skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
It seems a survey could build a pretty conclusive picture, especially while case numbers are low... You'd identify places where someone interacted with a previously infected person.

You'd then send them a survey with questions like "how many hours were you in the same room as this person", "did you touch their bedding", "did you have sex", "which days, how many times, what type of sex?" etc.

Using those results together with information about whether each contact got infected or not you should be able to get a good indication of the causes of transmission. More importantly you can probably also find what does not cause transmission, allowing those to be eliminated from public health guidance.

I think the main limiting factor for such a survey will be people being dishonest on the survey. It only takes a few people to say "nah we just talked and didn't have sex" (when in fact they did, and got infected), and suddenly the survey results cause incorrect health guidance to be issued, putting others at risk.
> Why does it ever need to be proven?

> If a machine demonstrates apparent volition, sense of self, independent motives,

The latter sentence sounds like you setting a standard of proof of sentience. (FWIW I largely agree on you that independent motivation would be much better evidence of sentience than competent mimicry of human writing, and we're probably a lot further from than that we think)
Americans have been "listening" to their bodies for the past decades. Has it worked out for them?

This is terrible advice sir
Having been in that situation, with a good salary (3 times the average of the UK) and spending close to 0 in leisure, I can tell you that it’s still impossible to buy a decent house in London even if you give up on all avoidable luxuries, because you need a 160-200K£ deposit, that would require 20-30 years of savings. The average salary in London is 35K£, the average house cost 500K£ and if it doesn’t fall apart and if it’s not in the middle of nowhere, a 2-bed flat cost 600K£.

I find extremely dishonest and patronising to suggest that people can’t buy houses because they spend too much on avocados or Netflix. Even if one spent 5000£ a year on these, which is an order of magnitude too high for the average earner, it’s still going to take them 40 years of monastic life to save 200K£.

I’m out of that infernal loop only because a few years ago my salary jumped above 250K£ and I’ve made 200-300K£, after tax, in a single year when my employer did its IPO. Let’s not pretend that the average person can buy a half decent family home in a decent part of the UK just by working hard and giving up lattes.
Yeah mine too. I've had it since 2009 and only now the screen is starting to go a bit dim.

I'm really amazed every time I think about it.
bool as int is sometimes useful and often infuriating
Another good resources with many stations from all over the world (mostly European):
http://estacions.albertguillaumes.cat/
I agree! Though I think "innovations", in a broad sense, can also be a delightful reason to enjoy cities. I find a fair bit of really niche ideas (mini "innovations" if you will) when I go to an indie exhibition and that fills me with inspiration and joy. I know that your comment also covers this aspect ("the arts") but I think increased creativity from being near other people is worth pointing out.
I think the GCC Front-End For Rust [1] is going to have an even larger impact going forward.

[1]: https://github.com/Rust-GCC/gccrs
I'm not familiar with OCSP, but DNS happens via UDP, and since parent said "network access", I'm assuming they mean all network protocols, not just TCP.
That truth serum sure has a long list of memory vulnerabilities causing tremendous amount of damage.

Come on, C is not an exceptional language from any point of view. It just pretends that everything is a fast PDP-11, and thanks to the insane amount of work and mental gymnastics done by the compiler, it will output good code. It has shitty abstractability that hinders performance if anything (just look at the small string optimizations done by C++) and hurts maintainability and productivity. At least it should have a proper macro system, but preprocessor macros are just a disgusting hack.

It is if not outright a “bad language”, it should definitely be left behind outside of maintaining the litany of programs written in it, and one should start new programs in either managed languages (if absolute control over the hardware is not required), or at least in C++ or Rust.
I don't want to be a devils advocate, but why is it a problem that you paid a church tax?

In Germany, members of the church pay for the church service, it is made available to them by the church. It's just how it is, you pay the tax, and then you can marry for free, attend church for free, baptise your children free of charge, ...

If you don't want to use or don't need their services, you can always cancel your church membership. It costs one visit to Bürgeramt and a few euros.

I am sick of people staying in church and complaining that they should not pay. Before church tax, everyone had to pay through taxes, even people that are not members of catholic or evangelical church, like atheists and members of other confessions. That is immoral. Either pay or leave the church if it is not worth it for you to pay.
So it looks like an overreaction, but the prices are going to be correlated with future expectations, not with prices obtainable right now. Price jumped now because the whole supply chain for X predicted the price on the market will raise soon. Since the revenue pays for future production, this makes sense - what you pay now pays for what you buy again in a month.
Red meat consumption has been linked to colon cancers in some studies. I guess you could always limit yourself to chicken etc.
Sorry but that doesn't come from feelings.
The Supreme Court’s Faux ‘Originalism’
we had lots of laughs with HP-48 IR ports
This sounds very plausible. I wonder if it was the actual business case for making this watch. They must have had to justify the expense of development, I always wondered if they learn enough from the endeavour or gained enough from new tooling that that was the justification.
You didn't respond with any evidence you just asked me to prove you wrong which is not how it works.

As for ending fossil fuels , I never commented on that nor am I an expert in the field so I won't make any claim
Make all Mac apps available from the command line
It's not limited to superhero stories. Even the quintessential story detective, Sherlock Holmes, meets his match in a "criminal mastermind" whom he ultimately defeats with... his superior skill at wrestling. Admittedly that was some of Arthur Conan Doyle's laziest writing.
Well I said central bank, the gov. has also given a stimulus during the pandemic -- this is a larger part of the story.

However, we should be careful not just to say inflation is caused by the money supply. This is a theory of why inflation could occur, it isnt inflation. Inflation is just the general rise in prices.

Given that everything is suddenly more expensive when energy prices rise (since energy is required for everything), etc. And given supply chain crises, etc.

We are seeing a case where the supply-side is undergoing huge general shocks. If you want to say that M1 has caused a demand-side inflation, fine... but it seems to me that 1/2ing the price of oil would 1/2inflation; whereas doubling interest rates wont.

So if money supply is the cause of inflation, interest rates will entirely solve the problem. If the supply-side is, then it wont.

I'd place a large bet on supply side being the major part. I think 1/2ing oil price would take inflation down to (4-6)%, at which interest rates would then be effective.
> If your devs aren't interested in your infrastructure, they are bad devs.

so, 90+% are bad devs? :D
I would really like to own a GShock, but I just can't get over how small the digits are. I know I would be frustrated reading the time from a space that is maybe 1/15 of the watch face surface area.
I think you right. I just downloaded the "tagged software version" from github.
There are infinitely many, so all is out, but the standard ones are covered here: https://oleg.fi/gists/posts/2017-04-18-glassery.html

Page 10 of this paper has a table with references to some more exotic optics, though it's going to be hard to parse without some category theory: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2001.07488.pdf
You can always roll out your favorite Python version and just use that. No need to use the latest unless you have security sensitive requirements.
Yeah, look at interest rates long term. Money got looser and looser with every downturn. After the last one, the rates went more or less to zero. Everyone had to know that next time we'd be hitting the wall.
Why not UTF-8 art? I guess we could make much nicer diagrams with then?
Douglas Murray - What it Means to be Woke [3m30s]

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_APjzWh5d0o
A currency can maintain its value against others, and against certain commodities whilst a general price rise occurs.

Talking in terms of the currency often puts the issue backwards.
> I think trivial.

Neither one of us can back up our claims, but: Surely there's a non-trivial amount of people out there who abhor JS and who would still want to be able to target the web as a platform?

> Manipulating the DOM without Javascript is as useful to understand it as manipulating a car without hands.

Why? If you mean that because "things are the way they are", then sure, but this isn't a fundamental limitation.

> Better use wasm for what it's good at: obfuscation of proprietary code,

That's not what WASM is for.

> high intensity mathematics, port of existing code. Not adding a span in a div please.

But why? Why should that last task be the domain of only JS?

I think this is exactly the attitude that has kept me shying away from the web as a platform. On classical OS platforms, they may well be better suited and less suited languages for a given task – but declaring that you mustn't do something in a given language is just strange to me. Yet it seems like the norm on the web.
As a Swede I don't get the pissing analogy
But, why? You would have to recompile the WASM code every time a change was made to the DOM. Add a new DIV that you now need to address? Add a reference to it in the WASM code and recompile. What a pain that would be.
Don't forget Oblivion and Edge of Tomorrow.
Initially I wanted to counter all your points but then I realized if this is how you feel then who am I to say otherwise. Personally I don't find all the feature creep/additional features bad per se but it sure has grown and evolved as a language when I first started getting serious about Python in the early 3.x days.

What I did want to mention was the improvements to the errors where you can see exactly what line, function call, etc., is causing the error will be a huge game changer in my opinion for the language and for adoption. It's ergonomic changes like that that make me bullish on the language going forward.
You're lucky. You'll see it when you step in it.

"Easy but ambigous" sounds paradoxical, maybe the terms are not correct, but it is a very very different thing totally different than the other two.

Maybe there's a better way to explain this though: there's work that would be easy if it was clarified but it's not, and at the same time you can't just think hard and discuss and clarify and make it clear befor starting to work on it, so that you can set yourself to doing it, either in robot mode (while thinking of other things), or in regular problems solving mode; you just can't, that fog and ambiguity and unclarity is just "sticky", stays there until the problem is solved and sometimes even after, making it hard to even be sure that you've really solved it; there's no reward in tackling the hard problem of fully clarifying things because you can't succeed at it, but paradoxically there's no frustration either because you don't know it's a doable tasks either; you just have to muddle through, at every step of the way doubting yourself that you've chosen the right path since there's no clear way to measure stuff and to quantify your step; and you constantly have to interrupt yourself, going in "fishing trips" for information that is stuck in god knows whos brain because it was never documented, and never getting sure enough of what you discover to have trust that by documenting it yourself you make someone's life easier; and when you get to a "solution" you still keep the bitter taste in your mouth becase the systems have no adecquate testing tools and you can never be truly sure your solution will really 100% work; and if it seems to work for know, it's never sure it will keep working in the future, or that what it does will satisfy its operators...

To take your hiking analogy: it's basically a one-foot-after-another multi-day hike, but there's fog (and fog is a meteoreological phenomenon so you can't make go away), you're not really sure which of the destinations is the right one (or if many could qualify as adequate destinations), and there's a couple landmines hidden around, with very low probability of triggering them (1-5%) but yu still know they're there, and you have no water with you and you know that the water you'll find is 90% likely to give you disentery, and you might need to ask people for directions but it's hard to know whether they'll be right.

> I frequently tell my manager/team that we have two kinds of problems

...when enough managers/leads/architects/etc. mess things up in a row, you do end up with problems of the third kind :)
Humanity left an irreversible imprint upon Earth's rocks
> What about them do you find confusing?

They are non-local jumps. They make reasoning about the code very difficult. When you read code, you have to treat all conditions symmetrically and equally likely (e.g., whether a file exists or it doesn't). Using exceptions for control flow, as is done sometimes in python, forces an unnatural asymmetry between cases that I find confusing. And this is just when there is a single exception at stake. Typically, several exceptions fly invisibly over the same code and it becomes impossible to understand (unless you assume that no exceptions occur, which is the wrong stance to take when analyzing an exception-riddled code).

TL;DR: raise and except are a corporate-friendly renaming of goto [0] and comefrom [1].

[0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goto

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COMEFROM
sorry, I seem to forget, when you have 200 years of history, of course you keep going back to the beginning.

`existing in or as part of a tradition; long-established.`

Long-estabished by 1980 is still long established, the rest of the world is traditionally not under the influence of the US economic super-power, I feel I needn't go on...

Traditionally farmers have been breeding cattle, traditionally we like to eat. You're being deliberately argumentative in assuming that traditional means luddite vs something that has been tried and tested and known not to be destructive. Progress needn't mean obliteration of resources, but then given the "traditional" view from the US of demanding growth and domination to sustain high pricing against the all-mighty petro-dollar, you clearly don't have a better system.

Did you read the rest of my comments. Producing copious amounts of excess corn is _not_ a good thing. Especially when it's produced in a long-term damaging way. Good progress is not the complete obliteration of tradition, those who say it is are fools.
I don't think many people expected the price to rise quite as quickly as it did. Demand for heat pumps and rooftop solar currently outstrips supply by far, at least here in Germany.
I loved this when I visited Norway, even made a video of me using it for posterity!

I don't know what the right terminology is but I always prefer the unsliced imperfect loaves rather than the perfect rectangular presliced ones.

Those machines were great as it meant I didn't have to slice them every morning and it did a better job.
Imagine people still believing that veggie industry is small and not a gigantic player.

Every major organization/gov wants to make people eat more veggies and less meat
But his low poll numbers is mainly because the media won't give him credit for the good things he did and because of republican rhetoric.
The argument is about the power of a single machine. If your enterprise is somehow limited by 1Gb links, no amount of scaling is going to address that.
> and only UTF-32 systems (which are very few, Python is the only one I can think of offhand)

FLOSS Lisps such as SBCL (unless you use 8-bit strings) or CCL use 32-bit characters. Some Schemes such as Chez Scheme do the same thing.
> are more about having a framework of allowing inner/library code to drop the ball and run away screaming, without making more of a mess.

It also allows the calling function to ignore the mess and hope that something further up the call-chain will deal with it.

Exceptions circumvent the normal control-flow of a program, and that makes code less obvious to follow. When I see foo calling bar() in go, I know where, and if, errors returned by the function are being handled, just by looking at foo.

When I see foo calling bar() in Python, and there is no try-except block in foo, I have no idea what happens to any errors that bar may return. I now have to check everyting that calls foo, which may be multiple other places, each of which could have a different Exception handling, or none, in which case I have to also check all the callers of that caller of foo, etc.

And even if there is a try-except, I have to check whether except catches the correct TYPE, so now I also need to be aware of the different types of Exceptions bar may raise ... which in turn depends on everything that bar calls, and how bar itself handles these calls, etc.

Yes, error handling in Go is verbose. Yes, it would be nice if it offeres a little syntactic sugar to improve that.

But error handling in Go is also obvious.
> If you DON'T spend $50 on lattes, then obviously you can't save that money.

I did acknowledge that if this doesn't apply to you, then it doesn't apply to you. Yes somewhere like London I imagine this might be true, although looking at the amount of people in lines in coffee shops and lunch places spending £15-20 on lunch, a lot of people it DOES apply to.

If you find it impossible, and the math doesn't work, fine. But I think a lot of people use articles like this as an excuse to never be frugal in any way.
Suspected something along those lines, although taking the tautological sense of the word makes the proposition of whether there are frogs who cannot "frog" (or indeed cats or whatever) dubious. The whole idea is stupid, and not in a good way.
I've see quite a few images of heavier than air aircraft in lots of tiny pieces. One of my old colleagues starred in a popular TV series dedicated to air crash investigations, and he was working for a trade publication promoting flight...
> A currency can maintain its value against others, and against certain commodities whilst a general price rise occurs.

So? It's not maintaining its value. Who cares whether it's maintaining its value measured in baht? That would just mean the baht is also losing value.
Of course it was trolling. You're not being woke, you are woke.
And then you serve megabytes of js libs that will cause multi-second load times and log every single mouse movement, autostart a video with sound and pop up 10 different bullshit, so.. you would be at the exact same spot from a shitty dev laptop.

(Half kidding)
The problem is, very few Git learning resources start off by introducing what refs are, objects, etc. and those that do are usually wrong in some way. There are really not enough learning resources to learn Git this way.
Text-Driven Stylization of Video Objects
It's not the exhaust, that's what you exhale. It's more like disposable packaging. There isn't really a good analogy to fueling up a car; being fed by IV maybe?
I'm pretty sure people are mostly upset with the current inflation level, not the inflation level back when it was low.

But I guess those people should just be grateful it was not higher before, and just be less greedy.
All this is also very american. Other languages/culture are variate as well and mixing your local culture with some anglo-american influence is super interesting too.

None of my ancestors spoke English, thanks to the internet I'm the first one. It really doesn't feel like stagnation, if people knew what people thought outside of French, their mind would be blown. The contrary is true too (but somehow we fail to attract, probably because English is the short tail, French the long tail) !
seems there's a lot of ragging on India at the moment, a massive country with huge energy needs, who have nothing to do with this conflict and can be expected only to operate in its national interest, as is their right.

Two things annoying about this reportage - firstly, Europe continues to buy Russian oil yet India is the one being lambasted. Secondly, India previously relied on Iranian oil before that was sanctioned by the US, forcing relatively recent dependency on Russian supply.
Why is that unpopular?
Generally speaking german bakeries are top notch, quite old fashioned, which is good. But the taste/style of german bread is debatable.
A similar statement could be made about monads. Originally used to implement IO in Haskell because it’s a lazy pure functional language, they’re largely unnecessary in strictly evaluated languages.

Monads are now of course seen by Haskellers as being very useful in many different use cases beyond the original motivation.

IO in PureScript, which I’d describe as strictly evaluated Haskell, is still implemented using monads. The biggest benefit of this (as one might expect) is forcing the separation of pure and impure code, but a cool byproduct is asynchronous IO is also implemented in a monad. Various functions are available to launch async from synchronous IO and lift synchronous functions into async. The ergonomics of mixing sync and async are better than any other language I’ve used.

So theres an interesting question: once you have dot syntax, are there reasons you’d still want lenses? I’ve come up with two.

First, it is nice to use “over” (%~) to avoid specifying a location in a data structure twice (first to read it and apply a function to the read value, second to create a new data structure with the read value replaced with the output of the function. The deeper the data structure, the bigger the benefit.

The second case is writing functions that take lenses as an input and operate generically with larger data structures without knowing where in the larger data structure the values of interest reside ahead of time.
Leaving aside all the usual difficulties with collecting data of that kind, it’s worth noting that such a procedure only has a hope of producing reliable results if:

* The majority if cases of Monkeypox are both symptomatic and reported.

* The majority of transmissions occur by contact between people who know each other personally (rather than e.g. brushing up against each other in a tube carriage).

* It is possible to share names and other details in a way that respects people’s privacy. (On the face of it, sending out surveys saying 'Sam Jones had Monkeypox, did you kiss them last week?' is just unlawful.)

We may eventually get reliable information about the main vectors for the current outbreak. At present, we haven’t. No-one is hiding anything. We just don’t know because it’s difficult to find out.

edit: Also note the following from the article:

>For many of the confirmed cases, health officials don't know how the person caught the virus. Those infected haven't traveled or come into contact with another infected person. That means the virus is spreading in some communities and cities, cryptically.
to be fair, mobile users are probably grateful of that
I assume they mean that rental payment would be replaced with mortgage payment - for multiple decades to own a home.