skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
So true. Curve grading works well when the cohort is large and heterogenous. (Like, say, Finnish matriculation exams. >20k people in a single cohort, and each individual exam within the whole thing with at least 5k people in them.)

As far as I'm concerned, curve grading single courses is just as bad as stack ranking at work. And in here, with high concentration of engineers who loathe stack ranking, a disproportionate fraction are somehow in favour of per-course curve grading.

Blind spot? Stockholm syndrome? Go figure.
Not sure how this relates at all to the context. The author of Strong Towns is against engineering design which enables drivers to drive faster at the cost of everyone else's safety. By making roads wider, clearing trees from the edges, rounding out turns, etc, it naturally pushes drivers to drive faster regardless of what the listed speed limit is.

So while speeding drivers and drink drivers are at fault, the engineers who designed a world where they can go as fast as possible are at an even greater fault. Placing highway style roads in residential areas is killing people.
Neat - kind of like mid flaps for planes. Also thank you for teaching me a new word, "cromulent".
> My opinion - remove colleges, bring back guilds.

How do you prevent them from becoming corrupt gatekeepers that maximize their own profits while ignoring learning as much as possible?

"measuring understanding mechanically at scale" is exactly the tool to prevent that.
example.com is actually useful for manual connectivity checks because it doesn't redirect http to https.
> any change or even reflection upon it is a waste of time.

That’s a bit extreme; I interpreted their view as, it’s hard to fix because of intractable issues, but it doesn’t mean we can’t have marginal improvements. Radical upheavals and revamps are sketchy.
Much of practice here can be summarised as: Code should read so that the intent of the programmer is clear.

Omit types where they arent relevant to understanding the code, include them where they are. Good code, then, only arises from good programmers who understand relevance and communication with code.

General prescriptions are no use. There is no correct whitespacing, no correct phrasing, no correct chunking, (and so on). There is only whether you have written code for the audience who will read it.

I suspect much of practice around software eng. here could be improved by peer challenges around program composition.
This is what we do in companies with “train-the-trainer” and with satellite/ambassador engineers/teams.

The only thing I know from education that does something similar is “Jena-plan” in elementary school and Teaching Assistants in uni. Nothing in our high school.
>car-free neighborhoods

Are people in those neighborhoods willing to forgo the hundreds of vehicle trips a month that they will create via their Uber/Lyft/cab trips and Instacart, Amazon, Chewy, Doordash, and Uber Eats orders? Simply outsourcing those car trips to someone else, and leaving them nowhere to stop in the process, is a hypocritical pipe dream.
John Stewart Bell in 1964 proved that broad classes of local hidden-variable theories cannot reproduce the correlations between measurement outcomes that quantum mechanics predicts. The most notable exception is superdeterminism. Superdeterministic hidden-variable theories can be local and yet be compatible with observations.
Just did a self build and apparently ceilings have been rising again - 9, or 10 feet (which brings you back to 3m). Lower-volume rooms do mean less volume to heat or cool though.
I may be missing something, but free functions + namespaces do namespacing better than classes with static methods, no?
When you introduce a typo in a literal you will typically realise at runtime. Referencing a non-existing field won’t make it through compile time. I honestly don’t see the problem with this approach. I would choose better (semantic) names though.
You pass a partially applied function. So, example of php:

$f = fn($x) => f($x, …$deps);

Then I can pass $f to whatever function with its dependencies satisfied.

Edit: fixed example
"Succinctness is power" is illustrated nicely in the array/matrix languages. Code working on time series - switching away from a matrix language seems to increase code size by a factor of x5 - x7 times. It is mentally taxing. What was a word before, is now a sentence.
Are star trek style teleporters a threat to bank vaults?
I'd argue that's not minimalism. A lot of the times it relies on the engineer's intuition: is this trivial enough that it can be copied? If as you say those trivial functions were buggy and nobody saw the red flags while copying so many times by so many engineers, then you have an organizational problem.
Many places block DoT eg the Sky ISP provided router (as it relies on DNS for parental controls) or the WiFi on the London Underground.
I don't think that would scale that well. For one thing the pairing is 2 way, you have to link to every device individually.

And you have to either get things from the original source, or trust the intermediate source, there's no digital signatures.

DAT/Hypercore is pretty close, but doesn't seem to have mass adoption yet.
Not surprising I'm getting hate for this take. Academic douches tend to be lazy and abdicate responsibility. Weak sauce.
Interesting read. I'm an emotionally unstable person, and perfectly aware of that. I've found my tools and mechanisms to handle that. But when COVID hit our company and my team and I had to cope with the changes in culture and environment, I could see the gradual increase of dissatisfaction, reduction of emotional energy, and stress that spread out to every single team member. Some could cope (by slacking 80% of their time), some couldn't, because they had to wear the slackers on their shoulders.

However, I was sure it wasn't just me who suffered. I could feel it hitting the others too, and we even openly talked about it. The job was still interesting, got more challenging and our impact on the health of the company grew. It felt nice, at least to me.

It wasn't big things that made us unhappy, but rather the small stuff. Annoyances, such as missing/stolen computer mice in the office, dirty floors or stale coffee beans in the machines.

The analogy with the 'pebbles' hit me hard.

_Maslach has affectionately named this feeling “pebbles.” She describes them as the tiny, incremental, irritating, and painful stuff at work that can wear you down._
PHP is still used. I don't know if many new apps are written in PHP, or it is used to maintain the large pool of existing PHP apps, but according to Tiobe, Redmonk, PyPl PHP is still widely used.
Indeed, it's plausible enough that I've actually caught students trying to do that.

The problem is: what's the realistic alternative? Just letting cheating happen is also unfair (to students who fail while the cheater passes). And finding out what exactly happened is not viable because students lie. We used to try to do that in the past, but the majority of the time all parties involved act as outraged and say they wrote the code and don't know what happened. Some students are very good actors, many others aren't, but even when you face the latter, your impression that they are lying is not proof that you can use in a formal evaluation process and would withstand an appeal.

So yes, it can be unfair, but it's the lesser evil among the solutions I know.
Not sure why this is often labeled a blockchain-specific problem. As the article points out, it’s the algorithms commonly used for public-key cryptography that would be at risk from quantum computing advances.

This means that online security itself would be threatened, which is a far bigger deal than the failure of cryptocurrencies. Blockchains would have to move to post-quantum cryptography, just like everything else.
Ask HN: Serious mathematics books that can replace a good teacher?

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=31488608 169 comments, 5 days ago
Read the "mathematics for machine learning" book.
Sounds like a bug should be filed towards numpy?
>developers would have to build parking

Where, once you've removed all the parking footprint that existed before? Do you have any idea how expensive it is to retrofit underground parking under an existing structure?
I truly (and I think about this daily) miss the days when content you could search for and find was primarily written by people who knew their stuff, not marketing shills. I don’t feel that the web is a reliable source of learning material anymore, and so it has failed as a medium.
I think there is a fundamental error in the teacher behaviour. If a student cheat in a physical class, would they wait until the end of the examn/semester or call it out unmediately? Why did he let it go on and on?
With the change of paradigm with remote learning it has been a lot of grey areas, and students principles have been tested. On the teachers side they seem to focus too much in «how clever» they are they can spot the cheating, but did tjey set up the boundaries clearly?
Windows 7 is a better experience compared to windows 10. Windows 7 doesn't ask me to upgrade or throw ads in my start menu or sends installed program data to Microsoft or have any of the other enhancements

I do have win10 on a different machine and a smaller performance happens but still happens.

I have Ubuntu and an even smaller performance happens but it always happens.

But on Windows 7 the memory leaks are very noticable.
I don't see a point in blaming students for cheating, or trying to give them a guilty conscious about how they are impacting students in curve grading scenarios.

The moral indignation that I'm seeing in the comments about this issue is just silly as the students are just acting the way humans act. Especially given the fact that most students are in their late teens or early 20's.

Cheating is just human nature, especially that some people see a degree a gateway to success or even as survival (no degree no job, no job no food). And as survival machines, like all beings, people will do whatever it takes to get a degree, including cheating least of all.

While college is an academic institution that is supposed to be about acquiring knowledge, the fact that almost every well paying job requires a degree perverses the incentives leading it to be a place where you get a diploma so you can move on with your life.

So should we just tolerate cheating, with all this in mind? No, I think the burden of preventing cheating should be on the schools themselves to design testing in a way that makes cheating harder than actually learning the subject and to make learning more engaging even for those who are there just to get a diploma. This is hard of course.

An even better solution would be to fix our current system that creates these perverse incentives. But that is even harder and I can't even phantom how that would be done.
Until a major party comes out with a manifesto pledge to offer a public vote on moving to Proportional Representation I'm not sure why anyone would bother voting Conservative or Labour anymore.
I mean for currency. Utter stupidity.

Understanding energy usage and all other costs (human and environmental) is great, I have no problem with that obviously.
Here is a table with the size limits per "platform":
https://github.com/alcor/itty-bitty#:~:text=Size%20Limits
Wait, what? They don't actively scrape images. Users have to choose to post ("pin") images
Try https://betterexplained.com
I went a similar route. What did it for me was conceptual analysis.
You know how to program already. Maybe you did object oriented analysis?
Once I understood, that creating a sample space can be understood as creating a class of the samples you expect, and then putting the attributes on an axis of a space, it clicked. Depending on the space, you then can visualize the outcome probabilities as weight of a point or area in the space. A random variable is then a mapping of that space to R etc.
Or that differentiation is basically a way to get the slope of a function’s tangents at any point (it is differentiation of a function!) and its converse, integration, helps you find the area under a function graph. The important point is here that many interesting points can be mapped to doing this (for example calculating the probability from A to B, if you decided to represent it as area).
I had worked with UML, OPM (object process methodology) and BFO (basic fundamental ontology) before.
Asking “what is it (attributes, parts) and what can I do with it helps me a lot.
The most important trait however was coping with frustration, sometimes it took me months to understand a concept.
"The :has(arg) operator is actually a planned pseudo-class in CSS4, but as of writing no browser supports it. Instead of waiting for browser vendors to provide support, uBO provides support for :has(arg) as a procedural operator."

https://github.com/gorhill/uBlock/wiki/Procedural-cosmetic-f...
But with -fno-exceptions all exceptions cause a panic which stops execution of the program, right? So technically not a leak ;) (but TBH: exceptions don't even enter my mind anymore in the context of C++ because I had switched them off since I started C++ coding in the late 90's, I just don't see the value of exceptions in systems programming language, there's just too much compiler magic involved to make them work).

I think the actual problem is that std::vector is doing its own memory management under the hood, which makes it hard to control what's going on from the outside. E.g. a design flaw of the C++ stdlib, not related to RAII.
Paralelisms with deep learning.

He mixed training data (pool of quiz) with test data.

By the second midterm, he changed the approach to catch the cheaters.
> Do they offer email hosting?

Why would anyone still want to tie their email hosting to their ISP ? You change ISP, you move house and your email is at risk.

Protonmail, Tutanota or even, god forbid, Gmail. That's where you should be these days, not relying on your ISP to provide email hosting.

Or do you mean self-hosting ? i.e. allow port 25 ? Residential ISPs that allow that these days are few and far between.
>in most of the US it is illegal to build anything other than single-family homes

This is a flat lie.
Correlation between two quantum observables indicates how, on average, measurements of them are related. Positive correlation means that generally you measure both variables to have the same sign, more strongly correlated being closer to a straight line, i.e. for perfect correlation a measurement of one variable totally determines the other. Negative correlation means that if you measure one to be positive you will probably measure the other one to be negative and vice versa.

For two quantum operators a and b, for simplicity on the same Hilbert space H for which one state is |psi>, which is also chosen to be the current state of the system, the correlation is given by,

<(a - <a>) (b - <b>)> / (sigma_a sigma_b)

where <o> = <psi|o|psi> for any operator o, and sigma_o = sqrt(<o^2> - <o>^2) is the standard deviation of the quantum operator
Some tips on fact-checking online
You shouldn't introduce a typo in the int literal "1" or even in the word "https". It should be in your manual memory.
react-dom is pretty much a sole purpose, there is no subpackage or its form of plugin. So shaking out unused functions isn't doing much since it's supposed to be * imported anyway.
Reminds me of the "Hello World" module in Drupal 9+...
The Queen doesn't have any real power really...??

Do I need a counter argument?

Clearly one of the most powerful people in the world. She controls the majority of British wealth and doesn't pay taxes on it because she owns a whole countries to embezzle it with

Her son just sold a chalet in Switzerland for millions so he could settle an international case

That's without getting into the good graces from the media

No power literally can't name a single person more powerful and less accountable to any laws
A good answer for this problem is just to produce the sort of questions that are fit to open book exams (I.e. resistant to access to materials) and give a different question to each student.

It can be done by varying a bit the parameters of the question for each student and I am sure AI based solutions for producing a lot of questions are possible
It would violate the terms of service by OpenAI that say that users have to disclose that it was written by GPT-3.

But let's say that they're quietly breaking the rules.

Main giveaway is that GPT-3 is bad with long form. My favorite example is asking it to write a story about the man with the golden arm. It wrote a story of a man with a physical arm made of gold, who had enemies that wanted to steal it. So the man went into hiding and became a baseball player. It then wrote stories about the man's baseball career.

That's an AI cliche. A human cliche might be that the man was part of a secret experiment or something. It can be reeled in with a human cowriter, but checking for these can often take more time than someone autogenerating articles is willing to spend. Someone who claims an article was written with GPT-3 probably spent a lot of time rerolling the output.

GPT-3 can mimic structure like chapters and poetry, but it doesn't understand rules. It can't do sonnets because it doesn't understand syllables and rhymes. But it can make something that looks like a sonnet. It knows the length and relative content in a paragraph, page, or chapter, and it knows a book has a beginning and closing chapter. But it doesn't really know what the purposes of these are.
What did you write your SPA app in if you dont mind my asking.

Web apps and "full-stack" is not my area. Based on what I have read online I was under the impression that it is all Javascript and ver had a motivation to learn it. I would love to know how to create a web app - user interface to back end server code - without node.js, React, Angular etc
I dont think this makes much sense - a lot of them would likely share functionality and you could group them, like ISavable and just give that all save functions
You graded the original worse than the copies? So the copiers were rewarded?
I liked the “deep bench of friends”. Paints a vivid picture and I haven’t heard that phrase before
"Clear guidelines" or standards were not the issue here. They were directly copying answers from each other. There is no chance anyone honestly thought this was ok. That goes triple for the ones plagiarizing their apology letters.

And as I said in my other reply, letting "culture" grow up is part of the problem that lack of punishment creates, and was never a true excuse at all. They knew.
That's because the certificate is the value, not the knowledge itself. The knowledge is assumed. Without a certificate, the onus of verifying the required knowledge is now on the consumer or employer, and unsurprisingly neither of them want that, so of course knowledge combined with a respected certificate is worth more than just the knowledge itself.
Would you let an uncredentialled surgeon operate on you?
Do you think they are looking for a job because they were fired somewhere else?

Or do you think companies never fire people?

We already fired plenty of people that we hired. So yes, our hiring process is not perfect. But if you're a JavaScript developer and can't explain the difference between var, let and const, I'm not going to hire you. If you claim these people are great developers, you are free to hire them.

Let me know the details of your company. Whenever we find a candidate that doesn't satisfy our requirements (which is around 90% of them), I'll send them to you so you can hire them.
I don't really agree with the perspective Strong Towns presents, but I'd agree that this is an egregious overstep.

Like what Oregon was doing to a guy several years back.
Firefox for iOS has this feature and it was my favorite. I can toggle HN to dark mode too.
It’s like Swish because it’s the solution backed by the banks and you can pay someone using just their phone number.
This... was hard to read for me. I am not the type who jumps on the bandwagon of "schools are dead" but I had to pause here:

> This was the first time when 75% of the class was cheating way beyond the pale for half a semester

I know people who are on school for immigration reasons. Specially with computer science, there is so much nonsense that sometimes people must work through. This doesn't mean they don't have integrity.

The author says they sympathize with students. But do they really? Making the students write a humiliating "academic integrity essay" is not engagement. It's forcing someone to smile and then boasting that they have a good time.

I am forever grateful for my bachelor's. Not because they thought us a lot, actually the opposite. I happened to be in a unique situation in which course work was practically non-existent.

It was marvelous! As a 19 year old I was just learning to have adult social experiences and the school really allowed me to do that. The classes were not about pass or fail. They were about being in an environment and finding what's interesting within it. I know it sounds like this sort of thing will create terrible candidates for FAANG, and maybe so (not in our case), but perhaps it could also avoid the need to question the integrity of a teenager.
This is a gross over-simplification of a much harder decision to make. It depends. State can be simple & small, but it can still be hard to update your page accurately & quickly without tripping on side effects. For some tasks, this isn't a risk. For others, it's a headache.

There is no hard fast & easy rule to tell how problematic managing the DOM yourself will be. It's not about state size. It's about how much work you're going to have to do to maintain the dom, & the risk of one interaction jamming up something else. Knowing you can safely work the dom requires a blend of careful analysis & general intuition, to feel out where different concerns might collide, and you can be wrong. And adding just one more feature down the road can cause significant nightmares, blow up these assumptions. For someone else who comes along to do some work & who doesn't understand every assumption you've made about interactions, the risk compounds.

Moving from a retained mode DOM-manipulating view of the page to a immediate mode v-dom backed view such as react can save a huge amount of trouble. That just deciding & justifying your decision that only a small tool is required is complex that I'm more in favor of using React everywhere than I was before you posted: this oversimplification & overreduction emphasizes to me how particular & careful you have to be about justifying picking a less-safe tool. Simply tallying up the state you need is far beside the point. The DOM's risk has always been more about compound interactions. If you have completely isolated things on the page that only need a couple fixed features, and you never plan to grow the capabilities, maybe conventional DOM swizzling is ok. I still find it hard to recommend.
>I messaged the student that they had plagiarized the assignment from a website. I sent the link. They immediately wrote back and said I had the wrong link and that they copied it from a different website.

Plagerizing an ethics violation apology letter...to a lecturer who is clearly on a mission. At that stage just fail them.

Clearly they have neither ethics nor intelligence going for them so that spot in higher education is best taken up by a more deserving member of society.
I agree with your opinion on curves (which aren't even a thing where I'm from), but cheating matters even in the absence of curves.

If GPA is a factor to achieve certain jobs, positions, grants, PhD programs, etc. (which it obviously is, to varying extents depending on countries, but AFAIK it always is) then someone who is inflating their GPA via cheating can basically "steal" your job/PhD/etc., curve or not.