skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> But that's not a question of fairness, rather it's a question of feasibility.

I initially took the challenge's intention to be about highlighting modern machine learning's weaknesses compared to biological intelligence, and so barring certain already-existing generalization techniques seemed an arbitrary and asymmetrical restriction.

If it's more meant as "Classifiers can already achieve this particular goal, but I have a theory that human-determined 'predicates' will scale up better in the long run, I challenge you to progress my idea", then I currently disagree but understand.

> If it took us many thousands of years to learn our background knowledge from the real world over many human generations, it's difficult to see how we can reproduce this result with the comparatively poor computational resources and data in our disposal.

My belief would be that we can surpass this result with a combination of using our existing intuition alongside techniques that outperform evolution's hypo-glacial pace and inefficient data utilization.

Given the same narrow problem, some human insight for the search space and a couple of hours of gradient descent on a GPU can match what would take evolution many generations. That doesn't prove we'll get such a speedup on achieving broader intelligence, but at least natural selection hasn't appeared to be a speed limit so far.

> or, we can find a way to transfer the background knowledge bestowed upon us by thousand years of evolution to guide the training of our learning systems towards the goals we want them to achieve, whatever those are.

> To clarify, I'm not saying we should go back to feature engineering

> Clearly not explicitly coding expert knowledge in production rules as in expert systems. Much of our knowledge is maybe impossible to articulate explicitly. So we must find a way to encode implicit knowledge, also.

I'm all for finding ways to use human domain knowledge to guide the network in the right direction, essentially making use of a gigantic dataset from life's history. The trend seems to be to do this at an increasingly high level: weights are found by gradient descent, and hyperparameters by NAS or similar, but humans still designing various layers and blocks.

"Predicates" being a probably-small set of feature detectors which can describe all 2D images makes me think of something like eigenfaces, which it felt backwards to have humans determine. Maybe intended to be broader than that?

> It's basically a trade-off. If you have good background knowledge, you don't need a lot of data. Good background knowledge helps you build robustly generalisable concepts. And if you can reuse the learned concepts as background knowledge, then the sky is the limit.

I'd claim that this is in effect also what pretraining is. Pretraining and instilling a model with human background knowledge both allow faster low-data generalization to new tasks by utilizing large amounts of prior data. Difference is in whether the base data is organic or digital. Using both to find useful predicates seems most promising so far.
HBO is producing a Snow Crash series.
Neat. I'll add this to my sources on case law -- another one I've come across is https://case.law/

Per my close friend, the value of these (or, why people subscribe to LexisNexis) isn't solely the texts, but the cross referencing. It would be really cool to see that get implemented (and no doubt a non-trivial problem!).

How do you source your case inputs, as it is bigger than PACER?
> That's kind of cool, if unlikely to be monetizable.

That's not a bad thing, but it isn't true anyway, you literally login with your wallet.

Virtual currencies are banned on Stripe, PayPal etc. MMOs are how I got into crypto in the first place.

> I am genuinely curious on useful applications.

I was sharing "awesome" lists related to "web3", not a list of apps to support some argument you want to have about "energy use" or "51% attacks". Since this is a forum that has developers on it, a list of resources and roadmap for developers interested in getting started in web3 is useful, is it not? And yes, awesome lists are "link dumps", nice connotation twist.

Here's more geared towards your "genuine curiosity" of web3 apps:

https://github.com/gdamdam/awesome-decentralized-web

https://github.com/redecentralize/alternative-internet

https://github.com/jasonwalsh/awesome-dapps
Some of my favorites, in no particular order:

Foundation by Isaac Asimov

Dune by Frank Herbert

Permutation City by Greg Egan

Blindsight by Peter Watts

Anathem by Neal Stephenson

Story of your Life and Others and Exhalation by Ted Chiang

Chiang in particular is an excellent writer who explores interesting concepts using speculative fiction. A lot of his stories stuck with me, like the one about lookism. Egan also writes excellent stories with very well thought-out and consistent worlds, though the character writing and plotlines is not that strong.
Mockingbird, by Walter Tevis, about the first man to learn to read, centuries after humanity delegated even intellectual labor to robots; and the last robot overseer, suicidally bored with his assignment. Tevis also wrote The Man Who Fell To Earth – and, somewhat surprisingly, The Queen's Gambit and The Hustler.

The Shipkiller, by Justin Scott – dated but a great revenge adventure.

And of current releases I really enjoyed Elder Race by Adrian Tchaikovsky.
It doesn't seem their formal methods are all that good for verification, looking at all the smart contract exploiting going on?

edit: It's ridiculous how you get downvoted for just asking a question in an unrelated thread. Just shows how rotten this whole space is.
I get that this is something I need to learn to read, and that there is the potential for it to be extremely useful once I have learned how to read it.

It's hard to learn, though, without quick feedback on whether I'm reading it correctly. It would be a big help to show the elevation wherever I'm pointing — either with a miniature scale or a number or both — so I can get direct feedback on whether it's increasing or decreasing and by how much, and to help me recognize the sequence of hues.

I'm also really curious to see what this looks like if the lightness is always increasing, with a sawtooth discontinuity where it wraps around after hitting 100%. Yes, this would produce really hard edges in arbitrary places, but that might be worth it in exchange for the hugely helpful certainty of always knowing which way is up.
How The U.S. and China worked together to spy on the Soviet Union
Ted Chiang - Story of Your Life https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Story_of_Your_Life
For that level of UTF-8 editing, a non-mulitbyte version of the editor suffices. In fact, you can insert and modify multibyte signatures and names using the map facility, however the glyphs are not rendered on screen but are shown at the byte-level.

Improvements are in order, and should be made, but the mere inability to visually render multibyte characters is not always a showstopper.
I recently had some criminal charges expunged, and I notice they show up here. Is there any way to request removal of court records which are no longer publicly available from the originating court?
In no particular order:
- The siege of Krishnapur by J G Farrell
- War and Peace by Leo Tolstoy
- The Radetsky March, by Joseph Roth
- The Leopard, by Giuseppe Tomasi di Lampedusa
- Cloud Atlas by David Mitchell
- Blood Meridian by Cormac McCarthy
- Wolf Hall, by Hilary Mantel
- 1984, by George Orwell
- Never Mind, by Edward St Aubyn
https://patents.google.com is great for this
For what it's worth, etymology of the word "arbitrary":

late Middle English (in the sense ‘dependent on one's will or pleasure, discretionary’): from Latin arbitrarius, from arbiter ‘judge, supreme ruler’, perhaps influenced by French arbitraire .

Literally comes from the Latin word for a judge!
I doesn't work very well yet. See https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=30399554.
I have an MBA and they are not necessary for anything. In some cases (less now) it lets you buy your way to the front of a line for certain jobs, and if you have a science or engineering background and are completely clueless about business as well as working within a company, it can teach you that. There are many other ways to get this experience.
Papers, Please and Return of the Obra Dinn, both by Lucas Pope.
Basically. When dealing with psychosis, I’m having to constant ignore everything going on in my head and force myself see past whatever my brain wants to do, feel, and see.

For me, I know what’s real and what isn’t. I just can’t stop myself from acting on not real information.
> There is an arrgument that the details matter a lot in code.

The details of resulting code. Not the details of how exactly you wrote it.
Searched my former boss on this. Hoooo doggy, I knew he was up to some questionable financial practices, but it looks like it caught up with him.
"hope for the future" is it's own separate mental health data point as well.
This. Doing things you want to do just because you enjoy learning it.

I didn't realize that I liked making irrelevant things (out of date tech, some idiosyncratic language etc.), until I started making one!

It may seem like I am working or not taking a rest. But making such petty things, tinkering with configs, wasting time just doing something useless helps my brain get occupied. I think that is the most important thing for me at the moment.

If I let my brain astray, then I know I am doomed. So if you are enjoying it, just keep on doing it! It's completely okay AS LONG AS you are enjoying!

Fun fact: Doing meaningless things makes my brain more active!
I'm so glad you mentioned this. When I was a teenager, I was given a big box of classic 1950s/1960s scifi books.

A Canticle for Leibowitz was one of them.
Sure, but when I was a kernel dev I considered it a reasonable line: it's not that hard to create your own kernel if you want a different licence.

It was one reason I worked on the kernel: that all your software should be hackable. I probably would have found something else to do if the licence were different.
No, there's no particular support for large files yet.
Paying your way out of inconvenience is a huuuge privilege that some of us I think forget we have.

I grew up extremely poor so I end up doing a lot of annoying things myself and a lot of my colleagues ask things like "why don't you just pay someone to fix your washing machine".

Or like your example of driving tests. I let my license lapse when I first started working from home and had to retest to get it. If I hadn't been able to pay $300 for a private driving test I'd have had to take time off work to do it - and a poor person generally can't afford time off work, that goes unpaid for an hourly job.
Did tons of people apply for colleges because they heard about the data?
>GPL is a nice idea...but you need lawyers lots of money and time.

This applies to any license. BSD/MIT/ISC rules can be broken as well and the only means to rectify it in the case that the other party refuses to cooperate is to resort to litigation.
Machine Learning Algorithms Cheat Sheet
I have been thinking lately that perhaps in the future a lot of software will be built using DSLs, to enable cost-effective formal verification.

Turing-complete languages have an excessively broad semantics, which makes it hard to prove things about programs written with them. An alternative would be to build tools that allow engineers to develop DSLs quickly, and to then verify properties in programs written using said DSLs.

I can see some early signs of this trend in Idris, which is emphasizing DSL-building tools, or in smart contract projects, which are rushing to build contract languages with restricted semantics. There's also related work in Haskell and Racket / Scheme.
Here are the words of Satoshi himself:

> Once it gets bootstrapped, there are so many applications if you could effortlessly pay a few cents to a website as easily as dropping coins in a vending machine.

This claim that Bitcoin was never meant to be a payment system for small payments is 100% historical revisionism.
The ever-increasing productivity of society.
My company does whatever it can to comply with GPL requirements and it is nothing short of a goddamn nightmare. Nothing like sitting in a conference room for hours with lawyers while we poured through the licenses for 250 different packages; we would have been better off just burning the money. My conclusions are that most Linux distributions are an amalgam of software packages with licenses that are fundamentally incompatible with each other; the GPL is extremely poorly written with lots of vagaries. I don't think there is a path to 100% compliance; you just make sure your heart is in the right place and hope for the best.

Ultimately, we concluded we are moving to BSD on future projects where possible. Not because of some overwhelming need to keep source closed from customers, rather just to avoid the mess.
I live in a corrupted country with a corrupted government and don't trust my government a single bit.

I'd happily use and adopt crypto. I don't do anything illegal, I just don't want corrupted and evil people having control over my assets.
> Linus Torvalds seems to speak as though he has the power to interpret the GPL.

IANAIPL but intent of the parties does generally matter to any legal analysis of an agreement. This is especially true when discussing written evidence of intent. Arguably, the discussion of GPL_ONLY could be taken to mean that those without such a marking are being granted an exception by the authors, which is perfectly well within their power to do.

https://legal.thomsonreuters.com/blog/the-parol-evidence-rul...
Depends on how tightly you are applying that definition. Nothing exists in a vacuum. Games will pretty much always use something created by someone else.

For example: If I pay an artist to do most of the art for my game, did I still make it by myself? What if I pay for music? What about the engine?

Here's some highly successful games that one might argue were created by one person (to varying degrees):

- Minecraft

- Dwarf Fortress

- Kenshi

- Banished

On top of those there's probably an endless list of successful browser and flash games.
If you had two worktrees set to the same branch and made a new commit in one of them (thus changing the commit the branch ref points to), what would happen in the other worktree?

Either it wouldn't have the right commit checked out anymore, or git would have to miraculously change what files are checked out in it -- which would likely come as a big surprise to whatever you were doing in that working tree.

Ergo, it is forbidden.

I periodically find myself creating a new (temporary) branch referring to the same commit when I want a new worktree looking at the same place, or just create a new worktree with a detached HEAD looking at the same commit.
It’s not just games it’s everything.

I made (i think) the first automatic face swap app back in 2012 when face detection first appeared in iOS.

It did pretty well, got into the top 10 around the world. #1 for a bit. Made me some money.

But there were tonnes of copies. One guy even flew over to meet me first from SF and said he wanted to buy the app. Offered me half a million dollars. Then when I said yes cut it to half that after he spoke to ‘the board’. Then said half that again - at which point I told him to go F himself - he’d also added into the contract I had to take the app offline and send him the source code for them to review before finalising, which would have ruined the purely viral growth.

Within 2 weeks he had launched a virtually identical app - and I mean identical. Just a different name and icon. The entire UI was copied down to the smallest detail. So obviously he’d been working on it before I said no.

I think this was his plan all along. To copy my app and use the potential buy out as distraction / disruption.

He then sent me a really angry email with the choice line “if someone offer/ you a seat on a rocket ship, don’t ask which seat”.
Only if you assume x+y must be an unsigned int as well. They didn't specify the language, so you can't know that, I'd say. In a theorem prover you could prove this statement without doubt, but it's a bit weird they specified the unsigned int, to be fair.
There is no known functional and scalable layer 2 solution. Lightning, as designed, can not scale.
is semico modern version of "rocket science"?

"oh c'mon it ain't semiconductor engineering!"
You could be right. It's just a little less obvious to me what problem VR solves, as opposed to the other technologies you mentioned.
Ok, say I can make $100 / hour or even $50, just for shits and giggles.

Our lives break down into thirds. One to work, one to sleep, one to do what we will and can as people.

If I must do those basic labors, they either consume my sleep or free time, and if not, carry an opportunity cost of $50 / hour.

My time is very valuable, both in a labor to income sense, and personally, in that I have plans for my time that must be balanced against basic labors being done.

Paying what it costs for laborers to exist and show up for work is a no brainer. Worth it to me, again based on my own costs.

There is "expensive"

We can always find cases where basic labors do not carry those costs, or are difficult to handle as a market. We do those ourselves.

However, making our own food, making our own shit and garbage dissappear, moving things, clean ups and all manner of basic labors combine to allow many of us the time freedom to earn more, do more.

The value in that is high enough to require enterprises fund their labor fully. This may mean their overall profit is less. It should be, they didn't earn it. They didn't fund the labor. We did!

Failure to do that comes with other costs, both real in the sense of the massive subsidies that end up unearned profit (our money goes into their bank account, funding labor they profit from on top of margin on goods and services rendered), and opportunity in that we see lower demand and that impacts many others who could earn more and or fund their labor as well.

Again, laborers have a cost to exist and show up for work, and when their labor does not pay enough for those things, someone else's labor does, or the labor does not exist and will not show up for work.

So which is it? Who pays and why?

How we value things can change those answers dramatically, which is the economic argument I made.

One last thing, and that is ignoring the cost of people for them to exist and show up for work, doesn't make those costs go away, it just hides them, and we end up paying them in all sorts of other ways that are expensive. That's another way to look at this.

When a business does not make enough to fund its operation it closes, or dies in other words. The same is true for people. So not fully funding labor is expensive to literally everyone else except for the people not fully funding the labor they require.
Today I learned that 20 years ago I was a defendant in an unlawful detainer (eviction) lawsuit regarding an apartment I shared in college. I had moved out of the apartment after graduation. Apparently my roommate stopped paying the rent and the landlord sued both of us. I was never served and didn't know about the case until now.
Yes, yes. But nobody got shipped off to camps in the desert.
How feasible is it to avoid using GPL_ONLY symbols? Because if you for sure need GPL modules for some use cases[1], then I believe the point still stands.

[1] This is, being unable to even reimplement the functions yourself in a self-contained module.
There is more historical information of individuals living 300 to 500 years before like Plato or Archimedes. Not only direct sources as well as indirect correlating sources.

In the context of asserting the existence of Jesus, virtually all those scholars of antiquity have the bias of being driven by their Christian beliefs. There are virtually hardly no correlating information from other third parties about Jesus existence.

"W.R. Herzog has stated that "What we call the historical Jesus is the composite of the recoverable bits and pieces of historical information and speculation about him that we assemble, construct, and reconstruct. For this reason, the historical Jesus is, in Meier's words, 'a modern abstraction and construct.'"[142]

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quest_for_the_historical_Jesus...
I always get a schadenfreude from creative destruction, but with the exception of Covid causing WFH to go mainstream there hasn't been any as of late. There's no bona-fide disruptive innovation today, only a race to the next big thing fueled by essentially free capital. A race in which it's more important to chase the rabbit rather than to catch it. Self driving cars, anyone? Metaverse?
> In git, every commit is a snapshot and not a delta.

I know this, but also I cannot reconcile this whit what happens when you cherry-pick a commit from another branch. I'm confused because cherry-pick really seems to be taking out the delta not the snapshot.

I'm thinking that cherry-pick takes that commit and makes a diff with its parent and then that's what you get when you call it. Is it how it works behind the scenes?

I'm also thinking that the fact that each commit has at least one parent means that, conceptually, we can use it as if it was a delta (at least in the case of commit with one parent only), if you get what I mean.

EDIT: I'm not familiar with the internals of Git, just a user. Commenting out of curiosity.
Two of Iain Banks' works; one with his middle initial, and one without:

- Use of Weapons

"I could try composing wonderful musical works, or day-long entertainment epics, but what would that do? Give people pleasure? My wiping this table gives me pleasure. And people come to a clean table, which gives them pleasure. And anyway" - the man laughed - "people die; stars die; universes die. What is any achievement, however great it was, once time itself is dead? Of course, if all I did was wipe tables, then of course it would seem a mean and despicable waste of my huge intellectual potential. But because I choose to do it, it gives me pleasure. And," the man said with a smile, "it's a good way of meeting people. So where are you from, anyway?"

- The Crow Road

"It was the day my grandmother exploded"
I have the same experience but had never consciously realized this difference.
My gf is the opposite, which I find interesting. Genuine hunger is a much more intense feeling for her.
Not if you have a land-value tax, where landlords are literally paying for UBI, and even tying UBI amounts paid out to the amount of LVT raised, the higher the rent the more they pay in taxes, therefore the less they charge for rent the more they keep and it balances out...

This is literally part of Georgism philosophy.
>It is rather ironic that in some ways, one has more freedom in how one licences a kernel driver for Windows than the freedom one supposedly has in writing a kernel module for Linux.

it is not ironic at all: freedom in Free Software is the freedom of USERS of the software to be able to see and modify the source. This is a freedom granted by the writers of the software, and copyleft means that this right is ensured through any chain of modifications by additional authors.

In this same way, the GPL and like licenses are the most permissive licenses from the perspective of every eventual user
I tried some rather specific queries of things I know to should return some records and it was fairly useless, so I'm not terribly worried.

Just anecdotally, I have a fairly uncommon last name but common first name, I know what states/counties I have appeared in court in and couldn't find any of the records. If you search something like <name> <county> <state> the results are overloaded with <county> <state>, for example.