skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Throwing an exception is much slower, but that only happens on error. With option types, you still have to create and return an instance even if successful, and if that causes a heap allocation, you're worse off than exceptions if the success case is much more likely.

That said, it's really an OCaml implementation deficiency - std::optional in C++ is not heap-allocated, for example (although there's still some overhead due to sizeof being larger & possibly not fitting in a single register).

On the other hand, in (C)Python, exceptions behave more or less like in C++ semantically, but under the hood the VM implements it all as error return codes and thread-local "current exception" pointer, which is closer to std::option perf-wise than it is to real exceptions. Hence why performance is rarely a consideration when deciding whether to throw or return in Python, and why exceptions are so idiomatic there.
We'd be better off banning all speech now and later adding a carve-out for statements that I personally like.
All true. But if you're one of the folks who regularly buys a new car, you kind of know that. If you're one who keeps a car as long as you can, you know that too. So you can make, not totally accurate calculations, but calculations that are enough within the ballpark to show you whether transit is an economically interesting alternative.
if you can get the company to do things you think are valuable before you’re making interest payments on money you borrowed to buy it, that makes a lot of sense.

wtf knows if that’s what’s going on.
American express may be the best damn card that's not accepted anywhere I transact my business so in the end it doesn't matter how good American express is. It's a piece of plastic for the good it does me. Same with all crypto. Even if I was invested fully, there's still approaching zero of the number of purchases that I make that would ever be viable using crypto. The gold standard answers in this chat about big purchases are even more egregious. The ability for big money exchange without recourse spells disaster. The ability for big purchases which could be cheaper on crypto platforms also subjects that stored value to huge value shifts daily. Maybe in countries that are even more screwed up than crypto volatility there may be some sort of hedge assuming leaders don't lock you up for using them.
How is crypto any better at doing this than say, Western Union?

Ultimately, as someone who finds blockchain technology really cool, what I struggle with is, in which scenarios is blockchain better than Postgres?
If I turned on cruise control in my previous car and took a nap it'd happily drive me into the rear end of the car in front of me, or off the road. Where's the outrage over cruise control? And again, I'm highly confident that plenty of people do get in collisions while they're neglectfully driving on cruise control, but those incidents don't catch headlines.

Tesla does have safeguards to prevent people from dozing off on autopilot: there's sensors on the steering wheel, and apparently some models have front facing cameras. Some people put weights on the steering wheels, but at that point people are taking deliberate efforts to bypass safeguards. If someone jams a shim in their microwave latch, they can turn it on while the door is open and fry themselves. That's comparable to putting weights on Tesla's steering wheel.
Max spec wouldn’t make a difference. 7 years later, still slow.
I do not think this is a good example. You and OP are making two orthogonal points (both of which are good, but not both apply to Bosonic Sampling).

1. You were making an argument about analog computers. There is big difference between a digital computer and an analog simulator. See this comics https://www.smbc-comics.com/comic/2013-07-19 -- We have went through this with classical computers over the last 100 years. The first computers were analog simulators that were just rescaled physical experiments: instead of measuring the flow of a river you made a scale model; instead of measuring the trajectory of a bomb you made an analog electronic model. These computers were great time-savers, but they were single-purpose and not "scalable" (i.e. the precision of their results was very limited due to fundamental physical reasons). When digital computers become sophisticated enough, we stopped using analog computers: a digital fluid model of the river is better than an analog scale model because by "just" increasing the mesh resolution you get more precise results, infeasible in the analog case; the digital bomb trajectory simulator is better because by "just" adding a new term and changing a data type you get more realistic results. Basically, digital computers are (a) scalable and (b) reprogrammable. Analog computers are not -- they are just rescaled physical experiments. Much of quantum computation today is just that: an analog experiment too far from the digital regime.

2. The point that OP was making is that Boson sampling, while it can be considered "digital" and "programmable" is too "boring". It shows a computation that can not be done by a classical computer efficiently, but the computation itself is just some silly sampling problem from a probability distribution that we would probably never care about. However, to me at least, it is a very big deal that we can reprogram (change the parameters) on the fly the probability distribution. And it is an even bigger deal that this is a scalable computation: a simple analog computer just starts giving chaotic results when you add too many degrees of freedom, unlike here where you start sampling from even more complicated distributions.
Alright, this comment thread has some potential R* devs. (Jokes jokes)
Cranelift is a general-purpose compiler like LLVM is, but its goals are different: it is targeted toward applications like JITs where faster compilation is important. It is intended to be a peer of browser JITs' optimizing tiers. In our README [0] we link some results where we're ~14% slower than LLVM but with ~10x faster compilation.

We also have an explicit focus on correctness, simplicity, and verification. One could argue that in practice LLVM is used everywhere and has dozens of active core contributors, that bugs and missed optimizations are shallow at that scale, and it's hard to compete with that; and there is some merit in that... but our codebase is two orders of magnitude smaller, and we're actively engaging with academics and designing things -- our lowering DSL, our regalloc's symbolic verifier, our fuzzing-first approach -- to get the most mileage we can out of our efforts. It seems to be working OK so far!

[0] https://github.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/blob/main/crane...
I would totally do that.
The best Usenet providers:

https://www.tomsguide.com/best-picks/the-best-usenet-provide...

I haven't test any of them but it SEEMS like Usenet is alive and kicking...
If it is important wouldn’t you want to do it?

It’s not like flipping a switch, how matters, as does following up on effectiveness and so on. I would think someone planning to run the company would want to do it right…
I don't see why you got downvoted, maybe by a resentful droog or two. This is a fantastic addendum.
Sounds like the work of Bret Victor.
DZone is like this, with different Zones and then with tags that get pretty specific. https://dzone.com/cloud-computing-tutorials-tools-news
The solution is for ICs to stick their necks out, go over the product manager's head, and ignore the org chart? Not get a new product manager who cares about the product?
It was also already built. The clone is easier to make
Europe is pretty small - just pick a small subset of the US that meets your needs and enjoy it. The US has a huge variety. If a small section is good, you don't need the rest to change.
Aside from being phisical I think it has also to do with real time play and the easier ability to enter flow state. And nowadays with all the dev stacks, frameworks, cloud platforms and all the other noise, with coding it has become harder reach that zone. I don’t do woodwork but paint and I imagine it registers quite close to woodworking. Enjoy the experience.
Which at the end of the day still doesn't test that you can do the job.
Interestingly, woodworking is where I get to apply math, 3d modeling, drawing, and other things I dreamed tech would let me do. As a software engineer I don’t do many of the things I envisioned, at least not the way I hoped, so woodworking scratched the itches still.

I got into woodworking as my first real job. It’s such a great pastime too, though. Just like this post says.

Something I highly recommend if you find woodworking too expensive is to look into what you can do with basic hand tools and found wood. Try making spoons from green wood, for example. If you can get into it, it’s practically free and incredibly gratifying.

There are plenty of cool things you can make and even gift to people without a single power tool.
You can just ask "tweets for which the Unix timestamp mod 97 = 21", which is easy to verify and will smooth out any conceivable selection bias.
The Begging Song of Grand Mamou
This sounds like the qualifying examination.

In my phd experience in the USA we had oral qualifying examinations which involved whiteboard derivations. The thesis defense after writing was really mostly focused on probing the results in the thesis.
In the same way as someone keeping their savings in cash under their mattress deserves to lose everything or in a different way?
What distro were you using?
It would require P=NP (widely assumed to be false) and the nonexistence of one-way functions (actually an even stronger assumption). Any one-way function can be used as a PRNG, and it's computationally infeasible to distinguish that from a true random number generator, almost by definition.
Seriously! I’d pay $50 for one of those 100 game ROMs but I sure as heck wouldn’t buy 99 of the games at retail prices!!!
I respect that, but tbh I get a kick out using Svelte repl to generate SVG that I use in my CNC machine to cut wood. Feels fun to use software for some non-business purposes.
His Tesla collateral with Morgan Stanley was dropped two weeks ago (granted he has/had to come up with another $6B as I recall). But the issue I was replying directly to was a call to bankruptcy, I'm not claiming he can't be financially burned by this deal (seems pricey in the first place for a clown car that landed in a gold mine [1], especially in the macro context), I just don't see the path to bankruptcy specifically.

1: https://www.huffpost.com/entry/zuckerberg-twitter_n_4256014
Your stake is really growing relative to the total supply as fast as a smaller holder's though. Like anything, rich have more opportunities to get richer, but I don't think these problems are specifically egregious in PoS. For chains which have on-chain governance, there's also the possibility that large holders will vote to change distribution in ways that favor them (though this hasn't happened yet), but this is a problem with any vote-by-stake system (imagine if equity share-holders could vote for larger shareholders to get more dividends).

And there are theoretical solutions to this as well; projects like Bright-ID are working on proof-of-identity / proof-of-humanity.. maybe we'll see a proof-of-stake blockchain with governance tied to identity in the future? This could even be combined with zero-knowledge to ensure voters are unique humans without making their wallet<->identity associations publicly discoverable (though there may be situations where this is desireable as well)
Ideally, we could have started building out solar in 1989, and would have had today's PV prices by the '90s, and would be well along to mitigating the climate catastrophe now. But we chose otherwise.

Starting nuke construction now would just be kicking the can down the road again.
> Many of those most expensive films spent much of their budgets on major actors. That’s a function of Hollywood accounting where actors need to be paid upfront for the potential value of the income generated rather than paid based on how well a film does.

A brief Google safari suggests that while this may sometimes be the case, it's far from universal, and can't really account for the overwhelming trend of recent films appearing on the list I posted.

So where's the source? Where's the inflation-adjusted budget breakdown equivalent of what I posted?

Relevant Wiki page with a handful of budget breakdowns: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film_budgeting
out of curiosity — since it sounds like you might have been working on promotional or unsolicited email — did you ever see responses from your emails?

i’ve been responding to marketing emails recently — often CC’ing generic accounts like marketing@company, help@company, etc to try to reach actual humans in the loop. the process has been fascinating to me and the number of (intentional or unintentional) choke-points makes me wonder if — even in the more enlightened organizations i’ve worked in — i could ever stand a chance of understanding our email campaigns, inside and out.
Rules are rules I guess? Seems kinda outrageous
He's a little weird/rude in those clips but there is no vindictiveness behind it. He was great in Cosmos.
It’s true that Thai curry is a one use item. But have you tried eating an iPhone?
Gosh, Dolphin never ceases to amaze me. This must be one of the most user-focused open source projects out there. Their updates are such a joy to read, and the community is incredibly welcoming. Well done Dolphin-emu team!
which argument do you find to be an "edge case"? My main argument in favor of crypto is the democratization of finance and leveling the playing field, which as we can already see crypto generally only has real benefits to the poor - for rich it's just a speculative play, but for the poor it can mean the difference between getting paid across borders without corruption stealing your money or being able to save wealth when banks won't help you out of lock you out.
Sriracha lovers burned as maker halts production due to pepper shortage
So when windows blue screens 67,000 times and we have to wait 100s for a reboot (78 people years) is that the equivalent of an auto manufacturer killing someone?

They didn’t do their job, and now the world is on hold for them. No, life goes on.
The war of art by pressfield is worth reading more than once.
Most costs are actually wholly-legal corruption, charged to various other accounts.
In most of the US, not having a car at all places you in a severe hardship. Public transit is usually underfunded or scarce. Daily life needs extra planning, effort, and time.

So a car may be purchased based on pure utility, or for uncommon but plausible capabilities, or for luxury or status.
Do a search in the same document for "Specific Performance".
If I were trying to very simply estimate pct of tweets attributable to bots[0] based only on tweet content I'd do these things:
-find (near) duplicate tweets reposted many times
-look at responses to famous people
-look for certain verticals experts know to be bot heavy

[0] btw I bet Elon and Twitter disagree on the definition of "bot." Is a low paid human worker who tweets spam and scams all day a "bot*?
This whole spectacle is becoming a bit of a circus of late. I feel it's a nice distraction, but it's detracting from coverage of other serious topics. Ah well.
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Twitter didn't bluff. They qualified the 5% by saying it may be wrong because it's difficult to quantify, and offered Musk to run his own metrics before signing the deal, which he refused.
It would have happened somewhere else, instead, maybe worse. The same flaws were everywhere.

Even that did not prevent Fukushima. Never mind Chernobyl.
Distributed physically but not from an ownership standpoint.
Well they turned it off and now San Francisco is happening; I haven’t seen many viable alternatives that appear to be working at scale.
Ah, yeah. I see what you mean.

I run a K8s cluster at home (I also work with AWS EKS) and in a lot of ways I see the upsides of what you gain with K8s. I also see why a ton of people won't ever need the complexity of K8s and I can see how the complexity/downsides would outweigh the benefits in the majority of situations.
The Economics of Motorcycle Safety
Although it may have only taken a week to create the initial version of Git the amount of polish and documentation required to get it to something someone like me who's not a kernel developer was a lot more than a week's worth of work. You may be able to get 80% of the functionality in 20% of the time but it's that last 20% of functionality that gives software enough polish to actually be used by someone who doesn't have an incredibly specific reason to figure out how to use the unpolished software.
This tool would be great for making sure that unauthorized users should not be changing the supply chain for users of git. But, what this won’t do is solving the problem of authorized users intentionally breaking software. A solution for that would be for you to audit what software you are including and not mindlessly updating software. Also, checking hashes of what you are pulling from an external source or even hosting a package repository yourself.
I like woodworking because it takes me away from the world of purely mental, metal things. It also doesn't hurt at all that it was the profession Jesus worked before fulfilling the Messianic prophecy.

I also find the products of my work aesthetically pleasing or useful. I am very happy, grateful to be able-bodied to do any amount of woodworking. I hope everyone else gets to enjoy something like that feeling for even just a minute.
> how subjective "owning your platform" can be

I think your point is a good one, but I don't entirely agree. I think the comment you were replying to suggests an objective criterion:

> CDN is pretty interchangeable and easy to switch between

So I think there is a real basis by which you can objectively decide how much of your platform you need to own. Outsource commodity components (Linux servers, CDN and static hosting, managed database as a service maybe?) but don't get locked into proprietary components (hypothetical e.g.: writing all your blog posts in the Medium editor, where you can't access the source if they remove the "export as markdown" button).

Of course there are nuances, and we can argue over exactly how commodified a particular capability is, but I don't think that makes it subjective. Maybe each person prefers different tradeoffs on a subjective basis, but can probably regard the facts objectively (e.g. count the number of managed database providers, decide it's acceptably commodified, but still run your own database server anyway because it's interesting).
For me, Thunderbird's number one defect is that it is unable to show threads unless you view all your accounts under one combined inbox. And it's not only a major defect but an absurd one as well.
i forget but over $100, under $200. I buy the cheapest android phone they have in stock at the T-mobile store.

I notice all the Android phones I use have moments of horrible lag, and unresponsiveness. But for for the most part it gets the job done. I'm thinking of switching to an iPhone for better performance, but at the same time I like treating the phone as a disposable thing instead of an heirloom. Android is good for that cheap disposability.
Yeah, my understanding of the faraday cage property is that it equalizes the charge across the surface.

Whether that charge is equal to ground or not is irrelevant I thought.

I will make the sacrifice tonight and eat a packet of chips for testing I guess. It is a hard life.
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Musk has one of the top AI researchers of his generation working for him(Karpathy). In general is rich enough to hire anyone he wants for consultation.

I’m boggled by the extent to which people mind-read Musk through his tweets. To me it’s obvious that his Twitter is an outlet for stress busting and banter, like smoke breaks.
Not true, see tor.us
Stop When It's Good
To be fair, I think most users of Postgres hold it to a higher standard than the software they write themselves, and reasonably so.

Postgres has developed a sterling reputation for reliability, and this does tarnish it somewhat. (Not by much in my personal view, but not zero either).
Yeah, this is me. The main reason I don’t have any personal programming projects is because all of my free time is taken up with family and woodworking. I’m on sabbatical right now and I’m spending almost all my time in my workshop.
Re: Error in Localtime(time) Function
I am 100% sure that it is definitely probably maybe a bot.
I mostly play with metalwork as a hobby. But I did make some of my furniture, mostly because I couldn't find what I wanted (bed, workbench), or because I wanted to build them in-place (bookshelves, different workbench, some storage).

The furniture thus far as been mainly functional - not that it is unattractive, but it is all very form-follows function. I rather like that in general, but also see my mistakes and room for improvement. But then I'm probably moving soon, and may well need to rethink and downsize furniture anyway.
> monetizable users that are bots, i.e., users that actually get shown ads.

Am I understanding this right? I would assume no matter how many ads you show a bot, they wouldn't end up buying anything. Or is the point that that those ad sales are not a reliable source of income since the people buying them would likely decide they weren't getting a good enough return?
Yes, VCs care more about the people behind the company than what the company does. Projects , products, and ideas evolve and the founders need to be adaptable. VCs don't always know the founders well, but they see a ton of founders and have learned to discern.

The personal network is often more used by founders, who provide introductions to investors. You have to be social to be a founder, which is really why networks are more noticeable therein.
MITMing and filtering or blocking fragments of a request.
> The open source is against the free source by deliberating allow commerical software.

Again, and to put it even more clearly... you're very wrong.

Source, from the actual "Free source" people you're talking about:

https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/selling.html

> Read history guys. I even did a master thesis cf the two.

Interesting. Is your master thesis available for me to take a look at?

I'd be interested in seeing how and why you arrived at your current viewpoint.
Ok but it does tho - all other things being equal and you better believe it they do have other type of interviews not just lc