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Along a similar subject, should we someday be able to replace sets of neurons in our brains with nanomachines (built to replicate neurons), would we be able to replicate these data structures? Or are they something intrinsic to our organic brain? Similarly, if we could build even a larger scale version of such external to the brain, could we interface it with our existing consciousness? (Could we then 'share' memories?)

Working backwards from this, could we build (today) a graph-based (or whatever-structure) recording device that will store data in much the same way we build memories? Such would obviously require a greater understanding of the interconnection of neurons and the storage of memory, as discussed elsewhere in this topic. [Small edit: Knowing the data structure is nice; being able to use it is golden.]

I personally believe the next great "hack" our species should embark upon is the brain and the body. We need to be more robust if we are ever to escape this rock. (And the dreamer in me wishes we could keep our consciousnesses and/or memories around eternally, but that introduces entirely different problems, and is probably an unrealistic ideal.)
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AFAIK, Woz had to offer the Apple 1 to HP first because of contractual obligations...
Nice succinct summary!
Those are not ideas.
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I wonder how it works, i.e. what APIs it is using, etc. Any details?

Question on SO: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/7696890/macosx-how-to-cap...
There are so many differences that one's standard intuitions as a computer scientist can be very misleading...

I wrote on this elsewhere:

http://blog.memrise.com/2011/05/how-is-memory-stored-in-brai...

http://blog.memrise.com/2011/05/how-are-brains-different-fro...

For instance:

- Storage and parallel computation in the brain are very expansive and cheap, so the brain prefers to store rather than compute where it can.

- Above all, the brain's storage is highly content-addressable. Similar things in the world are stored with similar representations, so that the brain can generalize, and see commonalities. This is not a graph - graphs are discretized - this is much more flexible.

- Even the acts of storage and retrieval are themselves a kind of computation, a transformation, a compression and a learning experience.

- Memories are not clean silos. Storing a new memory can subtly (and not so subtly) affect other nearby or related memories

- Different parts of the brain use different storage parameters. For instance, the hippocampus is like a hash table, storing each memory relatively cleanly and in isolation, but can only be accessed with exactly the cue. In contrast, the cortex stores memories in a much more content-addressable, overlapping way that's invariant to many small differences (e.g. we can recognize a face whether it's rotated, sunny, tanned, close up, obscured).
Or it might help you reach that goal. Opening up some of your source will give your more advanced customers more confidence in your coding abilities.
> Where is the humanity?

Exactly.
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Indeed:

>It doesn't take special talents to reproduce--even plants can do it.
On the other hand, contributing to a program like Emacs takes real
skill.
Unless policy has changed dramatically since I was in USB drives can be used after they have been classified, properly marked, and scanned. That being said policy and reality are very different beasts. While deployed we had exactly 0 instances of malware/virus on our unclassified NIPRNet devices and at least 2 dozen malware/virus outbreaks on our SIPRNet machines. Usually these came about from the fact that those on SIPRNet tend to be of higher ranks and "above the rules" just like in a corporate structure. The other common offenders where MI and Signal geeks who "knew" better and assumed that their stuff couldn't possibly be infected.
It's also very, very high-dimensional. Imagine a gigantic space, where similar thoughts could be placed next to one another. Thinking would be moving around this space. Free association would be taking a step or two in a random direction. Comparison would be a vector.

This captures a little of the nature of semantic representations (storage of meanings and concepts). But of course, semantic representations differ hugely from, say, representations of a tennis serve, or the phone number you're repeating under your breath while you key it in...
I'm really torn on the "no parens for func calls" thing. It's so damned handy for a majority of cases, but it breaks one my personal rules of "call things what they are". If it's a function call it should look like one. Then this unwelcome surprise wouldn't be a surprise at all. But, alas, I'm bound by Goedel too and am not 100% internally consistent.

I saw Neal Ford's "Abstraction Distractions" recently and a lot of things resounded with me, but one that I liked was a general rule that abstractions should solve 80% of your cases easily, and get the hell out of the way for the other 20% and let you get further down the abstraction tree to solve them yourself. I believe this does.
I personally prefer the smaller screen. It's why I have a hard time moving away from my Droid Incredible. It's the perfect size for something that lives in a pocket.
It's one click install with the Web Platform Installer thing.
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When I bought a new box last year I couldn't get wireless to work. Until I went in to some random config file and forced it to load an older version of the driver because the new fancy version that is shipped doesn't actually work.

But thanks for proving his point by calling him a liar.
As a side note, it is annoying to see you guys talk about a Phelbs that is not known outside US, and do not seem to be an interesting fellow. At least when you were talking about Jobs, the remains of the world knew who he was.
Worse than crazy, he's right.
An NDA for a non-paid position where you give your time and effort to a company sounds like a bit over the top.

If they can't imagine a way to make you productive when you give your labor freely without needing legal representation yourself then they're nuts and don't deserve your gift.
If you're interested in pursuing this, I'd start here (Ken was my former PhD advisor, but I still think this is a rich but comprehensible introduction):

http://psych.colorado.edu/~oreilly/papers/OReillyNorman02_ti...
Why do people on Hacker News routinely complain about business models, management pilosophy or funding methods in technology? Is it perhaps because they realize that their industry, at least, is an ecosystem of concepts and social pressures that will make it either worthwhile or worthless?
>Apparently, RMS would seem to prefer that technology be exclusively Free and used by an tiny elite group of hackers than by millions of non-programmers and only partly Free.

It doesn't have to be this way. Thats' the point. There is no reason free software has to not be usable by the masses.
My bad, I meant resize as in zoom-in out (Ctrl +-) of the page in general, not the $(window).resize().
When speaking publicly, RMS is often tactless, offensive, and socially inept. The "emacs virgins" debacle wasn't an issue of "political correctness," nor is the dust up over his comments on Steve Jobs' passing.

Granted, there may be a utilitarian point regarding Jobs' work to advance closed platforms, and his death meaning he won't be able to do so any longer, but to spit on his grave? Absolutely uncalled for.

We should expect more from our leaders.
Excellent advice, really.

When you give something you should get something in return.
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The way PayPal risk management works is to dump the whole problem on the customer, never on themselves. This is why the "guarantees" on ebay are useless and actually a hassle for all parties, except paypal/ebay.

Try getting a false charge on your paypal card - the moment you notify them, they instantly cancel the card - but to get the money back you have to file a written snail mail report - and then they do not send you a replacement card automatically, they allow it to remain canceled and never support you otherwise unless you specifically ask for another card which will take at least two weeks to receive.

They have no problem with people leaving them as there is an endless supply of newbies and near zero competition with easy entry, because they aren't competing as a bank and don't have to obey banking laws.
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>remember his comments in some mailing list when someone announced they had had a child.

I can't find that comment:(
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How do you account for the fundamentally non-deterministic nature of the universe?
Well, I would not complain on a celebrity forum that the mourning of the next star fill up the home pages, this would be inappropriate. But in hacker news, I thought we would be more immune to these usually harmless and temporary but sometime dangerous loss of reason.
Samurai doesn't solve this problem. A merchant processing through them still needs to obtain a traditional merchant account, and therefore exposes their business to the same risk of having a reserve assessed on their account. If Feefighters is acting as an ISO (merchant account servicer / reseller), they can perhaps cushion the blow delivered to merchants in these cases, but likely not by much.

Stripe allows businesses to process on their merchant account, similar to how PayPal works. This removes the direct impact of a reserve, but if Stripe observes behavior that could increase their exposure to risk, I'm sure they will take action. It seems likely to me that Stripe will be more reasonable than PayPal in these instances, but that remains to be seen.
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Thank you for describing it so well here. [http://blog.memrise.com/2011/05/how-is-memory-stored-in-brai...]
The actor/play analogy worked memorably well.

Haven't heard of memrise before. Yet, having read your posts, I can't wait to try it out.
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I seem to have met a lot of rubyists recently searching for better abstractions. Like OP many go to lisps, especially clojure (OP went to chicken scheme, which i 've never heard of before), and do away with whitespace/precedence/associativity parsing issues.

Others look at static typing w/inference and/or better module systems (O'caml, haskell, scala, F# if you already own Vis. Studio). With these, whitespace/precedence/associativity parsing issues can be amplified or mitigated, depending on whose code you're reading, but once you absorb the language's Gestalt or Sprachgefühl they shd go towards mitigation.

(Go and erlang are getting mindshare also)
What does it say about me that that all makes perfect intuitive sense?

As computer scientists, we get really attached to binary logic because that's how computers work. I think sometimes it doesnt occur to us that it might not actually be the best way to model the universe.
>It makes me think less of him, the guy screwed his best friend.

None of these people are saints. At the time Jobs was essentially a kid. If you dig deep on any person you will find things that will disappoint you. We are human and destined to be flawed. One, or even a few moments, do not sum up a man's life. You must take it in its entirety. Even then, you have to also understand that every decision or path we take will define us, one way or the other.

Ask yourself, is there an Apple without Jobs or Woz? If no, then they were mutually beneficial to each other. In the end both Woz and Jobs have come out with a more significant life than if they had never met.
I did until just a moment ago.

For others that want to set up a password:

I just tried logging in with my username only. I was then presented with a link to "email yourself a new password." Clicked that, had a new password in 2 second and logged in with it.

I do not however, have any idea how to set my own password.
FSF and rms are unrelenting principled. There are not many other political organisations I trust more than the FSF. None, in fact. I commend you for speaking up. Thank you.
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That is exactly what happened to us last year, the moment we went over $100k in sales per month paypal risk management called and forced us to accept their terms in order to continue using paypal. We did manage to get it to 3% of each order + $10k balance, "PayPal will retain in your PayPal account a minimum balance of $10,000 USD and 3% of the net proceeds of each payment received into your account for a rolling period of 90 days ending on the current date."

Unfortunately, there are a lot of people who refuse to pay without paypal, so we were forced to accept this in order to stay in business.

It utterly sucks because it takes any kind of risk from paypals back and puts it in the sellers.

P.S: it doesn't have anything to do with accepting credit cards, they do this every time you hit a large sales volume aka when they assign a 'dedicated paypal manager' to you.

Update: i remember at the time they put a reserve on us we digged in and calculated, figured out paypal holds about $300 mil for 90 days with it's new system, they probably get serious interest from that money, yet we see none, what if the currency goes down in those 90 days and i get to lose a large amount? It's not likely you'd see any compensation from them.
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The image (see link at end for source) has details of the "notable networks" in 1988. It may surprise some people just how expensive online stuff used to be.

(http://i53.tinypic.com/2janfrd.jpg)

Compuserve, charging $11 per hour, had "more than 250,000 subscribers".

The Source, charging $8 per hour, was popular for its conferencing system "parti".

Delphi, charging $6 per hour had a loyal but small (less than 10,000 users) following.

BIX, $9 per hour, grew from a magazine. Notable quote: "This is the computer industry as it used to be: people sharing ideas and solutions without the greed and grit with associated with today's corporate driven, litigation-laced, industry" (remember this was written 23 years ago).

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Many vegetarians believe eating meat is evil. They tell me "you should not eat meat, it is evil".

I agree with them, and yet I eat meat, especially when my mother / girlfriend cooks it for me. Are vegetarians going to moral-judge me? Some of them might; Others would just see me as "strong" enough to resist meat.

With most politicians, the more you listen to them the more inconsistencies you will find. rms, however, is remarkably consistent and is unrelentingly principled.

I wish I were only one-tenth as principled as rms. Then I can reject meat and only use Free software. Alas, I'm not, so... rms can moral-judge me and I won't mind.

I don't think that prevents me from being a support of either causes, however.
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Welcome to Bloggers and the Principle of FUD. Take this post with a pinch of salt.

It's trendy to pick holes at Ruby in various, inaccurate ways lately, but a quote from Matz about that POLS business:

Everyone has an individual background. Someone may come from Python, someone else may come from Perl, and they may be surprised by different aspects of the language. Then they come up to me and say, "I was surprised by this feature of the language, so therefore Ruby violates the principle of least surprise." Wait. Wait. The principle of least surprise is not for you only. The principle of least surprise means principle of least my surprise. And it means the principle of least surprise after you learn Ruby very well. For example, I was a C++ programmer before I started designing Ruby. I programmed in C++ exclusively for two or three years. And after two years of C++ programming, it still surprised me.

You can pick up almost any programming language, not learn it properly, and then pick holes in its various inconsistencies or flaws (my own is over Python's ambiguities over methods vs functions for various things - but I know I'm not a Python developer!) That doesn't make it interesting or insightful. Every language has dark corners and Matz has been more than forthcoming about Ruby's.

This article has numerous curious assumptions and sloppy practices. Local variables called the same as method names? And very few Rubyists, in my experience, would be confused by the key example in the memoization section. Who really thinks || checks for whether a variable is bound rather than doing a logical or? How is it a "what's worse" that instance_eval changes self to instance_eval's receiver? That's its entire reason for existing! The second example under "Local Variables Strike Yet Again" is flat out wrong, even by the author's own admission.. Ruby 1.9 has been the production release for almost three years!
Nice job! Most people pretend to 'get' rms and free software when it suits them.
In Luxembourg http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PayPal#Bank_status

A consequence is "It is therefore not possible for UK customers to obtain legal redress from (PayPal) in the English, Scottish, or Northern Irish Courts"

Another reason for not using PayPal in the UK.
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Why was the first Kindle so ugly? Because Jeff Bezos loved his BlackBerry ...
Yes, it would be good to have clarity on that. Though I remember reading in a different article that it was possible for a judge to call their own witness so perhaps the rules aren't the same as what courtroom drama shows.
any more insight guys?
The most recent claim in this that I've heard about and on which people are willing to bet money is Numenta's "Hierarchical Temporal Memory" = "HTM". Jeff Hawkins (of Palm's Graffiti fame) is behind this and he also wrote a book called "On Intelligence" which discusses some of these ideas.

It looks like Numenta is making some steady progress in trying to commercialize its HTM technology as well.
That certainly seems to indicate willfulness to me. For judges, you can't take the law "too seriously".
A-bloody-men. I read the post and mostly went "What?". If you're calling local variables the same as methods in the same scope then you're just asked for trouble. Mostly because when you come back and read it 3 months later it's harder to pick through.

Think the only related thing I've ever hit and gone WTF at is `foo = foo` sets foo to nil. But afaik that's due to the implementation of MRI/YARV, not all ruby runtimes.

So yeah, as a professional rubyist, reading that post was mostly just me going "WTF, why would you ever think or do that". As Peter says, take it with a pinch of salt.
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I tried to reply to http://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=2939370 but I think that thread is archived so I'll submit a new thread, despite being only a few weeks old.

In a nutshell, OpalCalc is a Soulver-like calculator for Windows (.NET 3.5 or higher), which is as easy to use as Notepad++ or a word processor.

OpalCalc allows natural language in the sum and multi-line support so you can go back and adjust your previous calculations on the fly. You can insert variables and create custom functions as well as tons of other stuff (the link includes a video and images which shows a lot of its functionality).

I hope this software is of interest to many of you, as it is a 'first of its kind' for Windows.
Social or social network simply means individuals tied by one or more specific types of interdependencies (ie, friendships, common interests, groups etc). At its basic element, such online networks are repositories of “who I know and this is what I want them to know about me”. But as a network for socializing, does the average user use these networks to really socialize? Yes (and no), but at the very minimum, it generally entails posting updates on one’s life, sharing family/vacation photos, making announcements, all with the intention that the friends/people that we have allowed to share this information will ‘click’ on your bookpage to read about it (note: strangers can visit but not share some info).

This is a ‘one-way’ socialization process. So are (technical/introvert) people who are ‘not sociable’ in real life (as you put it) ‘less qualified’ to produce a social network than their counterparts? Alternatively, you could argue that the people that actively use such social networks are vain, narcissist, an with an underlying desire to measure their self-worth by the number of friends they have (this is stretching it a little, so no disrespect to those who actively use such social networks). So, the techies/introverts may merely be cautious about posting their info online; it does not entirely disqualify them from making social apps.

As I see it, the medium of social networking should be less ‘one-way’ socialization and more like being in the same room with all these people. Facebook, for example, seems more like a room full of people who walk around with a whiteboard obscuring their faces and posting all of their personal info on these whiteboards, ie, we really don’t know if they are who they say they are. Google+ is no more different – it is the same room, minus the whiteboards (because you’ve invited friends to join your circle and, thus, share your info). However, the Google+ room is filled specific/private circles, ie, the ‘cool/popular kids circle’, the ‘nerdy/geeky kids circle’, the ‘rebellious kids circle’ – to use a high school analogy =).

I think there are two arguments here: 1) current online social mediums are not conducive to traditional (‘two-way’) socializing and 2) given a medium that supports ‘two-way’ socializing, everyone can and will be sociable.
To "try them out" you have to teach them enough about your process and code base to be useful. That still can take significant amounts of time. The primary investment isn't money, it's time.
Nobody has to be a saint, but there is something very uncomfortable about putting one over on a friend like that.
> In the last 40 years, the major innovation in software
> engineering has been the development of what are called
> object-oriented programming languages.

Is it?
U mean microsoft web platform??? but wamp is even more flexible to tweak :)
Noted, and this is very much on our list. Thanks for chiming in.
That wasn't the first time RMS had said something like that, but to say it to a fellow dev, when you're asking that person to fix someone else's bug, seems particularly unaware.

For sure, Asperger's or Autism explains it, but doesn't make it much easier to deal with.
>The freedom to improve the program, and release your improvements (and modified versions in general) to the public, so that the whole community benefits.

...

>you dont have the right to change the meaning of term for the sake of argument.

So we should have the right to improve software, but not to improve the definition of words (or to use them the way that most people typically do)? Time to fight back against this tyrany and start the Free Language Foundation.
...a message to HP.