skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
This looks a lot like one occult classification of souls: there are 3 positive types (those driven by action/will, love/compassion and wisdom/knowledge) and 3 negative types (posturing, vanity and fear). Every cycle of civilization is started by the former types, and are gradually replaced by the latter types.

This wiki page describes the 3 negative types, and the 3 different cultures they create. The posturing types want appearance of being strong and wise, they are those pseudo-scientists and fake saints, so they create a guilt society. The vanity types want to feel morally superior to others, they enjoy creating contrived dogmas and making others navigate these dogmatic mazes, and they create a shame society. Finally, the fear types create a fear society: in the final stage of every cycle, when the strongest of the fear types are ruling the world, they create a death cult, with dark temples and other attributes.

The wiki page doesn't mention societies created by the 3 positive types, aka the "golden age" of every civilisation.
So then why does Bloomberg build in so many technical indicators into its product?

Look, I share your skepticism of technical analysis, but there are many traders who do not. And when managing traders, you might want to let them trade on TA because it can give them a reason to take action. Otherwise they can suffer from analysis paralysis.
It's becoming clear that with all the brain and consciousness theories out there, the proof will be in the pudding. By this I mean, can any particular theory be used to create a human adult level conscious machine. My bet is on the late Gerald Edelman's Extended Theory of Neuronal Group Selection. The lead group in robotics based on this theory is the Neurorobotics Lab at UC at Irvine. Dr. Edelman distinguished between primary consciousness, which came first in evolution, and that humans share with other conscious animals, and higher order consciousness, which came to only humans with the acquisition of language. A machine with primary consciousness will probably have to come first.

The thing I find special about the TNGS is the Darwin series of automata created at the Neurosciences Institute by Dr. Edelman and his colleagues in the 1990's and 2000's. These machines perform in the real world, not in a restricted simulated world, and display convincing physical behavior indicative of higher psychological functions necessary for consciousness, such as perceptual categorization, memory, and learning. They are based on realistic models of the parts of the biological brain that the theory claims subserve these functions. The extended TNGS allows for the emergence of consciousness based only on further evolutionary development of the brain areas responsible for these functions, in a parsimonious way. No other research I've encountered is anywhere near as convincing.

I post because on almost every video and article about the brain and consciousness that I encounter, the attitude seems to be that we still know next to nothing about how the brain and consciousness work; that there's lots of data but no unifying theory. I believe the extended TNGS is that theory. My motivation is to keep that theory in front of the public. And obviously, I consider it the route to a truly conscious machine, primary and higher-order.

My advice to people who want to create a conscious machine is to seriously ground themselves in the extended TNGS and the Darwin automata first, and proceed from there, by applying to Jeff Krichmar's lab at UC Irvine, possibly. Dr. Edelman's roadmap to a conscious machine is at https://arxiv.org/abs/2105.10461
Can't you go to NA and participate in the Nintendo World Championships?
`We almost need an “Open Search Co-Op” which smaller search engines can join to share technology and refers users to each other.`

Can you elaborate?
Thanks! Fair point about the naming - as they say, there are only two hard things in computer science: cache invalidation and naming things (and off-by-one errors). My personal view is that everyone should be free to pronounce things as they like (e.g. gif) but I didn't realize the implications for sharing and adoption.
>>This sort of approach breaks down as soon as any non-renewable resource, notably land, is involved. You would likely consider a house you have just built on a piece of land as value-added with respect to the land; other people may regard your work as having negative value with respect to the land itself, which is a natural resource, and thus not true private property. And even regardless of the value judgement, because the land is a limited resource, your control over it is necessarily exclusive to others.

It doesn't break down. I consider land to be under the proper purview of the state, under exactly this principle.

>>The same is true of your use of metal to forge an axe. While that may appear to be value-added to you, others may not share your assessment. However, the metal you used has now been removed from its natural condition (presumably in-ground ore) and is no longer available for anyone else to bring their own value-added use to, and thus your action has the potential to be a net negative to the rest of the population. It's not clear what rationale they might have for respecting your claim to have added value.

Not really. The metal you used is so little that it can't have an appreciable negative impact on others. And the state can in fact charge you for taking that metal out of circulation, and redistribute the proceeds to compensate the rest of society for your extraction of it. But it is not reasonable for the state to simply never allow you to appropriate metal, under any conditions, or demand a right to anything you fashion from that metal, after it has already charged you a fee for your appropriation of it.

Now of course, if you go searching for edge cases, you will find them. A coherent moral philosophy doesn't eliminate the complexity of the world, and the challenge of navigating it. But it does give us a baseline moral philosophy that we can all agree to, and then together try to govern in accordance to.

>>There's no clear reason for land ownership given the notion that you should only own value added, but libertarian conceptions of society would be fairly lost without such ownership.

A land tax is perfectly consistent with both land ownership being an artificial right, bestowed by the state, and libertarianism.

It is also, intriguingly, the perfect tax, from an efficiency standpoint, according to economists:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land_value_tax
Very widely, for things like WordPress.

But shared hosting is a security nightmare. VPSes are super cheap nowadays, it's way better to go with that if you're trying to start/run a business.
You make a lot of points surrounding how it's not up to Linux developers.

Yeah, it's unfair, but as a user, I don't care at all whose fault it is. I don't care if Linux developers can't do something about it. If I can't do something using an OS, I'll switch to a different one.

Not all of the reasons OSX still wins out on UIX are based on design/dev/talent, but rather partnerships, and adoption/popularity.
> This is not just an academic exercise. This type of technological progress has the potential to transform personal genomics—where individual genomes can be used to inform health decisions.

I don’t think genetic interpretation is yet or will soon be at a point where a significant number of people (say, greater than a half of a percent) can benefit structural genome information, much less have the field be transformed. Heck, we have a hard enough time resolving the impact of single nucleotide variants in coding regions. While large copy number variants have the potential for significant impacts, for the most part we can resolve these pretty well to the necessary level of detail with current tech.
You're throwing random "objections" with no elaboration, which doesn't prove anything.

> - Replace 'AI' with 'God', does it still make sense?

Maybe in some cases. So what? God is a fairly broad concept in many people's imaginations.

> - Exponents still take time. 2^33 to get to current world population with no hitches.

It's certainly a fairly contested topic in AI safety - how fast will this thing happen? Are we talking seconds? Hours? Months? Years?

There are at least some valid reasons to think it will be on the faster timescale, so not sure saying that exponents take time is a big counterargument.

> - Solomonoff / Bekenstein / Gödel - name your favorite limiting theorem.

I don't think anyone who's well versed in any of these theorems believes that they have anything at all to say about this.

As a simple counterargument - whatever limiting theorem "limits" an AI, can similarly "limit" us.

> - Was any force ever able to get close to world domination? At one point in history the US had nuclear power and no one else had it. Was that edge enough?

I think others have pointed it out, but as compared to the rest of life on the planet, humans are exactly such a force.
Yes, each cell interferes with the next, that is call co-channel interference.
That is a major factor that limits the capacity of a cellular network.
There are a number of approaches used to manage that, carriers spend a lot of money and employ many engineers designing around that.

SON (Self Optimizing Network) is the latest tech that is being deployed on 4G and 5G to help combat that.

BTW, this is one of the reasons you can get much higher tputs with mm-wave because the beams do not propagate very far which makes keeping co-chan down, that's the good news, the bad news is it doesn't propagate well, which means you need way more nodes.
That people who are against good things happening are part of the reason these good things aren't happening.
> If it becomes 'easier' to compress as you squash it, I assume there is some level of resistance before they attempt to squash it, right? Something measurable right?

Yes, there is a measurable force resisting compression, called radiation pressure. (You could reasonably call it photon pressure or light pressure, meaning the same thing.) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiation_pressure

This is the force used in the idea of a light sail. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_sail

It's also used in optical tweezers. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_tweezers
So, any active user might have very strong downvote, but who can have not strong downvote? Like when my comments have zero or negative value.
A lot of 5G conspiracy theories might also correlate with incumbent ISPs (especially cable ones) who can block new wired ISPs but they can't block mobile phones - so a lot of the conspiracy theories included things like "wifi connected by cable to internet is fine" :V

And 5G includes technologies that allow for much denser mesh, higher throughput, lower latency, and more clients per cell enjoying good service. So it could start supplanting wired broadband services.
None of these arguments offsets the risk of payment info theft or identity theft.
My initial reaction: wow, did we find a way to create a mini black-hole? Well, it ain't quite a matter-based gas...

If it was a gas made of matter, and it became easier to compress the more we compressed it, that'd be a recipe to create a black hole.. (?)
Get an internship at a reputable prop shop or hedge fund (that specialize in quant finance). There are plenty in Switzerland.
I think named parameters were a mistake for PHP. They weren’t really added for documentation purposes, but to avoid the situation where a function with n arguments with default values needs you to specify all the intermediate ones just to override a value at the end.

They’re a great idea in languages designed with them from the start, but adding them to an existing language makes something that was previously a private implementation detail part of the public contract, and only for certain versions of the language. There are already packages that opt out of considering parameters names part of their semantic versioning, effectively demoting it to a “use at your own risk” feature.

I would almost have preferred it to be added only as a special case for built-in features, which are almost all plain functions and have become somewhat unwieldy in places. Third-party code is more often than not object oriented, and so could easily lean on stuff like parameter arrays or fluent interfaces to avoid the ergonomic issues from having tons of parameters.
I'm speaking from the perspective of someone who watched my spouse struggle with it for over a decade while copping a completely unacceptable amount of flak from both native speakers and other ESL speakers of other primary languages who want to show them up for what is, to me, a very impressive amount of effort. A common topic of conversation between them and their friends is how soul-draining it is to keep up in English, and most of them are PhDs or high-middle management levels, they're not 18 year olds straight out of highschool English.

I'm not just projecting my own struggles with learning Chinese.
That's a weird thing to say when for example Emacs+SLIME has had everything you wanted from a Lisp IDE for more than a decade.

There's literally no reason for not having full IDE experience in Emacs.
Black Tesla employees describe a culture of racism: ‘I was at my breaking point’
China are doing it and by all objective accounts are doing very well.
being able to prioritize traffic for emergency services etc.

Emergency priority been in every mobile system since AMPS.

5G has a few use cases. In very high user density areas, such as stadiums, it's possible to have a huge number of short range connections in the 24-40GHz band. This allows people at the game to watch the game on their phones. Many major stadiums installed this back in 2020.

If you want huge bandwidth, you're going to need near line of sight to the base station. The high band won't go through much. Stadiums and entertainment venues are the ideal case, because they're designed to let a large number of people have line of sight to something. So they were done first.

Worst case is a subway or complex building interior. Samsung has little brick-sized beam-forming units.[1] It takes a base station every 150-200m or so to provide good coverage in the high bands. AT&T is integrating them into street lights.[2] Not clear how they backhaul.

[1] https://www.samsung.com/global/business/networks/products/ra...

[2] https://5ginsider.com/carriers/att-rolling-out-5g-powered-st...
Isn't this sort of like saying that Shakespeare's works are bad because they're full of clichés?? The game in question is the _origin_ of said memes.
Most of what you say is just leftist framing, like power being a bad thing, and mining companies paying minimum pay to make people dependent. That is completely backwards. You pay people because you need something they can give you (their work force, or something they own or make or whatever). If wages are low it is because of supply and demand. If you demand people should be paid more, their jobs might go away completely and they would be poorer than before.

As for wealthy people being not natural, as I said, usually you become wealthy by giving people something they want or need. That is the best thing to reward in a society.

What do you mean by "natural power imbalances", like somebody having more muscles than others? Then why can't you imagine that some are better businessmen than others, too? Was Steve Jobs just an evil guy becoming rich by exploiting his employees, or did he become rich because he made the world a better place for billions of people? Would the world have been better if Steve Jobs had been shot down at an early stage to give somebody else a "fair chance" in his place?
Linux desktop is a very low bar to clear for nearly everything
Small business have fewer customers. I imagine their workload will scale down to manageable levels. If not there will be market demand to create automation for whatever out of the box system they're using to maintain data.
I see, so the system gains strength against untrusted code (Zoom client, Javascript in the browser, etc.) at the cost of losing strength against the local user. If so then the benefit is really balanced on a knife edge! If the sandboxing is not implemented, or fails, then the untrusted code can run with root privileges!
I don't know why it says that, it's explicitly not: https://github.com/containers/bubblewrap/blob/34a8c8bc870783...

Distros without user namespaces will probably still ship the SUID version though.
RIP, HN hug of death.
> make 45% of company boards elected by workers

This is already the case in Germany: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Codetermination_in_Germany
Nah, peak HN would be someone writing a shitty scraper in Rust to do the same thing without taking the time to realize there’s an algolia api available.
Yes. I don't think we need more frameworks, there are already great options there.

The interesting thing to work on in this space is tooling, so that's where we're headed: full game engine.
Yes, they were awesome: https://imageio.forbes.com/specials-images/imageserve/61558b...
Technically, many games (such as the massively popular smash bros) allowed you to use the wiimote sideways as a normal controller.
Apple M1 performance on Asahi Linux: benchmarks better than expected
Yes, apple does not have the power to not literally force you to do anything, which is an improvement over feudalism. However, if you take apple alongside all their inputs, what you have is an extractive model where shareholders capture the value created by employees and suppliers, and the employees of those suppliers are often the ones being ruthlessly exploited (the aforementioned cobalt miners, Chinese factory workers, etc). Nowadays the truly horrific exploitation is done abroad. The west barely does any material labour like resource extraction or manufacturing, we just shuffle paper around and live off capital extraction and admimistration.

> The poor don't get poorer in a free market..

Real wages in the USA have stagnated since the 1960s [1] as neoliberal (aka libertarian) policies have been implemented. The US has some of the worst rates of education, medical expense, and income inequality in the world. Many cities are unaffordable to the service workers and labourers that those cities require. At the same time, the value of real work being done is extracted from countries in the global South by neocolonial policies. That's not the kind of ethical ideal we should be aiming at.

1: https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2018/08/07/for-most-us...
Do you actually have any first-hand experience with what cultures are like in Eastern Europe or China or India? Or do you just live in the Bay Area, assuming your culture is superior to everyone else's?

And what makes you assume I haven't encountered different [programming] cultures around the world? ...because I have.
"Even selling me on 5G so I'll buy a new phone is unnecessary, the phone manufacturers could sell me on the improved performance directly."

If 5G makes it cheaper for the carrier, they could make plans cheaper for folks whose handsets support 5G, i.e. penalize people who don't upgrade.
And why I have wondered how does the math really work out. Fiber and cell tower cost only so much. And outside some mobile cases does areas where this isn't viable have enough customers?

Then again, USA is always an argument where telco seems to have really failed for various reasons. Still, I see no reason why same would apply to Africa or other markets they talk about...
I can't remember all details but in Lisp in small pieces, author describes variable handling with a table { creation, reference/access, modification, [deletion] }

with each category had it's own optional syntax, many language will avoid this through context in which the symbol is, thus (+ a 1) equates (+ (deref a) 1), but he meant that it was a choice and not an obligation and some systems used $ or other syntactic constructs.
Huh. From what you said and then a quick peek at the docs Zig does seem great in that regard, but in my own experience I’ve definitely found Rust to be equally competent.

What about Zig would you say makes it better? Rust has `cargo build --target <triple>`
If I split people along a single axis, I would be able to find all sorts of correlations. Does that pattern hold even as the lines and makeup of political parties change? Believing transient patterns to represent powerful truths is why so many social scientists theories are as temporal as their finding.
It's not a hard stop between cells. You don't have radio signals and then suddenly nothing because of reflections, absorbtions and the very nature of log scale of signal distance drop off..
BlocklyML visual programming tool for Machine learning and Python
I would be curious, is there a “CJ sub” somewhere dedicated to HN? Fertile grounds for that
Another gem by Ken Shirriff! Master of deep-dives into semiconductor history.
It’s a normal size desk. The key is lots of vesa mount arms.
> Historically that’s never been the case

We overestimate how old history is here. There is a case to be made about how we've enjoyed exponential growth in cosumer technology over the last few decades but that could slow down on a few fronts. For ex- display resolution has reached "good enough" fidelity for a while.

I certainly hope you're right and we find cool, novel use cases but I wouldn't be certain. I personally have not thought about bandwidth for a few years now. Meanwhile I remember the speed bumps being exciting earlier. Diminishing utility is real.
>>> What can the Linux Desktop ecosystem learn from this?

Sweating every detail of a graphical computer is expensive. This cost can be mitigated somewhat by controlling the hardware design. The money to do this comes from people paying for things.
STOP propagating propaganda. The Zelensky regime is perpetrating war crimes and should NOT be supported in any way. If you want to help support humanitarian efforts only.
Thanks a lot for the feedback and suggestions. Hope you find the site it useful. Totally agree with you, SEO is definitely an area to focus on so we can get organic search traffic.

btw - good fun series to pick up post Magic treehouse would be - Press Start, geronimo stilton/Thea stilton and Dogman to name a few.
You're doing privacy a great service, you're charity is awesome!

Are your services also work outside of the US, like, say, Canada?
I think expecting that most laypeople connect the Huawei ban to 5G as a technology is really strange. The conspiracy theories about 5G all relate it to wealthy Westerners like Bill Gates, not meddling by China.
Ask HN: Which book can attract anyone towards your field of study?
If you were to choose one book (or maybe more than one :P) to lure a curious person to your field of study, which will you choose?

For example: How to Design Programs for Computer Science.

Note: It has to be inviting for someone that knows nothing about the field but becomes hooked after reading it. Not some epitome which is revered by experts only.
> There are few things in life that I am more serious about than this. I dedicate ~48 hours/week to my dayjob, and ~50h/week to Zig building Mach and running zigmonthly.org. After three years of aggressively pushing for progress in this exact way, I have no plans to slow down anytime soon.

This is really awesome work, and if keeping this pace works for you all the better. But I just wanted to encourage you to keep any eye on that, and to make sure that you're not pushing yourself beyond what you're able or willing to put into it. I know many members of the open source community can struggle with that balance, and that many of those people would also rather you building stuff like this for 1/5n hours a week for the next 25 years than n hours a week for 5 years and burn out your interest or capacity. Thanks again for building this project, really cool to see!