skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Operating Systems: Three Easy Pieces

https://pages.cs.wisc.edu/~remzi/OSTEP/

I failed the interview for an internship I really wanted in my 2nd year of engineering; I did get a shit internship that summer, but being really shaken at my incompetence, I took up this book, and quite honestly, it changed everything!

It truly sparked an interest in systems for me. The book helped me build a strong foundation in systems; Processes, memory, filesystems, networks, concurrency, synchronization and more. After reading OSTEP, it felt like an epiphany, and I charted a path for the rest of 2 years of college around distributed systems, systems research, and virtualization.

And the best part is that all this knowledge is free! Kudos to Professor Remzi and his work!
I think there was a time where people thought #FFFFFF backgrounds and #000000 text was boring. Probably influenced by http://bettermotherfuckingwebsite.com/ which was being used as CSS minimalist best practice for some reason.

And there were tools like https://webaim.org/resources/contrastchecker/ where you can check whether your gray on gray meets accessibility guidelines.

So designers would hug as close to accessibility guidelines as possible, as a show of skill.

Then there were memes like this going around: https://www.boredpanda.com/designer-price-list-client-helps-...

So people decided to trust the designers to do their jobs and nobody brought up the obvious downsides of gray on gray. And if they did, the designer would point out that it meets WCAG AA requirements, which is safe for disabled people. Who is the PM to argue with the expert who knows their data?
Which attempts of the dialogue are you referring to, specifically? Examples of such a dialogue would include NATO and Putin officials discussing new NATO memberships, future roadmaps to the regional stability and/or compromises. I don't have a recollection of such talks talking place in my living memory of the last 10 years, but I am also not a walking historical archive, either.

If you could point to concrete instances of such talks, that would be great.
Maybe this would not have happened had nato not tried to expand to ukraine
Use the price of solar+storage instead.
As someone who dabbled in Scala in school and a professional Kotlin programmer, hearing someone recommend Scala as a sane alternative makes me fearful of Haskell.
I'd also recommend Writing An Interpreter In Go [1] by Thorsten Ball, and its companion, Writing A Compiler In Go.

[1] https://interpreterbook.com/
I have this problem where I work in IT.

I get handed a task which has been decided by layers of several people, I complete the task and then the client comes back to me, wondering why what they want doesn't work, the problem, the task I was asked to complete doesn't solve the original client problem or only partly solves it because many people that did not understand the issue or do not have the technical understanding defined what needed to do and the issue is I had no visibility of the original issue, which I could of easily advised or sorted had I been involved in that.

What happens is they decide what needs to be done and then send me the task, I have no idea of the original problem or what this task does in relation to the chain of everything else.

Instead it's me looks bad and me the client is upset with, while the others that decided this have long gone and moved onto something else.
The Annotated Turing by Petzold (On Computable Numbers broken down, annotated, explained, and talked around. Would recommend to anyone interested in CS but without (yet) having formally studied it. I read it in sixth form, and it probably swung me more towards CS from my since-childhood intention of studying electronics. (Ended up doing a mix, but applied to some straight CS too.))

Theory of Computation by Sipser. (More subject specific and just a textbook really, I just thought it was a really great one and was able to read it ahead of my most relevant course.)
How would we know? As per the source‘s mission: „We are committed to improving the nation’s ability to execute military operations and respond to emerging threats in order to achieve U.S. strategic objectives.“
The easiest and simplest technique to heat oneself is to drink hot water.

You don't need to put tea or coffee in it, just boil some water and drink it while hot.
Bayraktars is currently used successfuly by Ukraine in "Russia+Belarus - Ukraine" war.

Video is here https://m.censor.net/ua/video_news/3319671/scho_bayiraktar_j...
The resolution of the video is horrible but if you look closely while they talk about storing "last 200 numbers", it shows names written before all the numbers.
All positional number systems but he really goes deep on binary number representations using lists and fancy heaps. I'm not going to post a link because you should buy the book to support the author, but since it is basically a second edition of his PhD thesis you can find that online if you dig around.
If you're on Windows, configure ClearType on every monitor. It helps a lot with legibility.

Instructions: https://www.laptopmag.com/articles/adjust-cleartype-windows-...
Great question!

There is ansi2txt (packaged as colorized-logs on debian).

https://github.com/kilobyte/colorized-logs

I also found some answers on SO with people using a sed command for this.

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/17998978/removing-colors...
Capacity factor of latest floating offshore wind can be as large as 57% (https://www.equinor.com/en/news/20210323-hywind-scotland-uk-...). 30% is typically what you get onshore.
No. Nukes cost so much and take so long mainly because they are big capital projects that attract wholly legal corruption. Once the money starts flowing, it would be stopped by completing construction, so that is delayed, sometimes indefinitely, sometimes until all the money available has been spent. Occasionally an actual reactor may be delivered, in the end, but that is increasingly rare, thus evidently optional.

And no one ever gives back any of the money.
Or maybe they’ll just reprocess it, as is currently done in France?
A main concert for Putin could be to prevent a Russian civil unrest igniting at Moscow at any cost.

This, Not Ukraine, or China, or NATO is probably the worse nightmare for him now.
I was wondering: Would Google even be able to lock your access to all your data in Europe with GDPR in place?
Ah, stuff like this always reminds me the famous (or rather infamous?) hunter2 (or rather *******?) conversation:

http://bash.org/?244321
Perhaps the German offer of helmets wasn't as useless as it seemed.
> I wonder how much he cares about his reputation.

Displaying disregard for reputation, morals, etc. is a common negotiating tactic in everything - in professional business, kids selling baseball cards, interational relations, family squabbles. That's what anger is: A display that you are willing to act out and cross lines.

Don't believe it; it's just a tactic. Ironically, it indicates the opposite to a degree: By making the display, they show that they care about what you think. For professional communicators like Putin (and anyone else in international relations) it's not a mistake:

The Russian government invests enormous effort in their reputation, from their public propaganda to social media disinformation campaigns. It's not at all because they don't care - they care very much. Every government ever needs legitimacy, the consent of the governed, who outnumber the government leaders a million-to-one. (They also need sufficient international relations to trade, to receive essential goods, and not to be destroyed.)
I really enjoyed reading The TeXbook. I found it very approachable.

Here’s a link for the curious: https://www.worldcat.org/title/texbook-describes-tex-version...
The invasion of Ukraine is a massive spanner thrown into US's pivot to Asia strategy. And a cold shower for the alt-right fantasy of an allied US-Russia fighting against China.

In addition to China, India also abstained at the UN security council in condemning Russia.

Someone call Kissinger and ask him what he thinks.
Write what in?
>wish there was a way to filter or circle out stuff that waists attention or spreads unproven information about an ongoing war.

If you filtered out unproven information about an ongoing war there would be virtually no information available at all. The Fog of War is a real thing and very little that comes out of an active war zone can be confirmed, which is why its always advisable to maintain a healthy dose of skepticism no matter what you are hearing.
> I assume the same thing is happening with Russia's conscripts: "Why the fuck are we doing this?"

Russia has switched in the last 10 years (20?), to a large extent, from a conscript to a volunteer and mercenary force.
Better not tell him about Estonia, Latvia, or Finland.
Did you have an actual response? If you don’t grasp the issue it’s obvious I need to explain it further.

With EU human rights protections the undercurrent of liberalization for minorities in Ukraine is safe to flourish unlike in Russia. Even an extremely religious country like Poland has massive public support for abortion protections now and anti-lgbt laws were responded to with sanctions by the EU.

Eastern orthodox christianity is the only strong christian conservative power left in Europe. European right wing populists’ parties and christian conservative parties openly point to Russia as an example of a country that still has christianity at its core. The American christian right is ideologically aligned with them and they regularly share ideas and events.

If you actually followed European politics nothing I said is suprising and my first comment would have been obvious.
C APIs like ioctl, setsockopt, etc. are perhaps also an example of narrow waists which aren't mentioned in the article. I've been looking for a term for these kinds of functions, which seem to be quite successful long-term in terms of API design.
I've had similar ideas. A few suggestions:

- sign a challenge instead of a timestamp

- Make it effortless by using the FileSystem api to permanently point to a specific file on the device (until they move it)

- Use webcrypto to do the signing in-browser

- You can store a master private key that certifies new devices and can revoke old keys on the user's behalf or have them agree to generate one and store it off like (usb,etc... pw encrypted)

- what makes this better than using mutual TLS auth?

I know i posted late, hope you see this OP.
For power production the share of solar enery was 8.8 % in 2021.

For primary energy consumption the share of solar enery was 1.7 % in 2021.

Source: https://www.cleanenergywire.org/factsheets/germanys-energy-c...
I don’t find the level of resistance to be unusual. Ukraine have been at war since 2014, many people know how to fight and ready to fight. They have good reason to fight as well. On top of that they have good equipment provided by USA/NATO. They are opposing an enemy making frontal attacks with tanks, with little support from the air and who does not use precise weapons. This is exactly the target that Ukrainian army can hit really hard.

What is much more fascinating is how weak Russia is. I long suspected that corrupt state like Russia cannot produce modern weapons at scale. Instead it produces a few items and tons and tons of propaganda. Ukraine has outdated aircrafts, Russia on paper has last gen aircrafts. Yet Russia didn’t get air superiority, the likely reason it simply does not have enough precise missiles to destroy Ukraine air defense and does not have enough modern aircrafts either.

I would not be surprised to find out that today’s Russia tactics is the same as it was in Afghanistan almost 40 years ago. It is severely outdated but Russia has no other choice because it cannot produce modern weapons.
A beautiful small codebase from which to run little experiments.
I've been using it successfully for years on Android with sqlite-android [0] and the flexibility it has given me was quite a relief. It's great to see that it is now included by default.

[0] https://github.com/requery/sqlite-android
> People wear a sweater all the time

I never do because I feel suffocated.

> see a doctor

Thanks for the unsolicited advice. I in fact have and have been told not to wear clothing that makes me feel suffocated.

> the burden of wearing a sweater is just incredible in some of these comments

Your lack of sympathy is equally incredible
People also died a lot back then.

Even today heatwaves in Europe kill a lot of elderly as air conditioning in homes isn't common
Incredibly useful article. Thank you.
So if Ukraine falls, what will happen to these funds?
>If you compare German and French electricity prices, you will see that renewables are a long way from being cheap.

Don't they sell energy to each other, on account of being in the EU and having their grids connected?

I'd assume that's true given that one of the bigger reasons given for the higher energy prices in Sweden this winter, despite running our grid on cheap renewables and nuclear, has been that we've sold a lot of that cheap electricity to Germany.
Gilbert Strang's Introduction to Linear Algebra[0] and the associated online course[1].

[0] https://math.mit.edu/~gs/linearalgebra/

[1] https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/mathematics/18-06-linear-algebra...
If I ask if there's any place to buy rollerblades nearby, do you think that means I expect everyone to go by rollerblades?
I used this tool very successfully to auto-generate migrations.
1) I maintain "schema.sql" file that contains the schema I want to have
2) That file then is ran in a temporary empty database
3) Migra would run to compare old version of dev database against temporary database
4) Output of migra is wrapped into a conditional that has a guard check to see if database is already migrated to that version (as determined by timestamp in table description) and put into a file with timestamp as a name
5) Each time app restarts it scans all migrations in the directory and runs ones that it thinks it needs to run

Either way i had zero issues with this setup. And I used a lot of postgres things including triggers, complex indecies, extensions, etc. All migrations were source-controlled and could be verified before commits, so it was pretty safe. When I needed to migrate a data, i'd just add code into the same migration file as the schema change. Brilliant project! thanks @djrobstep
I wrote the backend for my side project http://cryptomarketdepth.com in Haskell (source: https://github.com/cryptomarketdepth/main) in Haskell.

I like to code in Haskell because it works better than any other language I’ve tried — also for larger projects. Where by “works better” I mean that I’m able to deduce what a piece of code does just by reading it more easily than for any other language I’ve tried.

I think it’s the combination of pure functions and strong types that enables this, but I’m not entirely sure.
The scientific method. Don't look at the world through the lens of your knowledge. In fact, forget about the word knowledge. Replace it with "hypothesis".

The world is a lab. Shape it in ways which you think will prove your hypotheses false.
German subsidies were paid on installation, meaning that Chinese producers were beneficiaries of the policy as much as domestic EU producers were.
JUST_SAY_NO?

:)
DPV — textbook used by UC Berkeley for CS170 (Efficient Algorithms & Intractable Problems). It is the most succinct and understandable book about algorithms I have read, especially if you follow along with lectures. https://cs170.org

http://algorithmics.lsi.upc.edu/docs/Dasgupta-Papadimitriou-...
It is complicated, but actual professionals have looked into this with more depth than a random internet commenter who has a weird feeling that they have been lied to for years by the news sources they trust and isn't quite ready to accept they've been conned and just Google the answer to their own question.

When you are ready for that next step try LCOE and LCOES (levelized cost of energy / energy and storage) as Google terms to find more info or click this link:

https://www.lazard.com/perspective/levelized-cost-of-energy-...
Is nobody going to mention that materials for renewables were being built by slaves im China? Isn't that why prices are so low?

Also its cute that people think we can move to renewables without nuclear. Its impossible and before you say batteries, think about the supply of natural resources needed to build batteries please
And the moment China had the manufacturing base the German government decided to massively reduce the subsidiaries for solar. More or less killing the German solar industry.

One could argue that that is what the market should do with non competitive players.

But on the other hand more jobs were lost in solar than are now being saved in coal with massive subsidiaries (on the scale of 80k € per job in the coal industry towards the companies in that market if I remember correctly).

While I as a consumer have to pay around 1/3 of my gas price as 'tax' for the development of eco friendly tech.

Were the solar subsidiaries still in place when we bought and remodeled our home we would have gone more solar than just a little bit for hot water. It just didn't calculate for a two person home on the timescale of 30 years. And solar panels back then had an estimated lifespan of 15 to 25 years.

But that is just anecdata
I don't know all the details and reasons, because I don't have enough knowledge about heat pumps. But the explanation given was that takes many hours for the whole system to 'warm up' and start working within optimal range. Turning it on and off frequently would actually make it perform worse, wasting more energy than if it's running all the time.
> Cantonese is mainly spoken in Guangdong (historically known as Canton)

Yeah, I thought I'd got that right: The region has been renamed (or, arguably, just had the spelling revised to be more in line with the native pronunciation?).

So why isn't the language now called Guangdongese? This modern PC-induced language revisionism can get pretty darn confusing in its inconsistency.

> There are a lot of people in Taiwan speaking Hokkien.

Which still seems to imply that even more people, i.e. a majority, speak Cantonese, right? I just meant that, since language is often a (sometimes minor, sometimes major) part of how "ethnicity" is defined, China could use an analogous "They even speak the same language!" argument. Not that I'm saying it's a valid argument -- just not logically impossible, as I think was argued or at least implied in some comment(s) above.
We are not talking about NATO. We are talking about your claim that other sovereign countries should not have the freedom to choose who they play chess with.

I mean, you have all the freedom to make yourself more lucrative voluntary chess playing companion than NATO, nobody is denying that. Instead you choose to be a failed developing totalitarian country bullying and attacking its neighbours and you wonder why they want to join NATO?
> I get annoyed because I have to work around C's warts to do what I want, and that is only happening because I think in my language

That is exactly what motivated me to start thinking about my own language and what made me want to keep working on it in the early to mid 1990s. Luckily, I started learning several languages so that I'd have a better idea of the design space. Someone suggested I take a look at a relatively unknown language called Python because it fit how I was thinking about things. He was right and that was the anecdote for me - finding a language that fit how I thought about programming well enough to eliminate enough of the annoyances that were my motivation.

The lesson... If you're thinking about designing a language, study as many other languages as you can so that you get a better sense for the design choices involved and how various concepts fit together. Ask people experienced with those languages what they like / dislike about them. Write something challenging enough to get a first hand understanding of some of those pros and cons. If you push on with your own language, this will help your efforts significantly. If you get lucky, you might find a language that stops your descent into the rabbit hole.

The above might only work if you can accept that languages are sufficiently complex that they all have real problems, even yours when it's "done".
I just noticed this yesterday! I usually use the desktop Outlook client, but yesterday I got an email on my other machine, and was replying using the web version. It just randomly dropped characters as I was typing. What on earth would cause that to happen? Best I can tell is that the autocomplete functionality was struggling to keep up with what I was typing? Or there is some onKeyPress function that doesn't reliably return a character because of it?
Writing UTF-8 Programs in Plan 9
> This subtle nuance (value equivalency versus object equivalency) can cause problems, particularly if variables are passed by reference to any other functions in your codebase.

Value objects may be great for leveraging the type system to help you write better code by e.g. having only one place for validation. But why should you pass scalar variables by reference? That makes it really hard to reason about what functions and methods do.
An Interview with Intel CEO Pat Gelsinger
In contrast, when I heard the problem statement, I thought that this is probably something I could do with ffmpeg and a little bit of shell scripting. No need to download, install, and configure and learn (or not...) another application. Then again, my media setup is also likely to be far simpler than the author's, and my usual way of thinking when problem-solving is "do what you can, with what you have, where you are."
I would love for sqlite to add import of JSON. They have great CSV import and export. If we could easily import, say, JSON arrays to a single column table, it would make JSON conversion to/from CSV easier. Especially since jq is slow and unmaintained.
Are they so bad that the average male profile is somehow below average?
It's interesting to apply this at various levels of abstraction.

Almost all raster image editors work on a grid of RGB(A) pixels. Whether it's PNG, JPG, WebP or whatever - they're all deflated to a pixel grid.

Wireless technology strikes me as the opposite of the narrow waist. Sure, it is all just variants of basic radio tech. But Bluetooth audio and WiFi are fundamentally incompatible - despite using more-or-less the same spectrum. 2G phones can't send or receive 5G.

What a great article. Good food for thought.
I'm not American (hello from Canada, born in ex-Yugoslavia), but that's silly. You don't get the difference between a conscript and an enlisted soldier? Ask my father if it was propaganda made him chose to defend some warlord's front or if it was armed soldiers forcing him to under threat of desertion. In the instance of these Russian conscripts, it could've been an extension of their mandatory 12-month training rather than a knock on the door, but it's still armed soldiers that made sure they didn't desert.

I truly dislike the way America promotes enlisting like some cool Activision game (the ads are truly jarring from the outside looking in), but the difference is no less black and white.
I was more thinking about how to get the people around me, who don't think like that automatically, to work with me on that process.

I can see and understand the pointlessness happening, which is a bit alienating when other people think they are doing hard important work and I think/know they aren't, and I need their buy in to avoid them asking me to also do things I know are pointless.

If I wanted to do pointless things (and I'm not sure I'm even capable of that) I could probably get paid a lot more by changing job, but I'd rather change my job to be less pointless, as it seems better for my mental health.
Not sure if crypto is an option for you?

https://www.theverge.com/2022/2/26/22952357/ukraine-bitcoin-...

https://twitter.com/Ukraine/status/1497594592438497282