences of optimizing compiler passes, perhaps automatic or perhaps flag-driven, such that the programmer user experience remains clean-ish yet the sophistication of generated code is on par with a language like Rust?

This is an excellent question, and one the Dylan designers wrestled with in the 90s. How could they make a high-level language with many of the best features of Lisp, while still making it possible to perform like C?

The strategy they chose was:

1. Offer powerful features with simple interfaces, even though performance was poor in some cases.

2. Provide "fast path" versions of these features that handled common cases with high efficiency.

This turned out to be something of a disaster. Compiler implementors needed to implement the slow path, plus code to detect when to use the fast path, and finally the fast path itself. This ended up being 3x the work of just writing the fast path. And to make things worse, users never really knew what constructs would cause them to hit the slow path. (And yes, this is similar to the challenges SBCL faces, but SBCL has had a lot more time to work on them.)

Rust has two major sources of complexity: (a) the ownership model makes certain common architectures much harder to write (particularly with GUIs and non-ECS games), and (b) Rust cares about references and memory layout and lots of system-level stuff like that. The latter is hard to abstract away without losing performance.

I love Rust, and I look forward to seeing a new generation of languages remix its ideas. But I don't think that pairing a default-inefficient language with a "sufficiently smart compiler" is the best way to get there.
Car analogies aren't a substitute for actually writing widely-attacked software.

There are systematic reasons why I'm skeptical Zig's approach will lead to better results than what we see in modern C++. The worst memory safety issues from a security point of view tend to be use-after-free caused by complex, untested code patterns, where one programmer wrote, or implied, "free", without realizing that somewhere else in the millions-of-lines codebase some other part of the code, written by someone else, still had a reference to the object. Unit tests don't catch these problems because they're caused by strange patterns that the programmer didn't anticipate. That is the kind of vulnerability that is difficult to solve without either a compiler or a runtime system (GC) to help you, and I see nothing in Zig that solves it. You can, and people do, make raw pointers to other objects in Zig.
Yup. IO expander chips are the real deal. Having good knowledge on them would enable you to extract a lot of value from even the tiniest of micro controllers.

Especially ones tht have an SPI or an I2C interface.
> I’ve met a lot of seasoned C++ developers who tell me the memory safety won’t be an issue in practice. Hell, I’m sure I’ve said it before too.

The claim I've heard (and I think also made) is a bit different from that. It's more like: "dealing with memory corruption issues isn't a significant portion of the debugging effort in [idiomatic] C++ code". i.e. the claim is not that you somehow won't run into them; rather, the claim is that they form a small fraction of the actual bugs you run into (either count-wise or time-wise), if you're writing C++ "properly". (If I had to make up a number, I'd say < 5%.)

This obviously isn't to say memory safety isn't an issue, or that security is a negligible property. Rather, it's to point out that most issues are of a different kind, and if you think that memory safety will decrease your workload significantly, that's unlikely to be the case if you're writing C++ with the correct idioms.

I think this response is usually in response to claims about how (say) a language like Rust results in N times faster development than C++. If that's truly the case, it's unlikely to be due to memory safety per se, but due to other factors.
Making a "career" at one of these dead-end IT consulting firms is a real danger every tech person should be aware of.

I mean, if you don't get fired, make a nice salary, and you don't care about actually doing interesting work with technology, then I suppose it's not that bad.

If you try to change jobs, especially if you decide you wanted to actually learn real tech, it's a real burden.
As others said: traffic goes down, restaurants close doors. Food prices may not be the culprit, people getting their meals from delivery and cooking at home may be the cause as well.

Having that said, I do work in market research and gather purchase data and create inflation models for a living and to be honest things look really scary from the US to UK+EU and Latin America (which is used to high inflation though).
Who knew all that free money from the last decade would do that!
I'm guessing Portugal also has a much better social safety net and universal healthcare. IIRC some part of the measure that passed here in oregon decriminalizing drugs addressed the treatment part, but I'm also recalling that treatment isn't well funded.