skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Reading the responses, I think I need to explain a little more fully what I meant.

My remark was intented as an explanation of one of the parents' statement: "distant means younger" when observing astronomical objects. We are not talking here about the age of the object per se (how old is the star I see, etc.), but about the age of the observation (how long ago did that happen, what I see just now). Every look into the sky is a look into the past. But also every look around you is a look into the past.

With "the oldest thing in the universe", I did mean the particles that form you (not you as a specific formation of such particles). If we say that everything of the universe started at the same time, then the atoms closest to you are the oldest things in the universe you can observe. Objectively, of course, every particle has the same age, even though it might be beyond the event horizon and never be observable. (I am simplifying somewhat here, leaving the spontanous coming and going of particles in the vaccum out of the picture.)
Honestly would if really surprise anyone at this point? It's already widely known that a Tory member's family was receiving government money for PPE. Everything they do is for their own benefit.
In some languages like Japanese they literally are, the name of the language is said as the name of the country + 語 (language), so Spanish is スペイン語, or "Spain Language" so to speak.
Imagine a world where politicians (or their descendants) couldn't abdicate except though untimely death? Arguably they would take their profession much more seriously, like a monarch.
> It's already widely known that a Tory member's family was receiving government money for PPE.

Why don't you cite the specific example then and we can discuss it.

> Honestly would if really surprise anyone at this point?

The intellectual dishonesty to use this as an argument is staggering.
In total or per capita? Do you have links to the data?
Everything is financed by labor anyway. Capital gains tax represent less than 10% of tax revenue.

Income and national insurance (also income, not sure why it has a different name) has always made the lion's share.

https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/budget-2020-docum...
'narrative' is a fancy word that sounds important. It seems a pretty good rule of thumb that the more someone uses it, the less they have to actually say. You've used it 11 times.

Also it comes with a package of other nebulous abstract words and phrases, as you've exemplified "the domain of the elite", "that spread mimetically", "the alchemy of mind control", "entrenched ruling classes reinforces the need to gatekeep".

This is just bad writing. If you have said anything it's embedded in so much verbal dross I can't be bothered to extract it. I suspect it could have been said in a few sentences.
> Why would you expect

Where did you read that I'd expect anything?

> Every PR supporter I know voted Yes for AV

Lol well we don't need referenda then - we'll just ask what your mates want in the future /s
The thing is, as a co-op in a small and competitive market, it's not like you have much leeway for reputational damage. Unlike Uber, you can't really survive a scandal by filling in with profits from other cities or drivers.

And what you said is true, but it's also a vapid statement without looking at percentages and incentives. Individual bad examples exist everywhere, but a workers coop of drivers in a City has social incentives (if a driver from your coop robs someone who goes to the same church as you, you'll hear from it) and constraints (if your cooperative gets boycotted in your town, what will you do, move everyone next postcode?) which uber lacks (if there's a boycott in one town, bad for the drivers, but you just put out a press blurb, do a promotion and donate to a charity and wait until things die down)
AFAIUI any measurement necessarily interacts with the system, and that interaction changes the wave equation. Measurements are not different from other interactions.
Being part of a company that got acquired by one of the big consulting/outsourcing/body leasing corporations I can attest to this. I really related to the pebbles metaphor.

So many things, so many processes changed in minor or major ways that it starts to show in me.

When I started in the agency, we had a team that booked our trips. We filled an email template, CCed our manager and booking was done. We could state preferences for hotels, window seats or aisle and so on. At the end of the trip we had to do minor book keeping stuff - mostly just signing the pre-made itinerary (lost for the correct term here).

Nowadays we need to book everything ourselves. We can either have a company offered CC (impacts our personal credit score) that most of the days isn't accepted in German hotels and taxis and stuff. Or pay everything ourselves up front and get reimbursed later on basically handing out interest free credit to our employer.

We need to take care not to go into overdraft and if we are reimbursed correctly. And the web based tool for reimbursement is a pita.

Just one example. Booking a meeting room now comes with a price tag and I need approval from project management for it.

Something broke in the latest Mac OS update and my Mac based colleagues were disconnected by the EPM due to not being compliant. They all had to use self service support tools that take about 15 to 30 minutes to create an issue.

As all this is booked on client time the company never loses money on these inefficient systems and there is no need to change.

Promotion now hinges mostly on how extroverted your manager is and how unrelenting they are in yearly promotion talks. If they relent against their peers fighting for their underlings you loose any chance of being promoted as you will end up on the lower rungs of the laddering process never to be eligible for a slot. The number of slots is decided in corporate headquarters far removed from the actual work being done on the ground.

I actually would love to know how military manages this, as it strikes me a quite similar situation.

All these (and a lot other pebbles) accumulat.

On the other hand my salary increased massively as corporate policies dictated to have minimums for experience and many people were payed below these. Also a lot of female colleagues profited from corporate efforts to calculate and close potential gender pay gaps.

So a lot of "big things" changed for the better. While oh so many small things went south.
Traffic jams just a maths problem, says Israeli AI firm
I wonder: Is automatic DI even helpful?
You save some lines of boilerplate but sacrifice control over the initialization-order and get a flat, messy, implicit dependency graph.

The decision of what goes where must be made somehow.
So you either do it through the type (eg. `@inject(MySuperSpecificServiceThatOnlyExistsOnceAnyways.self)`), or write provider functions.

Isn't the second solution basically the same thing as doing it manually?
The article says "most cities". The majority of municipalities in the US and elsewhere are those less trendy places. It’s a case of availability bias to think of NY or LA or Seattle or Austin as representative of "most cities". The "towns" in Strong Towns gives an idea of the size range of the municipalities they are talking about.
We'll, in my native country, Taxis are actually working fine, they are regulated but with no cap on the licenses - uber eventually needed to apply for those as well. And we also have public transport and walkable cities. So it's not like gig-economy driving is the only possible way to have a working system
The German Bundeswehr solved that problem by not letting their pilots fly and instead promote them to some managerial office jobs. That is still cheaper than paying for real flight hours.
A tangent to the topic, sure, I love it. But hijacking the discussion to draw attention to something that has absolutely nothing to do with either the topic or relevant to a specific comment it almost the definition of a troll. Despite a glancing similarity to a detail not relevant to the topic, GP was not relevant to the comment he replied to.
You can prove that an algorithm is correct most of the time (yes, halting and decidability but for practical purposes you mostly can).

How do you prove an event driven application is correct?
That would be a case for an enumeration, not a plain class. This usage would make me think: "And where does it get instantiated?" It is a fake class and this usage should be avoided.
Apparently it was wontfixed last year, but maybe it could still be suggested to be an extra, not in the standard package? https://github.com/numpy/numpy/issues/19591
I've always loved curved classes because they allow very good professors to give real mindfuck exam questions that cause you to walk away from the test with a new perspective on the material.

Those exams were often the most edifying couple hours of the whole semester. You also got a clear sense of the difference between you and a real master of the material which is a helpful lesson in humility.

I went back to grad school recently and it seems like that mode of testing has gone out of style in the last ten years. The exams I took were geared more towards establishing a minimum bar of competence, more for my future employers' benefit than my own.
and then listen to the teachers and academics

Should we also always listen to the car mechanics, used car salesmen, and cops because after all they are the experts?
I'm not sure you're disagreeing?

My interpretation is that he's stating that you can't base fundamental mathematical formalism's on mutation, you have to model them using immutable structures.

You can then model mutation on top of that.

Then in key areas, when you know bringing back in mutation for performance reasons, you can do so with a really nice test case to validate your implementation is correct. IE does the mutable one match the immutable one.

You can also make sure your mutation is local.
There's a quite significant difference between having one pulse that lasts a quadrillionth of a second, and sustaining a quadrillion pulses per second ..
> preparing for the interview
Nonsense. That's all gravy. The cost difference between experiments and reactors is scale. ITER is a good example to point to. If reactors needed to be the size of ITER mankind could never deploy them at scale because we simply don't have the resources. If ITER was 5x smaller: it's a different story.
By using an embeddable SGML CMS, no less, as an express.js route [1]. Or, alternatively, as a command-line app for prerendering static HTML.

[1]: http://sgmljs.net
In Polish, earthworms are "dżdżownica" which is derived from old Slavic for rain.
This is why I do not teach on graduate level. There is only so much I’m willing to do to drag some damn sod kicking and screaming through the content. There is only so much effort I’m willing to put into engaging people who actively do not want to be engaged.

Also, I have a trauma from a calculus exam back in my day. Writen exam, physcial classroom, first year students. The professor hands out the exam, then proceeds to smile, go “i’m gonna get a coffee” and leave. Yay, let’s look things up! In about 3 minutes all of us realized there is nothing to look up. The questions were constructed in a fashion that you could only answer them if you understood the material. Also, any plagiarism would have been obvious. Besides, none of the questions seemed to have _a_ correct answer.

I cannot compose such exams. Therefore I keep an eye out for obvious things but generally assume my students either are motivated enough or are not worth the time to chase after them. I do my best to keep them interested, though. As to grading, I do oral exams over video calls. Takes about 8 min per person and this is where they can’t cheat. They either understand or it’s obvious they don’t.
There are markets for a wide range of abilities.

Even in medicine, the first triage will probably be done by a nurse, then a doctor, finally a specialist.

You don't need a CS PhD for most of the work done with computers and it would be unrealistic and uneconomical to require such a high standard everywhere.

People make a good living customizing WordPress sites and the buyers get good value from it.
SerenityOS's Build System In-Depth, Part 1: Makefile City
There's some interesting discussion about what (probably) motivates this talk at

https://www.physicsforums.com/threads/t-hooft-cellular-autom...
The professor sets up the expectation they are going to come down hard on everyone but ends up putting in an obscene amount of work to give almost everyone a chance to succeed.

After the halfway point they tilt strongly from justice to mercy and ethics education.
Wow. I was going to come here and suggest them as well but your story does an even better job. Congrats to you and all the hard work you must have put in over the 10 years!
First you need to start tracking all variable possible to get your baseline.

Keep in mind that this is not necessarily experimentally valid due to the small sample size of n = 1

This means tracking all nutrition including micro nutrients (such as magnesium), tracking sleep, tracking exercise with breaks load and warmup, tracking sleep and heart rate along with spo2

Literally track everything you can think of. After you have baseline data, start by making one small change at a time (while tracking it of course) and see what happens
[1] I actually don't think it makes a blind bit of difference if people sell a pound of jam instead of 454g or whatever. I don't think pubs need to stop selling Pints either. Hard to be outraged here.

[2] TV stations are dead. Sell them all.
Now you increased the burden by a factor of 3…
I use them mostly like bookmarks, a cool project I stumbled over and want to "pin" for the future.
Constant factors don't normally matter in an interview algorithm context. Focus on them often results in ugly code and can be a distraction against bigger improvements.
All kinds of crypto lockers. If you have got one, your software is not in proper state.
This is also what hit me while reading the OP. The students were cheating on a Whatsapp group their own teacher was a member of.

I could perhaps turn a blind eye to the gross lack of integrity (I wouldn't, but I could); it's the sheer ineptitude that drives me up a wall.
You can still go outside and shout your opinions to anybody. Your right hasn't been taken away.
> Try to prove correctness of a CAD program, for example. Or of a graphics card implementation. Or ...

You don't need to verify the entire program for formal verification to be useful. You can adopt it incrementally.

The most common bogus argument I hear against formal verification is that it's impractical to come up with a spec or proof for the entire program, so we might as well not even bother with formal verification at all.
> That doesn’t guarantee that the spec will be the right one (as you say) but it’s astounding how often just writing it down formally improves the implementation through rigorous thought.

But that doesn't have much to do with formal methods. You can achieve the same effect grabbing a colleague and explaining your spec to them, it will trigger the same rigorous thought because you want them to understand you.
>Why isn’t this fact used clinically, at least for diagnosis, then?

1. Primarily because IL6 and IFNg are inflammatory cytokines that when increased can indicate any number of things, most commonly caused by infection tissue damage, or other chronic inflammatory diseases like IBD. These cytokines are not unique to depression.

2. Clinical definitions of depression are not related to or dependent on inflammation. AFAIK diagnostic measures of depression are only related to mood.

3. Medicine is notoriously slow at leveraging scientific findings. We’ve known for decades about the power of early cancer detection by cfDNA sequencing yet we still rely on symptoms to catch cancer, when it’s often too late. My jaded opinion is that fee for service is not compatible with disease prevention.
This isnt driven by old people. This is the government/security services/deep state making a power grab.

Obviously from the economists outlook the UK business elites are skeptical, so at least there is some pushback from a group with clout.

The elderly voters are likely indifferent maybe even mildly positive but theyre not really pushing either way on this theyre being led by the nose.
How a 7k-Ton Broadway Theater Was Hoisted 30 Feet
“Occasionally someone from the outside stumbles over the alchemy of mind control, and they do things with it, often involving gas and guillotines”.

There has been no greater exponent of this mind control than Churchill: from “inside” not “outside” and he killed A LOT of people. Less of course than Stalin and Hitler. But still many. My point is that it doesn’t matter who wields the power, gas and guillotines may follow.
Show HN: WebRTC Nuts and Bolts, A holistic way of understanding how WebRTC runs
Hi HN!

I’m so excited to show my first open-source project and first post here.

I initially started this project to learn Go language, it is an experimental project. The main goal is to track the adventure of a WebRTC stream from start to finish, by debugging the project or tracking the output at console.

By trying out this project, you will deep dive into the steps which are taken while starting up a WebRTC session, and more.

It consists of a web UI (TypeScript) and a server back-end (Golang) projects. They can run on Docker containers, in development mode or production mode, you can find details in the README file.

After some progress on the development, I decided to pivot my experimental work to a walkthrough document. Because although there are lots of resources that exist already on the Internet, they cover small chunks of WebRTC concepts or protocols atomically. And they use the standard way of inductive method which teaches in pieces then assembles them.

But my style of learning leans on the deductive method instead of others, so instead of learning atomic pieces and concepts first, going linearly from beginning to the end, and learning an atomic piece on the time when learning this piece is required.

I know it’s in a very niche technical domain, but hope you will like my project. Please check it out and I’d love to read your thoughts!

https://github.com/adalkiran/webrtc-nuts-and-bolts
> The UK pension system is one of the worst in Europe. If it was ever to be substantially improved you will definitely hear about it.

I assume you just mean the state pension here. Occupational pensions have long been a significant part of our pension system that tends to get ignored. The auto-enroll workplace pension introduced in 2008 seems to have been very successful too.

Overall, if I remember correctly, the UK actually has the second total pension assets in the OECD, and one of the highest per capita.
> "The issue with the tooth isn't a bug in the renderer. That's how the image is defined."

OK, "Bug" is the wrong word. This renderer/up-scaler is using various tricks and techniques to render the image at a higher resolution than it was ever designed for. Elsewhere it's scaling up the width of a line / size of a pixel so that it looks appropriate, but for whatever reason it's missed a trick here.

> "But that skull also looks terrible."

I think your expectations are too high! You can't expect it to look as good as modern game art, but it's neat that such an old and tiny game can be made to look much sharper than it originally did.
Because they are cheaper? I’ve hired unlicensed people to fell trees in my yard that weren’t really going to fall on the house etc.

Also, I’m fairly certain car mechanics are not licensed where I live. Sometimes licenses are just frivolous, especially in modern day society.
Pensions have increased substantially since 2010 due to the triple lock, which was momentarily suspended in 2022 because this year it would have been unsustainable: wages have increased significantly in 2021 due to temporary changes of the composition of the workforce caused by lockdowns. The current spike in inflation will be accounted for next year, like many worker’s salaries that have been adjusted using last year’s inflation (2-3%).

Besides, British pensions are lower because British pensioners paid much less pension contributions than other European pensioners.

It is a fact that the current government stance on Brexit is both exacerbating the labour shortage and damaging the country’s supply chains. And it would be totally disingenuous to claim that this doesn’t stem from an idiotic stance on migration from the EU, that has been part of the Conservative manifestos/programmes since at least 2008 and that lead to their last N electoral victories.
All stars have neutrons. Neutrons are star seeds. The number of neutrons increase as the universe ages. Otherwise the so called big bang would have immediately collapsed into a black hole. There are no neutron free zones in the universe except perhaps quasars.

How much dark matter is in the universe according to the experts?

https://spaceplace.nasa.gov/dark-matter/en/
"Dark matter is stuff in space that has gravity, but it is unlike anything scientists have ever seen before. Together, dark matter and dark energy make up 95% of the universe. That only leaves a small 5% for all the matter and energy we know and understand."

From what we see in the sky it is a fairly logical assumption that 95% of the baryonic matter up there are protons and 5% of it is neutrons. There is your missing mass. We only think there is missing mass because of the strange motion of the cosmos doesn't line up with our laws. As a programmer I abhor fudge factors because they don't always work.

Think about black holes sucking in matter. Mass down the the center loses it's electric charge for the most part and becomes like neutrons. Quasars are supposed to be quite massive but it appears mass is leaving them. Perhaps quasars are the exit points of black holes. The mass gets converted from neutral to non neutral somewhere at the edges of the universe.

If I'm right, then the sun and most stars are a heck of a lot more massive than we think they are. Also this would explain why the atmosphere at earth's beginning was so much hotter because the sun was considerably larger due to ongoing neutron-genesis.

Thank you for your time. I'd do the experiment myself if I was able to.
Programming isn't a profession. It's just a new form of literacy. A lot of people claim to be able to write, but that doesn't make them writers.
I was talking about the kind of intuition that while looking at the code you should know whether it's safe to copy it or not, i.e. whether it should be examined closely before copying. From your story, the same class was copied 30 times by that many engineers (?) and it didn't raise any red flags, it means (and I'll be a bit blunt) you have a problem with your hiring process.
>Anyway as for us programmers there are very few jobs where a poorly written program will cause anyone any harm especially since it can be reviewed, tested, and corrected before being used for real, unlike a doctor who must use their skills on the fly and get it right first time, every time.

That's as true for any scientific or engineer field, for architects, pianists, lawyers, painters end economists as is for people designing and writing software.

And yet, all those occupations are generally practiced by people with a degree, who did a lot of study and practice. No watching YouTube videos, no 3 week boot camp will lend you a job as a physicist, concert piano player, economist or architect.

Is not that we don't have a high bar in this field, is that we don't have any bar at all. A programmer is a person who calls himself a programmer. Even car mechanics and construction workers are held at much higher standards than this.