skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> How is it mostly protectionism?

Seriously? The clear leader for a decade has been Tesla, which is based in the US.

Chademo also has a lot of traction and is dominant in Japan and parts of east Asia.

CCS is popular in Europe (along with Tesla).

The EU mandated that all must use CCS, which has never been dominant in terms of technology or market share. It's blatant protectionism.
Ask HN: How do you keep personal modifications to a public repo private?
When I work on a someone else's public repo I might add a little extra
scaffolding around it like:

* Scripts to install/configure any prerequisites for my distro
* Scripts to launch a VM/container to work inside
* Editor/IDE config files to setup the project's linting/testing etc

It's not useful to anyone else, it should stay on my machine. But I:

* Don't want to change the repos .gitignore
* Still want to use source control on these files

Are there any tools out there to help? How do you solve this?
People who can do leetcode challenges are only roughly correlated with great engineers.

The more I learn about software development the more I try to _not_ have leet code style parts in my code - in the very rare circumstances would I see something like that and say - yes there is _no_ other library out there that has a battle tested algo to solve this particular problem, _and I have to code my own_.

Worse people who excel at Leet Code could start to bring that sort of thing into your codebases, optimising small parts of your code to perfection, and then leaving the whole thing a mess or just plain reject to work on solving business issues and concentrate on polishing their small bit of algorithm.

Of corse there are positions where that sort of mindset is welcome and sought after. Especially in very big companies, but for the most developers out there leet code is _just_ for the interview part and they would (should) never use that kind of problem solving in their day-to-day work.

When I have to interview somebody, and there's leet code involved:

a) they are _really_ comfortable with those types of challenges - that tells me they have spent a lot of time preparing - either for this interview or just generally, either way that wouldn't _really_ tell me much about their problem solving skills

b) they feel uncomfortable and fail to solve anything due to stress or anxiety - again no really knowledge gained, as real-world work environments tend to try to minimise those, at least in the places where I work in.

c) they feel uncomfortable but get the hang of it - now I _might_ have a glimpse of their problem solving skills, but I've put a human being in a very uncomfortable position just to _test_ them. There _has_ to be a better way.

The way I like to conduct interviews where possible is to ask people to walk you through some of the code they've written and ask various questions about decisions - much more relaxed and I still get the sense of how they organise their stuff and how they work.

If that's not possible - a take home task or something. Or even "hire fast fire fast" approach works too.
On analog satellite, Canal+ had analog stereo (not NICAM) not scrambled audio, much better than the AM distorded signal on terrestrial tv.
It's been a long time since I used Deluge and found that bug, but I think you're correct.

Nowadays I follow your advice and use a third-party option.
> TBH I have a hard time understanding why people choose to run windows at all

I use Windows and Linux equally as often, and I don't see this changing. There are some areas in which Windows itself is far superior, e.g:

- HiDPI and font rendering (ClearType is the best font AA solution I've ever seen);

- gaming and 3D graphics (Direct3D is a straightforward API to program with; OpenGL is 'deprecated', and Vulkan is a mess);

- multi-GPU support with Optimus and related switching technologies;

- a catch-all OS API to program with (WinAPI goes as far as handling user folders, libraries, application configuration and data[0], whereas on Linux land it's just a mess of hopefully-defined environment variables and if not, everything is dumped into a dotfile/dotdir);

- a nice shell[1] (IMO, superior to bash and friends) that is bundled with the OS to manage said OS, with object-oriented data throughput, strong(er) typing, and access to the .NET library;

- as of Windows 11, increasingly unifying UI/UX experience with WinUI 3 (yes, it was a mess with Windows 8 and 10; Vista and 7 were the most recent OSes to drastically change the 'desktop environment', and Windows 8 was a very mild reskin of Windows 7, all things considered);

- powerful ACL-based permissions model and 'hidden file' metadata bit, instead of expecting a dot prefix to mean 'hidden';

- a kernel structure that makes writing third-party device drivers straightforward, because there is no need to compile out-of-kernel drivers with headers;

- vastly improved touchpad handling compared to Linux (yes, OS X is better still, but given that it will be increasingly difficult to 'hackintosh' after Apple's move to ARM, this is a moot point);

Furthermore:

- there are some software that are either industry-standard, or superior to the competition that only run on Windows/OS X, or even only on Windows (e.g. MS Office, Adobe suite, Visual Studio, Autodesk Maya/CAD; Active Directory);

- there is less incentive to run Linux bare-metal when WSL2 exists;

- Windows still holds a supermajority of desktop users, and it would do well for developers to use the OS that their users use, aka dog-fooding.

I have never understood this hardcore anti-Windows dogma that so many hackers seem to have.

[0]: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/shell/knownfo...

[1]: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/
Linux doesn't inspire anyone to create new end-user apps (with the exception of Blender and Krita, which were started well over ten years ago).

Maybe it's because the community is full of people who see any change as an attack on how we used to do things, breaking the UNIX philosophy, etc.? This closed-mindedness leads to thinking like:

Instead, we're loosing the apps we had, and march towards dumb UIs and needlessly containerized apps a la snap/flatpack.

There is a lot of innovation in this space. OSTree (which is also used by Flatpak), replaces the old Unix filesystem model by something that is exciting and much better (atomic upgrades, rollbacks, signed system images, etc.). Flatpak itself finally makes it much easier to deploy desktop applications, which is long-needed to extend Linux beyond the traditional UNIX crowd.
LocalCDN is an actually maintained fork of this.

https://www.localcdn.org/
Because Leetcode hard is simple…
Fortunately there's an (unofficial) web service API: https://pi.delivery/#apipi_get :)
> So how can you say some other aspect is more important :-)

My opinions only :-)

> (Please provide some explanation of what you think is important about " method is the basic unit".)

I think it has many interesting consequences. The methods have only a few explicit dependencies required for compilation; they are not dependent on each other, they may be loaded and presented in any order, and the compilation is very fast. As I said, it may be comparable to having every small method in a single file. With such a setup, the code editor itself starts to lose its importance - everything on the level of notepad basically does its job. You need to focus more on the processing of the code as code objects graph. Not as a text file to edit, which may be an important shift in thinking.

Incremental compilation is not related to that directly. And yes, you still need a way how to define classes which Smalltalk file-out format does do as simple do-its, which is not a fortunate solution for statical analysis of the given file.
> I'm always skeptical of the idea that the past is something to revere. Society as a whole is much better than it ever has been

You could just as well argue that that's because of the golden age of science. The past is not something to be revered by definition, but there definitely are achievements that deserve our respect. And we might not be as good at keeping society in its current state as one would hope.
Cloudflare is working on getting other platforms on board. There are no perfect solutions, and I think this is better than deciding whether one is human based on whether they can see or hear.
Lock Pioneers of the Past
Just work in a separate branch, keep it on track with the master branch and just don't push it.
A bit of a stretch, but I remarked upon #ACE71C (acetic), which is an oily, vinegary green
Trivially so, I think, maybe even with simple discrete logic and delay lines.
Right, thanks for the explanation!
Why not collaborate with developers of existing code editors such as Xi Editor (https://xi-editor.io) or Lapce (https://lapce.dev) instead of making yet another one?

As for lightweight alternatives to Atom, there is also Lite-XL (https://lite-xl.com).
Tinygo is honestly extremely niche. Similar to circuitpython or micropython I really wouldn't reccomend anything but hobby toys to be written in it.
How Terraform Works: A Visual Intro [Illustrations]
Even in the 90s, having a video input port was quite rare. It was actually a big plus of the mac of the time, they came by default with a lot of ports that were optional and required addon cards on PC: 16bit audio jack, scsi, RCA ports, etc.

Ironic given that it is now the other way.
Benefit #175 of having some kind of open source project in your company: you can open all types of different issues and user stories, and use them to discuss with candidates. You can even attach bounties to them so that candidates don't feel like they are doing free work, and it would still be cheaper than paying a recruiter that will likely just source candidates by spamming different sites.
> The amount of app code to solve the same problems without them is orders of magnitude more plentiful and complex, which is why we avoid it.

The amount of application code to write to a filesystem is... zero.

The amount of application code required to setup a webserver in Java Spring is... zero.

Not sure what Kinesis does, but the amount of application code required to connect to a database is zero (spring), to connect to a rabbitmq/kafka is zero (spring).

And the best part is, it is less complex, mostly open source, and locally runnable compared to the Amazon rube goldberg machine.
Oh, so it is. I retract my comment. In that case it seems like a pretty stupid designation to me.
Games and films are both an exercise in project management.

Films are an exercise in getting everything you need in your 70 or so days of filming. The days you've rented the exorbitantly expensive cameras, trailers, lights, etc.

Games are similar, except over a few years.

Only the auteur leadership model is able to make those project management tradeoffs quickly, under a lot of stress, and well, to deliver high quality output.
Leetcode should only be used for easy problems - FizzBuzz types - where you are checking that the candidate can code at all, probably as the very first round of an interview. This way, I think it is totally fair, including a relatively tight time limit. The harder the problem is, the more you focus on the special skill of leetcoding, and not much else.
Helsinki region public transport authority false nuclear missile alert
I just spin up a VM at Hetzner (or another low cost cloud provider) and code on that. I don't give up any control but can still use a much more standardized environment and easier switch between machines.
I don’t think you even need a VPN, just to set your DNS to 8.8.8.8 or similar:

> The latest version of the list of sites to be blocked does not require us to block any IP addresses, so we are not doing so.
Code-Server can be self-hosted for free, so that would fit your requirements.
James Webb Space Telescope hit by tiny meteorite
Indeed; it actually reminded me of the weird trick discovered by my mom.
Practically all famous Linux distro's offer built in encryption when setting up a new system using luks/dm-crypt. But you don't have to worry about it.

To encrypt a Windows 10 system u can use Veracrypt to boot the whole OS or just a container.

For Windows (Enterprise) you can also use BitLocker by Microsoft although the source code isn't trusted and I believe you have have a more expensive license in order to use it.

Yes you should encrypt your laptop. It's worth it in case you lose a laptop or it gets stolen nobody can read the data.
My experience is that employers refuse to do this (I have dozens of repos, with tens of thousands of lines of code, entire shipping applications, a decade of checkin history, dozens of Web articles, and hundreds of pages of documentation and project planning artifacts). I even had one indicate that “I probably faked it.” It was jaw-dropping.

In fact, I have so much stuff out there, in the public realm (I’ve been doing open-source software for decades), that employers could easily evaluate me technically, without ever contacting me, and all they’d need to find out, is whether or not I’d be a decent team fit.

I suspect that the main reason they ignore my portfolio, is that they have already decided that they aren’t going to hire me, and don’t want to waste their time, reviewing my work.
I really don't like this colour: #DE7E57
Automating Data Protection at Scale, Part 1
> This process loses a lot — for example, this signal is very likely post-HDR-color-processing, and so the result won't look very good on any other screen than the one it was originally told it was going to be played on.

Is this really true? I would expect the post-processing to happen in the TV.
I’ve always wondered if anyone has broken the Sirius XM encryption, in the USA. Since it is available nationwide, and is a unidirectional broadcast system (the radios have no return channel), surely someone out there has figured something out.
I've found that it's relatively easy to figure out if someone is bullshitting. It just takes some work on your end by researching the candidate's application a bit deeper, thinking about relevant questions beforehand, and then drilling down during the conversation. I've hired 'non-silver-tongued' candidates this way, as well as filtered out people who were bullshitting. The key is to actually have a conversation, instead of just letting them produce canned stories and responses.

But, yes, this is more work on the recruiting side.

As a side note, I totally get it why large organizations would use Leetcode though. It does help filter out false positives if you're willing and able to bear the cost of passing on many good candidates.
Okay, now an analogy: Imagine a container vessel and a rowboat. Which of them is more stable, when you alternate their steering angle with a high frequency?
>but what baffles me is that even a lot of smaller companies do this

You named the exact problem with the industry.

No one is going to complain if FAANG does this with top tier, life changing salaries. No one will object to learning and memorizing DS&A at a job where DS&A is used heavily.

What people are upset about is your average no-name company hiring individuals based on things they won't use during the job, of which the knowledge is still incredibly varied[0], and they still complain about not being able to find anyone and play the "woe is me" card.

[0]: Dare I say it, DS&A is such a big topic not everyone learns the same things. Thinking in terms of a tree is different from thinking in terms of a linked list, graph, tree, heap, stack, queue, you name it. Most LC medium/hard require time you won't get, information you might not have. This knowledge isn't as universal among skilled graduates as people like to believe. And we all know the moment candidates are able to just memorize questions about linked lists, hiring will jump to the next topic.
Man, I would rock that so hard and I wish more companies would do this. My current job did a live coding exercise in the interview, which went okay. The interviewer gave me a chance to iterate on the code and improve it after our call and send it by email an hour later. My solution by then was far better than what I'd had at the end of the interview, once I had a chance to gather my thoughts in peace and think everything through thoroughly.
I worked on a project that gave up on local development because of reliance on some cloud database. Frankly sharing a DEV environment between three developers is something I'll never do again. Slowest development iterations I've ever seen. Waiting minutes for tests, builds and then deploys, only to find a trivial issue that localhost would have found in seconds.

Now I'm on a project with serverless components, and it's all runnable locally. With containers there's no excuse for being unable to run on localhost.

It may take time for this to play out across companies, but the ones adopting this way of working are going to lose.
One extra vote for Veracrypt (https://www.veracrypt.fr). It's safe, has passed security audit, gets updated frequently, multi platform support with downloads for all OSes and it's free. Although it supports whole disk encryption, it's more suited for a virtual encrypted disk within a file.
I've checked and at least one airport is missing from the list that I've been too.
Yeah it appear that they made the framework page their home page now, which is much better.
> The same way you don't start a saas app with localization from day one.
Believe it or not, my native language isn't English, so this doesn't make sense to me.
> I'm not blind so for sure I won't really care about accessibility
You should. You're not blind yet. You're not deaf yet. You don't have motor control problems yet. It does not take much to get there. One small accident and your life is changed forever. It's terrifying.
> why not use an ide developed for blind people instead of using the same as non blind people?
Because not only do those not exist, but that seems just a bit silly to me. Most operating systems provide pretty good means to make apps accessible. They usually have API's that, if implemented, will make your app work with whatever assistive tech you may use on that platform. Most apps work on Mac, most apps work on Windows. Linux is sadly another story, but even there we can at least edit text.
What about tutorials? Courses? If we can't use the same software, should we also not be able to do any of them? Should we be locked out of great innovation because we need special software that nobody wants to update? Or worse, locked to one specific platform?

I believe I've said this before, but as sad as it is, every time I hear "Custom UI" I immediately think "Oh great, this won't work". In fact, I'm much more likely to give something a go if it's developed using web technologies. While not perfect, at least I know that there's a chance that it might work. It shouldn't be like that.
In Germany, scummy lawyers spy on your internet traffic with the help of your ISP and send you letters with fines on behalf of small creators like Disney, Warner Bros, BMG, Sony, Universal, etc. if you torrent any of their IP.

Not exactly a model I wish to be followed by other countries.
> how keyboard hostile the apps

Some macos apps have become very mouse hostile too. Example is activity monitor. You cannot right click anywhere. Even though it would be natural to use that for killing a process.
> Who cares when you can accidentally bankrupt your company with the wrong keystroke?

I think it's fair to say millions of AWS customers manage to avoid bankruptcy quite successfully. If you're incapable of following basic best practices, setting billing alarms, and using IaC, I agree AWS is probably not the best choice for you.

> The mistake that people make is assuming AWS can host things better than they can, since they’re only mere mortals: it leads to a sort of learned helplessness where you assume the cost of a thing is it’s true value and not an egregious markup.

Of course they can--they do it all day every day at Internet scale. I don't want to build S3 everywhere I go. I just want to use it. You could call it a "learned helplessness" in the same way that I don't want to build my own RDBMS, either. I'd rather just use Postgres. This is just the next level of abstraction.

> My biggest gripe with these cloud providers (except maybe GCP) is that they promise less ops work and it can be true in the beginning; but over time the ops work becomes basically the same burden except esoteric to the provider.

It really depends on your team and architecture. If you try to be as cloud-agnostic as possible and abstract away AWS from your devs, then absolutely: you're going to be churning through a lot of ops work that feels like it could be done elsewhere. The more cloud-agnostic you try to be, the less value you'll get from AWS. I've seen numerous companies learning this with EKS (hosted Kubernetes).

That's not the only approach, though. The managed services (like S3, Lambda, DynamoDB, and Kinesis) really add a whole lot of value with substantially less code if your devs are willing to use them. They can even cost less, and especially so if you factor in time spent toward development and building/maintaining alternatives.

> But overall, if you know your problem then time to create an instance isn’t very valuable, believe it or not: the majority of workloads are not excessively elastic, at least the upper bound is not unlimited like many people seem to claim.

A lot of time you don't know your problem, and the minimum instance size for a dev environment in a cloud-agnostic architecture can be significant. Scale to zero is a big help not just in deployment time, but also developer productivity and autonomy.

> Apart from that !cloud != self-hosted. There’s plenty of hardware providers that can get you a dozen machines in under an hour; even discounting virtual host providers like vultr and Tulsa.

I acknowledge they exist, but I do think they're a fraction of the market for good reason. The value adds of cloud providers often outweigh the costs and complexity of the undifferentiated heavy lifting needed for necessary feature parity.
Commercial fusion will not be competitively viable at any Q. Even unlimited free heat is not valuable if it costs too much to make power from it. A volcano, earthquake, or hurricane releases many TWh of energy, but not usefully so, for reasons.

Once you start to get enough neutron kinetic energy out, those neutrons have to be captured and their kinetic energy degraded to heat in thousands of tons of molten lithium pumped in big pipes snaking around inside your magnets, which you must then use to boil water and drive a turbine.

The cost of operating such a plant would be at least 10x the equivalent fission plant. But fission is already not competitive, and gets less so every day.

Part of operation would need to be purifying grams of tritium, daily, out of those thousands of tons of radioactive molten lithium, for the fuel needed to continue operating. That might not be possible. No one is even trying it yet.

The power density of your D-T plasma would be much less than fissioning uranium (Th, Pu, etc.), which means you need a great deal of it, and a huge plant. If superconducting magnets squeeze it smaller, you have the problem that all this neutron flux has to come through a wall of limited area, destroying it in short order. Magnets so strong would need thousands of tons of steel to hold them in place, which would weaken rapidly under heavy hot neutron bombardment.

So, the D-T fusion chased is a series of fascinatingly hard technical problems, but there is no plausible prospect of ever getting any commercially valuable power out. And, they are not even safer than a regular nuke; the thousand tons of molten radioactive lithium is hugely inflammable, even explosive, and the smoke turns into radioactive drain opener on contact with anything damp, e.g. lungs.
Because they have enough staff to detect and fix vulnerabilities within hours, if necessary. For a company without these resources (and maybe even larger ones), hiding servers from the internet can greatly reduce your attack surface.