>- Large parts of the Uranium are coming from Russia

Not immutable. There are other sources that are much friendlier

>- Nuclear power is not competitive and nuclear power is very expensive (especially if you conside the costs the government will be left holding the bag on, becuase nuclear power plant companies will spin off their power plants to new companies to go bankrupt once the profiting is done and the cleaning up the nuclear remains starts), no matter how much the pro-nuclear people want to lie about it

I doubt this hyperbolic assertion. Prove it.

>- Nuclear power is statistically not dangerous compared to fossil fuels, but not compared to renewables.

Again, prove it. This is unsupported, and in fact from what I've seen, false. So provide some evidence.

>- The world's uranium supply is running out. Already since the late 1980s, uranium mines have been unable to meet the world's annual demand. The nuclear industry has so far filled the fuel gap with material from military and civilian stockpiles.

This is again, an unsourced claim. In fact, a quick google shows: "There is not now, nor has there even been a shortage of uranium. Fear about reliability of the supply of uranium has been used in the past as an excuse to get something else done." Source: https://www.forbes.com/sites/llewellynking/2020/06/08/uraniu...

>- Nuclear waste is a problem no country except Finnland is anywhere near solving. Germany has been trying to find a permanent nuclear waste storage location since 1999 and have not come closer to finding one since then, because every time the current favorites are revealed the "not in my backyard" screeching starts and local politicials force a restart of the search.

I agree this is a problem, but it isn't one that is unsolvable. It's a cultural issue, not a physical one.

>- Many of the world's nuclear power plants are old, because hardly any new ones have been built in ages, because ...
>- The construction of nuclear power plants is unbelievably expensive and takes decades, and much of the know-how on how to build nuclear power plants has been lost in europe over the past decades because so few are being built, which drives up the costs even further.

This isn't inherent, it can change, especially with political need.

>- We still have 7 years of CO2 budget in Germany, so why do some politicians talk about building new ones, although they would only be finished in 20 years at the earliest (and we in DE can't even get the berlin airport built in anything close to the deadline, how long does a nuclear power plant take then ?)

CO2 budgets are now irrelevant currently. China and Russia do not give a shit about CO2 emissions; their energy and GDP are heavily dependent on them. Globalization was the only mechanism that allowed the world to enforce these two countries to behave with emissions, and with the ongoing breakdown of the globalized system, there's no reason they'll reduce emissions. Why cripple Germany's economy to meet a target that the world's largest emitters aren't willing to get anywhere close to?

>- Budgets for nuclear power plants take budget away from renewables

Possible, but renewables have their own downsides, which are well articulated everywhere.

>- We have to change from a centralised to a decentralised grid, nuclear power is a step in the wrong direction

Why?

>- Nuclear power plants make us dependent on dictators

How? How does solar not do the same, in the case of China? 80% of the world's solar panels are made in China, in fact, that rely heavily on the consumption of Coal to produce. Source: https://foreignpolicy.com/2021/07/14/us-chinese-solar-panels...

>- Climate change has an impact on reactor operations. With global warming, extreme weather events are on the rise. Unlike renewables, however, nuclear power plants are not adaptable. Rather, their danger increases in our changing climatic conditions.

This makes sense, but I'd suggest that it's probably possible to take this into reactor design.

>- Our neighbour france has heavily invested in nuclear power and is is a complete shtshow.

Source on this, I don't know much about it. I've heard only good things about France's nuclear program.