skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
"Loudness War" is a bit of a misnomer and this Wikipedia article is rather incoherent in its treatment of the phenomenon (which is real, but poorly explained here).

What controls how loud a piece of recorded music is playing at? The volume knob/buttons (depending on the device); or to put it another way, when you are playing the music for yourself, you control it. If you turn the knob all the way down it will be quiet, if you turn it all the way up, it will be loud. It is therefore trivial to play an album from 1950 louder than an album from 2020: if you want your 1950s jazz record to play louder than your 2020 metal record, the means for doing so is literally at your fingertips.

What has actually happened is that the dynamic range of recorded music has decreased. Dynamic range is the difference between the smallest and largest parts of the signal. Audio compressors reduce the peak amplitude of the signal and can also boost the weaker parts of the signal, so the effect is that the parts of music that were musically intended to be quieter start to sound just as loud as every other part in the music.

This does not mean that the actual volume of the sound coming out of your speakers is any greater, again, you control that with the volume knob. In fact, I would bet that the end result is that the parts of songs that are musically intended to be the loudest tend not to be emitted at as high a volume as they would be otherwise.

The reason for that: if a piece of music has quiet parts (especially at the beginning, as is common in intros), you tend to turn it up. Now that you have increased the total volume, when the loud/energetic part of the song comes on, it will be louder than it would have been had you not turned it up (obviously). If there are not quiet parts, then you never need to turn it up, and you will tend to listen to the music at a consistent level, thus avoiding the peaks of maximum volume that would have occurred had the music had more dynamic range.

This is also why this issue is most annoying when you are listening to a range of different music from different eras (e.g. an eclectic playlist), or, when your music is interspersed with ads. You will turn up music that has greater dynamic range, but then a heavily compressed song or ad will come on, and now your volume setting is much too high to listen to it comfortably.

Lastly, in terms of why: the louder music is, the better it tends to sound (up to a certain point of course). To really get the full experience of a piece of music, you need to listen to it fairly loud. So in an era of songs with plenty of dynamic range, people could make songs stand out by making them much louder by comparison. Once the dynamic range of everything has been ruined, however, this effect goes away and the end result is what you have today.
It also saves battery on mobile.
Your fuel is measured in delta-V—the velocity you can accelerate by in an inercial reference frame—and kinetic energy scales with the square of your velocity.
I'm sceptical there is a long-term solution for people to have all the content available on YouTube (and similar services) accessible by the freedoms we experienced in 1995-2005. You choose either the range of content, or the freedom of choice in how you access it.
Wow, awesome debugging - very impressed.
As Sid Meier’s Civilization game taught me, privateering is explicitly not a declaration of war. It’s been used many times as a Cold War style tactic.

Now, Russia might declare ware and cite this as a reason, but it’s not. It’s more like state sponsored terrorism. Like how Iran isn’t actually declaring war on Israel with its Hezbollah sponsorship.

Similarly, the US wasn’t declaring war on the USSR when it armed Afghan rebels in the 80s.
HN has been flooded with green usernames for a few weeks now. I assume (but do not accuse) that a large part of them are building reputation for online influence in wake of recent events in Eastern Europe. A common characteristic of the recent green usernames is predisposition to associate any comment or thread with the conflict.

Of course, I do realize that my own comment is a borderline rule break.
I watched Freshmeat, religiously, for updates to GTK, WindowMaker, and WMPrefs. I don't even know why I built each release other than because I could and because I was learning so much.

I later started building KDE weekly from cvs during their push toward 2.0, using their odd cvsup tool and somehow lived through their desktop during their CORBA phase. Again, I learned so much during this time which has been extremely useful for my occupation today.

It was a neat time to live in, for sure.
In an uncertain world it only makes sense to provide training to certain specialists whose skills are useful in modern combat. So not just cybersecurity, but I could imagine pro gamers being trained in operating combat drones or other unmanned vehicles.
You could use an Earth lock. They securely fasten your bike to the ground using a focused graviton beam. Works anywhere on earth, but requires a beefy frame.
Just another data point to add to justify raising rates. It's a scam.
I agree with the wisdom that scaling software is orders of magnitude harder than scaling a software product. However, I would say B2B hardware is much more doable than B2C hardware. With B2B hardware you might find that you can sell equipment in the $10,000+ per unit range and if you can keep your BOM cost to <$2000, which is usually doable with low volume manufacturing, without needing scale, you can get to a "commercial" product a lot quicker.
I am curious about these statements. Europe, China and India are still buying oil and gas from Russia. They can still import from China/India. Why would the economy collapse?
People behaving like you distort the market, stop rewarding bad service!

I usually tip generously but bad service deserve a 0.1$ tip. They choosed to work in the restauration industry and they should know that tip is given for good service, so they are suppose to know that if they want the full salary, they should provide some minimally adequate level of service.

If they don't like this they can work in another sector, if the USA is anything like Canada, big boxes shop like Wallmart and BestBuy are hiring in almost every locations. Those place are more apropriate for service worker that don't want to actualy serve the customer.
He's not wrong on the server end if your goal is maximum performance. That's the whole point of unikernels and they can lead to some impressive speedups. More so when you consider how many servers are running single apps inside docker containers in some Linux VM running on a hypervisor which is usually Xen.

Massive inefficiencies that could all be cut down to a unikernel running on the hypervisor directly. Whether that's a good idea or not in practice is a different story, but the performance improvements and energy savings are real.

That said, his issue is less on the strength of his convictions (which, as far as performance goes, are at least on-point), but rather his delivery. He has very little patience and is not looking to debate even when it might be beneficial to himself or to others.
Great points, thank you!

I really love your clarification on point 3. I like to think time spent on the industry is not necessarily an indication for actual experience. I have seen people that have spent years and years in the same company doing the same tasks over and over and I tend to believe that they have grown much less than other professionals that managed to be exposed to more challenges during the same time-span.

I also love the idea of T-shaped profiles and of course communication skills are a must!
I agree about its design, but it's not necessarily designed to lock the bike to.

It's pretty standard in some European countries to simply immobilise the bike by locking its rear wheel to the frame (some bikes come with a simple integral lock for this purpose).

This absolutely wouldn't prevent many modes of theft - but in some places, bike theft isn't such a major industry as it seems to be (anecdotally) in some cities (and in the US).
It's more than enough to infect him with 0days on imessage/whatsapp etc. That's how Bezos got hacked. All they needed was his phone number and using NSO's Pegasus they got full control over his phone. In the case of Zelensky it's even worse, he probably discusses war tactics all day every day. An adversary having that information is equivalent to breaking the Enigma in WW2.
> VITAL is a […] study […], conducted to investigate whether taking daily dietary supplements of vitamin D3 (2000 IU) or omega-3 fatty acids (Omacor fish oil, 1 gram) could reduce the risk for developing cancer, heart disease, and stroke in people who do not have a prior history of these illnesses.

Would be interesting to hear the results for their original research goal. Autoimmune diseases not being in that list kind of makes you wonder wether they didn’t get any results and then went hunting for any correlations they could find and publish.
Vitamin D appears to be essential for immune system function and autoimmune disease is dysfunction of the immune system.
> However, the concept of IP ownership -- let alone specifics of how its structured -- are a cultural and human construct.

Isn't everything a human construct? What does that even mean?
So as of now I can use it your app and to b2?

Because that’s where my restic backups go to (natively).
Extreme Debugger Par Excellence!

What a supérioritégrandeur!
As a whitehat I can say that the AVs that i found the hardest to bypass was ESET32; Windefender, Kasperky, are just behind.
> So nothing would block Russia from issuing Letters of Marque and Reprisal against e.g., shipping going to the EU and the US

Nothing except the US Navy patrolling shipping lanes, as they already do.

If Russian had a global navy they might have a stronger position. But as it is now, pirates will never encounter a Russian ship. They will likely encounter a US ship, especially if they try to disrupt that tanker full of Cheetos (or whatever).
"Cyber war" is bed time story for kids.
Most countries have key disclosure laws[1] which require you to provide keys or passwords to law enforcement. Not being able to remember the password is not a defense unless you can somehow prove it (which is impossible), and people can and have gone to prison for this[2].

[1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Key_disclosure_law
[2]: https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-britain-security-password...
The Long Now Foundation uses five-digit dates, the extra zero is to solve the deca-millennium bug which will come into effect in about 8,000 years.

https://longnow.org/about/
thanks for the nostalgia. freshmeat and slashdot are still in my muscle memory, i can type the adresses blindly. Still consuming slashdot, it has aged somehow better then digg or reddit (considering the atrocious layout vs. old.reddit.com)
Going back to your original comment, if I say "let's talk about linear functions" and then all I say also applies to a more general context, eg. polynomials, then it is fine. But if I say "let's talk about polynomials" and then all I say only applies to linear functions then it is wrong.
Your sarcastic comment falls under the first case, the article discussed here falls under the second.
Yes. Federal flood insurance rates are set to rise to more reasonable levels over the next few years and people are already complaining
To be clear I am not a fan of USDT which has a somewhat shady history and questionable reserves as an asset backed stablecoin with a blacklist of addresses that can be arbitrarily seized just like USD.

I am very interested in UST on Terra, an algorithmic stablecoin whose value is controlled by an automated on-chain process of burning or minting a volatile pair asset called Luna.

Like Bitcoin it can be transmitted to anyone anywhere at any time. It is also a very fast blockchain where payments can be sent in a few seconds.

Like Bitcoin, UST is censorship-resistant, so useful for political activists in less free countries.

It also offers very compelling interest rates on savings that approach 20% APY as well as FDIC-like insurance options for ~2.5% that protect against unforseen failures of the USD peg or smart contract hacks.

The more I learn about UST the more I see it as a more attractive alternative to the USD for power-to-peer cash, payments or short-term savings. Just as I continue to see Bitcoin as a more attractive store of value today and potential global reserve currency in the future.

Terra UST stablecoins are a fantastic technology that solve important problems and they pair incredibly well with Bitcoin to form the base layer of a new monetary system designed to separate money from state.

https://www.terra.money/
This is complex to evaluate. Another issue is that absorbing UV to create Vitamin D happens not within the body but at the skin. Because of this washing and scrubbing thoroughly just after sun exposure can reduce or eliminate generation of Vitamin D. What is considered ideal is to get sun exposure during the day and then avoid showering until the next morning to allow the skin to do its work.
Before people get all excited... Prescription strength EPA can cause heart arrhythmia once you start crawling above 4g a day. No idea if it can happen at doses lower.

https://www.webmd.com/heart-disease/atrial-fibrillation/news...

I still think 1G-2G of fish oil, with more of a lean to EPA, is probably beneficial over the long run. I, personally, take about 1-1.5G a day of a third-party tested brand but only do so 4 days a week. I give myself a break from supplements over Fri-Sun.

Here's a fantastic talk between Dr Rhonda Patrick and Dr. Bill Harris. From the YT Description, he is the author of more than 300 scientific papers on fatty acids and health. He is a professor in the Department of Medicine in the Samford School of Medicine at the University of South Dakota, the co-inventor of the Omega-3 Index, founder of OmegaQuant Analytics, and president and founder of the Fatty Acid Research Institute.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-f-CFQxaUY4
I’ve done the exact same thing, and in addition all email that’s not flagged as Spam goes to a folder called Screener … the workflow for the Screener is to add addresses to Groups (of Contacts) & then I have a small number of rules that file mail. So any email sent to me that’s from an address I’ve already received is getting filed into a Group’s folder. I never would’ve thought that without seeing Hey. I do wish the workflow could be that dragging an email from Inbox or Screener to a Group folder could add addresses to a Group.
Could we understand tips as a lesser form of corruption?

I mean, the root cause is similar: low wages incentives the official/waiter to ask for more money directly to a citizen/client, or else.

There's no tips where I'm from, so tips have always been strange and unecessary to me.

Genuinely wondering. I have no fixed opinion.

Edit to add: also a root cause is that both practices are generally accepted in some areas.
When reality defies common sense
I feel like it’s going to be a Netflix movie with Ben Affleck and/or Charlie Hunnam.
See also: sugar war.
Any hope this book to have a physical release? I see no mention about it.
Seconded. I also strongly believe that if your hardware product is your core competency, it is designed by your team primarily, of course a consultant here or there can always do a good job spicing things up. I personally feel like turnkey product designs services are best suited for companies that have a specific accessory or something that needs to be designed, not the core product.
Well, at the very least don't do it in a privileged docker container.
Milk War
Russian news channel RT to broadcast on Rumble after Big Tech curbs
Ummmm, paywall galore?

are you getting a cut of their ad revenue?

or just to annoy your potential subscribers?
So privateers?
I strongly concur, modern life comes with a lot more noise than in the past
> Because it is somehow morally acceptable to puppeteer some teenage boys as quasi-child soldiers to reach ones goals?

That’s not what the comment you’re replying to said, but the way you phrased it makes it seem like it was. I’d wager the comment was made in jest, but even it wasn’t it expressed a though without commenting on its morality or expressing agreement. You can claim “doing X would lead to Y” and vehemently oppose either or both.

Consider an alternative: “I don’t find it morally acceptable to puppeteer some teenage boys as quasi-child soldiers to reach ones goals”. You’d have shared your opinion just the same without confronting the other person for an argument they didn’t make (which in turn is earning you downvotes and burying your otherwise valid point).
“If China” by Stanislaw Baranczak – Read by Amanda Holms
That is true, however creating something is work, thus the creator should be rewarded for it.

Whether that is by sharing the proceeds of the creation, some state budget or whatever is the next question, but we need ways for creators to be able to create while sustaining a proper life, else there can't be "serious" new creative pieces.

And for some works (software, orchestra music, movie, ...) you also need not only one person but a large group with organisation and all.
> I download the videos for archival, extract the audio tracks and listen to the in an audiobook app

There's the "-x" option flag (combine with "-f bestaudio") which will only download the audio. No need for manually extracting.
As others have mentioned, there's been some minor changes. Back screens have gotten a lot bigger, new viewfinders are digital, and mirrorless cameras are often a bit shallower. But it's true that overall the basics are the same.

I guess the big difference between a guitar and a camera is that a guitar is performative. The guitar and its looks itself are part of the output, along with the sound it produces. Nobody looks at a photographer the same way, we tend to care about their output only.

Personally, I don't find camera design to be boring, ugly or outdated in any sense. In fact, there's few products I can think of that are this well designed. The current layout and ergonomics are battle-tested across a timeline of about a full century.
Europe diversifies from Russia as we speak, and China was already buying Russian hydrocarbons at or below cost.
Probably easiest through his IMDB page https://www.imdb.com/name/nm3305952/
> By default, file icons will preserve their arrangement, which is never what I want.

Tastes clearly differ, because that has always been what I wanted! There is a whole school of thought bemoaning the loss of the "spatial Finder" style prior to OS X, which took this principle even further.
My biggest concern is how docker's default behavior is to run roughshod over traditional unix security. Usually, adding a user to a group grants them some additional files or devices. The expectation is that adding a user to the "docker" group would allow that user to interact with the docker daemon, and that the docker daemon would check user-level privileges internally. Instead, adding a user to the "docker" group allows a user to have passwordless root-level privileges to access or modify any file on the system, regardless of file ownership (e.g. `docker run --volume /:/mnt ubuntu cat /mnt/etc/shadow`).

There's some documentation on how only trusted users should be given access to the docker daemon, but I do not consider it sufficient. At no point in the installation or getting started documents [0,1] is it mentioned that it drives a gaping hole through existing security measures. Instead, the mention was on the security page, three sections down in a discussion about the attack surface [2]. This is the sort of issue that should be in big bold blinking letters at the top of every tutorial, that access to docker is

I know that rootless docker exists and improves this situation, but it is neither the default behavior, nor the introductory example in official documentation. I know that docker's primary role is dependency management, and that it only considers escalation coming from within the container as security issues. But there's a world of difference between "I'm not a locksmith, so I don't sell locks." and "I'm not a locksmith, so I break in your windows." One is ambivalent to existing security measures, while the other, like Docker, actively subverts them.

[0] https://docs.docker.com/get-started/

[1] https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/

[2] https://docs.docker.com/engine/security/#docker-daemon-attac...

Edit: When I was initially researching this, because I was absolutely floored that this security flaw was even a possibility in something as widely used as docker, I came across this reddit post [3], which explains the issue quite well. It is 4 years old and predates rootless docker, but is still accurate to the default and most widely used behavior.

[3] https://www.reddit.com/r/docker/comments/7y2yp2/why_is_singu...
Wikipedia's pretty good at this, e.g.:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_in_West_Africa#January_an...
Why are Windows updates such an absurd experience? All my Macs and Linux machines update without any hassle and without taking so much time, Windows always takes very, very long and what is even more annoying it not only takes forever, but even after waiting 20 minutes for updates and rebooting it still needs new updates.

It is absolutely embarrassing and horrible. A bad, unusable system.

Fortunately I replaced all Windows machines with actual operating systems, so I do not have to use that ugly joke system too much.
I'm pretty sure DMCA has a clause that can hit you with a massive fine over that. Remember, US has sold all of their freedoms off to DRM content owners.
Tipping culture in the US is very weird. I would rather have the prices be 15% higher, and not tip. Otherwise, where does it stop? Do you tip bus drivers? Nurses and doctors? What about teachers? Why not tip at the grocery store? Perhaps you should leave 15% of the flight ticket as a tip to flight attendants?

People should get paid decently, and not rely on tips to make a living.
The ukrainians would vehemently disagree.
As a parent I’ve had tons of concern around this, instinctively felt this is the case but most people I spoke to about it (mostly non-parents) rolled their eyes and didn’t want to hear it. Here we are.
Also don't be surprised that your not for profit folds very quickly.

YouTube got to be YouTube because Google sank enormous amounts of money into it for no return for a decade. Indeed, YouTube probably still hasn't broken even if including those costs.
I would be wary of insurances that require visual proof since that’s really never guaranteed.

The insurance my friend got only needed proof that he purchased a sufficient lock, which they do tell you beforehand, so you can just keep the bill as proof. Also, they need the police report. He got his money quickly. (This happened in Germany.)

He even had one of those fancy GPS tracking looks-just-like-a-normal-tail-light. Neither the police nor the insurance cared and since he didn’t want to confront the thief (or more likely the buyer) all on his own when he got a signal a couple of weeks later he just dropped it …
Or it might be that some people who have been here for many years have some very unpopular opinions, get banned, and have to create new accounts.
I think you bring a very good point. It's true that you need time to be able to develop the skills and the knowledge but it's also true that those skills don't come from free by just waiting for time to pass while sitting idle on a desk.

I have witnessed very very "senior" engineers who didn't really showcase any senior trait, nor they were helping the company or the colleagues in any significant way. Conversely, I have seen very fresh engineers showcasing the diligence and a level of knowledge that you would expect from someone with longer time in the industry. Those tend to be exceptions, but they happen.

Time in the industry is definitely a relevant factor, but I'd say it's also not a guarantee for more seniority...
What happened to femina?