skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
The proportion of patients who become addicted from properly prescribed opioids is extremely small. The majority of addicts created were provided with opioids that were not appropriate for their particular medical situation, in doses that were too high, and on a regimen that exceeded in length what was supported by the medical evidence. The proportion of new cancer patients who go on to receive palliative care that includes opioids who end up becoming addicted has always been, and remains, in the low single digits. For patients with a genuine need and who are properly inducted and maintained on them, opioids are a powerful and useful medical tool.

Further, the bulk of use in illegal opioids stateside, such as fentanyl and its analogues, is not (at least today) driven by the conversion of the legal opioid user to an illegal drug user. Fentanyl is now commonly found in drugs that never previously would have contained an opioid, such as counterfeit benzos and MDMA. Further, the majority of fentanyl users on the street arrive at its use after consuming other illegal/street drugs. For those who started on other opioids, their first opioid will tend to be the illegally diverted pills or liquid cough treatments containing codeine/hydrocodone called "lean". Very few new users of fentanyl and fentanyl analogues come from legal opioid users, mainly because very few new users are now inducted on reckless prescriptions such as an immediate script for 180 Oxycontin and 240 benzodiazepene pills a month. Your narrative is about a decade out of date at this point.

Thomas Kline is a superb resource if you want to take a deeper dive into the actual statistics and how the narrative of a crisis was used to systematically deny law abiding patients the pain treatment they should receive. https://twitter.com/thomasklinemd
The hamburger menu on the web is what the touch screen are for cars. You can fit anything on there, no matter what the future might hold. No need to think about your content too hard.

And in fact the designer is really not supposed to think about the content too hard. It's not how we do web. This is how we do: There's a CMS and you can add and remove items. How many? As many as the client later discovers they want.

It makes sense, kinda. It solves issues for different parties that are involved in the process. Like with touch screens in cars, we get something for what we give and it might just be the best we can reasonably do given constraints.

It's just not that great.
Thoughts on the UK Online Safety Bill
Gitx is great for that on a mac, but every time I set up a new MacBook I have to hunt down the latest repo / build. It keeps getting abandoned and then forked and continued, and then abandoned again...

Edit: looks like it's back from the dead again :) https://github.com/gitx/gitx
Where did Fabrice Bellard work before 2012? I'm interested in seeing how he funded his work over time.
Ask HN: How can a content creator (not “IT saavy”)set up a NAS safely/correctly?
I make long form video and audio as a sole proprietor working from home. I have many terabytes of data, stored on a QNAP NAS. How can I figure out if my configuration / set up keeps my data safe, secured, protected, etc. Are there checklists or best practices a layperson can follow to ensure my data is safe and my device doesn't become compromised?

Challenges: Firewalls, networking, routers are largely blackboxes to me, so I don't have a ton of knowledge of concepts / terminology.
No reason for the West to cooperate when Russia doesn't either.
Correct and it's just one of many reasons why checksums and signatures are so important in package managers. There's an automatic enforcement of privacy and integrity.
titles happen because people want to feel good about themselves. The best thing is to just let it go
"If you doubt that, imagine what people in 1830 would think of our default educated east coast beliefs about, say, premarital sex, homosexuality, or the literal truth of the Bible. We would seem depraved to them."

The way I put it is a legitimate if somewhat more abstract (but historically literate) gloss on this. My point is that PG is saying is dumb and ignorant and does not support his fantasizing about being Galileo. I have no idea what point you're trying to make.
Quick Google found this: https://www.source.co/

Edit: There's also this water bottle I remember seeing a while back on Kickstarter or Indigogo. It doesn't seem like they actually sell it on the website: https://fontus.at/
What is different is that urea requires a power source that creates more CO2 than the chemical process uses. So you will certainly (as long as you are using fossil fuels) have a source available.

Those things I mentioned buy their CO2 on the market. I have no idea where it comes from.
Couldn’t they reuse the tensor cores that are shipped in every device at this point? There are already lots of papers on compressing images using deep learning, I don’t see any reason why the companies couldn’t make a video standard that relies on that hardware.
I thought atom was ditched.
Competitors would be VSC, Sublime and JetBrains.
Apple Studio Display Review: At $1,599, You Won’t Get What You Pay For
A lawyer if you can afford to pay one.
Because it will be in the form of a locked down android or chromebook-alike, where you don't have root/admin access or control of the device. Turns out Richard Stallman was right again Tivoization is bad. To bad Stallman has the charisma of well Stallman rather than say Jobs, the world would be a better place.
How'd I miss that Dell Guy is Back? (2021)
Wow. I opened the Linux tarball and had a look around... what a blast from the past. It looks like this is built on XULRunner and friends. I had the impression that platform had slipped into such disrepair that it was no longer practical to ship products based on it.

It looks tremendously useful, though. If it had been around when I was in school, I suspect I'd have found it indispensable.
> Algorithmic destruction

I don't understand this label. Isn't this more about discovering how data is (ab)used by companies (what watchdogs are supposed to do), and less about destroying things with algorithms?
I have a never used clear Enron coffee mug, and a nice Overture (previously goto.net) gym bag.
Americans maybe aren’t used to thinking in terms of conglomerates because there are only a handful of visible ones here but conglomerates are pretty common all over Asia where a single company has holding in a diverse number of industries (eg Samsung cars, Hyundai real estate etc). There are structural reasons for the existence of conglomerates outside of diversification and expansion into adjacent markets. I think your last statement is debatable (that it doesn’t benefit consumers). It really depends — we assume that conglomerate companies will bulldoze the competition with impunity because they’re cross subsidized but in real life this isn’t always true especially if one takes a global view instead of a domestic one.
I am eagerly waiting to buy one. I am extremely lucky that I took stellar graphics courses during my university years. These have by far been the most awesome things that I have done in computer science. The high one can get from having a good render out of light simulation in immensely pleasing.

If any of you have time to go through the book, go through it slowly and carefully. There are a lot of nuances that isn't apparent on the first attempt. It is comprehensible to most of us. The authors have exclusively marked the chapters that can be skipped on the first run. No matter how many times one goes through the book, it will still feel like a gem!
I'm into the glitch art scene and this makes me wonder what happens if you crop/erase patterns of the frequency domain representation and put it back together...
When this was announced, the price was lower than I expected, and I could have imagined getting one some day. I even defended the feature set (including webcam, ports, and speakers) on HN. After reading reviews from the WSJ and The Verge, [1] I stand corrected.

If the webcam is as bad as people say, then it's definitely not worth it. Apple is apparently working on a software fix, but there are no details in terms of substance or timing. I wonder if it will be fixable in software, or whether a hardware fix will be needed.

Another issue I didn't sufficiently consider: the lack of local dimming, which is highlighted in The Verge's coverage, and is pretty stark compared to the (much more expensive) Apple display that includes it. To be fair, I don't know how noticeable it would be for people who work in normal daylight conditions.

1: https://www.theverge.com/22981744/apple-studio-display-5k-mo...
Only if I rebind keys from the very unintuitive default vim binding. It's like it's trying to twist your brain.
Not saying you're wrong at all, I have zero insight into foster care. Just trying to understand.

But why is it a problem if someone sees a family photo and notices that one kid looks different? He could just be adopted, or a friend or something. Is it something like witness protection, the children might have abusive parents that shouldn't be able to find them?

If it's a matter of not standing out, they will stand out just as much when you meet them anyway, right?
> But I have a feeling this would essentially be limited to running old proprietary plugins for which no source is available?

Yes, I have some songs from circa 2007-2009 which depend on windows 32-bit versions of freeware plug-ins whose developers have been MIA for 15 years now. Well, now I know better and try to only use software that I can recompile or write for my music (including pd :-)). But then I also spent 10 years not making much music because of that.

I also work with artists who keep old 10.6 Macs around in case they'd have to perform one of their past songs.
I hate WebKit and Blink's domination as much as anyone, but rather than put up a strong fight, Firefox is begging to lose.

And unfortunately, I can't help but admit that Firefox deserves to lose (not just from this, but from other terrible decisions added up), even if the consequences of a web monoculture are terrible.
The Linux tarball still looks like XULRunner to me.
Ask HN: Did HN posting frequency limits change?
I've been getting "You're posting too fast. Please slow down." messages a lot lately. Even if I try to post an article within an hour of posting a comment. Did something change? I used to be able to post about 3 times every 10min.
There are plenty of no-code tools around. People use them every day.

You will probably not like them, but that doesn't make them vaporware.
Fundamentally flawed idea.
Places that need water are the most are dry, they have no humidity, as there is little to no water in the air.
> I can say that Sun sent me jackets, shirts, books, you name it - once it turned over to Oracle, I had a hard time getting much.

It seems like Sun just had a ton of swag. I was at a TopCoder event and chatted with a Sun rep who was fiddling with his laptop; I noted he had a neat USB hub with a Sun logo on it (pretty small, but I think it might only do usb 1), and he gave it to me. I suspect there was an overflowing bin of them back at the office.
> Are there any compressors that can figure out that they are dealing with something that already has undergone the "throw out imperceptible parts to make it more compressible" step done and just skip to the next stage, so they produce a C' that is a lossless representation of S'?

The compressor will try throwing away exactly the information that was thrown away the first time you compressed it. So basically it will leave the content as is, because there is nothing extra to throw away.

You can easily see this with an MP3 file at 128 kbps - the first time you compress it most of the very high frequency content will be thrown away - you can see this on a spectogram of the uncompressed file compared with one of the compressed file. But the if you compress it again, the second compression spectogram will look very similar to the first compression one, because there is not anything else that you can throw away.

But there is a complication - the audio file is typically stored in the time domain (PCM), but the compressor operates in the frequency domain (FFT), and there will be a conversion between these two domains that you can't avoid. This conversion unfortunately will lose a bit of information and degrade quality a bit.
Disconnect it.

Being connected to a supercomputer solves exactly zero of my needs, wants, or desires.
It seems both Intel and Boeing had similar paths. They were engineering-first companies that were transformed into profit seeking and while they made a lot of money initially, eventually it failed for both of them.

My takeaway is that working hard to build quality products is more likely to be profitable than working hard to make money.
Intel is doing badly recently, but it still generates a lot of cash and lives in a world with chip shortages everywhere. It says its going to invest in new fabs, surely it can catch up with TSM and SEC if it tried. It seems like an industry with so much potential, how can it fail?
I replied to this:

> the rest of the time was due to him doing pass after pass improving the UX
What about places with plenty of water, but where the water's all polluted?
A good example of a really important one is CreateProcess for lpStartupInfo. The value is either a STARTINFO or STARTUPINFOEX and the first member of both structs is cb which is set to the size of the struct that is being used. This allows the code to understand what struct is actually used in the call.
Does FIDL have no more overhead than a non-inter-process statically dispatched C function call to a non-inlined destination? Does it enable the multi-language equivalent of allocating freely mutable data structures (like structs and std::vector and Rust enums) in one file, and accessing its fields or calling inlined methods in another file in the same language? One thing I've observed is Protobuf has caveats when mutated in-place (used as in-memory mutable application state) and Cap'n Proto is effectively impossible to resize objects, whereas std::vector<complex struct> is difficult to access across languages without treating it as a pointer to opaque type.
This looks really cool! This would have been really useful to me a couple years ago.
In addition natural numbers are algorithms, in that numbers are functions of no inputs, i.e. 3 is f()=3, similar to random()=[0,1]. And functions are a subset of algorithms.

My word for algorithms that aren't closed-form functions, my life's work, is "repetigrams" because they involve repetition in the form of iteration or recursion.
He’s been talking about his apps for a decade. I first heard about FastText from an episode of Marco’s first podcast.

He talked about his other app too.

Siracusa even talks about his little Mac App Store apps that he admits may have made $30.

Marco is the only one who considers his app development as a real income stream.
A download identifier really isn't that bad. Maybe they need to actually show some numbers of their downloads to justify budgets and other things.

It's not like they are having tracking JavaScript on 80% of the worlds Web sites like someone else I know, starting with Googl...
What do you specifically mean by every?
Financialization has done this to the entire country to varying degrees.
Does the standard implementation include any similar debug rendering? Seems like the coolest part of the project!

I tend to stay away from Graphviz a lot more than I otherwise would these days due to the lack of manual formatting controls (have spent waaaayyy too many hours writing code to add invisible edges between certain nodes to force row-ordered layouts).
> Veritasium covered this in much greater detail

Big fan of the channel, however he also has another about p hacking which I think applies to his evidence in this video. I agree that people learn the same, but desire and attention aren't discussed enough here. Sure if you force people to try each different way of learning, they won't actually have a "ideal way". However, I tend not to learn if I don't enjoy the way the material is being presented. You can't run a race if you never make it to the starting line.
Pulled pork in a slow cooker is quite easy to make. Brown it in a pan, put in the slow cooker with seasoning, four hours later, pull it. (It’s not a staple for us, but it’s in the regular rotation and I’d put it as slightly less total effort than most of our family meals.)
Firefox users who prefer to download the browser without the unique identifier may do so in the following two ways:

Download the Firefox installer from Mozilla's HTTPS repository (formerly the FTP repository).
Download Firefox from third-party download sites that host the installer, e.g., from Softonic.

It's nuts and another indication Mozilla doesn't understand the reason they exist, but it's not that hard to get around... if you're one of the 0.1% that hears about this.
Not exactly the same question, but I think this fictional Wikipedia article is persuasive on this sort of topic: https://qntm.org/mmacevedo Won't spoil it, but it's definitely worth a read.
And yet... the API and Console remain egregiously flawed. Horrible.

But I guess those are for locked-in customers, so no marketing dollars for those.
You ask me about the methodological "issues" then immediately turn around to defend them... Kind of odd. If you really felt so strongly about this, wouldn't you have already been aware?

The CPI is the primary tool the Fed uses to set policy, policy whose effect has a multi month lag of its own. So by using backwards looking metrics, we severely impair the ability of the fed to set appropriate policy in a timely manner.

If you think the backwards looking metric is still useful, then the Fed should create a new metric based off current market rates, and use that instead. it's intellectually dishonest to defend using backwards looking metrics in the CPI methodology as a forecasting tool for Fed policy. The current methodology clearly masks the actual current market rates for rent.

Including rent controlled units tells us nothing of inflation, by definition. So why does the Fed consider these?

Example: it took a whole year for inflation to be acknowledged as a problem, and rents have barely shown up in it at this point. There are a few percentage points higher on CPI to come from rent alone (assuming other factors stay constant)

Using current market rates is not forecasting anything, it's telling you what rents are today. Using rents from a year ago is backwards looking, pretty obviously. It's a current snapshot of what people are paying, not what price levels are. Which is a fairly useless metric, as the the intent of Fed policy is to influence market pricing, and the biggest use case for the CPI is to provide datapoints to help forecast the path of inflation.
Nice!! Do you happen to know any similar spaces where a 10 year old can further explore programming, technology or science?

My son's teacher recommended that he skip a grade but I would rather keep him in the same grade and give him other fun things to do on the side. He's currently most interested in programming, making stop motion films and chess, but I think some exposure to physics or chemistry might grab his attention too.

Preferably close to Amsterdam, but a short drive is doable too.
You're seriously going to base your conclusion on a Jay-Leno-style "man on the street" YouTube video over the deeply-researched, peer-reviewed academic literature based on the painstaking efforts of trained education researchers?
There is an open source AV1 encoder implementation available:
https://github.com/AOMediaCodec/SVT-AV1
Does anyone know if this is cloud-streamed, WASM, or do you download a native binary to play it?
Lived in Puerto Rico for a while a few years back, and stuff off the beaten path (and plenty of things in town as well) wouldn't have an "address number", but instead would have a "position" based off kilometer markers.

For a good year, my address was something like "KM 5.4 Carr. 635", which was effectively "Kilometer 5.4 Highway 635". And then the put out new kilometer markers and my address changed by 0.2km in one way according to the power company and the other way according to the water company.

And IIRC, the power company had "yellow house in the back" as part of my address, since there were three houses on this lot. Don't know what would've happened if I painted the house!

Edit: Ha! Looks like a few things have changed in Google Maps and a number of things now have addresses showing up with their km marker numbers, which didn't use to be the case. For example, the Caribbean Cinemas location in Arecibo, Puerto Rico [0] has the address "Carr. #2, Km. 81.0 Barrio Hato Abajo, Arecibo, PR 00612"

[0] https://caribbeancinemas.com/theater/arecibo/
I stated that the text of the law was changing in a way that made no change to the requirements imposed by the law. You can't see the difference?
A lifting implementation of a wavelet is pretty low complexity, iirc the CDF 9/7 used in JPEG2000 was effectively a 5-tap filter. Implementation-wise, the biggest issue is that approximately no one bothered optimizing their memory access patters for CPU caches with anywhere near the same attention FFTs got. Then unlike block-based codecs, you basically need to store 16-bit coefficients for an entire frame for 8-bit pixels, instead of per-block.

But ultimately, DCTs make it way cheaper to encode similar but wrong details, where in wavelets details are effectively repeated across multiple highpass bands so the only cheap option is to not code detail.
Three Cofounder Stances: Facing, Chasing and Quitting
It looks to me like this was always the plan.

1. Initally sign up subscribers that can be easily be shared in the near term.

2. Someday, new account growth tops out, as expected.

3. Cancel the shares, and many of those deactivated secondary accounts bloom into fresh subscriptions.

4. Shareholder growth is reinvigorated beyond subscriber base buildout phase.
So the good guys mostly lost through the show, many permanently killed, with whole cities laid to waste and innocents and guilty alike slaughtered, and the victors proved either morally gray or outright mad, and they only won at the very end of the series, and you consider this "easily winning"?

I guess the Allies also "easily won" against Hitler then ;)
I appreciate the depth of this guide.

The display is gorgeous. Why aren't these more common?
Zero telemetry is the only way to go for a modern browser with a sense of decency for the web and the users.

I invite everyone on a Mac to try and support Orion browser - zero telemetry by default.
Totally, you can do it. But the book is so huge that you will miss most of the details. However, you can use it as reference. First follow the ray tracing in one weekend to get the overall idea of path tracing. Then you can start with PBRT.

As for language of choice, anything will be fine. The book will build up a solid foundation. The only thing that can stop you is the amount of frustration which you may face when not figuring out the things. It can be confusing at times, but please give your time and let it sink in. After sometimes, you can review it with a completely fresh eyes and you may fix a lot of issues!

Goodluck!
> Yes parsing C is non-trivial, but that’s true of every language.

Not sure about this. C is ambiguous without a symbol table, and the preprocessor is necessary for populating that. Parsing against all of the correct headers (e.g. libc, kernel headers) with correct macro values is tough.

Most languages' concrete syntax treat type references in an unambiguous way (e.g. separating them from values with `:`), which is just much easier.