skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
>"computation" is only equivalent when it's calculative, ie., when the algorithm in question is merely computing some number.

Whoever said that computation has to be with numbers? Here we are seeing the brain as calculative, because the output of the brain is some function of it's input, is it not? Surely we can agree that this is an important, crucial, and interesting function of the brain, that is worthwhile to study? I'm not saying that this is necessarily all that the brain does, but it's an interesting and unresolved dimension of what the brain does, perhaps even the most interesting.

>The reason the LCD screen displays some output isn't because the electrical switches have some numerical state, its because they have some electrical state.

Sure, I don't see how that's an issue. Why does computation have to be on numerical states? It can be on any kind of state at all, even continuous states. Be it water pressure, base pairs in DNA, luminosity, anything at all that can represent data. In fact, some of the earliest algorithms were operating on lines and circles, which are neither numerical nor even discrete.

>My kettle is also a computer: water is its state, boiling is the "computational process", and its change of state is the "number being computed".

Sure, you could see it that way. But computation isn't the only thing your kettle is doing - and it's not the interesting part about it either.

> The sense in which "computers are equivalent" is empirically empty. There is no scientific content to this; it is merely a statement of pure mathematics. To use this language, of pure discrete mathematics, as-if it is informative about empirical systems is pseudo-science.

It's far from purely mathematical, nor pseudo-scientific. Sure, you could define almost anything to do some computation, but that doesn't mean the computation it is doing is worthwhile, or an interesting dimension of its operation. Certainly, however, the computational dimension of the human brain - that is, how it manipulates data - is the most interesting part of it. It's clearly informative - in this case we can conclude that the brain does irreversible computation, and thus establish various bounds on how it operates.

> One may as well say the brain is a geometrical system which is extended in Euclidean space, and we know topologically, that all such systems are geometrically equivalent.

Sure, we can say that. How is this helpful in this context? Understanding the brain as doing computation is certainly helpful, and perhaps understanding it as topologically equivalent to other objects is too, but I can't really see how.

>Unless you have an algorithm in mind, and a model which says how its numerical content corresponds to physical properties, you arent saying anything empirical at all.

Again, why does an algorithm even require a numerical content? All an algorithm needs is data, and we clearly have data going in and out, which constrains the physical system that is processing that data.
The downside is that you would be touch-typing incorrectly? Assuming that you would intend to use that mapping.
Thanks for the link. I'll take a look anyway.
Does the above provide more safety/guarantees/something than just:

type hasFoo interface {

getfoo() int

setfoo(int)

}

func f(hasFoo) {}

?
As a European, who’d love to move to the US, I perfectly agree. (Except about the points system, because it’s completely arbitrary, imho the only qualification should be either an advanced degree, or a lined up job offer, subject to annual per country cap, because otherwise it could get completely out of hand)

Going through the L1B or H1B route is below me (as you’re tied to an employer with all the issues that entails, not to mention the H1B lottery, or the fact that to even qualify for a L1B I’d have to already work for the same employer for a year, and then hope they are willing to transfer me is absolutely ridiculous).

And basically nobody is going to sponsor me for a EB-2 outright.

So we’re just applying for the DV lottery every year. If we win, we’ll move to the States. Otherwise we’re not going through the meat grinder that is the US immigration system.

I’m actually not sure what the latest rules are, but what I recall that H1B spouses can’t even get a work permit until there’s an approved I-140 (Green card petition), so H1B route is a complete showstopper. How desperate do you have to be to go through that?
Isn’t it lovely when you realise you have electronics that have lasted nearly three decades and are still useful?

Onkyo were always well known for packing cutting edge features into home cinema amps. They always had way more features and codec support than anyone else. Nobody else came close for “bang for buck”, but they definitely had serious reliability issues.

Thinking about it tonight, just having some slow spinning fans probably would have alleviated 90%+ of their issues. But I guess the “audiophiles” would have complained about that…
Sadly, negative emotional dampening in a single sleep cycle is limited.

There's nothing more agonizing in the morning than the few seconds of half-consciousness where the memory of having lost a loved one is absent... only to have it all rush back in an instant. I hated this both when I split with my first serious partner, and when I lost my grandfather. Waking to a nightmare and wishing you were still asleep.
A federated marketplace for scrapers is an idea I have thought considerably about. If you have time, I would love to chat to
a) discuss being a paying user and
b) to talk about the industry and see how we could submit some scrapers.

Let me know how I can reach out to you!
Gdpr is a blessing, honestly.
This is excellent. I think https://www.internetingishard.com/html-and-css/ complements it well as an introductory tutorial to HTML/CSS.
Yes, it's certainly provided North Korea with a reliable flow of funds for their nuclear weapons program.
Windows XP, with some later having Vista/7 installed.

The BBC BASIC was provided in windows version. Some software used by engineering school was running through Xceed X11 server with actual software executing on few different unix machines (HP-UX, Sun, etc.)
I don't think this is that trivial. I've never seen it done correctly. It typically manifests itself as not being able to read your own writes, and I see this all the time (often from companies that have blog posts about how smart their caching algorithm is). For example, you add something to a list, then you're redirected to the list, and it's not there. Then you press refresh and it is.

I guess that's acceptable because people don't really look for the feedback; why do users add the same thing to the list twice, why does everyone hit the refresh button after adding an item to the list, etc. It's because the bug happens after the user is committed to using your service (contract, cost of switching too high; so you don't see adding the cache layer correspond to "churn"), and that it's annoying but not annoying enough to file a support ticket (so you don't see adding the cache layer correspond to increased support burden).

All I can say is, be careful. I wouldn't annoy my users to save a small amount of money. That the industry as a whole is oblivious to quality doesn't mean that it's okay for you to be oblivious about quality.

(Corollary: relaxing the transactional isolation level on your database to increase performance is very hard to reason about it. Do some tests and your eyes will pop out of your head.)
First, I would also have ethical issues about this! And I have many friends who would agree.

What you described reads like the plot of a major newspaper story to me. Did you ever consider taking this to a journalist? There are sites where journalists are asking people for interesting stories. This seems to fit very nicely! The government spending people's money to monopolist companies with criminal records.

And while there is no guarantee, this might be the most influential action you could do in order to get your sought after alternatives earlier rather than later.

What might also help is discovering a neologism for this type of (government) misbehavior e.g. "does your government/this organization also X" where X is an alternative to "use software from a company that has a criminal record".

Maybe as easy as: Does that organization use (and pay) for "ciminals' software"?

Or: Does your government use "blood software"? (as in blood diamonds)

In case that you are not comfortable taking this to a journalist or want some help, I am happy to support you!
I wonder if this is the thing YC/Seibel was working on
Today,I would think the us isn’t either one of these…
> Be an illegal, and you can just walk through the border.

This comparison makes no sense. The "legal" waiting years to get citizenship is still far, far ahead of an illegal who just walking across the border, yet you've presented this as if the illegal is somehow being treated better than the legal.
It's ironic that stress makes it harder to sleep then. I find exercise (running) to be very helpful, if I try to sleep when I'm upset or stressed I can't, or best case I sleep briefly if I'm really tired and then wake up and start worrying too much to sleep again.
PhD chemist hiring is about the best it’s been since the 60’s. It’s just that paper media aren’t in the workflow anymore.
This could not more perfectly reflect my experience had I written it myself. I was diagnosed with (also quite severe) ADHD recently, and it seems it was a surprise to literally no one but me. A solid third of the people I've discussed it with had assumed I knew and just wasn't well treated.

Even though it's number 1, I do want to emphasize it for those who are reluctant. Finding an effective medication has been one of the most net-positive personal changes I've ever experienced. And if it isn't for you, there's no harm is simply stopping :)

Edit: I should have kept reading, Mo3 sums up my contribution here much better lol
And that right there is the absolute glory of the home office. You can be in a brutalist white noise ADHD de-stimulation box and I can be in my bathrobe with fuzzy slippers, winter spice tea, groovy bass tunes and pup curled at my feet. Our worlds need not collide.
Many of the same people who made millions swindling investors in copper mines and such have pulled the same truck in the crypto world. It seems there is plenty of dumb money around willing to play the same game over and over again. And yes, it never ends well.
I did this too and it's nice.

I have a vm for macos. I have containers for git, dav, nextcloud, etc.

only thing I would love is something like docker to build containers from one dockerfile.
>you can in some cases copyright the digitisation of out-of-copyright photos

I don't have an opinion in either direction but it seems unnecessary to criticize the disagreement of others when even your own link refutes your claim, as Animats pointed out above. "Let's not throw stones in glass houses" and such.

Are there any examples to cite that support your claim?
America today is contaminated with people who are utterly incapable of any form of reasoned discussion and this disability isn't limited to one side. From the other side of the fence I'm sure you noticed the crazy folks who claim the vaccine is poison and covid isn't real. Reasoned discussion is possible between people on a variety of related topics but discussion with right wing crazy is completely impossible and if your discussion is critical of what is perceived to be the left wing position you risk being misidentified as one of the increasing number of nutbars with whom reasoning is impossible. At first blush the lunatics and those with nuanced perspectives are often indistinguishable, sometimes right up until the crazy links to rumble come out.

Respectfully I don't think the majority who would self identify as left or left leaning hold extreme positions. If you are experiencing such I would question with whom you are engaging, where, and how.

For example twitter is absolutely driven by assholes flinging rebukes at one another for likes and short messages and no meaningful threading don't make for reasoned discussions.

For the last point look how this discussion has begun by painting everyone who disagrees with you with a broad brush. This itself doesn't lend itself to reasoned discussion.
You have been intensely socialized to behave like a robot in person. To wear a mask and not do anything that stands out.

People expect this, so doing anything "off script" around other people makes them EXTREMELY uncomfortable. If they are strangers, they usually "filter you out", pretend they don't notice, and create distance. If they are associated with you, they will immediately begin pressuring you to stop in increasingly less subtle ways.

Everything about our social interactions is completely scripted. We are choosing between pre-approved scripts that we learned movies and shows. In our public behavior, we are literally just executing software that has been uploaded to our brains.

You mostly don't notice this because that's all you've ever known. However, if you deliberately force yourself outside the script YOU WILL NOTICE, and you will notice very, very intensely.

As a consequence, most of the "interesting" people that you meet in real life are hiding, taking on the same exterior behaviors as everyone else.
One of Buffett's main investments is (was) CocaCola, and things like https://www.nytimes.com/2018/07/14/world/americas/mexico-coc...
Lockdown, which is open source and installs itself as VPN. https://lockdownprivacy.com/
I was surprised to find pi's are going for > $100 on amazon.

I think the nuc-like boxes might be competitive, but I wonder if they aren't inflated too.
Explanation is in the final paragraph.
Not really, the M1 has a relaxed memory model, the 11th gen intel core series has a strict memory model. Generally the relaxed memory model allows better bandwidth and performance out of the same memory system.

Not to mention there's the M1 pro, max, and ultra if you need more memory bandwidth.
>It's weird how so many of the arguments against what I've originally written pretend that it matters whether the reward comes from a block reward or transactions fees. It does not matter.

It does matter. Block rewards are a transfer of value from bitcoin owners, which increases as people BUY bitcoin. Block fees increase as people USE bitcoin. Those are two separate things. What we are seeing now is mining that goes far beyond the mining necessary to secure the network, and that's due to (temporary?) speculative demand which increases the value of the block reward.

>And the fundamental idea behind proof-of-work that they amount of work you're "proving" must be enough to make double-spend attacks infeasible.

well, infeasible by a single antagonistic party. There's also the cost associated with the depreciation of the hardware. Even if mining somehow required no electricity, then the network would still be secure because there is some Time-Value cost associated with owning computer hardware.

>If the electricity cost to mine a block is low enough compared to the value that could be gained by a double-spend attack (which is of course comparable to total BTC market cap), then the network is not secure.

I agree. I think bitcoin will eventually succumb to selfish mining attacks.
Solar cell tax coming soon. I'm sure there's already somewhere that does this already.
Renouncing US citizenship happens but the the exit tax make it makes it less appealing for the wealthy. “The exit tax is calculated as a capital gains tax if all assets were sold on the day of renunciation.”

There are also social security implications for workers which make switching midway through a career more costly.
Knowing how big corporations usually work, dropping the FreeDOS option completely due to incompatibility would require approvals from 7 layers of corporate management, while shipping a half-assed version that is not usable for any practical purposes only took one nerd from engineering.
Are you sure that energy is a fungible good? Energy is neither free to transport, nor is demand for energy insensitive to location. If energy were fungible, you wouldn't see energy pricing that varies by an order of magnitude or more. Something like oil on the other hand is quite fungible, but kwh of electricity is not. Note that fungibility depends on the user: Bitcoin miners are fungible consumers, a house in Hudson Valley is not.

> Won't the amount of mining grow until all the electricity cheaper than that is being wasted calculating hashes?

No, there is an upper bound (negating transaction fees, which are negligable) in that the cost of the energy used will never be larger than the block reward times the bitcoin price. There are estimates that this actually isn't a large enough market for the situations where bitcoin mining is actually a very beneficial consumer in terms of environmental concerns-- e.g to consume all of the methane flare gas (that would otherwise be burned off).
To be clear, I am assuming we're talking about the security of the system as it relates to its users in general, not you specifically. I'm completely happy to yield that you are entirely unassailable.

For the vast majority of people, it's not too hard to make an educated guess about their wealth based on their house, their car, the area they live, their lifestyle, their age, their job, etc. For most people, this information isn't hard to find. If you're torturing them to give you access to their crypto wallets, and they give up less than you expected, you just keep torturing. You may argue that people should be protective of this information, but they aren't and will probably never be.

(As an aside, I don't actually believe torture is a viable large-scale threat to cryptocurrency. Pointlessness is though.)
I lost my email password which i haven't logged in for 10+ years (but had forwarding setup so i was receiving emails still). As a googler, i thought, surely, i would be able to get support to recover my account

Little did i know, they did nothing :)
No, censorship is not OK, and free expression will probably win in end. People don't like to be shut up, and in the long run capitalism provides people with what they like.
You keep stating this phase destruction like it is gospel. However, if a crossover is negatively affecting the phasing, something is wrong. Maybe it's a cheap design on a cheap product, or a poorly made something with a good design, but if you have a crossover doing this, then replace the crossover.

Many many sound systems do not have this issue that you seem to be convinced is normal operation of a crossover. If this was a normal thing and accepted by everyone everywhere, then loud music would never sound right. I'd suggest stop buying equipment from Radio Shack ;-)
ASICs only offer a benefit through significant specialisation. Specifically with bitcion the double-SHA256 hash lends itself to an extremely efficient hardware operation which beats any general-purpose system substantially.

In general what you want to do is design the algorithms differently. There's a few reasons to do this. Firstly your new coin probably doesn't want to run best on hardware which is already used by a bigger coin, especially bitcoin, because then there's a massive attack vector just looming over you as the existing miners could just turn a fraction of their processing power towards your network and destroy it easily. This means you generally want to come up with a novel proof of work function which is not easily computed by existing miners. The best form of this is using a completely different hardware resource.

Secondly (and apart from the few large coins which generally got to this idea first, competing with the first point), if you care about keeping your miners distributed in terms of ownership and control, it helps if said algorithm is tuned for some general purpose bit of hardware your users are already likely to have for some other purpose. Ethereum's PoW was expliticly designed to be optimal for GPUs (because computing it is memory-bandwidth limited), and Monero's was designed to be optimal for CPUs. Chia's system was optimised for storage space instead of compute power. Lower-effort clones (e.g. dogecoin) tend to at least change the hashing algorithm used at little to provide some protection, but to a lesser degree (e.g. Ethereum is probably safe from attacks by bitcoin miners, Monero is probably safe from ethereum miners, but while dogecoin is probably safe from attacks by bitcoin miners, it's not safe from the other larger coins, and especially bitcoin forks have actually been attacked by bitcoin miners).
What if there were no agreement? seems like he is the driving successful factor in these businesses, but I'm guessing he'd rather sell his company than get hired by them.

there are example employees I've seen that have this kind of leverage too
I think the incitement to violence exception is a simple phrase that is highly complex. To me, our former president continuing to harp on the lie that the election was stolen was a clear incitement to violence.

But to many, they disagree. He didn't specifically say "go commit violence" (although he has done so in the past in other situations).

There are many people that were arguing that calling COVID-19 the china violence was one of the things leading to increased violence against Asians. So would that constitute incitement to violence? I don't think so, but I can definitely see a very blurry line here.
At one point (a very long time ago now) it was declared that Dogwood was the future and as a result Go would be the language of choice at Heroku and Erlang would be no more.

Trouble is that Erlang ran all the important Cedar code (it might still today) and the Erlang engineers didn't particularly like the news that Erlang code was essentially deprecated so they left and nobody knew how to maintain the stack. This definitely wasn't the only problem we had but it was a big one.

What do fellow Herokai think? Was Dogwood a fool's errand? Or did we just not get enough staff to build it properly?
Fantastic original post Mo3, thanks!

May I ask how long it took you to find the right medication and balance of XR/IR please?
So, hypothetically, if Twitter were to say that nobody is allowed to use Twitter from Texas, would that mean that Twitter could be sued by anyone in Texas, or is denying access functionally different (as common sense would have it) from censorship?
H1b workers depress wages by increasing the supply of workers.

Most h1bs I work with have no more experience, and some less, than a graduating CS major with no prior job experience.
> less if daytime utility power is expensive.

My point is that daytime utility power that comes from a solar farm will always be cheaper then rooftop solar. Because it takes a lot less labor to deploy solar at utility-scale, than to bolt it to your roof.

The only reason rooftop solar can currently be cost-efficient[1] is if its competing with expensive sources of energy generation. If it has to compete with cheap sources (utility solar), it's not cost-efficient.

[1] Or if you're receiving subsidies for the energy you sell back to the grid.
“This too shall pass”

-Abraham Lincoln
Which would either require an in protocol slashing event or a hard fork. In which case the fork with the broadest legitamacy would prevail (see the events around the Steem/Hive hard fork). Blockchains cannot escape being fundamentally social creatures with values and priorities and the communities around those chains will ultimately have the last word about their operation.
> No, sweet summer child, you can't simply dispel this with a single JPEG.

How can we know unless we try? And watching the news, I haven't seen them try once (this issue is no exception - it seems media in general is allergic to graphs and data).

Unfortunately, I cannot try it. I'm not published by any media company, and posting it here would prove nothing - readers here are highly non-representative, so results would not generalize.

To clarify, I don't think it would be a panacea. As you say, the most hardboiled would dismiss it. But it would surely help.