skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
>>I thought we had agreed that entropy is something you calculate with a model,

>We did agree. I never said otherwise. Where are you getting this idea? I'm saying our agreement on this fact is useless. Why don't you actually fully read what I wrote.

It was a minor correction. I wouldn't say that entropy is a "model". But essentialy we agree, that's what I meant. We agree that we agree!

>> I was trying to say that the inputs to S(...) are the things that we know because we did measure them or set their values. It seems that we agree on that because it's extremely obvious.

> I spent paragraphs remarking on this ALREADY.

Again, I was stressing that we had also reached a clear agreement on that point. (Except that I don't know what do you mean by me implying something about "some input parameter modeled after knowledge" if every input corresponds to knowledge and that's a pointless thing to discuss.)

> The Macrostates don't change based off your knowledge. You choose the one you want.

And if you want, you can choose a new one when your knowledge changes! One that corresponds to everything you know now about the physical state. Then you can do statistical mechanics over the ensemble of states that may be the underlying unknown physical state - with different probabilities - conditional on everything you know. In principle, at least.

[it was an interesting discussion, anyway]
I'm not a doctor but I have a good guess as to what you're experiencing. First off, have you tried Vyvanse? As far as I know it has the most stable effect over time of any of the extended release formats. This means you get a less drastic spike after initial dosage, usually 30 min to an hour, and the effect is pretty steady for 8 or so hours. You should give it a try.

Regardless it sounds like you have built up high tolerance, which isn't surprising to me. If so, then the reason you believe your current dose isn't lasting is because you're used to that initial spike in effect. I've been there.

What works for me is to take a hiatus. Maybe a week or two if you can get away with it. Then start at a lower dose. In the past I found increasing the dose through the week and then taking a break or a reduced dose on the weekends would help fight tolerance. Avoid caffeine and other stimulants when you're on your regular dose.

If you haven't tried Vyvanse, then I encourage it. You'll want a much lower dose. Start with the 10 mg once a day and titrate up by 10mg every one or two weeks. Taking a hiatus first is a good idea otherwise you might misjudge the dose.

I currently have 40s and 10s and 40 on a Monday kicks my ass, 50 on a Friday is hardly noticable, but I take the weekends off (or 10 or 20mg each day if I need to get shit done) and the following Monday 40mg will kick my ass again.

In terms of the other things, not much you can do other than plan around the effects. Best of luck.
> Just think of all the times where we have to use transactions that are immutable (so they can't be reversed), trustless (so there's nobody to blame), and decentralized (meaning you need economic incentives to do expensive work to reach a consensus that's correct).

Can you name at least one?
Maybe if you didn't say 'for an nft proj' someone might've helped you.
You won't be building your Grandma's control systems much longer, a whole new world is already here and OPC UA is a big part of it.

A lot of PLC CPUs now come with an OPC server (and sometimes client) built in. Siemens rep here has said that medium to long term they see all their products converging on OPC and MQTT as preferred protocols.

I just delivered multiple systems using the CPU based OPC server as the main serial link on Siemens S7-1500 PLC series. Just by virtue of being a tag based structure, including attributes alone, using OPC saved huge amounts of time and effort all thru testing and commissioning.

Also, if your control system has functional safety involved then you will be complying with IEC/ISA 62443 cybersecurity standards as a requirement, and even if you don't have FS then you should be considering complying for best practice. OPC can be a big part of easy compliance.

ICS cyber-security implementation is increasingly being mandated - https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases...

Using OPC UA as a serial link protocol of choice provides so many general benefits over modbus that you would be stupid not to use it if it was an option, and once there it's basically tick the box in the config to throw in security and encryption for almost zero extra effort.

OPC Foundation has heaps of info at their website, it's all open source with standards, examples and reference versions of code for servers/clients available. There are also plenty of free OPC servers/clients/plugins/tools etc on the web to download and use both in design and production, but also to learn a little without shelling out cash.

You can get an OPC server/client onto a sub $10 microprocessor, in an excel plug-in, thru to Oracle and SAP now have OPC modules to allow access of P2B data, as just some examples.

OPC is much easier for fault finding and debugging as well, especially when you can connect multiple clients to any given server, then view any tags with their descriptions, scaling, units etc embedded, try that with modbus. If you are smart how you strcuture it, all that tag data you used to have to type in twice (PLC and HMI, scaling, units, boolean sense etc), if you are smart how you implement, you are only entering that once, in the PLC.

And the protocol can support the equivelent of mammoth amounts of data exchange compared to available bandwidth, by virtue of report by exception, that is fully tuneable by the user.

Having bulk equivelent bandwidth available means things like multistate indicators on your HMI can be sent to the HMI from the PLC as strings as well, ready for display, instead of just coded integers. This means you never get mismatched state indication text on your HMI and you only ever need to change the HMI state indication text in your PLC.

Reality is get started learning OPC, or get left behind.

While there, grab any opportunity that comes past to get a recognised competency in ICS cybersecurity - the standards require recognised and managed relevant competencies to be held for any persons that can impact cyber security during all phases of system design/implementation and ownership. Be that guy.
Every time I see a framework how quickly they can bootstrap I now consider that a red flag. The more automagic, the more you can't ever figure out why something goes wrong. It's been said that most products spend 99% of their lifetime in maintenance. If a framework wants to impress me, show me how clear the stack traces and IDE integration are. Show me how crystal clear it is to trace the execution path.
You should read up on what PipeWire is before you talk trash about it and start implicating it in some catastrophic repeat of PulseAudio that you just made up.
Tech Debt Is Good
There is definitely demand for ABAP, which is influenced by COBOL, and has a similar looking syntax.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABAP
> I’m really curious why people love working at startups when big companies pay 2-5x more and have less stress.

Because that's an historical anomaly.

The big companies didn't used to pay 2x-5x more. And, if the current news is anything to go by, that appears to be ending. Get ready for a bumpy ride down.
It hasn't made any positive difference leaving the present brains in Russia - look where we're at. Those brains that ideologically align with the liberal West are presently trapped inside of a Russia they are likely to fundamentally disagree with, we should bring them over to our side if we can.

What will be left? The same power structure and malevolent culture that already exists, minus some of the brains.

I believe the last few rounds of brain drain out of Russia have helped to leave their scientific, aerospace and military programs in the relatively dire condition they are at present vs the Soviet past (emphasis on helped, there are other factors such as eg Ukraine no longer being part of the USSR, with Ukraine being an important contributor to various Soviet accomplishments). It has net weakened Russia considerably in my opinion, that's a good thing, until or unless their culture changes.
I'm saying a conditional branch that offers a different path of execution for a constant evaluation than for a runtime evaluation gives you a function that behaves differently in different contexts.

In Rust, for instance, constant functions have to evaluate the same in both compile time and run time - you can't have a different code path depending on which. If you want that, make two functions.

Trivially:

constexpr bool is_even(int x) {
if (std::is_constant_evaluated()) {
return true;
} else {
return ((x % 2) == 0);
}
}

How would you unit test this in a way that catches that only the constant evaluation is broken?
I also really fail to see a situation where the west would think it acceptable. If Russia completely leaves Crimea and pays reparations to rebuild Ukraine - maybe. But that is never going to happen
No bet!

You promised me "infinite amounts of money", I only stand to win 20 bucks.

Also, you have specified that these are 20 random people; so I guess I don't get to brief them in advance that they MUST say manual each time. So you have replaced me, the bettor, with a panel of 20 people whose average IQ is 100, and who don't have my interests at heart. Why would I take that bet?

If my random panel say manual each time, you stand to lose.

But as I say, I don't bet often. Only once a year, only on gee-gees, and only as much as I'm willing to lose (because I always lose).
I think calling it a caffeine "addiction" is a bit misleading. Dependence is a more accurate word.
I use to think this way. I do not anymore. A PhD is independent research training which is by far the most important skill for new knowledge and hence new business and new technology creation. We need way more PhDs than we have if we are to survive and thrive as a species.
I honestly don't know why people don't adopt a slightly better json at this point if we're going to invent weird new formats anyways. Some kind of macro language with better syntax would be ahead by miles, and able to plug into anywhere that uses JSON very easily.
The only meaningful buyer of research is the federal government, and the amount of research it buys is fixed by Congress. It's not responsive to "market conditions" in the same way as e.g. software, where software engineers create a booming sector that drives demand for more software engineers.
You could use Joplin and make a ToDo list in Markdown format and select Dropbox as the backup/sync service within it.
Meow at your cat and you might just learn something. I’ve successfully learned my cat’s “language.” Thankfully it’s a small vocabulary. Unfortunately, they know that I know what they want when the subject of cat treats comes up.

Funny enough, our second cat learned the local dialect after joining the family. I guess the moral here is to just gauge the room and hope for something fishy to come out of the cabinet.
> [...] struggled with a shift in the company’s focus from making devices to developing services.

Boy can I ever empathize with that.

This shift is the worst thing that ever happened to Apple. Personally, it was maybe the biggest reason I got disillusioned working for them and quit (I should note I was only a Retail employee, nothing big).
Yep, there is a reason people drop thousand dollar to $5,000 hardware sequencer PCIe cards, like the RME RayDat, RME AES, Focusrite RedNet, Marian, or Avid, in to their computers.
We do need a big ARPA like investment in research. Right now we depend on defense spending but we are simply not spending enough on research.
No, you go to your neighbor and give them a note that says $500 for the corvette, they write back no way, it's $50k, you write back "done!". They are now obligated to sell you the car for $50k, even if it's hot rod red and they really like driving it on the weekend.
Emojis exist in Unicode because people have written emotion-face pictograms inline in text documents (even before the advent of computers!), and Unicode needs a way to encode those existing documents such that one ":D rotated 90 degrees" is machine-readably-identical to another ":D rotated 90 degrees." For the sake of e.g. screen readers, sentiment analysis, etc.

But there's no reason that said pictograms need to have a rendering like anything more than what people would draw them as on paper. The Unicode ellipsis exists to encode the separate intent of "writing an ellipsis" from just writing three dots — but it's still just rendered as three dots.
I realize it's used as a tongue in cheek reference to Resident Evil, but the "Umbrella Logo" is, among other things, trademarked[1][2][3].

I'm not sure about corporate ownership status here, but it would appear that someone's idea of movie merchandise was to sell firearms by registering a company called "Umbrella Corporation Weapons Research Group" in the real world. I could find several "licensed" arms in online stores. Possibly they're doing that to protect their IP, not out of any profit motive.

The name of the project won't be a problem, but you might want to steer clear of that particular logo. Entertainment companies can be very touchy about their IP and are known to be litigious.

[1] https://trademarks.justia.com/owners/umbrella-corporation-we...

[2] https://trademarks.justia.com/owners/umbrella-corp-4226588/

[3] Possibly more, but there's thousands of logos labeled "Umbrella" and I don't want to spend all day looking.
Former SRE here.

I sure wish more people understood that security means way more than isolation, and hardening is impossible with a bunch of squishy devices that practically conspire to flatten your security model.
Similar. I don’t understand wearing it with pride. There is no pride in it. It’s not an accomplishment. When people do this, it looks like a pre-emotive cop-out. “I’m saying to everyone I have ADHD so that if something goes wrong, I have something to blame and can also blame you if you are the authority for not giving me a pass”.
I made a “music video” using AI to generate all the images
Do you do leetcode tests?
Can confirm, it's amazing. The Bip 2 actually dipped in battery time, with first gen I could do 55 days even (HR off). It's the closest match for Pebble fans. It even has a custom firmware/apps scene. Truly beyond me why no one else pushes these. Is it hard to source? Or is display quality so important for the masses, that they rather charge every 2 days?
Pretty sure Microsoft still makes `soft`ware for `micro`computers
>PhD are super-specialized

Yes they have specific expertise in some field. But also they know how to do intendent research. This is the critical skill.
Funnily enough people used to be proud of having gout - the disease of aristocrats.
> https://skirtlesden.com/articles/json-lisp-queries

It’s a useful pattern when you need to encapsulate some complexity.
> We can all easily imagine the sort of negative things that could come out of the misuse of their models, and it is their responsibility to ensure it drips into public domain rather than just putting it out there.

Can we? I’m not sure about that - one issue being that they’re reproducable, so other people can recreate them without constraints. It turns out to not be that hard.

I think a better explanation is there’s a bunch of spare “AI ethicists” hanging around because they read too much material from effective altruism cultists and decided they’re going to stop the world conquering AGI. But as OpenAI work doesn’t actually produce AGI, the best they can do is make up random things that sound ethical like “don’t put faces in the training output” and do that.

Btw, their GPT3 playground happily produces incredibly offensive/racist material in the same friendly voice InstructGPT uses for everything else, but there they decided to add a “this text looks kind of offensive, sorry” warning instead of not training it in at all. (And to be clear I think that's the right decision, but man some of the text is surprising when you get it.)
I have written up on some things that are somewhat relevant

https://github.com/adamnemecek/adjoint/
Blood is spilling in a fight between Impossible Foods and Motif FoodWorks
Do you have any examples of web apps or websites with millions of users, and don't use any frameworks? The only one I can think of is HackerNews, funny enough.
The part I hate most today is that if you relate to a video on ADHD/DID/Depression/Schizophrenia/etc, you will be fed the content until you convince yourself you have a “character trait”. That’s a serious problem with long term effects on society.

I’m very sure I sit somewhere on the spectrum and have depressive disorder markers as well. But the last thing I want to do is to promote these traits. I am not proud of them nor hiding them. They do make me unique. But that’s my business, not the world’s.

What worries me is how easy it is to get diagnosed. TikTok for example will also show you ads for a simple single click ADHD diagnosis and medication plan. Almost as if it’s being handed out like candy.

I found tranquility by looking inward for answers, not outward. I go on my “mental health” walks/runs. I even have taught myself to be mindful enough to notice when platforms like TikTok are emotionally manipulating you and I’ll be half crying while coming to a realization that this keeps me addicted. As I separate myself more from tech and to more nature in the world, these “character traits” don’t seem to be so defining anymore. It’s just a personal observation I’ve made as screen time declines.
I'm just getting started on how we pronounce place names! A few years back I went skiing in Banff (Alberta, Canada). Near there is Norquay which I pronounced as Norkey as in Torquay. Nope it's: Norrkway or perhaps Nork-kway. That's fair enough - the locals can call their place whatever they like and I can damn well like it or bugger off. The thing is that the place was clearly named by people from these parts but the language has changed and moved on. Here in the UK, Norquay means North Quay. I have no idea what Norquay means in Canada - is it just a legacy name.

Here in the UK we have legacy names too. For example River Avon - Avon means river in several Brythonic languages (Afon). The land that contains the modern UK has been done over quite a few times by all sorts of well organised interlopers - Vikings (lads doing the vik), Romans (Senatus PopulusQue Romani), more viking types now called Normans and with a thin veneer of respectability thanks to duffing up Normandy and settling.
I can definitely see that argument, but I feel the issue is that Ive lacked a product-focussed and customer-focussed CEO to reign in his "wilder" impulses (the Edition watches are another example of that).

Jobs may have managed Ive's drive in a way that would not have seemed bean-countery to him but customer-focussed.

In other words, Ive was only a liability in so far as he had no actual peers at the company to reign him in. And it's debatable that that's not really his fault.
Buybacks and dividends are always a good idea.

Companies should always do them, it puts the ball back into shareholders court. If Apple ever needs to shore up its supply chain they can do an equity raise by issuing stock, then shareholders can decide if they want to partake in it or not.

Shareholders should receive their capital back at regular intervals because the CEO can ask it back again.
Daily 20 hour water (& salt) fasting reduced my desire to jump between tasks. Less scatter-brained too. My thoughts stay on rails longer. Didn't change my diet much; I don't eat many refined foods or carbs other than occasional bread.

Years ago in college I was prescribed Adderall but it didn't make me focus more. It made me compulsively clean my apartment, masturbate, tweak out, and occasionally be extremely paranoid of being attacked while on public transit. I was ready to rip someone's head off. I discourage using this medication.

If you haven't reduced carb intake to a bare minimum I suggest maintaining it first for a month before looking for more help.
My misspent teenage years right there. I still have a few functioning Atari ST microcomputers, with Cubase, sat on the shelf, though now they are more curiosity than audio workhorse.

I have a musician friend who still has an Atari ST in my studio, though he also has a C64 for the SID chip, so make of that what you will.

Today I use a Cintiq, a G13 and a USB "keyboard" to give me twistable knobs, and a little ACID plugin and an Ableton plugin I wrote that lets me paint my notes. Final masters are done in Audition.
Appreciate the reply! I do think more transparency for these features and their usage would go a long way to assuage the "fearmongering" that they can generate.
I didn’t say anything in the sort. I said I don’t poke at peoples immutable characteristics, period.

Are you just looking to be offended?

And no for what it’s worth… short people do not run, jump, or fight the same. We could play an anecdote game all day where you find the best historical examples, and i counter them, but let’s not. There are things that make us different, be ok with that, because you sure as hell can’t change it.
Ludwig Ahgren would probably be a really good fit, I think he’d love the opportunity. :)
you are limiting yourself to typing out code, rather than what is amazing about a human brain, the ability to see coherence in random shit and improve it.

If you feel your job is to find neat ways of writing Java or C# or wtfever, you are limiting yourself. You should be looking to offload any repetitive/tedious task to automation, and from there figuring out how to leverage ML to make it efficient.

The "work" you speak of is going to be obsoleted in the next decade, if it isn't cutting edge CS theory it should be done by the machine.
Very impressive! At first I thought it wasn't interesting for me, but the features just kept on coming.

Will have to try the super brightness as the weather keeps improving. I've always loved working outside, but brightness is a bit of an issue.
How about what in Europe? Not sure what you're asking.
> Why would you want to be able to have a simultaneous left and right click?

Video games.
Most crypto people are traditional finance people at this point, this is lost in a lot of conversation about crypto.
Infinite supply of Dixit cards?
I wish there were a pro bono or law-student organization that would take on cases like this. I actually don't know if there's a case here but it definitely sounds like legal bullying. Jump Trading suffered no loss by the person backing out of the deal so pushing forward is really obnoxious. Just to make a point against bad behavior like this, I would take up this case if I had the means.
>"Canada and other govs are looking into confiscating assets of Russians who live in west."

I think they are talking about oligarchs whose assets were acquired as a results of a deal with the government. If they confiscate assets of your regular working immigrant because of nationality that would be outright theft and shame.
How to Hide a Photo in a Photo
This, for what it's worth, is a side-effect of using gopacket, which is a deceptively powerful library. You essentially have a big chunk of `tcpdump`'s encoding available to you any time you're working with packet buffers in Go, because of that library; for instance, to debug our BPF-based UDP stuff, there's an interface that shuttles packet snapshots over perf buffers and about 30 lines of Go code to read and decode those buffers. I was surprised at how much I got "for free" just by importing gopacket.

It's great, more people should do cool stuff with it.