skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
The tough problem in the plutonium economy is not extracting plutonium from spent fuel but fabricating that plutonium into fuel.

The "gold standard" today is to pulverize plutonium oxide together with uranium oxide in a high energy ball mill which produces homogeneous fuel that won't come apart. That makes nanoparticles of plutonium which you could potentially inhale and have lodge deep in your lungs. Experiments in dogs show a single particle can develop a cancerous tumor.

Handling the fuel pellets is a high touch operation (you gotta pick up the pellets with gloves and load them in the fuel rod) and there's a lot of controversy about safety. France has workers at COGEMA wear a respirator all the time, the U.S. doesn't accept that as safe working conditions. Both the U.S. and U.K. failed to import mixed oxide technology from France.

Russia was looking at a different method of fuel processing they called "vibropacking" but for

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BN-800_reactor

they adopted something like the French process.

Some advance in remote handling that keeps workers away from the dust would be welcome.
Helping a weaker party defend against a bully is not fueling a conflict. Are you an elementary teacher by any chance?
> This deep field, taken by Webb’s Near-Infrared Camera (NIRCam), is a composite made from images at different wavelengths, totaling 12.5 hours – achieving depths at infrared wavelengths beyond the Hubble Space Telescope’s deepest fields, which took weeks.

12.5 hours total exposure for the JWST image, "weeks" for the HST image
To chip in, I agree the author has a great eye. Other articles just mash the information together, but I found this to be very appealing.
I use my email inbox as my cms.

Emails (can) have attachments, a subject line, delivery time stamp, and formatted text as content which means that for many use cases, an email is an effective CMS.

E.g., blog posts and static pages like /about or /faqs can easily be done using emails…just needs a bit of creativity.
Yes but I was using straw and if the temperature is too high it cooks the straw and then it’s useless. I guess it’s a crap shoot hoping there wasn't anaerobic conditions to grow botulism in the straw bale. For all other spores, the mycelium grows fast enough to make sure nothing else can gain a foothold.
Until it’s not. Nobody has proven any of these schemes to be secure against quantum attack. Post-quantum (today) just means that nobody has proven that the problem is equivalent to a problem that quantum computing can solve efficiently. This article is about LWE being proven breakable. Others will follow. The security of these schemes rests mostly upon the lack of researchers that understand them and quantum computing well enough to approach an equivalence class proof. Example: elliptic curve isogenies.
I like this.

My 'bad' mental model is: In the beginning there was an infinite amount of space and somewhere within that space the Big Bang happened. The universe is all the matter and energy produced by the Big Bang and that universe is expanding at a maximum speed of C through the infinite amount of space.

But you are saying, I think, that before the Big Bang there was no space. The Big Bang produced all the matter, energy, and space itself. And space is expanding, NOT just the matter and energy expanding through the infinite pre-existing space that I imagined.

I still have a very hard time imagining 'no space' before the Big Bang and the concept of space being something besides 'nothing'. Because if space is expanding it must be something more than nothing.
Management, yes. Customers, no. Customers should have no expectation that they can reach into another company and manage teams and individuals like they're employees. Management should step in and make the line clear. Not just because it's counter-productive, but because it's exactly the sort of thing that upsets talented senior staff who rightly believe they deserve more respect than to be told how to do their job by someone that knows nothing about them.
The euro zone and the US are neck and neck actually overall [0, 1] and if you measure it relative their gdp which you should, the eurozone is actually at 61% of gdp whereas the US is at 35% [2]. Japan is the real money printer though at a whopping 130% of gdp!

[0]: https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/ECBASSETSW

[1]: https://www.federalreserve.gov/monetarypolicy/bst_recenttren...

[2]: https://blocnotesdeleco.banque-france.fr/en/blog-entry/under...
I think it was around 20 days for the Hubble and around 12 hours for the JWT
Yes, I always thought this was meant a bit tongue-in-cheek as a tautology: the sins (and wonders) of man stem from the compulsion to exercise ones agency.
Maybe. Game that came to mind is Chrono Trigger, released in '95. Took two years to make.

Can't think of any modern game - made in that short a time - that is bigger content wise (unless we're just summing up all the pixels).
I can find claims that people were eating 14 pounds a day. That seems implausible. They'd have been really fat on nearly 5000 Calories per day.
Build for today's needs but have a notional roadmap for how to scale your architecture as the company grows. The author is mostly correct that K8 is complete overkill for most early/mid stage companies and startups, however extensibility is a key architectural concern and one that cannot afford to ignored at the outset. If you need to re-write large amounts of code from scratch every time your business scales up that's a good sign that you aren't thinking far enough ahead. For instance here are some straight-forward things you can probably do today that require little additional effort but will make a migration to k8 much less painful down the road (should you ever get there): 1) Use domain driven design to properly abstract your code 2) Make services and auth stateless where-ever possible/practical 3) Containerize your codebase and leverage a container registry as part of your CI/CD process

BLUF always have both a current state architecture as well as a future state architecture in mind and a plan for how to gradually evolve from one to the other over time.
The French extract plutonium and uranium from spent fuel and recycle it in their existing LWR reactors. The resulting fission products are trapped in glass with this technology

https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc785510/

the fission products are less radioactive than the original uranium in 500-1000 years.
Things I wish I knew about AWS WAF – Bot Control
Satiety index is per calorie. Needing a large volume per day indicates it’s low calorie per volume, which would support that claim.
This, so much!

I hang out on /r/freelance and it's all too common that new freelancers are frustrated because they thought that now they'd just be free to "practice their craft" but they have no interest in all the other minutiae that's required.

OP: the best advice I can offer is to ask yourself if you want to run a business. Because that's what it is. Not programming, not coding, not design (although you will do those things). You have to realize that you are running a small business and it would be best if you understand that right out the gate and it's something that you will enjoy.
Interesting. I've been a lizard man during low phases of my life

Does the Lizardman Constant occur in, say, reddit or HN comments?
Gosh this is such a heartbreaking and yet fascinating story. The BBC version is has more detail including some possible immigration jeopardy for Sir Mo due to getting citizenship under an assumed name:

https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-62123886

In the documentary, barrister Alan Briddock tells Sir Mo his nationality was technically "obtained by fraud or misrepresentations".

Legally, the government can remove a person's British nationality if their citizenship was obtained through fraud.

However, Mr Briddock explains the risk of this in Sir Mo's case is low.

In a case like this there should not be any possible repercussions, Sir Mo is the victim here and the law should be solidly on his side and not have to rely on the kindness of some civil servant choosing not to remove his citizenship.

EDIT: The Home Office says "“No action whatsoever will be taken against Sir Mo and to suggest otherwise is wrong,” a spokesperson said."
I always assume lack of will.
bit OT but I'm curious what a college that ONLY selects extracurricular leaders would look like. This is coming from a software job where career advancement depends on being the lead in projects. IME people are mostly chill and happy to do the "grunt" work, but what if EVERYBODY wanted to be "team lead"?
Thank you for making me actually read it. Many years of thought definitely went into this.
I did a fairly deep dive into this (and actually got accepted into a programme at one of the Designated Organisations but haven't gone through with it yet).

It does seem that many (most?) of the accelerator/incubators are pay-to-play. Some are more upfront about this than others. Techstars Toronto would be a notable exception obviously.

I suspect there's a little bit of this pay-to-play at work in some of the angels and funds also who are Designated Organisations, but I can't say that for certain.

The other thing I've gleaned is that the process currently takes a LONG time - like 1 year plus.

There's a couple forums you can search for that active ongoing discussions from applicants.
Note these guys have an address on "K Street" in Washington, DC. which is ground zero for the lobbying industry. Because they need it.
Cheap labor that isn't allowed to vote. We see this all over Europe. I wonder what gives.
> Potatoes are more filling per calorie than broccoli? Spinach?

Way, way, way more filling. Regular vegetables have basically no fill value at all. Just a fancy form of water & vitamins. Potatoes are quite good at filling.
Balanced dice algorithm for Catan games
Pressure to join and indoctrination
If you're building a house or something 12 hours a day, you're going to burn that much.
Dunno, haha. It's running on my M1 MacBook Air and I haven't noticed a single affect on battery life. I literally have it open all the time, in addition to probably about a hundred Chrome tabs, and the battery life is still insane.
Ah yes, the ol’ warm-body count.
It wouldn’t, because then there wouldn’t be anyone who it would suck for.
First up - don't take the harsh tone of some commenters to heart. It can be difficult for people to put themselves in your shoes!

As a 44 year old single male with very average looks who beat (smashed the sh!t out of) stage 4 bowel cancer about 4 years ago, I can somewhat identify with what you are going through. Perhaps the main difference between you and I is that I f^%$ing love life.

Some thoughts / ideas that you may find helpful:

- How much alcohol do you drink? If the answer is anywhere near "a lot", stop that right now. I decided to do Dry July in support of the Australian Cancer Council, and it's remarkable the thoughts and emotions you are forced to deal with when you can't drown them with booze. After 12 days, the mental clarity and energy I have is simply amazing.

- Try to stop focusing on money. You do not need to earn $500k per year to be happy, let alone find someone else that does, too! I could be doing government contracts and earning similar amounts (also, I quit my job at Microsoft in Redmond about 5 years ago), but instead I choose to work a 4 day week for a funded "startup" where the work is so much more creative and meaningful. I really look forward to going to work now!

- Related to above, start (or focus more) on personal projects that stimulate your creative, intellectual mind. Rediscover the joy of learning.

- Your children are a blessing even if they are hard work sometimes - try to rediscover the joy there (disclaimer: I do not have kids of my own but really enjoy spending time with friend's children of all ages).

- Exercise. This is really important! Find an activity that you enjoy - it doesn't have to be hitting the gym, just something that raises your heart rate - and do it several times a week. Not only will this make you more attractive to women, it will stimulate your body into producing more of the hormones that make you happier. You never know, you might just meet your wife at said activity.

If you can find contentment in yourself again, finding a wife becomes secondary to simply enjoying life.

Finally - if you struggle with the internal mental and emotional side of things (it seems clear that you do?), you need to fix this. Psychotherapy is not just for crazy people! I do not condone the use of illicit substances, but the fastest and easiest way to rewire your brain is through psychedelics such as psilocybin and LSD. If you are in doubt, I highly recommend watching "Fantastic Fungi" on Netflix. It will blow your mind!

HTH!
I found Anna Karenina effortless, and I don't usually enjoy fiction. Perhaps it's just not the right book for you.
Where'd you get the 3 from? I thought it'd be 24 or 32, since that's how many bits you'd need to represent the color.
They sort of put themselves on the map for college rankings since 1983 but I would hardly say it’s a fair ranking system. For example, they love to tie multiple schools together: 2x 2nd place, 2x 6th place, 4x 9th places, 3x 14th places, 2x 17th places, and so forth.

Here’s a classic case where if you do something long enough, people will trust you.
That seems… counter intuitive. I would say something has a high satiety index if something small can fill you up.
I read the count of "observed" galaxies is 170 billion, i.e. extrapolating the deep field count. Certain assumptions about faint and redshifted galaxies increases that number to about trillion.

Early galaxies may not look as regular and spirally as recent galaxies. JWST will see more detail in the early universe to better quantify this.
I don't know if you deserve a prize or a ban from HN for using that title.
What comes to mind is that (A) there's value to ultra-simple single-food diets when it comes to adherence and (B) potatoes are something people are actually willing to eat compared to other veg, especially as their only option.
Apple Car project reportedly still running into roadblocks
You sound like me. I can't do a morning fast. It kinda sucks, as you notice, because it screws around with your ability to have a social dinner. But if I don't have breakfast, I'm not someone to be around before lunch.
I'm standing on floor heating at this very moment (off, of course). It uses district heating / hot water, which could be heated by any kind of energy source, including nuclear.
A Smarter TV Mount with Arduino
> “It’s the thing that wakes me up in the middle of the night: ‘Oh my gosh, what happens if we run out of computers?’” he said. “Well, it is what it is. It’s just going to run until it doesn’t run anymore.”

Couldn't he just virtualize? There is USB-Floppy devices, these days, to get even the last bit of compatibility right.
How will the White House fit such a large image on a cue card?
Very heavy pressure to join and indoctrination. The pressure tactics were very coercive. Essentially thought reform via a high control group/environment. Eventually people would think they made the choice to join themselves and had come to their own conclusions but in fact it was essentially are manipulation.
Fair point, it's something I'm aware of and it's a bit intentional to counterbalance the "normalization bias" already done in other rankings, if that's what you meant by "account for differences".

To put another way, to count in a way such that a CVPR best paper is worth 28-fold a CHI best paper is also quite suspect. There's a rabbit hole you can go down to find the best conference to submit to where the submission-to-best-papers is low, to optimize for this.

PS: note that there's an upper bound to best paper awards, which is "< 1% of submitted papers".
My car broke down in Delta, Utah in Jan 2020. I was helped by beryllium miners who worked the mines in the area [1]. Beryllium does not expand or contract when heated or cooled, making it ideal for the frame of the James Webb telescope. Coincidentally, I broke down inside a cosmic ray telescope array named with the same last name as mine: The Lon and Mary Watson Cosmic Ray Center [2]

The people in that area are probably celebrating right now, just not with alcohol because they are mostly Mormon. If any of you are on Hacker News reading this, thank you!

[1] https://www.upr.org/utah-news/2022-03-25/beryllium-is-a-crit...

[2] https://www.space.com/36975-telescope-array-site-tour-photo-...
3 bytes. 24 bit.
We’re allowed to talk about things not in the article, especially if they are relevant.
> The only missing piece is moving overflow values onto and off of the stack.

Already addressed and not really that hard of an issue to solve. Hardware already has all the logic embedded in it to be able to load or store memory into/from registers.

The logic would mirror the logic done by compilers when they are allocating registers and deciding what needs to be evicted to the stack.

The only missing piece is where that memory should be, but that's really as simple as having either the OS or the application logic allocate a special memory region for the purpose of register evictions and loads.
The best part of this was getting to the tab I had opened long ago and wondering, "how did I get to this page?" and then realizing (after reading it) that I was rick-rolled by HN.
The problem with that quote is that if you don't learn to get good grades (e.g., because you are actually learning and not studying for the test), then the resulting bad grades can be extremely damaging to your future.
Not really the 'same' (but good enough (better in fact) for me): Sway comes in under 40MB of RSS.
Isn't allowed by whom exactly? Simply allow immigrants to vote. Have no work permits, thus working as cheap labor? Give them permits.

It's appalling how people pretend that they don't have anything against immigrants but they are against illegal immigrants as if the paperwork for legal work is a natural phenomenon and they can't do anything about it.
Throwaway for obvious reasons…

Having been to prison, folks like Ross (easy target, or, a “sweet lick” as the streets would say…) can and will be targeted for protection and extortion. As far as how folks get things out of him, might well be in the form of commissary or via his family to another inmate account or via his family to an external third party.

There is a deep, twisted hustle economy the likes of which a little casual reading will not educate you on. Consider a great example: fake prostitution listings online, operated by contraband cell phone. Demand payment by hard-to-reverse means, demand upfront payment. Then let them fume as they can’t call the police for an “I got ripped off soliciting sex.”
https://www.dw.com/en/study-confirms-that-stasi-infiltrated-...
And reprocessing is not economical, and requires us to build more reactors that can use the fuel, and creates additional steps where major disasters can happen.

Nuclear power is inherently too risky for its benefits. It creates too many opportunities for human error to cause irreversible damage.

When a solar farm gets hit by an earthquake it might stop working. When a wind farm gets hit by the storm of the century it might fall over. Nuclear reactors present existential threat and we have no need for it.
In a related, but much more personal note: it turns out that we are breathing, on average, one molecule of Ceasar's last breath [1]. And Jesus, Buddah, and a lot of other people.

[1] https://www.irishtimes.com/news/science-asserts-we-are-all-p...

(I know, it's probably mostly BS -- I'd bet most of the last breath has been absorbed into the ocean, or plants, or whatever. But, over my lifespan, I've probably sucked down atoms of Jesuse's breath during his lifespan. With that, who needs holy relics.)
SQL databases were a dumb misstep, it's always baffled me how they ever caught on. In 10 or 20 years we'll look back on them the same way we look on C++/Java-style OO today.
Oooo I'm going to do this! Saves time in the AM.

EDIT: Wait... uncooked!?
That's really interesting- I hadn't seen that project (or Groonga) before.

Looks like it might be similar to https://zombodb.com/ which I haven't tried yet but which looks like a really interesting solution in this space.
The Disappearing Universe (2014)
I agree that immigrants are a good thing. Especially illegal immigrants if they have no way to benefit from tax benefits but are forced to pay into it. It means they're basically forced to be a net benefit. The key is to make sure any benefits offered to immigrants are not a net drain on society. Usually this is the case, particularly if you just deny illegal immigrants any service while forcing them to pay taxes, but one has to be careful that systems aren't set up that allow exploitation of citizens.
Even so, you don’t need to guess the reasons for acceptance on aggregate data - you can check if the SAT scores were higher. At least that would tell you for certain.
Is the actual comparison HST image being used here from the hubble deep field?

EDIT: Doesn't look like it is -- it is from a more recent 2019-published study of SMACS J0723.3-732 as part of the Reionization Lensing Cluster Survey (RELICS).

Some background info in this paper:

https://arxiv.org/pdf/2207.05007.pdf

Although that paper does mention that this image is the deepest image of the Universe to date, and that the Fine Guidance Sensor image may be the second deepest, both exceeding the Hubble Deep Field image.
reminder that epa rates a gallon as having 33.7 kWh. you'd need 876 kWh battery to have comparative net energy storage to the 26 gallon pickup compared against. even if we make allowances & say 1/3rd of that power is simply lost to inefficienct of combustion (gross), that's still 292 kWh of power.

i keep thinking absolute figures inform & if any thing illuminate what wonderful efficiency we do get from electric vehicles.
I'm going to guess the first is Webb due to the mirror pattern (but that's cheating and your larger point stands).
I assure you as the parent of a toddler, young children attempt to find the line of commonality between walking and flying often.
I remember a joke that is something like this.
The local pastor is talking to young poor child Timmy asking about his life.
P: So Timmy what do you have for breakfast?
T: Potatoes.
P: How about Lunch?
T: Potatoes.
The Pastor is getting concerned and asks how about dinner?
T: Potatoes as well.
P: So all you have to eat is potatoes?
T: Oh no Pastor:
P: Oh, that is good, what else do you have.
T: Well I've also got my spoon.
I haven't heard of Andrei Rublev being cut. Which part was cut?
Maybe the forms should be made too complex to be filled with a calculator, to encourage doing things the right way…
Haven't heard the water wheel in the ocean analogy, and I love it! Thank you!

There's a very simple mathematical identity: MV=PQ

M is money supply, V is velocity, P is price level, and Q is all goods and services.

So if the economy produces the same amount of stuff (Q is constant) and if V falls in the inverse ratio as the increase in M, then the price level will not change.
When they're unwilling to define a feature clearly and then are unhappy with the implementation the team comes up with and insist that it be corrected, but are still unwilling to define the feature.
Welp, there’s a sure fire way to bring me to tears.