skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
The part of a GAN that people use to synthesize images has to be a denoising decoder. You put in 1x1px high-dimensional noise as the embedding and it'll gradually upscale and turn that noise into the 3-dimensional output image.

The part of a GAN that people use for control is based on an encoder. You put in your 3-dimensional source image and it gets converted to that 1x1px high-dimensional noise in such a way that putting the noise into the encoder will produce your image again.

So the network architecture/structure of a GAN is the exact same structure as you'd use for a denoising autoencoder. You might train that GAN with a different intent, but it's still a stack of upscalers and convolutions that perfectly matches the architecture inside the decoder part of a denoising auto-encoder.

BTW sometimes people also explicitly call this out. The VQ part in VQGAN stands for VQVAE, the "Vector-quantized Variational AutoEncoder". And VQGAN+CLIP is what the first open source DALL-E clones were based on.
Google Maps doesn’t need to solve the traveling salesman problem (shortest route between all nodes in a network). To find a route between two points on a graph is just a shortest path problem, solvable by Dijkstra's algorithm and very much in P. (They almost certainly use heuristic algorithms that are more efficient than Disjkstra’s of course, since the size of the graph of all roads is such that a V^2 algorithm is still fairly expensive to run)
Can this compete with the momentum/performance of Julia?

I'd be stoked if this became widely adopted but community size seems to be a huge determinant of success with these types of languages.
I see this point over and over again about how carbon footprint is a scam forced on citizens by companies, and it doesn't make any sense to me. Companies are made of people. If people didn't use a company's products, the company wouldn't exist. Seems like the folks making this point are just more invested in avoiding collective accountability, like they want some mythical powerful government to step in and force all the companies to solve the citizens problems for them while the citizens keep consuming whatever they want. It just seems totally backwards to me.
> those companies fired a bunch of people during lockdown

Oh you mean when the government essentially shut down their businesses?
There are a few things which are hard to replicate:

- The data. Apart from contracts with exchanges, the large amount of development work to speak all the different protocols (and the tech to then distribute that data with lowish latency), and importing data from numerous other sources, there is also the army of people they employ to read through lots of nominally public data and enter into the system (things like details of every bond issuance, lots of company financials, etc). And don’t forget their own newswire as well as the subscriptions to other outlets you get. Another issue is with the contracts for third-party data they provide: there are likely conditions on how Bloomberg may distribute this data and Bloomberg likely do a lot of work to follow/enforce them (eg restricting the ways data may be extracted, per-head subscription charges, etc)

- Network effects. In particular their IM is used to trade a lot of things OTC. A new competitor would not offer customers access to that liquidity. There are also Bloomberg run platforms which let you request quotes and trade straight from your terminal. (Having to pay $24k/yr ‘just’ for Bloomberg chat is one of the big complaints about the price of the terminal as often the chat is the main service people want)

- People are used to the janky UI and likely won’t appreciate having to learn a different one.

One more thing is that the sticker price may not be what people are paying: they may pay a lot more for live market data, and they may get various negotiated discounts too.

Perhaps another question to ask is why this post doesn’t even mention the main competitor, EIKON, which is cheaper (a lot cheaper for some use-cases) and yet not massively more popular. Maybe it isn’t sufficiently cheap for the marginal price difference to be worth it.
We've been working on abduction at our institute for a while. My take on it is that there is no abduction as a logical inference. Although he portrayed it as a third type of inference in some of his writings, C.S. Peirce thought the same, he emphasized many times that abduction is indeed an art and ultimately a psychological phenomenon.

The problem with abduction is that it doesn't have a justificatory value on a par with those of deduction and induction. Deduction forms the basis of mathematics and is basic enough to be intuitively acceptable when you learn logic. In turn, induction is mostly justified deductively. Finite discrete probability theory is purely deductive. Under the assumption that a process is stochastic (e.g. that a die is fair when it is thrown), probabilities follow deductively. Probability theory for infinite and uncountable domains are straightforward generalizations. There are only few leaps of faith when doing inductive inference, (1) when you transfer conclusions from a smaller to a larger population, (2) apply the law of large numbers, or (3) make reasonable guesses about an underlying probability distribution.

There is no such justification for abduction. Even just hypothesis generation, the narrow sense of "abduction", is way more complicated than induction and deduction. Theory selection, the broader aspect of "abduction" that has been labeled "inference to the best explanation" since Harman's horrible 1965 paper, is even more complicated. Both IBE and abduction require and involve deductive and inductive reasoning, but there is no indication that they can be fully justified deductively and inductively. The best you may get is an account that describes some form of theory discovery as a logical or probabilistic description of a supposed cognitive mechanism, and then the discovered theory might be proved deductively or confirmed inductively.

Defenders of abduction have claimed that we select hypotheses not just on the basis of their likelihood but also based on other properties like theory virtues ("loveliness" in Lipton's terms). That might be true but doesn't concern the justificatory value of the inference. In the end, the only hypotheses we're interested in (and should be interested in, from an epistemic point of view) are the ones that are most likely to be true. Hence, theory virtues, loveliness, plausibility, etc., all just have a justificatory value insofar as they increase the subjective probability that a hypothesis is true, and in that respect they are really just heuristics.

Some Bayesian takes on abduction and IBE get this right and I have nothing against them. I just wanted to mention that many, if not the majority of philosophers of science do not consider abduction a third type of inference and fairly skeptical about it, for the above reasons and a few more.
Why TikTok and not YouTube, though?
good, screw them for "accidentally" violating GDPR and screwing with my data.
Finnish Customs sells off €46.5m in seized cryptocurrency
Same event triggered both?

Researcher got bitten and there was no ICD-10 code, so it was submitted for inclusion, and the researcher managed to write their experience up and publish in the meantime?
I don’t, but the early blogging definitely could skew our perception. Nowadays I’d take everything with a grain of salt, including his blog. I believe I tried to use FogBugz back then but iirc the price was absolutely prohibitive at that moment.
> mostly in prime working and childbearing age

You have seen that in stats or just assume? Because civilian causalities in WWII outnumber military ones. Old people, kids and sick people are extremely vulnerable during wars and die a lot.

Especially in WWII. First, obviously holocaust - most victims were from Eastern Europe and old, sick, kids had even lower chance to survive then physically strong people (not that it was high there, but). Second, German army was cleansing Eastern Europe for German settlement. That meant whole villages routinely burned out to ground. Third, famines and such, cause military extracts resources from people.
ummm?? government is slow then what is Apple? with its bs expensive cable that is like a decade behind with its USB2 speed? its 2022 every other phone has fast transfer rate
Youtube is controlled by the US, so is a support for continued Western supremacy
I once purchased a Pascal compiler for the Atari ST.

Can't recall its name, but it was written in Assembler, ran very fast (much faster than e.g. ST Pascal) and did everything in RAM, and thus felt a bit like TurboPascal.

Accidentally, I discovered a certain key combination activated a microscopic
BASIC interpreter that was integrated (undocumented); I wrote to the developers
to learn that I was the first to find it.
Csound has a lot of readymade oscillators, filters, and reverbs but most of them sound pretty mediocre, because they're made by academics, not professional plugin developers.

There is a world of difference between a simple four pole filter and a really good juicy Moog filter emulation. Csound has the former, but it only has poor attempts at the latter.

The original point of Csound was to have unlimited anything connected in unlimited ways. But you need a code front end to generate the Csound code to handle any kind of non-trivial complexity, and that's a huge project in its own right.

So Putting Csound into VSTs makes no sense at all. You may as well just write raw C++ and package it using JUCE. The code will be faster and more efficient and just as cross-platform. And if you want to use readymade C++ libraries for basic building blocks they're not hard to find.
> but it is also true that law enforcement, as a whole, tends to provide better service to higher earners than anyone else.

Very true. They get the worse of both sides.
Social Media for Developers
Oh I see.

No ECT is most certainly the most efficacious treatment for depression we have.

Talking therapies have a respone rate in depression of circa 40% [0], probably just slightly higher for antidepressants up to about 50% and faster [1], ECT respone rate is well over than even for those with treatment resistance but as high as 90% [2]. Vitally, the reposnse to ECT is fast and is often under 10 days.

The fact that ECT is burdensome, limited in availability and stigmatizing (which is why it's got so much legislative structure around it) is not relevant for it's efficacy.

This is spelled out relatively well in the UK's Royal College of Psychiatry statement on ECT [3]

> ECT IS A FIRST-LINE TREATMENT FOR PATIENTS ... where a rapid definitive response for the emergency treatment of depression is needed

This is because it works quickly and reliably to treat depression.

[0] https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/acps.13335

[1] https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/070674371005500...

[2] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3650296/

[3] https://www.rcpsych.ac.uk/docs/default-source/about-us/who-w...
Couldn't this also be solved with a freezer on the island (+ shipping larger quantities of these drugs regularly via whatever process usually brings parcels onto the islands).

I am not complaining about a drone highway, sounds great. It also sounds like quite an oversized hammer for that specific problem though.
> Forcing Apple to allow other voice assistants will only strengthen Google and Amazons dominance in the voice assistant ecosystem.

I don't even know what to say to this. Backwards thinking? Apple employee speaking? I seriously wonder why you would use this argument.
> It identifies who has teams and who doesn't.

Which is not fingerprinting.

> Headline says "fingerprinting"

Which is obvious clickbait.

Learn the terms.
> suing a former landlord in NYC — a lecturer at Columbia Law school no less!

Your leverage is in embarrassing them. Counsel should be able to advise you of ways to do this.
i switched to android after all these same issues, their software is not what it used to be
I don't know if the chart helps, but

#define CTRL(x) ((x) ^ 0100)
// e.g. 'C' ^ 0100 is 3
// e.g. '@' ^ 0100 is 0
// e.g. 'M' ^ 0100 is 13 a.k.a. \r a.k.a. enter

I like this explanation better. It also explains what notation like ^C means. It's shorthand for 0100^C.
Is there a comprehensive list of all the disgraceful censorship and model-neutering restrictions they put on DALL-E? It's sad to see that openai is so absolutely terrified of their models producing upsetting content and the bad press that would ensue, when they could just show everyone the finger and say: "It's just pretty pictures. Made up pictures. They aren't real and can't hurt you, so stop crying."

e.g. One is unable to create faces of real people in the public eye.
Small nitpick, as it's not self-hosted but runs on their servers and bandwidth, the incremental cost is not zero. But I do think that just a single org with 10k people would probably not register as a lot.
Aren't those two different problems?

I was under the impression that Travelling Salesman was about efficiently visiting multiple points in any order, where as navigation directions are ordered point-to-point, even if you add multiple waypoints.

As such Travelling Salesman would be much, much more complex.

I'm probably way out on current best solutions[1] but you could do one with Djikstra's Algorithm or A* but the other would require something probabilistic like Simulated Annealing.

1. Sorry, I'm almost certain that these are not optimal algorithms but I'm just using them as illustration for "small" graphs. I'd be very happy to be enlightened on what's more current.
Rise Sleep
It's hard to qualify the statement nationally, but I could provide just one example of his statement being correct.

Chesa Boudin was the District Attorney for San Francisco, until his recall recently. He ran on a platform of reducing charge rates for many types of crimes. Under his watch, charge rates for DUI, hit-and-run, burglary, theft, weapons related crimes, and assault have decreased; sometimes significantly. Here are some quotes from Boudin:

“We will not prosecute cases involving quality-of-life crimes."

“[we will] shift our focus to . . . addressing root causes of crime.”

“Jails do nothing to treat the root cause of crime,”

“The challenge going forward,” said Boudin in 2019, “is how do we close a jail?”

George Soros has a very clear political ideology. He has not been shy about his desire to elect left leaning Democrat candidates with similar views across the U.S. In just this instance, Soros publicly supported Boudin's candidacy; donating more than $1 million: https://www.pleasantonweekly.com/news/2022/05/29/soros-backe...

For the record, I find the "I stubbed my toe, thanks Soros" meme a little trite too. But it's no conspiracy that Soros has been supporting leaders like Boudin across the nation. That's not a conspiracy. It's public record. And it's not conspiracy that Boudin and many other leaders have run on platforms of being softer on crime. Especially "victimless" and "quality of life" crimes, in addition to their support of movements like "defund the police." Their records are public and they show consistent decline in charge rates. Whether one supports this action or not, those are the facts.
I started thinking I could subscribe to a stream of "person who knows what they are talking about taking apart nonsense on Twitter" but then I realised, I'm probably just one step up the foodchain from the people getting nuggets of contrarian science from Twitter.

To be a real info-hipster I should immediately jump to the person doing even longer form takedowns of the long form takedowns of the Twitter hot takes to get my dopamine hit of feeling smarter than others.
I thought the comment was a pretty straightforward projection of events based on the current direction of American politics, especially the conservative trend of violent and dehumanizing rhetoric, and simply extrapolating based on historical precedent. Given other comments and a few upvotes, I'm not alone in that assessment.

Checking your comment and post history it's quite obvious why you've taken exception to it. But you're a long-time HNer, maybe you're reasonable. Could you talk to your fellow conservatives and ask them to stop threatening the lives of their fellow Americans? People have been killed this year already by real nutjobs who were inspired by it. Just a thought.

https://www.nytimes.com/2021/11/12/us/politics/republican-vi...
If we want to see what a insurrection look like, let take a look at the 2016 Turkish coup d'état attempt. There were tanks taking control of airports, people abducted by military splinter groups, buildings bombed by military helicopters, town squared occupied by military troops, TV stations taken, and attacks on government positions occurred in multiple cities. Multiple generals was involved.

We can also observe the reaction (overreaction) that turkey had to the coup, and how the world perceived those actions.

Now compare that to what ever secret conspiracy that led to a bunch of useful idiots making a clumsy farce. How realistic is it that those events will be the start of an US civil war?
>Higher interest rates will adjust future return calculations that is brilliant from the article!

I think discounted future cashflow is unfit for purpose as a valuation metric in an inflationary environment. It is based on the assumption that interest rates and future cash flows are independent variables. They are not.

There's no dispute that the present value of a given amount of future cashflow is lower when interest rates are higher. This part is correct. It's simple arithmetic.

However, when interest rates rise because inflation rises, it means that future cash flows rise as well, because future cash flows are linked to future revenues, and future revenues, by definition, grow with inflation.
I think the point missing is that food that get wasted could not arrive where it is needed before getting rot. Letting aside the expenses to do that. The problem is not that we waste food, as it would not solve starvation, the problem is that in those places where people has no food, there is no production.
Like slaves were ready to take away the freedom to own slaves from slave-owners.

In today's world it is not a real choice to avoid BigCorp platforms if you want to work and communicate with the rest of society, so society should have a right to at least set some boundaries, otherwise we are allowing BigCorps to set the boundaries for society instead.

What I like most about these new rules is that they are specifically limited to big companies, so smaller companies are not hit by too-hard-to-comply-with-for-smaller-companies regulation, but customers are protected from BigCorp overreach.
Too lazy to figure out, since python's print is already buffered, is there anything we can do to beef up the python print() throughput?
That's a fair explanation if the brightness thing, although I'm not particularly demanding of my devices. Unless my thigh was unreasonably warm, overheating would probably have to be a background service gone rogue. That one has only happened a few times though.

As for service, this is not unique to a single device. Many if the issues are seen on a newer model from a friend within a few weeks of purchase. For that to still be hardware or related to my iOS install, shipped product quality would have to be quite a lottery...
What kind of data are you looking for? Static analysis and Apple-signed binaries tied to developer profiles prevent the vast majority of abuses.

For example, it’s possible to modify the Mach-O link loader on a compiled app like DoorDash to use a fake Apple Pay API that steals credit card numbers. But it’s very difficult to get that scammy app installed on an unsuspecting victim’s device. And it’s impossible to upload to the App Store. Third party App Store? No problem.
> Criminologists have offered several explanations for the increase, including the rise in gun sales early in the pandemic, changes in police behavior following the protests over the murder of George Floyd, and the social disruptions caused by closures of schools and interruptions in social services. But many people who work in criminal justice are zeroing in on another possible factor—the extended shutdown of so much of the court system, the institution at the heart of public order.

Why is there not a single mention of capitalist causes in the entire article?

- Rents (and real estate purchase prices) have gone through the roof over the last decades

- Cost of living (stuff like electricity, gas, gasoline, internet, groceries, basic food) has gone up as well and all but exploded during the last few months following the Ukraine invasion

- meanwhile, for an awful lot of people on the lower rungs of society, wages haven't been going up. Minimum wages have been stuck for years, and the "great resignation" may be a good meme and a desperately needed improvement for millions of people, but still many many more millions of people are stuck in exploitative shit jobs

- in parts of the country that have been left to rot by uncaring politicians, people are turning to drugs to self-medicate the sheer stress that living on the streets or without meaningful perspective in life brings with it

When people are forced to turn to crime, particularly small scale crime such as stealing food, to survive (or to fund their drug addiction), well... they will turn to crime.
No you just need regional PD
the rally call of lisps is to get a lot done with less, so it is definitely possible that it can compete in some sense. also common lisp packages such as these can cater to the programmer-first type of data scientist by allowing greater (interactive) tinkering with the underlying code
I don't think this is right. The reason VCs exit is simple, they're VCs. They exist to invest in start ups. Their job is to invest in high growth, high risk start ups, and the risk premium reflects that, they're a certain type of asset class. That's why people give them money. People don't give money to VCs to buy Walmart stock. If a VC thinks it can get a better risk adjusted return investing in Walmart then they're not a VC. Why would a limited partner want the VC parking their cash in an established business? They already have allocated their capital amongst different investments including VCs to get the mix of investments they want. So the right thing to do is as the company matures and risk drops, they exit their investment. If the company still offers good risk free returns, well then the LPs can buy the stock, or their hedge fund investments will buy the stock. But the fundamental issue is if VCs stay in companies beyond a reasonable point then they're not doing their job.
> A "zero-trust society" seems like a dangerous phrase to advocate.

Thatcher and Reagan were a long way ahead there. They trusted
institutions so little, particularly government, that they declared
society doesn't exist. We've been trying to rebuild "society" since the
1980s.

Sadly the restoration our very human institutions, if it can be done
at all, may only occur after all the painful lessons have been learned
from thinking we can install crypto-cybernetic overlords as our
servants.
Interestingly, Russia does the same thing at the same time: https://www.reuters.com/technology/russia-says-apple-violate... Feels as if there is some universal push to force Apple to do these things.
Safari is today's IE no one wants that crap anymore.
You can't believe how jolting people and/or companies make them change for the better. Maybe this is the kick we needed for the companies to start innovating and "Think Different"?

I use MacBooks and iPhone, and I love their current form, but they are victim of their own success at one point, like how Intel just dragged its feet to just keep the performance gap enough to keep the lead. Maybe this can help us to see a better, more exciting Apple and tech ecosystem, no?

The last battery lawsuit brought us "Battery health" menu, and this is immensely useful, even if it only reads a couple flags and shows us what the iOS is doing.