skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Personally I find ARC really easy to reason about and worth it. Essentially, a strong reference goes to “child” objects, a weak reference goes to “parents” or “siblings”.

You can think of your app’s data structures as a forest. The tree roots are your application and any globals, and the children are their fields, which have more fields, and so on. Sometimes a node stores a reference to something which is not its child/nested field but another node’s: e.g. a view might have a reference to its controller (its parent) another view which is not a subview (its sibling), or even a subview of a subview (descendant). The point is, this other node has a different parent, it already
has a strong reference, so inside the child / sibling it’s a weak reference.

Another perspective if your familiar with functional programming, especially if you’ve worked in a language like Haskell that “doesn’t have” references: weak references are conveniences of the object-oriented paradigm which, in the functional paradigm, you would just pass around as function arguments instead. It can be really annoying to update an object without mutation when the object is referenced by other objects - in mutating, object-oriented code, those would be weak references.
My grandmother chewed betel leaves with a small amount of tobacco, betel nuts, lime (calcium hydroxide aka chuna/chun), multiple times a day all her life. Her other diet consisted of tea just as many times per day, and for actual food a diet of rice, fish, and vegetables. For the majority of her life I don't think she actually had access to fluoridated toothpaste and probably used neem twigs or even charcoal at times to brush her teeth. Her teeth were gross, tinted red and brown. She lived to 93 and I never heard of her ever getting cavities or fillings or going to a dentist. In the place where she lived the only reason you go to a "dentist" is to have teeth removed.

Basically what I'm saying is that diet and genetics are a huge factor.
No, I want the public square to be operated by and for the public. Twitter is squatting on the public cyberspace and I think it’s about time that the government stepped in and told them that if they want to monetize free speech, that they have to uphold free speech and cannot manipulate the environment unilaterally.

I know that “public cyberspace” is a weird phrase and hard to parse. I’m referring to the graph of communications between citizens of a country and between countries. In the US, this is a protected space, protected by our Constitution.
um yeah cough "Mỹ Lai" cough
The solution is ask a real professional, not HN amateurs like me.

If you want my crank opinion though, at this stage in the economic cycle you should be in commodities. Sure, you're late to the party and they're going to make you ill with their volatility, but generally that's where you want to be now.

Other options are recession plays like consumer staples. Think about the things people will still have to buy or will downgrade to in a recession. I bought $BUD and $TAP because I think people will drink cheap beer. Cigarette companies are good if you have no conscience and can catch them on a downswing(they're already up). My $KHC bet I made 6 months ago is probably the best thing in my portfolio right now. You have to be prepared for days like last Friday when nearly every stock was down. People are fleeing to dollars, so actually having cash right now isn't a bad thing. Your cash already lost value. We may see a dollar squeeze as people flee to safety and the fed drains liquidity from the financial system before the dollar continues its downward slide(late this year?).

Everything depends on the threat of war right now. Not enough people are talking about the supply disruptions happening. 20% of the world's container ships are currently in traffic jams thanks to Chinese COVID paranoia. Russia, a major commodity supplier, is cut out of the Western financial system. Fertilizer and energy are spiking. Recession may have peaked but it will settle into a steady 5+% rate unless the fed grinds the economy to a halt.

War may already be happening behind the scenes. The FBI is now warning(https://www.ic3.gov/Media/News/2022/220420-2.pdf) of attacks on our food infrastructure, possibly connected to the rash of fires occurring at food processing plants(stuxnet being fed back to us?).

Indonesia just suspended palm oil exports. They make something like 60% of the global supply. Countries are becoming protectionist. We are reverting in some ways to a pre-globalist world.

Sweden and Finland are likely joining NATO. The tensions with Russia aren't going away anytime soon. Even though Putin looks to be in poor health, the Russian aggression is not purely a product of Putin but baked into the national identity of Russia's elites. Maybe a good play, despite already taking off, is defense industry stocks(Lockheed, Raytheon, etc). The world is entering a very unstable period.

One thing you should consider doing as well: buy things you'll need over the next year. They're only going to get harder to buy and they're going up in price. Like a certain brand of shampoo? Why not buy a year's worth. Stockpiling is horrible on a national level, but as an individual it will help you cope with some of the price increases while your dollars would otherwise be stagnating or decaying.

Lets hope the bond market is currently wrong, because they seem to be pricing in many more hikes than the fed thinks will need to happen. There is a risk that inflation becomes unhinged and spirals for a while. The West isn't prepared for that sort of financial doom scenario.
So you pass a law that says no farming in NM? That doesn't fix the rest of the water access policy once the water keeps dwindling. States will keep arguing among themselves and the federal government won't get involved until after a few years of FEMA handouts. Policy isn't going to be able to fix this because people won't want to sacrifice. Even if people in AZ and NM welcome regulation, the other states that aren't hurt as bad won't be willing to compromise any of their water or farming rights. Unless there is a quid pro quo, people in southwestern states are just fucked.
>RC on its own does not obey this property.

It is sufficient in a functional language that lacks haskell's lazy capacity to "tie the knot". Erlang's data structures, for example, are fully immutable, and it is not possible to create a cyclic data structure. Since there cannot be a cyclic data structure, reference counting would be sufficient to manage its memory automatically.

It would still suck since it has to constantly write to all objects being referenced, but it would work.
"Every record has been destroyed or falsified, every book rewritten, every picture has been repainted, every statue and street building has been renamed, every date has been altered. And the process is continuing day by day and minute by minute. History has stopped. Nothing exists except an endless present in which the Party is always right."
awesomeWM. - does tiling and/or floating.
>we should insist on DIY, home, tests that we don't expose people to, but only require a specimen. We can't afford to trust liars again.

Wouldn't that make it even easier to fake tests? I suppose if your goal is to prevent consumers from being scammed (ie. they think they got a real test but they got a fake negative result) that's fine, but the issue here seems to be consumers wanting a fake test so they can travel.
I bonds for children are considered irrevocable gifts, and the proceeds must be used for the benefit of the child (to do otherwise is considered tax fraud). Important context to know before purchasing.
I really enjoyed the book. I live in New Mexico.

It's a little unclear to me how realistic the scenario painted there is, for the simple reason that the main problem with water in the US southwest is commercial agriculture, which uses 75% or more of all the water in these areas. This is the result of ideas promulgated in the first 3-4 decades of the 20th century (the Bureau of Reclamation) which touted the idea of a garden paradise, based largely on the unusually wet couple of decades that had just happened.

If you eliminated commercial agriculture in the US southwest (let's conveniently pretend that this doesn't cover the Central Valley of CA), there's plenty of water for everything else, even in the middle of the worst drought in 1200 years.

The book doesn't appear to deal with this very well. Still, great story and very imaginative.

[ EDIT: one idea I did really like in the book was the part about the federal government allowing states to ban inter-state migration, so that the "Zoners" (people from AZ) could not move, and would effectively become refugees within their own state and nation ]
> Every single one was able to figure out Discord in a matter of minutes and use it daily with zero complaints.

My parents and their friends couldn't figure out Discord after 2 weeks of honestly trying to use it. Biggest sources of confusion seemed to be DMs vs servers, username vs username+number vs nickname, and the sheer amount of stuff onscreen. They reverted to iMessage.
Edge...which is based on Chromium. They said they don't want to use any Chromium derivatives.
Mortality in the past – around half died as children
In some versions of English it is mispronounced would be more apropos
I agree with this so strongly I was about to write the same and have held the theory a long time. I wonder if there is a data set out there to show 95% of the world population has substantially similar apps installed and the ones they care about enough to consider a deal breaker are even fewer and less diverse. I don't think MS would even have had to spend that much.
Looks like they quit when they realized the moderators wouldn’t be able to handle the work load.
I buy unlocked too. But you can get a decent Android phone that does all the major things for far less than an iPhone.
There isn't surplus water in the Mississippi or its tributaries. This is an illusion caused by seeing the river and not understanding the way it works and the ecosystems around it.

Piping water long distances isn't particularly hard, true. But ... piping water uphill consumes extraordinary amounts of energy. Where I live in NM (between 6000 and 7000'), it seems to me exceedingly unlikely that we'd ever see water pumped from within a few hundred feet of sea level up here.
Not insurmountable. Just the answer to the question.
77% in New Mexico.
Any rational investor isn't going to be aiming to cover inflation, they are going to be trying to maximize their rate of return. It wouldn't matter if the interest rate was above or below the inflation rate, investors will always shop around to find the highest return they can get.

I think "greed" is an unhelpful term as it is too emotionally charged for what is really just rational behaviour given economic incentives. So I would avoid calling banks greedy for trying to maximize profit by offering low interest rates just as I would avoid calling consumers greedy for choosing the bank that gives them the highest interest rate.
It's literally what the Fed says, it's nothing but a link to a Fed chart.
In Standard American English true. There are many many dialects and local versions. Listen to the Great British Bakeoff for one full episode and note if you ever disagree with any pronunciations. Now go to Indonesia, where I spent a great deal of time and tell me that Cleaver is never pronounced Clever.
You can use NFT's as decentralized permission tokens for access to decentralized databases.

Abstract all the world's resources and how they're converted between each other into one big linked excel table. Everyone wants to know how resources are moving around, but nobody can be trusted to host "the diagram of everything". Different parts of the excel table correspond to different resources in different places, and have notions of data sovereignty over their resources in the table, with areas of joined access between separate entities along boundaries where they exchange resources.

Obviously you'd use something like soulbound NFT's, so its harder for people to sell off write permissions. But you could use all sorts of Sybil protection techniques.

It seems like one possible starting point for a decentralized communism.
Something like Pop! OS, maybe?

(I personally went radical and run Void Linux. It has no systemd, basically every package is just built from upstream sources nightly, etc. Surprisingly, it's about as fiddly as a Debian box.)
One big goal of XMPP was federated messaging (compare to email), and I'm not really seeing it. At best I'm seeing companies building on top of it, resulting in something hardly resembling the open version. Companies are benefitting from XMPP's freedom to build their own platforms, but that freedom isn't being passed onto end users in the vast majority of cases. Because XMPP, with its amorphous nature, doesn't stand up well enough as a product on its own.

XMPP has succeeded in its other stated goals of being highly extensible and useful for derivative work, but I think that's in spite of the protocol. There are just a lot of solid implementations out there, like ejabberd (which afaik WhatsApp originally started on, and I worked with it in a startup).
Developing vs. developed country is always relative, and the term and the implied benchmark is set by developed countries.

In other words, effectively developed = what we are, developing = trying to be what we are.

It also places unnecessary upper bound on progress (if you call yourself developed, I guess you can stop developing then?).

Ultimately it is forcing a finite game onto the world.

Global south sounds like a better term.
> Promotions for example are always based on nebulous criteria that are often made up on the fly.

The way this actually looks, from the management side, is that people by and large do mediocre work, and fail to ever increase the scope or quality of the work they deliver.

The manager has visibility into the work of many engineers, and can see how one person implements major features quickly, cranks out design documents, fixes a ton of bugs, helps to organize the work of their teammates, brings people together from different teams to make technical decisions... meanwhile almost everyone else takes at least two weeks for even the smallest change, can't answer simple questions about the work they're doing, they don't help their teammates in any significant way, and so on. And those people are bewildered and frustrated that they're not getting promoted.
No big deal, as their founder was one of the most prominent criminals of his time.
I live in NM, and while I may be in a minority here for now, I'd happily support a bill that at the very least banned agriculture that used flood irrigation in NM. A bill that outright banned commercial agriculture might be too much, but I wouldn't rule it out of order if the current drought were to last for say, another 50 years.
It may not pop. Supply issues are real. Certainly it will deflate in the near term as mortgage rates rise further and the economy slows, but it doesn't seem likely to crash(and as a cash heavy renter I would love it to crash).

Some markets will likely see a bear market. Real estate is local. Location matters.

The future is very uncertain right now. I could see a scenario where China moves on Taiwan and we suddenly have 5+ million people looking for asylum. I guess it's one way to get TSMC to setup a plant here.
1. By not doing so unless asked.
2. When asked, I never say should. I present both sides as best I can, then explain why I’d make the preferred choice.
How do you know this? My inclination is to think investors are underestimating the effects of inflation and overestimating the Feds ability to counter it without major rate hikes (like above 7-8% or higher). The Fed has created a major problem by keeping rates so low for so long. Who is going to buy the bonds they are going to have to sell in order to back off quantitative easing. Plus now there is the threat to the US dollar remaining the preferred currency with the Biden administration seizing almost a trillion dollars worth of Russian dollar denominated assets. Other countries are likely taking notice of this.
> In some versions of English it is mispronounced

This is more a misunderstanding of how dialects work. There is no "English" if you consider British, Welsh, Scottish, and Australian English all English which most people do. There are even more extreme forms of English which all can be mutually intelligible with English, but sound very different. There is no one way to pronounce anything, except in a particular dialect.
Pumping water horizontally for long distances: doable, if there is actually water somewhere. Pumping water vertically to the 5-7k ft elevations of a lot of the southwest, not so much.
I personally have a few years of good experience with Void Linux.
So, she still had all her teeth at 93?

It is obvious that if she didn't visit dentists regularly, no one detected cavities, and teeth are just need to be pulled because of abscess from bacteria at the end.
That brings up some memories.

In the summer of 1982 I had a job working at Bell & Howell's headquarters. At the time, B&H was Apple's "in" to schools. The B&H flavor of the Apple II (1) had a black case and (2) had some extra A/V jacks on the back. No school had a budget for computers, but most had a budget for A/V equipment. B&H also had a nationwide service organization that frequented schools, due to B&H selling lots of projectors to them.

Anyway, I used a B&H Apple II to automate some accounting tasks for one department. At lunch I would eat quickly then work on the Apple II exploring it's capabilities -- simple graphics programs, etc. I ended up writing a sector editor, then used TASC to compile it to make it useful. I recall uploading the program to a BBS when I was done, as I had no personal use for it.

My pay was $5/hour, but I burned up $5/day in gas money and $5/day for food, so really I was making $30/day.

I graduated HS and went off to college, and a few times I got calls asking me to debug something or add a feature. I had the listings with me, but it would result in a painful process verbally telling a non-programmer how to edit the program. There was no ability to dial in, so it was a purely verbal process.
There was an item on HN and elsewhere, probably reposted every so often, where a researcher asked a bunch of people to draw a bicycle from memory, and not one of them drew something physically reasonable.

So that seems to suggest that about 0% of "normal people" have "visual imagination".

What proportion of people can disassemble a mechanical device and remember how to reassemble it without taking photos? If it is substantial, why do most people who can afford it have professional mechanics do even simple things?

What about people who have vivid visual dreams, but cannot retrieve details of things seen on awakening? Are they "aphantasic" or not?

Surely the vast majority of people cannot draw or paint a familiar object in detail from memory, if put to the test.

It's utterly useless to do "science" that starts with assuming everybody has a clear and consistent definition of a word denoting the subjective experience being investigated.
Lasers have much higher "antenna" gain. How about using an IR laser to remotely heat a steam engine which runs a generator... I bet overall efficiency is at least an order of magnitude higher.
The reason for the agricultural presence is the sunlight and mild-ish temperatures that enable a year-round growing season.

The UP of Michigan indeed has land and lots of water, but you're not going to be growing a lot there in January.
> A GC must maintain the property that a leak is only possible if an object is reachable from a root. RC on its own does not obey this property.

This is certainly a false claim then. What you're describing is a precise garbage collector, but there also exist conservative garbage collectors which will fail to reclaim objects even when no cycle exists so long as any integer interpretation of currently allocated memory shares the same integer interpretation of an object's memory address.

GNU Java, and the Mono implementation of .NET both use the Boehm conservative garbage collector and they are most certainly still considered garbage collected systems:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boehm_garbage_collector
These things you're listing happened before the scientific method was even developed
Is it more profitable in the short term?
We just didn't know better, the moment I learned to format my PC it was like the singularity.

Still today, there is parents and siblings who don't know better and will not allow their kids to experiment.
It will be. It isn't yet. Friday was a correction but it's nothing like what is coming. The Nasdaq isn't even below the lows set back in March. Yet.
Question/ELI5 for anyone still reading this thread: What if blackholes form a worm-whole emto elsewhere, possibly to other blackholes, they would have enough energy to sustain a large enough wormwhole where They start acting like one or two way tunnels for information across great distances and maybe even galaxies?

Also:The wiki for hawking radiation lead me to the Unruh effect, can the heat from this effect be used to generate even more acceleration? As in, a spaceship only needs enough energy to accelerate to a point where the unruh effect radiation is sufficient to maintain acceleration, after that point it can continue to accelerate without needing to use any fuel?
yes she had all her teeth when she died
yeah like this for anything. String theory is easy if you're mathematically prepared by being a field's medalist
Govt created monopolies are bad whether they are public or private. Private is worse because money is removed as profit, not just reinvested.

Privatisation is good if competition is fostered at the same time. For example by opening existing physical infrastructure to multiple service providers.

Where I live we had (historically) one fixed lined govt provider. When mobile arrived we got 3 private providers. With fibre we got multiple hardware installers (ie multiple companies digging fibre) and then dozens of ISPs running on that.

So far, so good.
So many words, so little clarity.
Debian providing Firefox debs for a long time? I think you are very wrong because Firefox is not even called this way in Debian, it's IceWeasel.
Easy to get 200+ with clearance if you can code.
This Miracle Kitchen would be my Kitchen-from-Hell. Every unnecessary moving part is something that needs to be maintained, and is something that will eventually break and will need to be repaired or replaced.

When I moved into my current house, I found many screws holding the hinges of the kitchen cabinet doors were loose and needed to be tightened. One hinge had become completely disconnected because its screws had stripped from the side board. The previous owners had not performed the most basic maintenance of just tightening some screws. I suspect that a motorized cupboard with motors, gears, rails, and rollers would be a maintenance nightmare. A sink that moves up and down means plumbing pipes that move, which gives me images of water leaking slowly behind the cabinet and destroying the subfloor.
Anecdotally, I don't consume a whole lot of refined sugar but any time I do, I can feel the plaque building up almost immediately. But at least in terms of apples and grapes this isn't the case, nor does it appear to be so with complex carbs including bread and potatoes. Additionally I've noticed most candies and soda tend to leave residual taste in my mouth for hours. So I'm partial to pointing the finger specifically to refined sugar.
We already do this sort of thing in effect with the great aquifers of the US midwest. The result has been the almost unimaginable depletion of the aquifers. You can't pull water out of an aquifer faster than it refills, at least not for very long. They can act as a "water bank" for a limited time, but if you're actually using more water per unit of land area than falls as rain or flows through, the "limited time" part is of critical importance.