skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> Practically speaking, even a basic CRC of metadata and file contents would make most attacks impractical.

If I recall correctly, CRC of plaintext-then-encrypt scheme have been defeated in the past. With practical attacks.

---

> Which you could do with AES-GCM of course, by storing the tag separately. I currently know of no implementations that do so however, but I'm sure there are ones out there. It would require storing the tag per block, which doesn't sound fun or performant.

Here’s an example from possibly the most famous modern cryptographic library: https://doc.libsodium.org/secret-key_cryptography/aead/aes-2...

As for storing the tag "per block", I’m not sure what you mean. Sure you need one tag per block, but with the above API you can store that tag anywhere you want. If for instance you pack them into dedicated blocks, a single 4KiB blocks can store 256 authentication tags. The loss of storage capacity would be a whooping 0.4%.

> When I am referring to authenticating in a way that doesn't make individual blocks bigger, I'm referring to a HMAC signature in filesystem metadata or similar in this type of scenario. Out of band information

Then just store the authentication tag from AES-GCM out of band!! Surely your meta-data can handle a 0.4% size overhead?

---

> To answer your second question in that context - everything from SSL to PGP/GPG, S/MIME, etc.

Thought so. They’re all just like AES-GCM. One of them (TLS 1.3, a.k.a. SSL) can even use AES-GCM for its symmetric crypto.
Yes and no.

Twitter's scale and real-time nature make it a difficult beast. Their network graph contains hundreds of millions of nodes and billions of edges.

And it's constantly updating. So any graph ML algorithms you want to use have to deal an underlying graph that's eventually consistent at best — and oftentimes very sparse in terms of feature availability.
What do you think an example of a site where a new player has come along with a much better looking site than the incumbent and beat them?

Not trying to be negative, I just can't think of any and that would be excellent evidence that it does matter. Just bringing up a list of the top 200 web sites and they are the reference gallery of visually terrible sites.
You took a sample of startup-land with people using the latest buzzwords and came away thinking that the meaning of those buzzwords is actually "scam." I mean how naive do you have to be to not realize how these people advertise? You basically have the same level of nuance as the suckers but with a different predisposition - there is actual tech and progress being done by teams not spending all their money on marketing; I don't suspect your cursory glance capable of finding any.
He has a substantial history of the opposite even.
The question comes into play at the edges - when your ISPs upstream connection is filled what happens? Can they selectively drop packets or do they have to drop them randomly? And can you pay to be in a “never drop my packets” group?
I know this wasn't your point, but because of how orbits and the Earth's rotation works, you can't "hover" above any country that isn't on the equator. At best you can do a highly elliptical orbit that gives you maximum hang time above the target area -- but would also put you maximally far away from the ground if you wanted to deploy anything out of the station. Any realistic scenario involving putting things at specific places on the ground from space in a timely manner involves either flying it from the equator, or using a constellation to ensure persistent coverage.
What speed are you looking for in your CI pipline that you are not getting from mypy? Perhaps you are working on a much larger codebase than I am but the app I use it in takes under a minute. And all the unit tests take longer to run.
I think you're just angry at ISPs (I don't blame you, they're usually monopolies or oligopolies which engage in dirty behavior.) But given the state of the market, I don't know a _single_ ISP or customer that would confuse DIA for regular bandwidth. Buying DIA involves getting a quote from the ISP and going back-and-forth with an operator over how to connect. And the fine print for most ISPs explains what "unlimited bandwidth" generally means.
So would printing every document with a yellow background hide these dots?
Conserving mangroves to protect local livelihoods and the planet
I rebutted against the idea that our economic policy is designed to rob the poor or financially illiterate. The exact opposite is true, inflation forces the rich to put their capital to work. Financially illiterate people don’t tend to have enough savings to lose out to inflation, so that point seems moot. The working class, however, overwhelmingly stores it’s capital in retirement accounts (56% of US workers own stocks or bonds[1]) so they aren’t losing their savings to inflation.

Your rhetoric is using lies to pull at peoples emotions, it’s the same thing all right-leaning libertarians spout. It has and will continue to be bullshit.

1. https://news.gallup.com/poll/266807/percentage-americans-own...
This fight is not so much about usage “bandwidth” as it is about ISPs who want to prioritize traffic depending on the source and whether the source is paying them an additional “priority” fee.

Allowing them to do that creates an non-level playing field, which disadvantages the smaller sources that many users would be very interested to view.
That's why they're not researching how to do it when you have a trusted central authority and permissioning.

Come on man, this kind of comment doesn't add value to the discussion at all. You can do better than this.
I wonder in what context the language comes up for others. I remember having to use it to accomplish something maybe once over the last 25 years(?) and it was so long ago I don’t even remember what it was.
The whole net neutrality saga just exposed the deep regulatory capture between ISPs and the FCC (the Republican Commissioners at least). Pai's argument for repealing net neutrality was that it wasn't a Federal government concern. That was originally what prompted California to institute these rules. But suddenly it wasn't a state issue either.

Weird.

The US has some of the most expensive Internet access in the world. In most places it's pretty crap too. Many places have no competition. Some providers are in clear breach of contract in not providing customers service as they promised to do.

But apparently all that's not enough. We get the argument that the likes of Netflix are "pushing" their data at no cost onto "their" network. This is such a ridiculous argument and is nothing more than an effort to extort Netflix and other streaming services because it's eroding their cable TV services.

No one is "pushing" data onto the network. Customers are pulling that data and those customers, by definition, are already paying for the bandwidth and the network access. But this doesn't stop lobbyists pushing this narrative onto Luddite elected officials. It's double-dipping. No more, no less.

I really hope CAlifornia's net neutrality laws stand and get copied by other states.
I disagree with your last line, especially for Optional (Union in python is basically useless IMO).
But the instructions say specifically to not do this: Do not rinse mouth with water or eat or drink for 30 minutes post rinse. ??
Isn't guidestar a thing?
The best part is the scrutiny was about a restraining order his previous partner got on him.

Imagine being a pretty powerful person in FB, reporting directly to Sheryl, and she tasks you with this shit. What a loser.
I see what you did and I am completely uninformed in my certainty that Dunning-Kruger is wrong!
Wow that was depressing. Even back in the era before online banking and e-billing, in Finland an invoice would include a barcode you could scan that would auto-fill a reference number on the payment (with a checksum to minimize corrupt input).
420 years
> yeah these companies act like were all protecting the coca cola formula or building nukes or something. like really, its blocks of text being put in order

The Coca-Cola formula seems like a pretty good analogy, honestly. Most people can't tell the difference between different cola recipes, and there probably isn't anything in the recipe itself that's responsible for the company's success. Not as much as marketing, and simply being in the right place at the right time, anyway.
The primary beneficiaries of this are basically Netflix and Google, no?

My understanding is most of these policies have always been targeted at the large streaming services that are putting the most burden on the networks and who often already have special interconnect agreements.

The claims that these policies would be aimed at small businesses seem largely to have not been realistic.

The whole situation with lying about what you’re ad spend is getting you seems like a much bigger small internet business issue.
Not this release, but I’m running Fedora with Gnome + Wayland and screen sharing works just fine.
Ask HN: People who use different emails everywhere, who sold you to spammers?
I've heard a lot about people who have catch-all email accounts and subscribe a different address to each service. So, these people may have a nice idea of who sold or leaked their email addresses based on the spam they are getting. Are you one of these people? Can you name your spammers?

As a side note, I have a friend from not-US who by mistake used a special address only for this country's IRS equivalent (he had something like "unit 12A" instead of just "unit 12"), and he would occasionally get physical spam to that address. I remembered that, then decided to ask this.
I have a bunch of stuff, HN included, in my RSS feed that I peruse most mornings. A mix of real news, tech news, gaming news, whatever HN is, and a little bit of business/startup news as well.

I'm partial to the occasional doom-scroll on Twitter as well, especially if something important is occurring in real time (Ukraine invasion comes to mind for this).
> Imagine if...

As someone whose daily drivers consist of decade-old flagship hardware, I don't need to. Outside software support, the main downside of my phone is battery. Maybe I should get a new one - it's from an era where these were still user-replaceable.

My similarly aged laptop? Same thing. I could upgrade the hardware; the small increase in compute power isn't worth the reduction in connectivity (ports) though.

Sure, some will have specific needs. But for the vast majority that doesn't need a 96 GB desktop or a 10K screen, flagship HW from 10 years ago is more than good enough. Just as for your examples where we need better chips: that was true 30 years ago. Nowadays, a smaller nanometer scale than the last 2 cycles probably matters far less than a better chip design for most use cases.
Is it ICANN?
I have an Intel Mac with a small internal SSD.

Pointing the user directories to an external drive is trivial while maintaining the advantages of booting from an internal device.
Because they want to sell you 3Tb of bandwidth but you only use 2Gb, and they want you to pay extra for that 2Gb to not be slow - despite that you already paid for it to be a set speed.

There's no growth left selling bandwidth. So they need to get growth by being anti-consumer.
Hot take: If you think for a moment about the feature name, "type hints", many (all) of the objections the author has become clear.

It is not called "static typing". It's called "type hinting". Based largely on the name, I wouldn't expect it to error at runtime if you tell me 'hello' is an int. That's just a type hint. I WOULD expect a static analysis to flag is, and mypy indeed does.
Also inflation isn’t linear. It is very possible for controlled inflation to be high one year and then low for the next two to make up for it. This idea that once we’ve inflated the dollar by a percent there’s no going back is false.
This looks fantastic. Any plans to open international transfers? (swift). There is a real need for a good api driven cheap solution to move money across countries which is at the moment filled by 3rd parties that are not stable or scalable.
And Bloomberg paid $300mm on $10bn income (yes, income, not revenue). 3% tax rate. Kettle calling pot black and stuff …

https://www.propublica.org/article/the-secret-irs-files-trov...
That still wouldn't be useful. The root problem is that a scoring system that isn't infinite both ways (or the reasonably achievable scores are significantly farther from the bounds than the variance of guesses) will end up with a "clipping" at the edges of the model.

There are ways to fix this:

- Throw out the extreme high and low ends of the data bc the model breaks down there. (Which results in a very boring result)

- Have people guess their score and a rough level of confidence along side it (just a 0-5 sort of thing) and see what happens.

Note that I actually do think from my own experience that the effect is real, but the arguments presented fail to prove it statistically bc the model breaks down at the extreme where the effect is detected.
I love Sheryl. She has something very few possess: IQ and EQ.
We, the non-powerful people, hope that eventually they will get what (should) be coming for them. Darkness dies in the sun, and things like these have to be exposed.
I use lists which is something they seemed to have forgotten about. If Twitter removes lists I will use something like hootsuite
When has he run a social media platform and deplatformed people?

I'm not saying he is going to do a great job at Twitter, but why don't we give him a chance.

If the woke mob and the Trump supporters are equally mad after a year he will have done a good job.
> generally better than dynamic languages for most use cases

Shouldn't then the exercise be to figure out if these use cases are applicable to your situation?

What is your team and company optimizing for?

> How else will languages improve if nobody is working on addressing their pain points?

"See, at my work we need to travel between two islands as fast and cheap as possible. My team is used to high-speed motorboats, but my experience tells me that hydroplanes are faster. I tried putting wings on my motorboats, but it still wasn't as fast. No, we can not buy hydroplanes. No, my team is not licensed to fly. But if no one acknowledges that motorboats are slower, how will they ever be as fast as a hydroplane?

And no, I haven't really looked into the fuel costs of planes vs boats..."
Collocation is how Netflix solved the actual problem which was ISPs not wanting to give additional free transit to Level3.
Apple apparently has forgotten that it makes Finder, but that should have changed to a .sqlite file in the user’s preferences approximately fifteen years ago. It’s so annoying.
The empty set is part of the set of all sets.
I was under the impression that it was going to start "next semester" since about 2016. Let's hope you're right!
That encourages you to live off the intermediate image forever (like autogenerating code and then not maintaining the source for it), but if you miss some data corruption then you're stuck with it.
I once purchased lead weights online, and they came packed tessellated in a flat rate box. Shipper definitely got their money’s worth.
Other than a lot of people preferring the reverse chronological feed, I think the biggest complaint I see these days is the perception that the algorithm is being manually manipulated to promote/not promote certain topics and/or people.

Given that Twitter/Facebook/Reddit/Tiktok are the behemoths in the room that all have the power to sway public opinion by either promoting or suppressing information, I think they should be regulated so that any topic that was promoted or suppressed by the algorithm or manual human intervention should show itself on the content just like an ad does. "This content has been quarantined by [Twitter Staff / Automated Review] and is only available to those with the direct url." would be a perfect example of such a message.

From there, users should have control over if they want to see such quarantined content or if they want a "safe" experience that Twitter curates for them.
CNN+ is shutting down only a month after it launched
Ask HN: Ex-Googlers, for which company did you leave?
I am wondering, what is the next step in the career path of ex-Google engineers?

Is there maybe even public data about this somewhere?
I fall back to Sturgeon’s Law and assume 90% of everything, including me, is shit.
My whole team has moved from 50/50 macs and linux to 100% linux to escape a recent jamf roll out.
Tens of thousands of birds euthanized after avian flu found in Colorado counties
List of birds displaying homosexual behavior
> The trouble comes when it absolutely will not, because the sound of the 'vintage digital gear' is heavily influenced by the primitive DACS and typically non-miniaturized circuitry putting out a relatively low-bit sound with some serious beef to it.

The real question is if you want to accurately clone "vintage gear" or if you want to have something modern which is only somewhat "inspired" by "vintage gear". If you really want to create an accurate clone, sure, this is hard and potentially not that cheap, since it might require multiple hardware revisions before you're satisfied with the result. But if you only want to build something similar, which obviously won't sound exactly the same as the "vintage gear", then it's cheap and easy to do. Also keep in mind that you totally can get e.g. 8bit DACs or 12bit DACs if you really want. Even with "variable sample rate", like what some old digital samplers did. If you then play around with different interpolation algorithms, because modern microcontrollers are fast enough to allow you to do this, you'll get a sound that's surprisingly similar to "vintage digital gear". Sure, it won't be e.g. an E-MU Emulator, but does it really have to be one?
I work on FAANG-scale recommender systems. Most of the time, due to the scale of the problem, the algorithms powering these systems are not anywhere near state of the art. On the other hand, they are highly optimised for the situation. You can bet that every aspect of the Twitter algorithmic feed has been thoroughly debated, thought through and most importantly A/B tested.
Listerine Royalty Case Law
Why did you derail this by mentioning Musk?
I feel like the most human way for us to die out would be one of two things; apathy or aggression. Either way we'll make the planet uninhabitable, through nukes or warming, and slowly starve to death while also dying in freak weather events. We probably won't go 100% extinct, but I feel like we'd do enough permanent damage to the planet and get our numbers down enough for it not to matter.
I wonder what her personality is like in private? Is it the same smirking condescension she displays in public?
Have there been no attempts in Germany at introducing net neutrality?

Also, does the ISP who wrote that linked article, Hetzner, still support net neutrality? I can't find anything else in English about it since the linked article from 2015 (archive [1], and new link [2]), but maybe that's because other content hasn't been translated.

> Hetzner Online stands for high-performance and high capacity Internet. In the last few years, our network infrastructure has expanded little by little in order to provide our customers with optimal performance. Currently, about two-thirds of our network traffic is directly exchanged with cost-neutral peerings of various partners. Among them are privat peerings with large network operators.

> For this reason, we have been increasingly concerned with DSL and cable providers who have no open peering policy themselves but are also not connected to other Tier-1 carriers with sufficient capacities. During the peak traffic period of 7 pm to 10 pm in particular, the concerned DSL and cable providers hit their capacity limits and thereby impede the fluent data stream between individual networks. This has lead to increasing complaints from the providers' customers because the customers cannot access their servers with the level of performance that they are used to having from Hetzner Online.

> These customers already paid for comprehensive and quick access to the Internet with their monthly DSL and cable fees. However, providers are no longer satisfied with just this source of profit. They now also want to collect revenue by charging large content providers fees for access to their network. For this reason, interfaces are being operated at their highest capacity -- to make paid access to the DSL and cable providers' networks attractive for content providers. The end consumer is then forced to pay double for unlimited access to the Internet. We at Hetzner Online do not support such policies and declare our support for full net neutrality.

[1] https://web.archive.org/web/20150906025055/http://wiki.hetzn... (archive b/c the OP link is no longer accessible)

[2] https://www.hetzner.com/presse-berichte/2015/01/156830 (article appears to have been amended)
Division reflects an 'us' vs 'them' mentality. This leads to all the things Yoda talked about.

A single governing body is the only chance at equal justice and opportunity for all; assuming it isn't corrupt, but with that assumption failed there is no justice anyway.
Not having loans is not one of Elon Musk's problems.
If interested, the video is available here: https://cyber.fsi.stanford.edu/events/challenges-democracy-d...
Probably nothing will come of this, as there's a tenuous line to be drawn between squashing the story and Facebook's interests via Sandberg getting pulled in since they were dating at the time. Her perception does affect stock price, after all.

That said, the really damaging thing I learned from this article was that she dated Bobby Kotick. I didn't want to know that.
Comedy is not pretty. In general, for most people, the thing that is funniest is someone else's pain.

But that's not really something you want to introduce young children to, you want to protect them from something ugly for a while until they grow up. Which is a thing dads do, in my experience.
Historically, the term "computer" was first used in 1613 by Richard Braithwaite in his book titled; “The Yong Mans Gleanings.” He used the word “Computer” to describe a human who performed calculations or computations. The definition of a computer remained the same until the end of the 19th century when the industrial revolution gave rise to mechanical machines whose primary purpose was calculating.
Yea, I don’t get it. I have no problem streaming 1080p movies over LTE well over 10 miles from the tower in the desert…
Apologies. I forgot I had posted something. :(

I am a little surprised that every machine you admin has had issues related to swap. Feels high.

For the ones that are now using swap and likely went wonky before, how many would have that crashed due to said wonkiness?
It's not exactly free speech, but it's deeply and depressingly amusing to see him champion this idea that "the algorithm needs to be more open and transparent" when he is very resistant to making Tesla's driving algorithms more open and transparent and very defensive against criticism of them. Lots of lives at stake there too!

His reaction to Tesla leaks/whistleblowing is more directly speech related. And Tesla's relationship with the press.

You are making an error in assuming that "big tech" (which now... doesn't include Musk??) people use their powers any differently than other powerful people. And that moving power between different powerful douchebags is any sort of solution, compared to breaking up powerful actors into less-powerful separate entities.
Interestingly, while the changelog says "Private profiles are in public beta" this is neither a 'feature preview' (in the top right profile dropdown) nor does /settings/profile indicate it's in beta.