skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> Currently my primary use case is image filtering but a bit down the line signal processing will come up.

Image filtering _is_ signal processing, two-dimensional signal processing to be precise.

Traditionally, a college would take you through linear algebra -> differential equations -> signals and systems, to approach this subject.

I found it easier to go through the reverse: start at signals-and-systems (to see what you have to learn), then work your way back down to linear algebra, and then work your way back up to signals and systems.

---------------

From a "signals and systems" point of view, your image filtering functions are 99% going to just be a "kernel" applied to an image.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kernel_(image_processing)

IMO, its easier to start with a 1-dimensional version, where you perform kernels upon sound and/or RADAR signals rather than 2-dimensional images.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convolution#Visual_explanation

You can see that the 1-dimensional version of the convolution applied between (data x kernel) is extremely simple and "obvious" to think about, given this GIF: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6a/Convolut...

Where blue-box is the original signal, and red-box is the convolution-kernel, and the black-line is the output of blue convolve with red.

From there, you generalize the 1-dimensional convolution, into a 2-dimensional convolution. To do so, you need to study linear algebra and matricies. But now that you're "focused" upon the convolution idea, as well as the idea of a "kernel", everything should be "more obvious" to you as you go through your studies.

You can see that a "Matrix", in your specific field of study, represents a kernel to a discrete system. The image you want to manipulate is a 2-dimensional signal. A "matrix" is many different things to many different mathematicians / engineers. "Focusing" upon your particular application is key to learning as quickly as possible. (You can generalize later after you've mastered your particular field).

Still, the study of signals / systems is a very generalized and large field. Mechanical engineers study this, because it turns out that an "impulse" that is "convoluted" with a "kernel" is descriptive of how a speed-bump affects your car's suspension system (!!!!). (EDIT: A youtube video demonstrating the same math for earthquakes vs buildings: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f1U4SAgy60c)

So studying signals-and-systems is still a very abstract goal of yours. It sounds like you need to focus upon the image-processing portions of signals-and-systems.

---------

IMO, you'll find that there's probably very little linear algebra you actually need to learn for your particular path.
According to this article, lidar using eye-safe lasers is standard: https://photonicsreport.com/blog/is-lidar-dangerous-for-our-...

"If a lidar system ever uses a laser with a higher safety class, then it could pose a serious hazard for your eyes. However, as it stands, according to current information and practices, lidar manufacturers use class 1 eye-safe (near) infrared laser diodes."
No, they're saying they've implemented something that's even more simple than an embedded database and it still works fine for them.

If you can stand several 100s of milliseconds of latency on every write then writing a 1.2gb flat file is not a problem.
The purpose of an analogy is to short-circuit a long explanation by appealing to an already deeply understood concept. It's important to understand how the referenced concepts are understood and experienced by the audience if it's going to be an effective analogy. Comparisons to how the concept could technically be defined in a dry academic context are a bit irrelevant, since the whole point is to trigger a flash of intuition. Anyone who's reaction is "no, that's no the way you were supposed to experience that analogy" should probably not being using analogies to convey anything at all.

Using a trauma that you haven't experienced as a point of reference can also be seen as minimizing that trauma. Especially if you're going for a purposefully extreme juxtaposition like "being at the very top of a business with control over other people's labor and livelihoods is just like being a slave."

Because it's nothing like that at all to someone with deeper experience with the subject, and is as false to them as other shocking juxtapositions like "stubbing your toe is like having your entire family murdered in the holocaust (because they both hurt!)" or "needing to have a license to operate a car is like being gangraped (because you don't want either!)." Those kinds of analogies can be interpreted as purposefully trivializing and mocking that trauma, because there are quite a few people out there who really enjoy doing that sort of thing.

So when language is used like that, people who are hurt by the reference have to decide whether the speaker is simply ignorant of how it's going to land or if they are doing it on purpose. Some of them are going to chuck Hanlon's razor out the window and assume it's done on purpose as part of some sort of power game or sadism.
> I believe one end of the Houston metro area to the other is almost as far as London to Birmingham.

One end of the London metro area to the other (say, from Reading to Southend-on-Sea) is almost (half of the distance) as far as London to Birmingham.

Both London and Houston seem to have metro areas of maybe almost 100km in diameter.
Yes. We've reverted the title now (submitted title was "On the myth versus reality of 10x engineers").

"Please use the original title, unless it is misleading or linkbait; don't editorialize."

https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
For me worst system that I had to fix and I had to save the company from losing only paying customer didn't have any of controls.

It was just bunch of freelancers doing what they wanted and paid in gold.

Right now as company is growing I consider leaving from time to time because people we now hired start creating bureaucracy that I would never go into.

Well I definitely introduced process into company - but as I see it there must be some absolute baseline tickets/repo/CI/CD for standards and at least weekly meeting.

I also agree that for a lot of software requiring unit testing (a lot of people writing bs tests just to pass review), requiring 2 or 3 people to sign off PR is just something I would not recommend.
If someone is claiming the garbage collection means freedom from data races, they are unambiguously wrong.

Garbage collectors solve double-free bugs and usually memory leaks due to cyclic references.
May be the algorithm calculated that blocking just that one innocent account would save the Earth from a future catastrophe.
Thank you for sharing. I've considered the suburbs, but noticed that they are limited in amenities, require significant driving, and tend to get lonely. And do I need to mention the elevated risk of school shootings?

Even if you try to meet in the middle–such as a small, walkable college town–it seems they also have issues, e.g. being rife with belligerent, violent drunks because alcohol is paramount to the "college experience" and virtue signaling is at all-time highs.

Europeans tend to hold their liquor better because it's introduced earlier on. I've also yet to see dominance displays[1] used to signal high status, a behavior akin to primates. I attribute this to sexual competition, which isn't as stressful in Europe because of more lax attitudes towards sexuality and stricter penalties/attitudes towards violence.

I personally think the best option is to make your money in the U.S., or have a thriving business that can be operated remotely, then move ~15 minutes outside of a European or Asian city center, though I'm open to alternatives.

[1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zhgwy9y5ttA
Same experience in high-school using Derive [1] I couldn't believe a computer could derive better than a human student. I was talking about the 90s and it was not about neural networks but symbolic deductions.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derive_(computer_algebra_syste....
Tesla leads the world in driving fatalities related to AP and FSD-type systems.

The entire rest of the industry has 1 fatality. Tesla has dozens, and 14 of those are old enough (and located in the right country) to be part of this investigation. (The multiple Tesla autopilot/FSD fatalities from 2022, including the 3 from last month, are not part of this investigation.)
> As long as you are actually paying for the electricity and energy you are consuming.

For starters the price of electricity is not at all capturing all the negative externalities of generating that electricity. A miner paying a utility bill is not paying the entire cost of the energy used for mining.

Second, the vast majority of "work" performed by Proof of Work schemes is literally thrown away. It has absolutely zero utility and so is in the most literal sense just wasted electricity. Not only do they require waste but by design require increasing amounts of waste as the networks scale. They're not designed to improve or get more efficient.

Unless you're just running a game idly in the background, idling an SUV in the driveway, or idling a jet on the tarmac they're not wasting the resources used to run. They're serving at least some utility. An SUV or jet to Vegas might not be the best use of fuel for the task but they're not just wasting it. Neither an SUV or jet burns coal so even their energy usage has fewer negative externalities than a majority of blockchain miners.

Proof of Stake has been coming Real Soon Now to Ethereum for a few years now. It's still not here. Even with PoS it doesn't help matters if a majority of coins are still PoW and continue burning an Argentina worth of power.
If you get a phone with 2 sim cards you can use one only for WhatsApp and the other for everything else.

I was even able to use WhatsApp while abroad and my sim card not working for a month, it might be only needed for setting up WhatsApp once at the start and then swap the card.
New LG's commercial line (Hospitality) is mostly a smart TV with no apps visible (no option to launch it). They just disable apps on the cheaper version.

My non-smart LG commercial TV has an Ethernet port. As a curious person, I connected to the network. It started pinging LG servers. I was able to launch Youtube on the TV from the network. Once the app is open, I could use remote to control it.
Could you point me to where in the regulations it says you must have a duplicate paper trail? A PR is already a paper trail...
The average level is so much higher, or, really much more well known now than in the early 19xx’s. People will be hard pressed to duplicate his 1905 output, but somebody like Feynman has the social impact of Einstein. Bardeen won two Nobel prizes in physics (transistor and superconducting), and that’s not too shabby. Sagan didn’t operate at this level but he had the impact on society of “a scientist” so he also must be considered.

Before ww ii, knowing college graduates was somewhat rare. Now, one can know 100’s of phd’s by just being active in a field. Things that are less rare are less significant.
Perhaps they are consultants who gig hop?
Web numbering follows the Fibonacci sequence.
As a Linux user, why would you want a slash in a filename?
Some form of Tesla would exist under this future. TSLA the stock might not.
There are some usability affordances in macos that are quite nice.

For example something as simple as copy and paste is command-c, everywhere.

In Ubuntu? control-c or control-shift-c. It is pretty annoying being in autopilot and killing the command line program you are in because you reflexively hit control-c.

Also, readline shortcuts work through out, so control-a will send you to the start of a line. Not with Ubuntu.
I see they have.

OP, there's a trick to navigating bureaucracies, you just bounced off the armour.

You need an insider, someone you can have an off-the-record chat with.
Perhaps the use case, companies are willing to shell out more than a price concious individual.
> TLDR: 2022 and we are still stuck with 100Mbit adapters on macOS

That’s something of an exaggeration. There are a bunch of macs that ship with perfectly good 10GigE ethernet adapters - my Mac Pro's ethernet has been rock solid since the day I bought it.

It seems like you’re more specifically concerned with the quality of support for USB<->ethernet adapters, which is always going to be kind of a crapshoot if you’re looking for 24/7/365 connection stability (on a laptop?)
Can you describe some of these patterns for someone at a SCRUM feature factory with no CI/CD
I wouldn't say that, it's OK to be skeptical, even necessary sometimes, and I guess she is doing some useful work in some cases. But... well I can only hope her point of view won't become more popular.
Great links, thanks!

The North Carolina ones I wouldn't quite consider a suburb, given the large forested areas and huge lots, that's pretty rural already.

The VA and OK ones are good examples! At least the roads seem nice for cycling.

Las Vegas seems particularly hellish, with the heat probably wouldn't even cycle these routes.
I don't think there was any high horsing that took place or was implied. I recommend you don't leave comments such as that one you just left since it comes across as rude.
The MFG make more money on selling ads to you than you pay for the TV.
> We story pointed and those metrics were only ever seen and used by us

That seems to be the exception rather than the rule in my head experience. Even still, what concrete value comes from assigning fairly arbitrary effort estimates in this fashion?

> but I do take light exception when people shit on it an go on to describe a process that is alien to me

Respectfully, I’ve seen a bunch of scrum implementations and attempts in that direction and they have a lot of overlapping pathologies. I’ve also gone to the source material. IMHO scrum simply wastes time on meetings that give a false sense of visibility and create a lot of negative incentives. For those costs, I’ve never seen a return that was worth the trade off.

It sounds very much like you were doing some flavor of XP with a few scrum meetings sprinkled in. This isn’t the process scrum evangelists and consultants are pushing. But I’d still argue that most story pointing meetings are wasteful.
Deployed within 2 minutes of host of PRC ordnance. This is the kind of expensive platforms US doesn't want TW to pursue because it's a money sink relative to insurgent porcupine capabilties - to the point of vetoing TW military purchase decisions that doesn't contribute to US vision/strategy for TW - one where TW fight like insurgents and get droned to dust. At the end of the day, it's about domestic politics, expensive high tech platforms provides politicians photo ops of a modern military that might have a chance to ignorant voters vs adopting strategy to convincing constituents to get slaughtered like Taliban. Ergo TW continusouly developing mid/high tier indigenous platforms while seeking to import other flashy weapons that won't survive the first hours of a cross-strait air campaign.
If true, this is an excellent chance for white hat flooding.

Knock, and keep that ip offline. With no way to change locationation(DNS), their little ad sceme won't work.

Even better if it makes companies shy about using such methods.
> But aside from the flat statement do you have anything to back it up?

Well, here's a comment from elsewhere in the thread:

> If you can do one thing now, watch this Veritasium video to disprove the myth that you’re a visual learner: https://youtu.be/rhgwIhB58PA.

( https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=31707314 )

I haven't watched the video, but, like your parent comment, I was already aware that "learning styles" was a research area supported almost exclusively by fraud. If you want more links, you can find them pretty easily through https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Learning_styles#Criticism .
Better Search Using AI
Semantic Search and Answering is not widely adopted, because of the cost, complexity, and lack of accuracy. At Semantic.app we’ve built the best hosted semantic search engine and here’s how we’ve done it.

Embedding: the process of converting text into a tensor (read vector). This can be done on documents, sentences, or words depending on what you are trying to accomplish. When you upload data. We create a tiered embedding system. We use word embeddings on key words using T5 (google) to create keywords, and also dense vector embeddings for each document using GPT-3 (the model depends on document size).

Search; Keywords are important for search, and how you choose to index can affect search speeds, especially when they are computationally complex. Rather than dotting potentially millions of vectors with an embedded query (using gpt3 asymmetric search), we’ve found using a keyword matching algorithm then a nearest neighbor search (like FAISS) to produce the best results.

Next we cluster the top n results using a Bayesian classifier - realistically the answer can be in any of the top few documents and choosing the top one naively is “lucky”, as vector embeddings no matter how good are at best approximate. We take our top cluster and break it down into semantic chunks (we’ve coined “chunkify”, using a custom GPT 3 model) and use a sentence level embedder to find the most relevant chunk, which we return for search.

For answering we use a classifier to detect what length of answer we expect (like “when..” may anticipate a short date, but “why” might indicate a longer response needed) and we pick the right model. We then use word embeddings to find the most relevant terms in the answer as well as the sentence embeddings in the previous paragraph to weight certain words and phrases the model (usually GPT or BERT) should spit out. We also use a custom model to ensure that the answer is only contained within the text (Large Models can leak answers) and filter/reask the question to the model.
> In the long run, Germany doesn't matter anyway, that's the good news.

I think this is VERY wrong if you believe in the severeness of (man made) climate change. It does indeed not matter as a share of emissions but if developed countries can not pull it off in a profitable way (or at least without loosing too much prosperity) the no other countries will follow (unless the WEF archieves to assemble their authoritarian super power to force everyone to comply)
I bought a low end RCA 4K tv from Wal-Mart at the start of the pandemic that has no smart features. It does have a USB port but doesn't appear to be able to do anything with it. There's nothing online. The on screen menus are sluggish but if you don't change settings often, that's not much of an issue.
Cloned crayfish accidentally created in an aquarium are conquering the world
Thought that’s what a coo was for? Somebody to organize the head shed such that the commander (err, ceo) has all everything at their fingerprints and that things move in the direction of the CEO’s vision.
> Scrum is great for teams composed of new developers who don't yet know how to work together, or teams at companies with poor culture.

Those are just low-immunity weakened places that Scrum is able to infect.
The whole concept is flawed.

We cannot expect humans to be able to pay attention and be able to take over at a moment's notice at all times, simply because that's not how our brains work.

Autopilot is in the danger zone, where it's good enough to make your brain relax, but it's bad enough to require your brain to not do that. So it's fundamentally unsafe.

Cruise control in contrast isn't good enough so your brain will have to pay attention, otherwise you'll crash very quickly.

And this is all made much, much worse by Elon's and Tesla's irresponsible marketing, and the believers who dismiss this as a "worthless discussion".
Veritasium has a very good video on the subject.[0] Sources are in the description but I might as well post them here.

Pashler, H., McDaniel, M., Rohrer, D., & Bjork, R. (2008). Learning styles: Concepts and evidence. Psychological science in the public interest, 9(3), 105-119. — https://ve42.co/Pashler2008

Willingham, D. T., Hughes, E. M., & Dobolyi, D. G. (2015). The scientific status of learning styles theories. Teaching of Psychology, 42(3), 266-271. — https://ve42.co/Willingham

Massa, L. J., & Mayer, R. E. (2006). Testing the ATI hypothesis: Should multimedia instruction accommodate verbalizer-visualizer cognitive style?. Learning and Individual Differences, 16(4), 321-335. — https://ve42.co/Massa2006

Riener, C., & Willingham, D. (2010). The myth of learning styles. Change: The magazine of higher learning, 42(5), 32-35.— https://ve42.co/Riener2010

Husmann, P. R., & O'Loughlin, V. D. (2019). Another nail in the coffin for learning styles? Disparities among undergraduate anatomy students’ study strategies, class performance, and reported VARK learning styles. Anatomical sciences education, 12(1), 6-19. — https://ve42.co/Husmann2019

Snider, V. E., & Roehl, R. (2007). Teachers’ beliefs about pedagogy and related issues. Psychology in the Schools, 44, 873–886. doi:10.1002/pits.20272 — https://ve42.co/Snider2007

Fleming, N., & Baume, D. (2006). Learning Styles Again: VARKing up the right tree!. Educational developments, 7(4), 4. — https://ve42.co/Fleming2006

Rogowsky, B. A., Calhoun, B. M., & Tallal, P. (2015). Matching learning style to instructional method: Effects on comprehension. Journal of educational psychology, 107(1), 64. — https://ve42.co/Rogowskyetal

Coffield, Frank; Moseley, David; Hall, Elaine; Ecclestone, Kathryn (2004). — https://ve42.co/Coffield2004

Furey, W. (2020). THE STUBBORN MYTH OF LEARNING STYLES. Education Next, 20(3), 8-13. — https://ve42.co/Furey2020

Dunn, R., Beaudry, J. S., & Klavas, A. (2002). Survey of research on learning styles. California Journal of Science Education II (2). — https://ve42.co/Dunn2002

[0] The Biggest Myth In Education https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rhgwIhB58PA
Except the NHS has went through multiple massive reforms. Like the Conservatives instituted one after they came to power in 2010 (after famously promising not to institute a massive top down reform pre-election they promptly went ahead an did probably the largest change since the formation of the NHS)
Honestly, I expect Go to be lumped together with JavaScript in terms of "weird but still in use" languages in the long run.

There are so many surprising footguns and unsafe patterns that it really stands out as a risky language to me. But it has Google's (implied) backing and it works well enough to be used, and the performance is very good in general.

By this point it can probably survive for quite a long time on momentum alone. Which makes it a moderately-safe-to-use-in-a-business language.
Actual real world data says autopilot is on average at least as safe as the average driver in the average car. Of course that’s on average, in many specific situations it’s much worse but conversely it means it’s better in other situations.

How regulators deal with this frankly tricky as the same will likely apply to all self driving systems.
So you need two daisy-chained dongles to get a reliable Ethernet port on your $2000 laptop? Take my money please!
Water Displacement 40
The proper comparison is AP vs. other SAE Level 2 systems throughout the industry.
But you're supposed to be actively driving with autopilot.

I use autopilot every now and then, and when I do, I literally keep my hands on the wheel in a driving position, and my foot resting lightly on the pedal.
Because a very large fraction of people - greater than 90% - use forward slashes in dates, and people like putting dates in filenames.

Nearly all of those people have never seen a filename path written out in text, and wouldn't care if they did.
The Smile: A History
It’s also worth noting Tesla is nearly infamous at this point for making owners sign NDAs in exchange for repairs when their autopilot is likely at fault.