skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
There's a more general principle I've been arriving at regarding epistemic systems, which is that quality should be exogenously determined.

One basic principle is the "I cut, you choose" heuristic for fairly allocating some resource (e.g., cake). The agent who determines the portioning is not the agent determining the allocation.

This appears in the context of central bank management policies in the case of the US Federal Reserve whose dual mandate is to address concerns over inflation and unemployment. The Fed regulates these, but does not measure them --- both are instead calculated by the US Department of Labour, through the Bureau of Labour Statistics. The Fed acts, Labour judges.

In biological contexts, we can refer to external or internal selective pressures. The latter are often called "mating preferences", and are the explanation often given for (biologically) expensive, but generally non-functional adaptiations such as antlers on deer, elk, and moose, or the peacock's tail. These are generally seen as signalling mechanisms demonstrating indirectly fitness criteria.

Market-based feedback mechanisms for epistemic systems seem to me to be dangerously endogenous, in the sense that the recipient of the information is also engaged in judging that information. We have the term "shooting the messenger" as a description of this.

Robert Anton Wilson expressed what's come to be called Celine's Second Law: "Accurate communication is possible only in a non-punishing situation."

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celine%27s_laws

That is a necessary but insufficient criterion. My extension would be that accurate communication is possible only when the ONLY reward criterion is accuracy of the information.

That is, popularity, entertainment, commercial viability, ideologcial conformance, convenience, conformity with tradition or institutions, are all bias-inducing reward mechanisms. Most of these can be found expressed in various informational biases or discredited bases for truth. Virtually all of them have the characteristic of being positive feedback loops, that is, information satisfying the biased reward system strengthens that reward system. Generally until it doesn't.

News that comforts or feeds narratives should be immediately suspect. Truth is generally inconvenient.

How to apply these principles to human epistemic systems remains something of a challenge. Though I'd argue strongly that the market is a distortionary mechanism.
> They view it as a punishment for promiscuous sex, and a reward for people trying to have children.

Why don't you try to steel-man the opposing view? E.g. (a) children are a blessing; and (b) the desire to be free of the natural and predictable consequences of sex does not justify destroying a human life, especially given (a).

This formulation explains the opposition to abortion, and is internally consistent.

> More realistically, they view it as a blessing for the father, who gets the valuable possession of a child, without any of the pain or risk to life and limb of bearing a pregnancy to term.

If you aren't aware that religious conservatives (like nearly everyone else) view children and motherhood as a blessing for women, I don't know what to tell you. Maybe spend some time in Africa or Asia and you might realize that it's not just something the GOP made up to piss off Democrats.
Probably also an example of a rule that should be retired. Either that or they should remove clearance if you enjoy whisky.
The "i" icon in the bottom left has that info:

So, here is a D3.js network graph that represents all of the wonderful reads I've ever found on the internet. The larger nodes are the tags, while the smaller ones are the links to the article.
It has become so valuable, more valuable than the rest of the auto industry combined at one point despite much lower revenue and sales numbers, because of loose monetary policy by the Federal Reserve creating artificially inflated asset prices. The Federal Reserve is directly responsible for Musk’s disproportionate wealth as Tesla stock zoomed past ridiculous levels.

Tesla has been successful in many of its lines of business and succeeded when many thought they couldn’t, that is undebatable. The failure of our system is that its stock price is completely out of line with the reality that reflects that success.
10 Years of Great Books
> However, due to the scientific barriers of the Cold War, this knowledge was not translated and did not proliferate across the world.

I would hazard a guess that the reasons are other than translation. Keen scientists learn enough of foreign languages to read papers in their area of interest - reading scientific language in a speciality area is much easier than learning a language generally (I personally know scientists that have self-taught themselves for Russian, German, French, etcetera).

“Many researchers agree that the development of phage therapy has stalled because of ‘concerns over intellectual property protection’ and ‘lack of a predefined regulatory pathway’ (Kingwell, 2015)” https://academic.oup.com/phe/article/13/1/82/5741402?login=f...

> across the world.

Is that an American centric worldview? It makes little sense. Maybe the USA and allies, but there is a lot more to the world than that, and phages haven’t been used. The reasons for that are very unlikely to be due to what appears to be a simplistic world view.
The 1920 play that literally introduced the word "robot", Karel Čapek's "R.U.R.", featured fully autonomous AI robots.
As someone with a passing interest in music production, this is such a cool comment. I love this place.
Vital is an amazing free virtual synth. It rivals the pay ones at this point and makes it on most of my tracks (though Arturia Pigments is my favorite VST).
One of my favourite artifacts is my Star Wars original soundtrack on 8-track ("20th Century Tapes (P) 1977 20th century Records" TW8-2-541). It's just a fun bit to have on the shelf. Picked it up at a garage sale.
Putin is rumored to be the richest person in the world, but of course you’ll never see him listed on Forbes because he hides it.

https://fortune.com/2022/03/02/vladimir-putin-net-worth-2022...
PyPI is not demanding that OS devs publish their code on their platform.
>> rc cola .. blah blah

Genuine question. Did rc-cola make claim that it is same/close as real cola ? Seem more like taste issue than durian-2-durian compare.

Itching to buy a system76 64gb laptop and let go of mbp (good), and the idiotic lenevo and thinkpad (32gb duds.)

disclaimer — I work mostly console.
> the most straightforward interpretation of that claim is that there is no None/Some(None) distinction, and this is straightforwardly not true.

That’s not the most straightforward interpretation, since it would invalidate the original criticism that I responded to (that Go more-or-less uniquely requires you to check inner/outer nil).

> For some reason, most languages do not encourage the users to create types that are similar to Option<Option<T>>.

Lots of languages “encourage” references to reference types (including Rust), but many of the ML family including Rust have non-nilable references. Go’s error (and that of many others including Python, Java, C, JS, etc) isn’t that it supports/encourages references to references, but rather that all references are nilable.
Everyone worked around FM patents by creating "new" synthesis processes that were in effect FM.
I think it would be ideal if the increase in responsibility was accompanied by some actual reward, so the “congratulations” would be more genuine. I don’t know what kind of reward would make sense - money makes sense, but who’s money? Maybe you get a voice in the development and direction of the language and ecosystem? That would also constitute more responsibility but it might feel less burdensome and give you a seat at the table for the next such decision.
> 2FA attempts to assert "the person who is publishing the package to the registry is someone that the registry expects"

This is not what 2FA asserts in the context of PyPI. It’s used solely for logins to the web frontend, which is where users can manage their projects and the permissions associated with those projects. The idea is to make account takeover more difficult, since that’s (frequently) the first step in malicious package takeover. Assuming that you’re using API tokens to publish to PyPI (which you absolutely should be), having 2FA enabled on your account will not affect any ordinary publishing workflows.

We have separate plans to improve PyPI’s support for code signing.
> What if the court orders Musk to close the deal and he says no?

I can't believe people are taking this very silly statement seriously. This is utter nonsense. There are remedies for people who disobey court orders. Having assets makes you more vulnerable to a court's authority because you have something to lose.

If a court orders specific performance and he doesn't do it then he's liable and the court will take his assets to compensate.

Is Levine seriously suggesting that US courts don't have the authority to impose financial penalties, find liability, and seize assets? This is such an absurd thing to say it's hard to find a way to charitably respond.
Yeah, not only is it featured in a few scenes, it's mentioned by name. One of the key characters needs to listen to it on her Walkman in an endless loop to protect herself from a psychic monster. The finale prominently featured Master of Puppets by Metallica which is apparently starting to climb the charts now as well.
Probably https://www.biogaia.com/product/biogaia-gastrus/ ?
I don't think the onus is on any one of us to come up with fixes to a problem this large. The government employs hundreds of incredibly smart people whose job it is to fix these types of issues. I, and I think most other people as well, would even be fine with small corrections here and there that tested what worked.

A fundamental problem, that we are all burdened to solve, is how do we get from an ideological government to a scientific one. Until we do that, we're all just plugging holes in a sinking ship.
If a cop stood idly by and watched another cop brutalize someone, I would not call that person a good cop. Fire them. I'd fire a doctor who sat by and did nothing while a patient go into cardiac arrest. I'd fire a fireman who sat by and watched a house burn down without attempting to put it out.

I'm fine with firing the lot of them. I'd honestly rather see mass firing than pension raids because when it comes down to it, we need those people to stop being cops.

Hopefully that would increase recruiting and give people with better values into the system. Right now it feels like policing is family generational business.
Getting your computer hacked is a contagious disease. From there, attackers can infest other machines and run social engineering attacks against your friends. Maintainers of popular open source projects are super-spreaders. They can infect a huge number of other people.

2FA is a vaccine that mitigates or prevents spread of this disease. It is unconscionably selfish to refuse to harden your accounts just because it's a little inconvenient to you.
You seem to be thinking of some ideal "correct" state to defy.

Not to knock your personal beliefs, but Henry VIII was head of the country and the country was England so that made him the head of the church, too. There was nothing greater to defy than the king.

And she was defying him.
How’s this going to end when, eventually, everybody is on IPv6? Blocking everybody doesn’t seem like an option.
Perhaps you could elaborate because I’m not seeing how it’s a “game changer”.
So what? Too bad? No one else's problem? The reasons they want things vetted and attested was never contested. The fact it's a lot of work, is a given. And neither of those things explain why the author has to do it, necessarily. Maybe it's natural, maybe the author of a thing is generally the best positioned to attest and support their own output, but so what?

If they find the software valuable enough that it matters that it's verified and certified, and the supplier doesn't feel like doing it, they could do it themselves or arrange for others to to do it or delist the filthy uncertified package or just tag it as not certified. There are all kinds of options besides demanding a volunteer do something they didn't aldeady feel like doing voluntarily.

I don't get why everyone confuses the obligations here. Just because pypy wants something, no matter how understandable the reasons, doesn't change the fact that it's pypy who wants it, for their own reasons.

The author derives no value from it (not neccessarily, they may choose to value the credit and exposure of their work appearing in the index, but they also may not). Pypy derives value from it, and all of the users derive value from it.

The obligation for supplying that extra frosting they want on the cake lies with those who want it.
I don't know about a villain, but he definitely isn't a saviour. Was hoping he'd follow through in reforming Twitter. But it turns out, even with all his resources, he's actually pretty weak in comparison to the forces set against him.
Ask HN: Who inspires you and why?
There’s already a trust vector between the people shipping all the tiny little pieces of garbage JS, and then on to the binaries that read and handle dependency management, and packaging, and so on-things which, as has been expressed, seem to be in a rolling two-years-or-less handbasket to at least “mess”, if not “hell”.

We’re already to the point where “no one” audits the code base, tooling, or dependencies. Especially the dependencies.
These are figured that Twitter has been filing with the SEC for ages. How does it make sense if the purchase was agreed upon when all this was public information?
Sri Lankan president, PM to resign after protesters storm residences, set fire
Fun.

In case you didn't know: KEXP occasionally does breakdowns. Here they played every song sampled on Beastie Boys' Paul's Boutique. https://www.kexp.org/breakdown/paulsboutique/
Well he pays for advertising. Tesla flame throwers, Tesla whistles and so on are campaigns.
A doctor certainly knows less about what the patient is feeling than the patient themselves. It's a known phenomenon with women's health, where we have medical professionals literally gaslighting us about our own physical and mental health.
Hey Zeus.

How could Musk possibly have done this, which must have been against the advice of his Bankers?

"I'm sending men to mars, ergo, I know more about M&A than i-bankers?

This is the kind of hubris that takes people down.
I'd like to see the data on that one. I think most people here recognize that limits on individual power can increase freedom.

Such a reductive view, on any group, isn't productive.
The only bummer about synths now is that at 9 I learned a lot of networking concepts from having to adjust the MIDI setup of my keyboards/drum machines/sequencer (and then be able to get them back how my dad wanted them without him knowing I changed everything). Other than that I can't imagine if I would have had these capabilities at an early age. I mean, oh, you want a free symphony to play your music? OK. https://www.spitfireaudio.com/shop/a-z/bbc-symphony-orchestr...
https://www.spitfireaudio.com/bbc-so-discover/application/
TBH, I wouldn't trust any PDF reader that has access to the network and disk outside the file that it is immediately reading.
https://soundiiz.com

I used these guys, but who knows, there might be better options. I paid for the "premium" plan with a $5 limit Privacy card. With these types of end customer facing SaaS services I always like to err on the side of caution as then I don't have to read the fine print about recurring billing carefully and it just gets declined if they try to pull a sneaky move.

For context, I had about 40K tracks in Spotify. Importing them to Soundiiz was near instant. The process of automatically finding the equivalent tracks, artists, etc. and saving them to Tidal took about half an hour. For $3 definitely worth it. Typically I like to first try to solve an issue myself but this was one of those things where using some found-on-Github project and getting everything working just wasn't worth my time if it could be handled seamlessly by someone who already put in that work.
I love those little interruptions. Like when a guest is speaking on a topic and they bring up a name or company of the past. And that segues into another bit of SV lore.
If that was his plan, why didn't he put an out in the contract?
That might be the intention, but it creates a hurdle to using the lane AND create another racket to police people for. HOV lanes cause traffic with a "QoS" capping roadway bandwidth while creating a channel for multiple drivers.

If you want to incentivize efficient highway use, deny it to all but multiple humans over the age of 0 days (no pun intended).

And then beyond that, rip up highways and replace them with train services.
Sequoia wants to invest $1M in your idea, then teach you how to sell it
It’s rather ironic that a discussion of Elon Musk prompted you to make that assertion.
I really need to turn off parenthesis matching.
Cheers. I love when this happens on HN.

Hope these comments don’t make you go crazy. It’s always fun and frustrating to see an area you are extremely familiar with being discussed by those unfamiliar.

fun in this comment thread.
This isn’t how “material adverse event” works, which is the term that was written into the contract that Musk signed.

Normally “is the mDAU figure correct” is the kind of thing you answer before you sign the merger agreement and lock in your purchase price.

Also note that the baseline in SEC filings was 5% bots, so 6% is only 1pp higher. The claim was never that it was zero.
Not my favorite band (they're fine), but I'll say that from Paul's Boutique through Hello Nasty, they're by far the best to generate playlists from.
Yes, the BASIC v3.5 on the Plus/4 is 20KB with 127 commands/functions, while the BASIC v2.0 on the C64 is only 8KB with 77 commands/functions. The C128's BASIC v7.0 is 28KB with 167 commands/functions.
Answer: everyone and everything except the designers and art and architecture schools pushing this modernist minimalism.

But don't dare go against them. Even just giving voters a say in what tax dollars are spent on (ignoring that even private buildings scar the landscape) is "literally dictatorship" - only Architects may decide, the rest of us should meekly accept whatever they inflict on us, per The Guardian: https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/shortcuts/2020/feb/...
Why would russia waste its more advanced weapons against ukraine and its mercenaries?

Actually the ones getting a beating are the people fighting against russia, otherwise russia wouldn't be able to penetrate further in ukraine and specially the donbas

Some weapons the West sent were already sold in the black market to russia, they now able to reverse engineer them, congrats!

Communication, economy, battlefield, russia so far is winning, boris johnson had to resign!
Just updated this to v1.0.3 and it should fix any crashes! Very new to Rust
I think the majority of credit should be assigned to you.
You clearly acknowledge that your learning is multinational and thus not evidence of the exceptionalism of the specific country your discovery occurred in but evidence of YOUR (and your teams) exceptionalism which has been facilitated by many nations regardless of the ultimate location of the discovery.

Take the story of Newton and the Apple, (I know its probably not accurate historically, but bare with me a moment).
Are we concerned with if Newton was in London/Sicily/Barcelona/Paris when the proverbial apple fell? How about who owned the apple tree?
No, the observation could have been made in any location. The variable which caused the "innovation" was the observer, not his location.
It is well known, but it is not well understood, especially by those who use it as a comparison for crypto. The popular narrative is akin to a sensationalized tale which is contested by modern research on the subject. There is a misconception of the scope and effect of it, when in reality it was localized to a small number of wealthy merchants engaging in speculation on luxury goods with minimal economic damage overall as opposed to the popular narrative that it was a society wide mania which caused financial ruin for many. Basically the only thing they have in common is that they occurred in wealthy societies.
Thanks for this wonderful comment - yes it is a travesty that there is so little transparency in supplements at the expense of consumers. I am aware of LabDoor, purity tests are something I want to try to do for my readers - am located in Australia so if anyone can suggest a lab I'd appreciate it!

My short-term plan is to provide consumers with information on companies that have either failed FDA cGMP/GMP tests - . The point regarding adulteration is concerning indeed, definitely I'd say it is a need more than a like to do regarding my own independent testing...
I think it's difficult to get away from the prospect of a practical widespread use of superconductors without active cooling. Even if ohmic losses in the superconductors is not present: environmental temperatures change, especially in uncontrolled (outside, in the sun) environments. Running room temperature water adds cost and complexity, but a lot less than refrigerant (especially cryogenic).

I think mass produceable room temperature superconductors would still reshape the world, even if they still required active cooling.
Four track cassette recorders work this way as well. Made many band demo albums with one.
Anytime the idea of a wealth tax is brought up, I see commenters coming out of the woodwork to say that it would be impossible to actually collect it from the wealthy. Though I will note that it seems like we are able to collect yachts and planes from Russian oligarchs now, so perhaps our techniques have advanced in the last few months.
I would encourage everyone to take a look at the glyphosphate toxicity report done by experts on toxicology: https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/tp214.pdf

Most other summaries of glyphosphate toxicity are not by toxicity experts, are more politically influenced (today's agriculture relies on glyphosphate), and set the bar of evidence very high and otherwise assume glyphosphate is okay instead of taking a precautionary approach.
One reason this is not feasible is that K8s is not designed for secure multitenancy, so for every tenant, you'll need to spin up an entire K8s control plane, which includes a database and several services - this is what's driving the cluster fees. Keep in mind that customers also expect managed K8s to be highly available, so this cost is also going into things like replicating data, setting up load balancers, etc...

Compare this to a serverless offering that is multitenant by design, the control plane is shared making the overhead cost of an extra user is basically zero, which is why they don't charge you a fee like this.

IMO if you're a hobbyist interested in K8s, your best way to go is to install K3s, which is a lightweight, API compatible K8s alternative that runs on a single node. It's pretty nice if you don't care about fault tolerance or High Availability.

https://k3s.io/
Fwiw I work with an engineer that came from a shop that used them. Long story short: they’re not remotely cost effective, are quite limited, and existing AWS tool chains run into all sorts of hair-pulling snags.

My gut is that they are for places that need on-Prem for compliance purposes for certain parts of their stack
The apostrophe use in this post is out of control.