skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Caplan is talking about all education, but he says each kind has different value. In short he believes k-12 is useful as daycare, and college is useful as a signal of how smart and hard working and conformist you are. He believes those benefits are not worth the massive subsidies. Moreover, the signalling thing doesn't work if everyone is pushed to go to college because it turns into a Red Queen's race.

He praises vocational schools in some other countries, where only a minority of students go to college and therefore employers don't demand college degrees for simple jobs like they do in the US.

The spreadsheet he mentions, that he complains nobody ever looked at, includes the costs and benefits to both society and individuals. I didn't read the spreadsheet either, but in the book he says that the cost-benefit analysis is positive for smart individuals (if you can go to college and get a degree you should go, for selfish financial reasons) but negative for societies because of all the subsidies.
> 1

If you have a writing culture, you have management support to not mark work as done until documentation is updated. If someone asks for support because the documentation didn't answer their question, the support ticket is not closed until the documentation's language is improved and clarified. This is usually a good trade-off for management: the time spent keeping documentation up-to-date is repaid many times over by people who are able to help themselves instead of having seniors be continually interrupted. Note that this return is not necessarily realized for very small companies or companies where employee churn is low - this is generally true for large companies and growth-stage companies.

> 2

Companies have a choice, they can: a) decide not to hire people who won't be a cultural fit, b) invest in training to try and align people to the preferred writing culture, c) invest in dedicated roles like technical writers who can sit alongside engineers with poor writing skills, at the gain of being able to hire engineers with poor writing skills, at the cost of additional overhead due to the additional technical writer hire.
Identical up to reflection.
I don't think people expect anything for free but I don't want to pay with getting bombarded with ads. If their business model is not viable then they have to find a new one. Just as we can't expect content for free they can't expect me to sit there and look at adverts out of the goodness of my heart. If at all possible, I will find a way to block ads out of my mind as much as I can.
> why would somebody think to look up the docs

It seems reckless to me to not do this when you're interacting with the filesystem using low-level APIs (i.e not via Swift/Obj-C).
Of course you need educated people for a democracy. That's why the old generation dedicates enough funds to educate the next generation.

Regarding the value of education. If it has a value, why can't it have a monetary value? At one point in your life, you have shifted the majority of your time from learning to making money. You can only make that decision rationally if you have put a monetary value on your education.
Google launches ad blocking software on Android phones in privacy crackdown
With the caveat that it's been a few years: while he touches on primary education, he spends more time on secondary. The focus is less on individual ROI, but societal efficiency and policy: the core premise being that most secondary education is poor at increasing "human capital" (marketable skills, retained knowledge), and is instead valuable to employers because a college diploma is predictive for desirable hiring traits: conscientiousness, conformity, and grit.

I have many disagreements with Caplan, particularly on economics, but I found it a worthwhile read.
There is good reason to believe the weaknesses introduced by the NSA with the PX1000-cr algorithm were introduced as part of a series of multiple backdoors that cooperate together [2][3].

The equation system to be solved is rather huge (~20 megabytes when shown as ASCII text), therefore it is logical to assume the NSA required more efficient techniques to break it in the 1980s.

The fact that the first and last character, as well as the top bits in between, leak the keystream makes for an easy and cheap attack that amortizes the algebraic attack costs. Detection of key re-use is therefore trivial.

And since this is a stream cipher key reuse, it is cryptographically disastrous; an excellent illustration of this is the Venona project [1].The NSA has spent decades trying to recover plaintext from two-timepads, but in the Venona case they did not know which two messages shared the same key. This is significantly simpler with the PX1000-cr.

For Venona, it is a safe guess that the NSA developed a significant amount of HW capable of recovering plaintext from two plaintexts that have been XOR-ed together. This implies they may employ more costly algebraic or other attacks only on cryptograms with unique keys. This, I feel, is a critical insight: there is not a single backdoor here, but numerous ones that cooperate.

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venona_project

[2] https://www.alchemistowl.org/pocorgtfo/pocorgtfo21.pdf

[3] https://www.ctrlc.hu/~stef/blog/posts/pocorgtfo_21_12_apocry...
The algorithm itself looks pretty strong for time but weaker than DES
having a 16 byte non-linear function in a cipher feedback loop without
chaining. Due to the way the registers aren't randomised and the key
is entered it leaks plain-text quite badly. The story here is that
Stefan Marsiske studied the algorithm and wrote a cracker that can
break a PX-1000Cr message in 4 seconds on a modern laptop, with just
17 characters of cipher-text. Some of the story speculates on the
effect this backdoor may have had on anti-apartheid in the 80s and an
anecdotal conclusion that a developer had tipped-off the movement
about weakened cryptography and helped them revert to a secure version
of the PX-1000.
The new reality is that UK companies will never be able to hire SW engineers as cheaply as they were able to in the last 15 years.
Linux does that now. It didn't in the past (something like 2008), and I recall many people arguing about performance or similar at that time :D
Waiting for hiring managers to jump in with their tales of woe, about how nobody is able to meet their 'hiring bar' aka 5 rounds of leetcode hard grilling.
> Sorry, the page you are looking for cannot be found

Another article: https://www.telegraph.co.uk/business/2022/02/16/google-launc...
>Did you know if you make a 4x4 matrix where the columns are the (x,y,z,1) vertices of a tetrahedron, the rows of its inverse are the coefficients of the plane equations of the faces of that tetrahedron? You can also use the adjoins. Geometry is fun.

Nice! And it's pretty easy to see why:

- in homogenous coordinates the plane equation is just dot(point, plane) = 0

- for every column (i.e. point) of a 4D matrix, exactly 3 rows (i.e. planes) of its inverse will have a dot product of 0
> Next to no homeless people here in Scandinavia

Hmm I wonder why such a cold and rich region has no homeless people...
https://caniuse.com/webgpu
> it seems only assholes and sociopaths are transparent in this regard

Every C-level employee is an asshole and probably a sociopath, if this was true every company would be transparent. As that isn't the case, we know that it does not necessarily have anything to do with being an asshole or a sociopath.
Honestly, that's not my problem. "How do you satisfy your customer's needs while making a profit" is the same problem every other business has. It's up to the content creators to solve it. If they can't, then they go out of business. It's that simple.

If you can't make a profit from your content because you're giving it away with blockable ads then you should stop doing that and do something else.

If I went to a Ferrari showroom and they said "Here's a free Ferrari, but you have to keep that advert we've put on the windscreen. If you take it off we'll have to stop giving Ferraris away.", then I am driving a beautiful ad-free Ferrari around now and the showroom can't do anything about it.
I don't care about your spreadsheets. But it's not because I don't care about quantitative assessments, it's because I believe you can't measure everything quantitatively (and put in monetary terms, and make decisions based on that).

As an example, much of the trouble we are in today is caused by insufficient education. Climate change denial, avoiding vaccinations, electing idiots as leaders, religious fundamentalism, wars and conquests, lack of rationality in decision making (ahem!) — all these effects would be lessened if we were better educated and more rational.

Unless you model the entirety of human civilization in your spreadsheets, they just aren't enough.
A simple function is to calculate whether the total of each RGB channel reaches a certain threshold, with different weights given to each channel. For an example, see the YIQ contrast function used by Bootstrap v4 [0].

WCAG defines their own algorithm for calculating the contrast between two colours to ensure good accessibility [1][2]. Bootstrap v5 uses this [3].

[0] https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/blob/v4.6.1/scss/_function...

[1] https://www.w3.org/WAI/GL/wiki/Relative_luminance

[2] https://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG20-TECHS/G17.html#G17-tests

[3] https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/blob/v5.1.3/scss/_function...
lol so true

*taps terminal with a Pixel phone using Google Pay, uploads selfie to Google Photos, plans a trip in Google Flights and saves the itinerary in Google Drive*
I do that too, only enabling it on sites that need it. Finer-grained controls would be nice though. (I miss uMatrix ...)
The Ruby Module Builder Pattern (2017)
No, it's that when you have a known oppressor adding a new one gets you nothing. Your not replacing American data brokers with criminals if you simply use a weird browser
> Shouldn't they know how valuable that education is to decide if it's worth their time?

It would be nice if that was the case, but we don't expose the value to them. We expose a cost to them, with a profit margin included, completely detached from any value that might possibly accrue years down the line. And we expose it in the form of a never-ending debt. That is a specific choice that society has made, and not the only one available.
My point is that the monetary value one could put on education is bound to neglect the real value of education.

How do you express the value of education for a functioning democracy in monetary terms for an individual?

How to express the monetary benefit of being able to make better life choices as a result of education?
As far as I can tell scandinava has all the alternate uses you mention and more, plus the education.

But, your point still stands; what they dont have is an ability to push a button and wipe out the human race within 15 minutes, and fleets of stealth bombers flying low over every sporting event (support the troops you commie). All while the population struggles to figure out how many points their team will have if they score a field goal to add to the 7 points they scored in the first half.

For the most part governement spending is finite and there is only so much total money that can be dished out. Exepct for in crisis (Covid / War / Great Recession / Election time) of course and then the magic money tree is found in the back yard.
Macintosh, OS/2, WordPerfect, WordStar, Ami Pro, Quattro Pro.. to name just a few alternatives.
The WebGPU spec itself is not yet confirmed AFAIK. Thus no browser has a stable support.
Could anyone clarify if that 75% includes the cost of narrating the audiobook?
It is not in the slightest bit viable. You’re seeking to reverse a one-way hash function. Knowing the full hash does not help you to find the original password; password cracking algorithms don’t work by reversing the hash, but by trying zillions of passwords, following typical human password patterns to increase the probability of success, and possibly using rainbow tables as precalculated hashess, until they find something that matches.
Damn, sorry I clipped the final 'n' of the URL. Since I can't edit it, I've resubmitted: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=30371671

That is the article, I submitted it from HL partly because that's how I came across it, and partly because it doesn't have a paywall (but does have the right to the content).
You are describing incompetence born from undirected malice. While it is true the malice did not lead directly to the greedy behaviour, it leads to an absolute lack of continuous knowledge (due to employees constantly leaving the company). The fact that this is not addressed in a way that actually works makes it at least indirectly purposeful. In that sense, Amazon as an entity is in fact being greedy and it is also not an accident.
Yeah totally, that statement is actually absurd to me. Because ANY ad is equally off putting. But a targeted ad is based on personal information.

Regardless of how the ad was made, I will do anything to avoid it, just as I would any other ad.
Yeah I wouldn't look at his numbers for the simple reason that it's a predictive model that's presumably chock full of fudge factors and educated guesses. It's pretty trivial to tweak it (he even admits he did that) to get the result you want. And he clearly has a result that he wants.

Well, that and the idea that education is just to make money... I'm sure there are dozens of beneficial returns he left out, like more educated people voting for parties that are less likely to screw them over.
instead of the boxes they should use a progress bar to visualize distance between guess and solution... otherwise fun i guess
That's not correct. Chinese population is decreasing. Indian population will also decrease once it arrives in the muddle class.

The issues are in borderline countries that have a high population growth and are prone to migration.
ShardingSphere 5.1.0 released. Evolve any DBMS to a distributed DB with sharding
This is a very good test to determine priorities. If you simply ask "what should be done?", there are too many answers. A better question is "what needs to be done so badly that you would sacrifice other worthwhile things to do it?".
This mirrors Netflix's old culture slide deck[0]

> adequate performance gets a generous severance package

> We’re a team, not a family; We’re like a pro sports team, not a kid’s recreational team

[0] https://www.slideshare.net/reed2001/culture-1798664/
No one said that, or anything remotely like that or that implies that.

I guess you have a PhD and embody the "exhibit A" counter example eh? Educated yet no better than the uneducated at communication and comprehension.

Or let me guess, you only took technical classes. As close to 100% stem as the system would let you.

I don't really want to make personal attacks like that but this kind of comment is exactly an example of the topic. What field on what spreadsheet gets what number increased or decreased by one to quantify the cost of this sort of lack of understanding?
I will build on that.

"They tweak standard return calculations to get another publication – then move on with their lives."

I will go even as far as to say that the quantitative does not matter. Or more specifically, it is there only to provide an excuse for promoting a specific agenda. It is depressing, but this is where we are.

I saw few exceptions to that rule.
> Well, that's not true. In a place were land is plentiful and cheap, the price to get a house is dominated by the cost of building. Doesn't matter if there's an existing house that someone is willing to pay 100 for it. If people can trivially buy land and build for 20, that would be the cost to own a house in the area (note: a house, not THAT particular house).

Definitely true, just look at home prices in the south and midwest where there is plenty of land [0].

[0]: https://www.supermoney.com/inflation-adjusted-home-prices/
Kagi Search.
TOTP's big problems are:

* It can be phished. An active phish persuades you this is Famous Bank, you enter the TOTP code, they relay it to the actual Famous Bank and steal your money.

* Under the hood it's just a Shared Secret which means the Relying Party can lose all your credentials. You have no way to be sure they did a good job securing them, and they've got every reason to blame you if those credentials are stolen.

* Psychologically humans perceive the TOTP code entry as mutually authenticating when it isn't. The site asked for my Famous Bank TOTP code, and it worked, so therefore this is actually Famous Bank. This actually makes them less cautious than they should be.
Reddit search results could be better. For example, it'd be great to search only in comments, or in post titles, descriptions. Now, it searches posts only. The subreddits search shows some relevant subreddits by their names, but the other results aren't valid. E.g. type any search query and there's a high chance that r/teenagers are there too.
There could be no fancy algorithms, just give more filters. Meanwhile, people try to build websites around Reddit to leverage their search(what I do).
Hosting Storybook for Free on Vercel
TypeScript Without TypeScript
Those are very valid points. I had not thought of them. However, what you describe here really is not the reality of our team but I agree it’s the case in most places.

I work for a large multi-national in the entertainment industry with a really good work culture. We leave a lot of autonomy (we in fact expect people to become autonomous) and trust that we all know how to do our job. It has been very rewarding so far.

On the technical side, very few of our positions are entry level, some are but most are more advanced.

For example, we reached a maturity level where we don’t only build detection but we also build unit tests for them, either by making our own payloads or use and contribute to projects like Atomic Red Team. This requires excellent knowledge of OS internals, cloud security, system programming, etc.

Your comment makes me think we should try to reflect all of this in the job description to make the positions more appealing. There might be good candidates out there hesitating, thinking it’ll be like life in an MSSP SOC.
>And they did target military target when they had good target.

If you don't have a good military target, then don't bomb them.

Yes killing however many thousands of people will drive down production. It doesn't end the war and it only makes the post war stage more difficult.
This. It has less to do with personal character and more to do with the incentives baked into the company.
> Blue collar wedges (wages?) are pretty similar across time, but the cost of house construction (ignoring land) is dramatically higher.

Blue collar wages as a whole may have, but construction workers' wages since 2006 have increased 47% when adjusted for inflation. This should come as no surprise, since that field historically has strong unions. You also have more rigorous safety codes for those workers.

On top of that, building codes have changed dramatically (thankfully) in those past 100 years. Whether it's structural, insulation, windows, electrical wiring and capacity, plumbing (older homes pipes were narrower, so couldn't handle things like a garbage disposal).
Maybe I'm the odd one, but when someone is arrested 16 times in one day, for offenses so minor he can be instantly released, I assume that they're probably suffering from some kind of mental illness and needs help and treatment, which could be provided in a secure environment if they are a danger to themselves or others, but just raising the price of bail seems like a conplete non-solution.

Looked it up, it's another homeless man.
> But none of this is expressed in the calculation that measures the "value" of education by the personal financial gain an individual can achieve. Therefore I argue that this measure is not suitable to measure the value of education.

I agree, that would be a very short-sighted calculation. Luckily, that's not even close to the calculation that Bryan Caplan did and is talking about.

I'm not sure if we're actually disagreeing or arguing past each other. Bryan Caplan wrote a book about whether education is "worth it", in many senses - both the personal "is it worth it for me" aspect, but also the "is it worth it for society" aspect. He delved into multiple different topics as part of this question - including, I believe, questions like the ones you raise. (It's been a while since I read his book).

You are not fundamentally disagreeing with the notion of calculating the value of education. You're disagreeing with a specific calculation that you think I (or someone else) did, but which isn't the actual calculation done by anyone.
Germany: 0 World Series Championships

New York Yankees: 27 World Series Championships.

Really makes you think.
The whole point of a transactional database is that even in the case of a power loss you do not lose data. If you UPS blows up, and so you lose power, you should not lose data.

The point here is that on the apple systems if you do the correct thing your performance drops to that of spinning disks.
How far back does this go? Since Ranjit Singh also took it by force, should it be returned to India who should then also return it to Afghanistan? What about that guy?
What is worse is their NVMe controller having 50x worse flush performance than the competition.
Been a while since I used a Mac, but I'm fairly certain there was a system level setting for whether scrollbars are always visible or not.
The effects of education on democratic participation, workforce participation and public health are all explicitly assessed in Caplan’s book, particularly chapter 6. This comment tends to prove the point he makes in the article: “Quantitative social science is barely relevant in the real world … If you’re lucky, researchers default to common sense. Otherwise, they go with their ideology and status-quo bias, using the latest prestigious papers as fig leaves.”
Usually this is solved by including domain experts on the development teams. Their responsibility is not to program, but to document and verify that the test cases are adequate. This is well known, but often ignored because it's expensive.
The POSIX spec is deliberately ambiguous about this.
No, modern filesystems aren't expected to be corrupted by sudden power loss, and "put it behind a ups" assumes that it's impossible for a UPS to fail.
> Like Encyclopedia Brittanica, but on steroids. With 500.000 editors and a couple millions volunteers instead of a couple hundred editors.

DMOZ was pretty close to that, but freely available. And Google now has their Knowledge Graph, which is internally curated but largely fed from outside sources including the free Wikidata.
> Every C-level employee is an asshole and probably a sociopath

That's a big generalization without any argument to back it up.
I don't think it's intentional but just recoginzes a unicode code point with the uXXXX syntax even without the backslash and then includes the literal character in the info box without any consideration for special characters.

For example this shows an @: https://duckduckgo.com/?q=u0040&ia=answer
The most famous anti-value was "Don't be evil" and look where that ended up.

"Don't be a dick" has good practical mileage.

The Kantian ideal of the Kingdom of Ends is pretty good one if you
formulate it as "Don't use people", but that's too high a standard for
almost any business today (especially the ones whose entire model is
"using people").

One of my personal maxims is "Lead people not into temptation". In
other words, no addictive (engagement) features, no lock-in, don't
create dependency, make sure the code you write enables people and
gives then freedom and choice (migration/federation etc). Again,
those values are almost impossible to maintain in todays climate of
hyper-exploitation.
https://archive.fo/BL1Wy