skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
What you are trying to describe is not Haskell the language but an implementation, and right now the de facto implementation is GHC. I really can't talk about how GHC works internally, but when it comes to the language you need to think your program as a value, just like `5` or `[1,2,3]` or `{ "name": "susan" }`. That is, effects are values, you compose those effects, and, your program being some kind of effect, is also a value. That's the reason behind `main :: IO ()`: your program is an `IO value`.

When it comes to "executing" your program, a runtime (like GHC's runtime) takes your program which is a value and actually performs the requested actions, dealing with mutation, loops, jumps, etc. This is a hack just as much as any other language dealing with variables instead of the stack, heap or registries directly.

In case you're interested, this idea of using some kind of interpreter which loops over your program and performs mutations and side effects is very popular in Scala: libraries like Cats and ZIO do this, allowing you to effectively get Haskell's IO. As far as I know, tail-recursion is not really needed for this, but when implemented on the runtime it allows the end user to write loops using recursion without blowing up the stack.
AntiBitcoin Death Squads. Cool. The kind of fascist future you imagine for society is exactly what we fight against.

Yes, my answers does not change, and we will fight to ensure such a future never occurs.
- Sports

- Party games (e.g. Apples to Apples, Jackbox)

- Complex video games like FPSs (with enough mechanics and graphics that aimbots would have difficulty), Trackmania, Elden Ring. They have to be real-time competitions otherwise you can just use TAS

- Simon says
Yes, although I suppose even in languages where this isn't mitigated (i.e. Clojure example below), you can offset that inefficiency with the parallelism enabled by functional programming.
I have to disagree with you to a certain extent. Yes the Linux Desktop is a mess, but however I see these issues only when you try stitching things together. I used to do it when I was trying to use Xubuntu, Ubuntu MATE and Lubuntu etc. They are basically "light" distros so any compatibility and functionality you want that is not already present needs to be arranged by you. You have the entire system at your disposal. Now, make the call - whether you want to spend a lot of time figuring it out, or do you want to just go ahead and install one of the mainstream ones like Manjaro, Solus, Ubuntu, Mint, Fedora, KDE Neon is basically up to you. Sometimes it's only a matter of finding the right distro and you're golden once you get there.

I've been using OSX at work and I absolutely hate it. I keep asking myself..why the fuck is my 16GB/512GB Core i7 Mac taking 3 seconds to open the settings UI? Why does the "finder" app suck so much? How come OSX has got some basic usability gaps like windows jumping out of my screen and not having an "auto raise windows on hover" option..? and the list continues. Windows seems better at some of these UX departments in my POV.
Anyway, these proprietary Operating Systems are always a subject of corporate greed. They're never 100% in the user's control and can be remotely toyed with - The companies backing them can happily add/remove your software, send advertisements, spyware, bloatware down your throat and you'll just end up seeing your system resources being leeched away along this process. Apple could be better in this department but I cannot just stand the (subjectively) horrible UX of the entire system.

Anyway, linux can be what you want. I've run KDE Neon on my PC for years without having to deal with any problem whatsoever. It's been smooth and easy and KDE gave me way, way more features than Windows and Mac put together. I'm talking about KDE but on Linux you can get anything you want. All at the convenience of knowing that there is no commercial element behind these things. Since donations are how things usually get paid for in FOSS, you're welcome to donate to keep it lively and bustling. I do, from time to time.
Profound ignorance is insistence of certainty in the entire absence of knowledge of a subject.

Microwaves absorbed in tissue induce electrical currents carried by ions in solution. Just about everything that happens in your body involves ions moving in solution, one way or another. Details matter.
It is still a pretty unexpected reaction. Cassidy had worked for System76 and did elementary work in his free time before. Sad to see this.
By having experience or knowledge of both objects. If you've ever held a tennis ball and have ever seen a keyhole you know which one is bigger than the other, you have no need to visualize them in your mind in order to make a comparison. So long as you can recall these facts about them, you can make a comparison based on knowledge and not on visualization. Now if something prevents you from having this knowledge (somehow you have never seen a tennis ball or a keyhole, or something in your brain prevents you from having the ability to recall facts about the objects like their sizes) then that's something else, but it's not aphantasia.

Besides, visualizations aren't perfectly accurate, they are subject to your own knowledge and memories. And they can be distorted by poor recall or just the imagination itself. I'm capable of visualizing a tennis ball that is small enough to fit inside a typical keyhole, or a keyhole big enough to permit a standard size tennis ball. That doesn't make either scenario realistic just because I can visualize them.
No the ADC use resistors to measure voltage, resistors turn electric energy into thermal energy, they literally use how much time it takes to dissipate electricity as heat to measure voltage.

I know someone who needs to read up on antennas and digital receivers and its not me.
Those perspective items don't really provide perspective. I don't hate them, but a Jupiter day means nothing to me. The "average workday" is good and meaningful.

Some thoughts on good "perspective" items:

* Average runtime of a film

* Average commuting time (US, presumably)

* 15-minute standup
> benefits will need to be cut

You think politicians will be able to do such a thing? If they just decide to print an extra 100B or so every year, combined with allowing the yearly COLA to lag behind reality, maybe the trust fund won't run out after all.

It's a raw deal for everyone in any case, but it's also a third rail issue. Give people an choice between the abstract (deficit spending is bad) and actual changes to their benefits in the negative direction, most people will choose the former.
He's been pretty up front that he's looking for young people, both in this podcast and on the previous messaging of Pioneer.

The cost to someone in their early 20s to take a job for a month or two and then hop to another one isn't very high compared to someone far enough into their career to likely be making changes for their family and possibly face more judgement for a short stint from future interviewers.
It’s easy enough to simply raise the income cap though to shore it up.
>Oh yes, QR codes surveillance.

This but unironically. Do you not see the surveillance implications of having your p̵a̵p̵e̵r̵s̵ vaccine passports scanned everywhere you go?
I think that question pretty much answers itself, especially if one looks at voting demographics by income.

The idea of the republican working class party has always been more of a clever rhetorical strategy than a reality.

(perhaps, on a more speculative note, also a reflection of the seemingly general conservative pattern of wanting to see oneself as "normal", to the point of sometimes fabricating "silent majorities" and such, even when there is overwhelming counter evidence)
> 'How to tell if someone will perform well' is trying to squeeze blood from stone

Well, there seems to be an awful lot of blood . . .

Oh! I bet it's from the wringing but not the stone. Nice illusion, though.
It will have to be international, and law enforcement is loosely police. Even in the U.S. there are tones of depts which are law enforcement and not police .
I don't know about that. More powerful engine, 4 wheel disc brakes (rather than 2 disc, 2 drum setup on a base 924) and the switch to electronic fuel injection instead of K-Jetronic all seem like decent upgrades to me. I had an '83 944 as my daily driver for a couple of years and for a poorly maintained 25 year old sports car it wasn't so bad.

The combination of an interference engine and a super-long manually tensioned timing belt was rather unfortunate though. I never had an issue with my belt, but adjusting the tension was very stressful. Especially since I was too cheap to buy the proper expensive tool and was using one of the crappy "cricket" ones.
Again, functional programming does not forbid side-effects!
So you admit bias against Facebook, and based on your negative feelings about it, have decided their large amount of ml work doesn't count?
Most of our old services are still on 8, slowly migrating those to 11. Sometimes it's trivial, other times it's a pain.

Anything new is at least on 11 and 17 where possible.
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I've been noticing how much I'm "self-censoring" nowadays. The whole "free world" concept is a lie. Even the "guardians of freedom" USA wants you to disclose all social media handles if I apply for a visa. That means whatever I say online is already getting profiled.
Huh, last time I tried to help someone switch, they didn't really like it -- but that was a couple years ago (It was a switch to Mint, and it was long enough ago that this was probably the best pick).
what's worse than a fool? - a fool with a lot of energy
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Windows APIs from what I hear share a similar issue to /dev/random (apps rely on bugs in APIs). Maybe the problem is the lack of forward thinking to fix issues.
> Having that treated as a given rather than a special committment, with extra demands and workload placed on top, this is a problem.

That's never been an obligation wrt. FLOSS development. If you want a supported version of some FLOSS project for your own production use, you can pay someone to be a maintainer.
So, for instance if you were supplied two weird shapes rotated strangely and then asked you if they would fit together like a jigsaw puzzle you can't rotate them and place them together? Man, I can't imagine how this works with assembling furniture.
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I wonder how much innovation in the US is constrained by the fact that people need health insurance, and it is generally expensive as hell.

I interviewed with a finance startup a few years back and everything was great until we got down to benefits. That's when they broke the news to me that even though they were being financed by a cadre of millionaires and billionaires with long histories in the finance and banking system, they didn't have enough money to offer benefits.

LOL. No.
> And we have a judiciary who can —still, for the moment— make and break statue based on their rulings via appeals and the Supreme Court.

One of the nice things about being able to ask for a trial by jury is that jury nullification can help ensure that laws aren't abused even when judges are perfectly willing to "make examples" of people
Yes, TFA is definitely what we want on HN. There's nothing wrong with reasonable reposting. In years past, I had been encouraged by the actual HN moderators to repost.
What do you expect Dems to do at the federal level if they do not have the votes in the Senate?

The Democrats in democrat states have enacted paid parental leave, paid sick leave, higher minimum wages, banned non compete, and many other pro labor laws. At the federal level, the Dems got ACA pushed through also, even though they barely had the numbers and still had to compromise a lot due to just having 50 or 51 Senators, meaning the 1 or 2 Democrats in name only can hold legislation hostage to their will.

It just happened again last year with the Build Back Better bill.
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On all CPUs it is possible to enable the undefined operation exception.

In that case, no NaN will ever appear, but all undefined operations will throw an exception.

So one of the behaviors that you want is available in any computing device and it should always be selected by all programmers who want to avoid testing whether an operand is a NaN. The only problem appears when you write some function in a library for which there is a policy that it should not require a certain FPU configuration to work, but it should behave correctly regardless of the FPU configuration selected by the user.

However the second behavior desired by you is not good, because that is the one that completely breaks math.

On the set of all floating-point numbers, "==" is a partial equivalence relation. It is not a total equivalence relation. Attempting to forcibly define it as a total relation leads only to inconsistent results.

On any set where there is only a partial equivalence relation and a partial order relation instead of total relations, the result of the comparison of 2 set elements can have 4 values: "==", "<", ">" and "unordered", instead of only 3 values, like for total relations.

To the 3 comparison values of total relations, there are 2^3 - 2 = 6 corresponding relational operators.

To the 4 comparison values of partial relations, there are 2^4 - 2 = 14 corresponding relational operators (e.g. "not less than" is not the same as ">=" but it is "equal, greater or unordered", so to the 6 operators of total orders, their 6 negations are added, plus other 2 operators, "unordered" and "not unordered").

Working correctly with partial relations is not really more complex than working with total relations. They are unfamiliar only because for some reason they are neglected in school, where only total relations are discussed in detail.
> I thought it was because there are at least a dozen ways to securely encrypt/decrypt data, most of which are audited.

Any yet people still implement on top of and leverage those lower-level libraries poorly.

>Skimming their site they seem to offer some sort of encryption + service hosting?

I believe they have a hosted SaaS solution now, but Vault is FOSS: https://github.com/hashicorp/vault

>I don't see how this is much different than any of the other options out there.

Vault manages your application-level encryption so you don't have to. That's a lot different than most of the options out there.

>And not really an equivalent to using RSA as it looks to be tied to their hosting.

It's not tied to their hosting. Spin it up on some VMs or a kubernetes cluster.

>I also tend to not trust for profit companies with things like this (esp. if it's closed source or I can't know what the servers actually run).

It's open source and HashiCorp... That's like saying you don't trust Linux with things like this because of RedHat.

>Has this service been audited?

Yes.

>Has it withstood against the US court system like veracrypt has multiple times?

Yes.

>Do their founders have any history that goes against good data security?

How do you not know who HashiCorp is?

>Your post sounds like an ad if I'm being honest.

Nope, just a happy user.
"Freedom to offend" is a core tenet of American freedom of speech. It is not at all present in the United Kingdom or for the most part continental Europe. You can be arrested for Tweeting something mean, for calling a police officer a rude name, for insulting a religious figure. Whether or not whatever it is the Europeans gained in exchange for giving up that right was worth it is up to you.
I don’t understand this comment - the premise was the two items cost the same to make.

Given that premise, it’s still possible to value one less than the other.

Given another premise that wasn’t in the comment… we’ll you can still value one less than the other but so what?
The final decision is not here yet. Resolving the contested ballots could still swing it either way (as of this moment).
Everything you're saying about precision is fine but I'm really confused about why you responded to me to say this. This was a comment chain about how big of a multiplier you need.

> An application that really needs 64-bit numbers, e.g. the simulation of a semiconductor device, is more likely to have its accuracy worsened than improved by posits.

That really depends on what you're storing. For something like voltages, I would expect posits to have better precision all the time. 64 bit posits don't have less precision until you go over 2^21 or under 2^-21.
Without paywall:

https://archive.ph/2022.04.01-175307/https://www.thetimes.co...
Politically, no, that is not simple.
If I asked you that question would you visualize a tennis ball next to a keyhole?

I would not. I'd answer based on what (to the best of my understanding of my own thought process) is something more like a rough tagging and comparison of "tennis balls are roughly this big" "keyholes are roughly this big" -> "the one is too big to fit."

Similarly with something like comparing an elephant to a train. I'm not picturing the two next to each other, I'm trying to remember roughly how big each is.
And the holocaust was just a Europe thing, but I’d still choose not to use that word to describe a technical concept to an American audience.
You need a good 5-10 mil to be secure right now so 800k would take you over a decade
My problem with Linux as a desktop is that it invariably breaks, and when it does, I have to waste a day figuring out what the hell is wrong with it. Windows 11 Pro is close enough to the things I like about Macs to make the switch, and I can run Linux in the hypervisor so that I never have to touch a Windows shell. Hell, I can even run Linux desktop apps right next to my Windows apps.
BRI was two bonded 64kbit channels. i think even with today's compression you'd be hard pressed to have a decent video call experience.

PRI was 1.5mbit, but i'm not sure you could dial out all the constituent channels. (i think it was designed to either behave like a standard leased line or as an endpoint for BRIs to dial into)

edit: looks like you can dial those out... but in practice it's either 2 channels at 128k or 6 at 384k. still not a lot of bandwidth for video (but probably great fixed latency)

fun fact: i looked at starting up an isdn based isp in the 90s. isdn calls were charged by the minute back then, which wasn't great for that purpose... but if you set up a centrex (the phone company's managed cloud pbx as a service), then you could make intercom calls for free between stations... so, the isp would have been a business with each customer site as a branch office. :)
Yea electric conversion is a thing and according to Rich rebuilds they are making better kits instead of wiring everything manually.

But like all car projects it’s a money pit. Expect to spend $50k in parts and labor. And it may or may not be street legal for that price.

Driving the vehicle in places where you don’t have cell service or where it can be cold would be a bad idea if the conversion breaks down. Or just get a satellite phone and AAA.
> What I haven't put my finger on was how both of these games propel you to discover the world, and to find out what's above the hill or if there might be a cave in a cliff. I don't know if it's the terrain design that's actually thought through and not left to some algorithm, or if it's simply the perk of having a great brand behind these games that have rewarded us properly for exploring their previous worlds.

Breath of the wild is a game full of secrets. Things are there and they need to be found.

Many other open world games are not. They’re full of missions. Because the ui is so informative, you actually get rapid confirmation that there is nothing.

A lot of missions start at a hub and make you go to a place and then come back. That’s how that portion of the world gets used. Botw doesn’t do this much. Most content that you find is immediately relevant there because that place is interesting in itself.

Lastly, you don’t have a dearth of dialogue to get through things. Dialogue is fine and all but side quests are conceptually very stupid and the writing is inevitably tiresome. It breaks immersion when someone needs you to collect maguffins again.
An interesting and well written article. I appreciated that they got into horizontal trimming aka field trimming, but vertical trimming like “this person can see all things for all objects except those with property X==1” is a whole separate issue with significant performance issues, particularly around list endpoints. It’s hard to make a one size fits all solution here because sometimes the perf issue is on the frontend (which items can they see) and sometimes on the back end (now for a fragmented set of entities, fetch and return the appropriate information)
Feynman's secret is that he was a legitimate super-genius with the charisma of a normal guy who happened to luck into all his achievements. In reality it couldn't be farther from the truth, but there's nothing more appealing to an average person than an exceptional person who gives the impression that being like him is achievable.
What, just two?
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Reminded me of https://waitbutwhy.com/2014/05/life-weeks.html from the same website. One of the few things on the Internet that changed my entire outlook on life.