skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Someone said it is their job to keep HN a nice place. I will try to follow suit.

Could you provide citations or evidence to such a claim? In following HN guidelines, I did not do a quick dismissal. I spent time and ran tests. I do not see the same conclusions. I am ready to post up some data in good faith.
Perhaps it is helpful to clarify what I mean when I write "SNI is nor required" or "SNI is required". The language I use may not be the same as that used by web developers or people at large commercial CDNs that are trying to influence "upgrades" of traditional internet protocols that were originally developed by people at universities.

What I mean by "SNI is not required" is that I can send an HTTP request over TLS without SNI and succesfully retrieve the resource I specified in the HTTP method line and Host header, e.g., I send

GET /5/doc/index.html HTTP/1.1
Host: example.com
Connection: close

and I receive index.html.

Whereas if I do not receive index.html unless I also send SNI, then, in the language I use, "SNI is required".

In the 173.230.137.156 example I chose, I can still retrieve /5/doc/index.html from api.call-cc.org regardless of whether I send SNI. Yes, the api.call-cc.org domain name does have its own certificate. It does not matter. I can send no SNI, Ican send SNI "example.com" or I can send SNI "3e8.org" and still retrieve /5/doc/index.html in every case (using the certificate for 3e8.org for the public key, etc., the default certificate sent by the httpd at IP address 173.230.137.156). In this example, the operator of the httpd is not checking the SNI against the Host header.

The reader may wonder about certificate verification on the client side. For example, if a "tech" company-sponsored browser detects that the domain name specified in the Host header does not match a domain name specified in a certificate it may refuse to send the HTTP request. For many years, applications using SSL/TLS often failed to do certificate verification correctly or did not do it at all. Today, browsers sponsored by "tech" companies can do certificate verification. However they are not the only programs that can do it.

I use a localhost forward proxy to do certificate verification not a graphical web browser. This is because most HTTP requests I make are (a) noncommercial and (b) done with commandline utilities that do not support graphics and do not do certificate verification (nor SNI). "Noncommercial" here means things like banking, shopping and so forth. For commercial uses such as those, I use a "modern" graphical browser.

In some ways, but not others, the phrase "SNI is required" is like the phrase "Javascript is required". I routinely make successful HTTP requests to sites whose web developers claim "Javascript is required". To initiate HTTP requests I use commandline utilities that do not support Javascript. Those requests are not over the wire, they are sent to a loopback address. Only the forward proxy sends HTTP requests and receives responses over the wire. To read HTML or consume other media types, I use a text-only browser or some other program. I have no trouble retrieving media from these sites. Neverthless, there are HN commenters who would still argue "Javascript is required".

A phrase can have different meanings to different people.
We still get several hundred pageviews per hour during the outage. It just didn't seem to effect us much for some reason (but the reason is not that nobody was going to our site anyways)

I did get an alert from Uptime Robot but when I checked everything was fine and so I thought it was a false positive.
This approach of data maximalism seems to work well primarily for NLP and CV. However, there are lot of domains where throwing every feature without some consideration of information will not get you good results. To take a simple case, you are asked to model (forecast) the sales of an item at a retail store. Jamming in features like - color of people shirts, average length of their nails, the duration of traffic signals in front of the mall, the length of the store name etc.. will not lead to good results. In contrast, seasonality, prices, promotions, weather etc. will most likely lead to good results.

Why does the second set of features work while the first doesn't? I like to think of the second set having a model of causality, to figure that out you need some domain expertise and experience. Without that expertise, the feature set of non-causal factors is almost infinite.
This is going to confuse the frankfurter out of a newbie. First it presents the idea that Windows has a shell, and even multiple shell programs. Screenshots 'n' everything.

But then, nope:

> Windows is not anything like Linux under the hood. So to get a shell working, we have three options:

> Use a tool which provides common Linux tools which have been written to work with Windows

> Use a "virtual machine" running Linux

> Use the Windows Subsystem for Linux

What "common Linux tools which have been written to work with Windows" is referring to is installing Cygwin.

This a fairly hamfisted presentation of a subject matter that could be handled in a way that is simultaneously easier to grasp and factually correct.

First of all, your goal is to teach about a specific command interpreter language, you really want to clarify how there are multiple ones which have different syntax, and brush that whole topic aside as fast as possible.

> You can see what the version is of your shell by running:

> bash --version

Yikes. If we know we are running Bash, the way to know what version it is is:

echo $BASH_VERSION

and not to run another instance of Bash.

Can this book teach something simple, like comments?

> The shell ignores any text which follows a # hash symbol.

Wrong:

$ echo 'all of # this is seen'
all of # this is seen

"this is seen" looks like an example of "any text" to me.

A hash comment marker is ignored if it is not quoted and escaped so as to be part of a word. The hash is also part of certain bits of syntax:

$# (dollar hash) number of positional parameters

${variable#pat} expand the content of variable, chopping off
a leading portion which matches the pat pattern.
Example:

$ echo $TERM
xterm-256color

$ echo ${TERM#xte}
rm-256color
How to Operate in a Changing Startup Environment
"they could get solar power from, say, Algeria and Australia depending on time of day."

This is basically a proposal to power all of Americas at night using solar deployment in Australia? This is far outside the realm of technical and infrastructural feasability.

What about reliability? UK power connection to france has burned down a few months ago and it will take 2 years to fix, and it only moves like 2 GW
Simon Willison's cool categorised TIL page
I'm not super entirely clear on how this whole Mega system works, and maybe you understand it better, but is there a reason they couldn't have just run an Augmented PAKE between the client and the server to establish authentication and create a cryptographically secure transport for recovering key blobs, and then used any key-wrap encryption, like AES-SIV, based on any KDF of a password --- ideally a second password --- to encrypt the node keys themselves?

There is a whole hellacious amount of mechanism in this protocol that doesn't seem necessary at all. I don't know if doing it simply would involve more keys or less keys but it would certainly seem to involve fewer concepts and less ad-hoc invention --- PAKEs are a solved problem, KDFs are a solved problem, key-wrap encryption is a solved problem.

Instead they came up with unpadded RSA, ECB-encrypted key blobs, a single shared key for all the blobs, a post-back proof that is just that broken RSA piped directly back to the server. I don't know, seems pretty bad?
The projections you are referring to are out of date. We are already well below replacement rates globally.
Everyone here understands the trade offs. There is zero benefit to a blockchain for this use case.
The Bitcoin Goldrush (2011)
vMix is amazing software for events, it really opened my eyes to how much more there could be in OBS. Prior to using it I thought OBS did about everything one could expect to ask of a software mixer.
>Ring

Can you provide a link? That one's hard to Google.
The peoblem is your consumption of energy happens through you consuming goods, and energy was used to produce them, so its industrial.
https://github.com/briansmith/ring
We have to get a bit in the weeds here. Does the name Linux refers to just the kernel, or does it also include the GNU userland and the rest of everything on top that desktop distros are made up of (Gnome/KDE/etc). Because Android uses the Linux kernel, as does ChromeOS, but calling them Linux doesn't exactly mean what people are trying to say when they say "it's the year of the Linux desktop".

So the worry is that the Steam Deck is also going to be its own weird fork of Linux desktop, and fixes can't be used to improve Ubuntu/Fedora/Arch/etc.
There is ample evidence before of people predicting pretty much everything that happened (with the exception of the bizarre transfer devices that evolved out of staking, tethering, contracts, etc.).

I think smugness is 100% warranted, especially given the intensity of the attacks from the other side.

Even your smugness with, "Well, if you're so smart why didn't you short and make a mint," is just sour grapes. Because shorting crypto required even more effed up investments into highly sketchy exchanges. There was really nothing to short in the traditional investment sense.
>If my coins are pegged to USD how do they appreciate?

Staking rewards. It's marketed as a necessary feature of PoS cryptocurrencies, but it isn't really necessary if the cryptocurrency is actually centralized anyways. Centralized cryptocurrencies like USDT just use it to entice buyers with rewards for just holding it, creating inflation at the cost of everyone else.

This is a major reason against Proof-of-Stake: if you don't reward stakers, then they will be incentivized to abuse their powers and double spend. If you do reward stakers, it creates a ponzi-like incentive structure like this.
I don’t think Chrome is moving slowly. They are on the very edge of web technology. They are for example relatively fast at adopting modern C++ standards (compared to other big code bases). [1]

[1] https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/src/+/HEAD/styleg...
Perhaps curly braces are useful after all.
"blue-chip" means "most-valuable"
Exactly, people aren’t always stupid, they’re desperate. Investing in index funds at ~6% average return (or thereabouts) does nothing meaningful for people who are priced out by the 10-15% y/y gains on housing, or are living paycheck to paycheck due to inflation.

Its not so hard to see why people feel their only option is riskier bets.
Veggies are not cheap. Rice and beans aren't particularly healthy.

Veggies are dirt cheap. Sure, pre-sliced baby carrots in star shapes aren't cheap, but the poor shouldn't buy those.

You should tell the 80% of the world population that lives off beans and rice as staple foods. They tend to have a lot less obesity and live longer than Americans. And we're comparing it to unhealthy food - how on earth is rice and beans "not particularly healthy" compared to potato chips and fast food?

Amazing how the poor of America eat worse than the really poor in the rest of the world. And amazingly they have the time, equipment (a pot!) and storage (fridge) to make it work.

Sounds more like a lack of life skills and poor choices more than anything.
It'd be interesting to apply a Hilbert curve [0] to the Earth with the PGP Word List, with the even/odd list being used for each hemisphere, or used normally as a check. [1]

[0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hilbert_curve

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PGP_word_list
People that are anti crypto are of strong conviction. I am sure they wish they could have their Michael Burry moment — if only it wasn’t for the damn volatility.
> Helping people get a good night's sleep -- without drugs -- would likely help, if only to stave it off in those at risk.

Are doctors not already telling people to get good night’s sleep? Are healthy diet and exercise not already universally recommended? Do we not already warn people against smoking and excessive drinking? Have we not implemented sin taxes to disincentive these unhealthy behaviors?

Obviously these efforts, while beneficial are not even close sufficient. Thus there is a large unmet need for therapeutic intervention. Whoever is able to meet that need will be handsomely rewarded, and rightly so, because they will have meaningfully improved the health and quality of life of many many people.
I could take bets on the next mass shooting, too, but I prefer not to make money off of some things that I can nonetheless statistically foresee.
He also bought a mansion and a few cars and divorced and gambled a lot in Vegas and online casinos and hot stock tips?

What's amazing is that this person put his name in the WSJ as a gullible fool who can now be targeted by spearphishing scams (including that Crypto Recovery scam that has was even spamming HN recently) and shunned by his peers and potential clients.
> I comes down to supply and demand. The fastest way to reduce cost at this point it to get OPEC to increase supply thru an incentive.

Or just lift the sanctions against Russia.
Too bad this is locked away on somebody else’s server.
Is there any reason not to follow this law, even though Tesla company is one of the richest company?
Thats like fantasy ecobomics - you have to consider electricity at market price for the comparison to be meaningfull.

Electricity is currently much more expensive than it was last year.

Aluminium refineries use OP-ex heavy, so the day your dream of cheap electricity materialises, aluminium will become nearly free
Why Porsche announced an SUV in 1998
Good thing we got alternatives on the way ... added bonus, i like walking without smelling russian oil being burned.
Not the same. Probably theft laws are more similar. A thief steals a knife and sells it to a knife seller. The knife seller sells you the knife. Under law, stolen property belong to the person it was stolen from, and sales are not valid. The original owner of the knife claims it back from you.

But being digital, the knife was just copied and the original owner still has one, but you also have theirs without their permission. So there's much less sympathy for the victim.
And God forbid you have any issues with it and need help, because Rockwell support is $$$$!
This makes sense. So basically if you style your programming such that a list is never materialized you can achieve zero allocation based programming.

However for things like "sorting" this can never fully be achieved. You cannot sort a generator. Every iterator counterpart needs a list counterpart or there will be literally certain computations that are impossible.
Keyword is "keep". Hydrogen will not be penetrating and weakening turbine blades.
Comparing X, Y Curves and Z-Order Curves for Texture Coding
Stablecoins are useful, because they let you set prices on the blockchain that aren't denominated in BTC or ETH or another currency that fluctuates wildly. A good stablecoin is pretty boring in terms of gains/profits, but can generate a modest stream of fees.

Terra had a sister coin called Luna which it planned to use to keep Terra stable. Luna had the price dynamics of ETH or BTC, where it's value depended solely on the whims of the market. The whole thing was a perpetual motion machine that failed very predictably. Matt Levine has some good coverage.
Might be worth disclosing you are the “VP (of) Ecosystem and Business Development” for Tabnine in any comments that your pitching Tabnine; while you’re at it, might not hurt to add that to your HN profile.
The type of crypto the world ends up with will absolutely not be BTC or ETH. It will be closer to Zcash with zero-knowledge proofs, and will like only be used for things like international exchanges, escrow, new types of trusts (contracts are quite brilliant), or transfers between banks. People will use it the same way the used to use Moneygram, or the way they pay a thousand dollars for an escrow agent. I also believe every bank and country and possibly corporations will have their own blockchains. I have a strong gut feeling I'll never be buying a sandwich with crypto in my lifetime.
The purpose of my proposal to drastically increase fossil fuel taxes was only to decrease pollution. It is possible that humans do not discover an alternative fuel source or way to move mass as cheap and conveniently as gas for a long time.
When I was half my age, OBS was unfathomable. I was shooting video on digital 8, editing in Final Cut Pro 4 which was the new hotness, and trying but failing to use DSS on my college network. Actual streaming at scale required a massive server and a massive license from RealNetworks. If I wanted to do anything with animation, it was all $$$$$ software. This all took place in a shared lab at my college with stuff I could never afford on my own.

Today, people at that age are making lucrative careers out of streaming then doing the things they love out of their bedrooms using OBS. Blender has enabled all kinds of amazing creators, from animation to video editing to 3D printing and even (basic) architecture. Kicad makes EDA! approachable. My teen son has been able to dabble in all of the above in his spare time without spending a dime.

I’m in awe of the power of free software and the amazing engineering work that has enabled these projects to be good enough for real professionals to choose first. I hope we see Godot achieve world domination in gaming, GIMP in graphics, and Libra Office + Collabra in productivity. The people who have given us these tools deserve the highest accolades.
>survives by not expanding anymore, thus keeping it from expanding into the galaxy

The https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aestivation_hypothesis could be a special case of this one. :)
Do people actually think this? ie. "it's not investing unless there's a chance of you making 10x returns"?
The reporting is skipping some steps. You'd buy UST then deposit it into a "separate" bankish thing called Anchor which would pay you 20% APR. The interest was supposed to come from Anchor loaning out your UST at a higher rate. This would be sustainable in theory, but they were actually paying interest out of their marketing budget to bootstrap the Terra/Luna/Anchor "ecosystem".
Barbell squats work some muscles more than others. If you do a lot more squats than opposing exercise, you will create imbalanced muscle strength over time.

Of course if you run a careful program, you can make sure to work opposing muscle groups equally and avoid this. But the fact is that a lot of people who lift weights don’t run careful programs.

Another factor is the elasticity of your muscles. If you don’t up your stretching efforts as you up your lifting, you risk trading range of movement for strength. Again—totally manageable but that doesn’t mean everyone does it.
Chrome is indeed big, however calling them slow is incorrect.

In fact there are articles of people burning out with the release process of Chrome, left behind by the sheer speed at which the project is moving forward.
How to succeed in language design without trying (2015) [video]
I see it at pretty much every tech company these days.
Whenever I encounter tabnine pages in search results- most commonly for Java Spring stuff- and click through, I regret it. The code snippets are never useful and the ads/popups are offensive. Baeldung resources are infinitely better.
> it absolutely helped improve the speed at which I code and reduced the cognitive burden significantly.

improved speed and reduced cognitive burden

Just these two justifies the $10/month , despite of the ten other dozen drawbacks of Copilot.
> JavaScript is unlike other programming languages in that it is the universal scripting language. Its universality combined with security from the browser and its raw performance lends itself to a solution for these problems, at least for a certain common class of applications.

You want to sell Javascript based solutions, go for it. But don’t push this nonsense like “No language like Javascript”. The only reason Javascript has a wider adoption than others is because it’s forced upon us. Browsers understand just Javascript to display web pages, period. Doesn’t make it the best because of that reason. I say this as an experienced IT consultant managing a wide array of projects over my career across industries.

You know what usually bites me when I touch code that has not been touched for 6 months (usually a late contract renewal)? It’s not my Elixir or Ruby code that’s running on autopilot. It’s the stupid Javascript with its Node based dependencies all failing randomly in each direction just because some developer used a library for something trivial they could have written themselves or super likely because Babel or Webpack decided to change their config files so my entire JS pipeline breaks. JS is a language full of patchwork and its entire ecosystem, more so - it certainly has gotten better over the years. If it works for you, then great. But it’s a far cry from a “one solution for everything that’s better than everything else”.

Personally, I use Coffeescript. It has been a breeze from all aspects.
There was no free market, thus the USSR was not capitalist.

I can't believe I'm even arguing this point. It seems like some weird attempt to rewrite history with a narrative "if something went wrong with communism, its capitalisms fault".

No, the USSR collectivized the entire country, everything was state owned, the state determined what was produced (to the point of murdering citizens who tried to stop them). It was as close to communism as anyone has every gotten and it failed miserably.
There’s a lot of grumbling on HN and on Twitter but most won’t hear it.
Blockchain technology is heavily underrated. With this dip, it scared away all of the scammers, paper handers, and generally people that did not contribute to this space. This is the time where innovation will thrive rather than "get rich quick schemes".
Maybe people don't want to play a zero-sum Greater fool game. There are better ways to spend one's time.
Well most libraries abolished late fees during COVID so swings and roundabouts I guess.
Thank you for laying out facts for us, at least from Tabnine perspective.

I didn't use Tabnine but anecdotally heard it is not as good to guess whole methods the way Copilot is. Now I understand why.

The only suggestion I would make, maybe lower the price, MS is bigger player, they pretty much set the standard now, if they have lower price even symbolically, it would hurt you more.

I personally am happy with Copilot, had some really wonderful moments and savings in time searching for proper method syntax is where I get a lot of benefit. I should spend time to get to know Tabnine as well so not to be ignorant on this new technology.
I lead the platform team of a fairly young startup in the D2C commerce space in the APAC region. This outage happened during peak traffic hours which made me and the team look like amateurs in the company.

Cloudflare is great, and I would never move away from it. But from a business continuity standpoint, is there a fallback approach that we should be prepared for during such cases?

One crude approach we were discussing is during an outage we could change the NS records in the registrar to point to for eg. Google Cloud DNS which would already be in sync in terms of the DNS records it has.
This article provides useful background: https://uk.finance.yahoo.com/news/mortgages-property-bank-of...

tl;dr - the rule being scrapped isn't the only rule that limits how much people can borrow, and there are problems with the way it works due to short term nature of most UK mortgage deals. So scrapping this rule isn't necessarily a bad thing.
Ask the one who use this number. I would suggest 33% and bad rounding.