skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Trying to Make sense of: “with an AdS3 radius which is of order of the AdS5” Maldacena

Feel free to correct me, and also if you think there’s something terribly wrong with the formula, feel free to share along.

Now, AdS3 is a three-dimensional space with negative curvature, which is used in string theory as a model for the three-dimensional world. The AdS5 radius is the distance from the center of AdS3 to its boundary. Maldacena is saying that the AdS3 radius is of the same order as the AdS5 radius, meaning that they are both large compared to the Planck length.

Is this supported by empirical evidence?

No, this is not supported by empirical evidence.

This is based on the fact that the AdS3 radius is much larger than the Planck length, while the AdS5 radius is only slightly larger than the Planck length. This means that the two spaces are of the same order of magnitude, and so the AdS3 radius is of the same order as the AdS5 radius.

The Gibbons-Hawkings metric is a metric on the space of all Riemannian manifolds. It is defined where S is the action of the manifold and R is the Ricci scalar curvature. If we consider S to be an action under the Gibbons-Hawkings metric, where R is the Ricci scalar curvature of the manifold, In that case, S would be the action of the AdS3 manifold, which is where R is normed curvature of the AdS3 manifold.

This is the Ricci scalar curvature:

R = \frac{1}{2} \mathrm{tr}\left( R_{\mu

\mu} \right) = \frac{1}{2} \mathrm{tr}\left( \frac{\partial{{\partial x^{\mu} \omega_{

{\mu} - \frac{\partial{\partial {x^{\mu} \omega_{\mu} + \omega_{\mu} \omega_{

u} - \omega_{

u} \omega_{\mu} \right)

where R_{\mu

u} is the Ricci tensor and \omega_{\mu} is the connection 1-form.

This is the Ricci scalar curvature:

R = \frac{1}{2} \mathrm{tr}\left( R_{\mu

u} \right) = \frac{1}{2} \mathrm{tr}\left( \frac{\partial}{\partial x^{\mu}} \omega_{

u} - \frac{\partial}{\partial x^

u} \omega_{\mu} + \omega_{\mu} \omega_{

u} - \omega_{

u} \omega_{\mu} \right)

There is not enough empirical evidence to determine whether or not the AdS3 radius and AdS5 radius are of the same order of magnitude. However, based on the results of the calculation, it seems that the AdS3 radius is of the same order of magnitude as the AdS5 radius.
> where you could just call "graph" and the computer would display a graph.

Hang on! In what world can you just call "graph" in Python and it would display a graph?

In matplotlib on MacOS at least you try that and you get some bizarre shit about how Python isn't a framework, and you google it and find you have to do some obscure import and the import has to be in a particular order relative to other imports (totally unpythonic). https://stackoverflow.com/a/34583958/583763

Jupyter notebook... don't get me started! You do one thing and it starts a "server", and then you use that to start a "kernel" (and if my CS is dodgy and I don't really know wth these things are then I'm not having a great time already). Then this kernel thing is running Python. But oh, what version? And is it using my virtualenv? And then you google some matplotlib imports. And finally, yes you call "graph" and an ugly matplotlib png is displayed rather small in your web browser.

R however. There you just call "graph".
Hi Guys, I'm the author of this repo.

The tl;dr is that I am running some consumer level hardware and wanted to be able to generate map vector tiles for use with something like leaflet or maplibre-gl to host myself at low cost without running out of memory or having to babysit the process too much. Hopefully others find this useful :).

Feedback and/or contributions are more than welcome!

From the README:

There are some wonderful options out there for generating and serving your own map data and there are many reasons to want to do so. My reason, and the inspiration for this programme was cost. It is expensive to use a paid tile server option after less users using it than you might think. The problem is, when trying to host your own, a lot of research has shown me that almost all solutions for self generating tiles for a map server require hugely expensive hardware to even complete (it's not uncommon to see requirements for 64 cores and 128gb RAM!). Indeed the largest I've seen wanted 150gb of the stuff!. For generating the planet that is. If you want a small section of the world, then it is much easier. But I need the planet - so what to do? Generate smaller sections of the world, then combine them.

That's where this comes in. It does not appear to be a simple, convenient or well documented at least, process of getting everything setup to do this 'bit by bit' approach. It's not too challenging, but it is time consuming, and without a script anyway it requires rather frequent attention on your part.

This programme aims to be a simple set and forget, one liner which gives anyone - even those who are not the most technically minded, or just can't be bothered - a way to get a full-featured and bang up to date set of vector tiles for the entire planet ON SMALL HARDWARE.

...
..
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Thanks for that glimpse behind disc authoring. Yes, I did mean the menus. I just don’t have the vocabulary about what else to call that interactive later that’s omnipresent in DVDs.
They have very long to go before their version of Leni Riefenstahl
Except that unlike NPAPI plugins, WASM is sandboxed.
> 3. One of the biggest things to help me was realizing that no one actually cares what I’m saying or how I come across...

Reminds me of a saying: In your 20s you worry what people are thinking about you. In your 30s you don't care what people think. In your 40s you realize that no one is (or was) thinking about you.
This is good stuff. There should be, ideally, one really good tool for doing plugboard-y stunnel-y type stuff with user-mode WireGuard, where you don't need root to set up the tunnels, and this could be that.
But would I want to insert Dart among one of those 3-4 languages just to make Flutter apps? I doubt it.
On the other hand the physical stores aren’t developing any of the technology used in what they sell?
BALM?
My doctor told me I should stop smoking.

There are a lot of ways to die outside of lung cancer though. Going down this path, it would be safest to not drink alcohol, not drive a car, or really just not live life at all.

My point here is that there are some things that have outsized impacts and can be avoided in isolation. Smoking is like that for health.

Javascript, ActiveX, java web applets, flash, any other way of executing arbitrary turing-complete remote code on my local machine directly, those are all vastly more likely to lead to CVEs than HTML parsers, image parsers, and other functionalities of browsers.

It's perfectly possible to identity and eliminate larger attack surfaces without slippery-sloping yourself into not being able to take smaller risks.
Why would they "inevitably fail"? I doubt this has any significant operating costs: as long as one person pays for this joke of a product, they've succeeded about as much as they possibly can. The only remaining question is how long they'll keep the site online.
But if the blockchain is truly append-only, what stops me from paying the first payment and then disappearing? Even if I pay it all upfront, what if I charge back?
The point is none of the third party app stores pay for any of the platform development, so why should they get to benefit from them?
Meh. That happened a long time ago.
I think by "move on" they meant moving forward with life and getting through your grief.

You are absolutely right though that there are different ways of dealing with grief!
I travel a lot for business and end up riding Uber a lot. I go out of my way to stroke up conversations with the Uber drivers. I ask them about their music. How long they have been in the city. Some spots to visit. How they like driving for Uber.

The last question sparks a lot of conversations. Many do it just as a side gig and for flexibility. It’s the only time that you get to talk to complete strangers while they are work for a prolong period of time.
> In fact, there are many things that violate present morality which are nonetheless right.

Such as?
I think you have it largely backwards, 1918 had more extreme lockdowns. Even though they where not uniform nationwide.

They had actual fines and up to 10 says of prison time for failing to follow mask mandate in SF. This was then copied by other cities in California and other states across the US.

In most places they just shut down schools without any remote learning whatsoever.

That said, the city vs country decide was much stronger before cars. We had less than 1/3 of todays population and large chunk of that was still living on single family farms.
fall, not fail
As I expressed in my other post, your link is one of those studies which focuses mostly on the impact on children. Here's a larger study on the results from Sweden:

Many countries closed schools during the pandemic to contain the spread of SARS-CoV-2. Sweden closed upper-secondary schools, while lower-secondary schools remained open, allowing for an evaluation of school closures. This study analyzes the impact of school closures on the spread of SARS-CoV-2 by comparing groups exposed and not exposed to open schools. We find that exposure to open schools resulted in a small increase in infections among parents. Among teachers, the infection rate doubled, and infections spilled over to their partners. This suggests that keeping lower-secondary schools open had a minor impact on the overall spread of SARS-CoV-2 in society. However, teachers are affected, and measures to protect them could be considered.

https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2020834118

The point that needs to be made is that no matter how immune children are, when teachers are dropping dead or even just getting sick at a high rate without the ability to find replacements, it's difficult to operate a school normally, no matter how much everyone wants to.
We know that how exactly? Because you say so?

When the risk is nuclear war, that is not good enough. No no-fly zone, no hot war between nuclear powers. We are already risking way too much. The expected value of a 1% increase in the odds of a nuclear war is somewhere around a million casualties.
I listen to local radio stations during my travels and have been hearing a bunch of companies advertising about paid on-the-job CDL training.
Russia vs Ukraine might be the epitaph of the 20th Century's romance with the nation-state? Yeah, um... this seems to forget that Ukraine is a nation-state. And that the whole reason the rest of the world is on Ukraine's side is because they don't think that a nation-state should be trampled on just because another nation-state feels like being an empire.

There is a case to be made that Ukraine is showing that a smaller army, with more motivated soldiers who have more autonomy, and with superior weapons, is enough to beat a mass army. This article doesn't try to make that case, preferring to grind the "sovereign individual" axe. That doesn't relate to events in Ukraine at all.
Consciousness is about self-awareness and it does not strictly require nondeterminism or true free will; it is possible to have a universe with conscious agents who aim to change things and experience these changes, however their aims, choices, attempts at change and any success is fully deterministic, what happened is happened.
> Lisp is not type safe.

Typed Racket is, and that is why I love it
Missed opportunity for a "pray as you go" or "monthly prayment plan" joke, but I agree.
thanks for the rec, I'll check it out the article was a fun read
> It was also through movies like "Apocalypse Now" and "Rambo" that the US won the Cold War

What?? Can you explain that?
Yeah, maybe it was a fun mob!
Nothing you said refutes the fact that biological sex classification is 1) useful 2) has and continues to use the terms “male” and “female” for all species 3) such classification are scientific descriptions, not social constructs at all.

Are there traditional gender roles that are social constructs? Sure. Is gender itself a social construct, not even remotely. Reproduction is quite well documented and known, it isn’t some abstract thing that society made up.
I watched every episode of this and craved for more after it was done.

I can still see the skin peeling scene (which revealed the lizard person underneath) as clear as day.
Maybe it's like most other NFTs and is just a pointer to the server where the actual data is stored? If you don't pay, they can just change the prayer to "Jesus, please ignore this prayer" or something.
My first computer. <3
If the number of people who call themselves Christians yet fall for charlatan televangelists is any indication, there will be people who fall for something like this too.
> it’s easy to downplay it or believe that the person struggling can change just by thinking hard enough.

The reason some of us downplay mental health issues is because we hear stats like "97% kids are ADHD" or "74% of university students are on Ritalin" or "108% of Americans are on anti-depressants and visiting psychiatrists"

"Mental health" (without further qualifications) is closer to herpes than to cancer.
The argument that 30% is excessive and a product of their monopoly is bullshit.

1) the majority of apps don’t pay apple a cent because they make their money off selling user information

2) of those that remain most likely aren’t reaching the income point where it stops being 15%

3) 30% matches the payments of every other store, except those stores that don’t pay for any of the platform development. It’s super easy to charge next to nothing when you don’t have to pay actual engineers to make actual products.
Thou shalt not submit chargebacks
> enough to beat a mass army

A massively incompetent one. Change the narrative to a warlord trying to invade neighbouring nation and this sounds less surprising.
The books were not DRM-protected in any meaningful way. They could not have been, given that they were viewable using open source browsers without proprietary plugins.

I remember specifically testing this by borrowing a book, flipping through it, and seeing that the image URLs were all very easily accessible in Firefox's developer tools.
Pandas is some probably very nice and clever Cython wrapped up in disastrous Python. As someone says below, doing anything requires constant reference to the docs, unless you did it yesterday. The semantics given originally to square bracket indexing have unacceptable edge cases with weird fallbacks, and instead of fixing it a bunch of other strange indexing syntaxes have been added on (but any Python programmer will use square brackets first). It's basically a distinct language (and a powerful one if you use it regularly).
Leibniz's rule does hold under these generalized notions of isomorphism and equivalence. Each of these notions implicitly sets apart some class of functions `f` as "not evil", i.e. as respecting Leibniz's rule wrt. that equivalence. So as long as your predicate transformers are not "evil" in that sense, you'll be covered. And in practice, trying to work with possibly "evil" functions without a clear notion of what equivalences would render them "not evil" is generally a waste of effort and leads to results that are not semantically useful.
It has for years now
The boot process you describe is a side effect of using external flash. Microcontrollers with internal flash like the STM32 will just start executing at a certain memory address depending on which boot mode is selected.

I'm curious what you think made the STM32 worse however, as in my experience they have good documentation and good options for the development software (and also a few not so good ones)
Literally every other layout engine in existence is faster and more flexible, even the ones that use native webviews.

And what does "flexible" mean? With Electron you're limited by what HTML/CSS/JS allows you to do, that limitation doesn't exist in native. Do you really think hacking a document display model to simulate a GUI allows greater flexibility than everything else out there?
I'm looking for a good stock to invest in. One in which there are few, if any, 'centi-millionaire' owners. That way, I don't get left holding the bag, when the 'centi-millionaire's have to liquidate. Remember what happened last year when Elon Musk had a forced-sale of Tesla stock?
Thank you. I didn’t quite understand what they were driving at with their comment and now I see that they misread what I wrote.
Interesting! So I can write any Python code here in the web app, and the Python code will run locally on my client machine without sending any information to 3P web servers?
"What’s more, PCBs are manufactured by an automated process, which means they’re much more uniform and reliable than hand-wound machines."

I would have guessed that manufacturers would have machines for winding motors. Do they really do it by hand?
My guess is Medal of Honor.
As noted in this article, it’s insane that the wealthiest country in the world doesn’t have universal healthcare. I know Medicare is complex and not nearly as straightforward as I think too many people assume

Toward the end of the article, to quote:

> At any rate, when it comes to medical care, what’s wrong with socialism? The existing American system, with its dazzlingly inefficient mix of public and private insurers and its legions of redundant paper shufflers, is not a persuasive argument against it. Canada, which does have universal health care, spends roughly half as much per capita as we do, yet has better outcomes, including an average life expectancy that’s more than four years longer than ours. In fact, according to the World Health Organization, the U.S. ranks just fortieth, worldwide, in life expectancy at birth. That’s a little bit better than Ecuador and Poland but a little bit worse than Turkey and Croatia.

I agree wholly with this. Arguably when one of the most complex government programs we have in the US is better than average than the options left with private insurance, even after all the political machinery that messes with Medicare and our system as a whole, it should be obvious by now we are doing it wrong
Try https://lovr.org/ for a really quick and painless way to quickly create a VR app.

"You can write 3 lines of Lua and drag and drop a folder onto an exe to get a working VR scene."
Fossil is ideologically opposed to rebasing which makes it (according to its own docs iirc) not so good for large teams, since the repo is full of tons of useless little commits that git users squash out before merging.
When the hell is Google going to realise the irreparable damage stories like this are doing to their brand? You want to challenge AWS & Azure in the cloud? Then fix this ASAP. Allow additional appeals; no automated bans; provide human responses. Honestly, it isn't that hard.
Tell HN: It's now possible to follow organizations on GitHub
After many years of asking, we finally have an official way to follow an organization on GitHub.

Going to the organization page, there's a popup saying:

"You can now follow organizations"

"Organization activity like new discussions, sponsorships, and repositories will appear in your dashboard feed."

Indeed, there's a new Follow button in the top right corner of the org home page, right there where the preexisting Sponsorship button resides.

Awesome. Thanks, GitHub!

Edit: this appears to be a part of the recent Feed changes announced in https://github.blog/2022-03-22-improving-your-github-feed/.
Post this on the /r/piano subreddit, they will love it too.
Seriously. I thought it was satire for sure but I started the checkout process just to be sure and it seemed real.
You are running tailscale on an SFP???
Well, I’m not a preacher, and LinkedIn is brutal. Regarding providing the avenues to full time, that’s sort of the plan. I hope to convert them - if they want to. Some people enjoy being contractors I’ve found, others are just there looking for the next full time gig.
Why wouldn’t you just run ssh -D to the remote machine? The effect is the same and you don’t need wire guard or wire proxy.
What a positive and uplifting story. Thank you for sharing, and BTW your writing is lucid, clever, and honest. Blessings to you all!
A New Biography Looks Back on Stewart Brand’s Planetary Impact
Is this where the lizardman theory came from?

https://www.vox.com/2014/11/5/7158371/lizard-people-conspira...
Theoretically the goal of SSO systems, just hard in practice with inconsistent implementation and the SSO tax [0]

[0]: https://sso.tax/
What you have up there is an equality. For example, x = y means x and y are the exact same thing. Equality is one example of equivalence relation of which there are a ton. Equivalence relation is a more general concept.

A set is a bag of items. We usually call these items elements of a set. For example, {1, 2, 4} is a set containing elements 1, 2, 4.

Ordered pairs are tuples written like so: (a, b) where (a, b) != (b, a).

Relation is an association from one set to another. For example, a -> x, b -> &, c -> apple is a relation from {a, b, c} to {x, &, apple}. Let R stand for this relation, then we write R = {(a, x), (b, &), (c, apple)} where R associates a with x, b with & and c with apple.

Consider the sets X = {1, 2, 4, 5} and Y = {6, 9, 1000, 5} with the following association R from X to Y: 1 -> 9, 2 -> 6, 4 -> 1000, 5 -> 5. This R looks like an ordering relation meaning this R is ≤. Let's see, 1 ≤ 9, 2 ≤ 6, 4 ≤ 1000, 5 ≤ 5. Then ≤ = {(1, 9), (2, 6), (4, 1000), (5, 5)}.

Some relations are called functions if they meet certain criteria.

If a relation R abides by the following rules it is called an equivalence relation. For any a, b, c in a set S:

1. (a, a) in R

2. If (a, b) in R, then (b, a) in R

3. If (a, b) and (b, c) in R, then (a, c) in R.

For example, congruence modulo integer n is an equivalence relation as it abides by the three rules above which can be easily shown. Two integers a, b are congruent modulo n if n divides a - b.

Equality is but one of many different equivalence relations.

What I wrote above doesn't even come close to scratching the surface of this topic. However, any introductory textbook on abstract algebra, discrete math or elementary number theory will have this material well fleshed out. Also, every intro to proofs book dedicates significant number of pages to the topic of relations. But this stuff is very elementary and many steps removed from category theory and so you are missing some foundational background to understand the topic broached in the article. You want to have some experience with abstract algebra and general topology before approaching category theory.

As for the equality you gave above,

let X = 1 + x + x^2 + ... and Y = 1/(1 - x). Then X is a geometric series and X = Y only if |x| < 1. If |x| >= 1, then X diverges. When X = Y, you cannot talk about one side of the equality diverging and the other not as they both are the same object.

This topic of geometric series (and many others) can be found in any textbook on elementary real analysis. Textbooks are great because they start from the beginning, don't leave out (or add) some random topics, give airtight definitions and the statements are given watertight proofs (like that one above about X = Y needs proof).
Matthew 6 - what a great work

https://web.mit.edu/jywang/www/cef/Bible/NIV/NIV_Bible/MATT+....
I developed my social skills in a similar fashion.

I was incredibly closed off as a teenager and shy. Almost to the point of crippling social anxiety. I remember feeling anxiety even interacting with the cashier at McDonald's.

I was 19 when I went to a rave and took MDMA for the first time and it completely opened me up. I became incredibly social in that moment, talking to strangers, having a good time, and opening up emotionally. That enabled me to take more baby steps in social interactions and develop socially.

Magic mushrooms also seemed to allow me to open up. Both drugs have had positive lasting effects on me. I had stopped taking them in my early 20s, but have started experimenting with magic mushrooms again as someone in their late 30s. The shrooms renewed my openness to others.