skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> After losing a few key personnel lately I have become painfully aware of the amount of knowledge stuck with individuals

Speaking as a technical writer who has worked deeply with engineering teams. You might be "missing the forest for the trees" here a bit by focusing on documentation technology rather than engineering culture. Your team doesn't feel compelled or rewarded to create documentation. Go to your head of engineering, CEO, etc., share the story of losing critical company knowledge when these people left, and suggest to them that the team needs to be properly incentivized to create docs. Make documentation a factor in promotion, bonuses, social recognition, etc.

The technology is more likely to take care of itself after that. Rather, you'll have more engagement from stakeholders and will have more confidence around what will work.

But beyond that, in terms of wrapping your head around information architecture, Divio's documentation system is a great start: https://documentation.divio.com/

You can hire or find technical writers to give brown bag lunches on documentation basics. I would do it for you. Poke around on my HN profile and you'll find how to contact me.

Last, I would set the expectation that it's OK to feel like you're winging the documentation. I suspect a lot of engineers don't write docs because they feel they are bad writers and don't know what they're doing. Just focus on creating a safe space to creating docs and keeping them up-to-date first. Over time as you all use each other's docs you will figure out why they suck.

The Write The Docs conference videos on YouTube are also an excellent resource.
Building a high availability system? The downtime (especially scheduled downtime) of many of these "99%" services is shocking compared to the cutting edge consumer services we're used to. The "hug of death" is an affectionate meme that basically describes the remarkably common scenario where a "99%" website goes down at the precise moment at where it's peaking in popularity and profitability.

Or how about high performance? Google famously knows that every millisecond of delay strongly impacts user retention and bounce rate, yet you wouldn't know it browsing many "99%" services. Achieving consistently low end-to-end latency is really hard regardless of scale, it's so easy for performance issues to creep in from every corner of your stack and accumulate.

These are hard problems and IMO they are rarely solved well by just stapling together some useful crap.
It very much _does_ happen in the UK, though rarer than it ought.

I've even seen the police crack out light meters to fine boy racers with overly tinted windows.
Never seen this one. I'll give it a shot. Although, I find the constellation mapping next to useless.
I made this reversle solver a while back, where you put in the pattern and solution and it gives you the possible words. I used it to draw pictures (like flowers) and write poems.

https://jse.li/wordle-reverse/

Flowers: https://twitter.com/__jesse_li/status/1480341968110690309

Poem: https://twitter.com/__jesse_li/status/1480768147875667971
I can't read the article. They are using probably demineralized water and not distilled water, because the process is easier and cheaper. Anyway, in both case Wikipedia doesn't say it will burn your throat:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distilled_water#Health_effects

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purified_water#Mineral_consump...
I believe this is also the official reason
Their solution was to introduce entropy into the beginning of the object names, which used to be AWS's recommendation for how to ensure objects are placed in different partitions. AWS claims this is no longer necessary, although how their new design actually handles partitioning is opaque.

"This S3 request rate performance increase removes any previous guidance to randomize object prefixes to achieve faster performance. That means you can now use logical or sequential naming patterns in S3 object naming without any performance implications."

https://aws.amazon.com/about-aws/whats-new/2018/07/amazon-s3...
My work itself is largely focused around performance and trying to get our games to work as well as possible across many different platforms. I also do some new feature development, though that has mainly been focused on implementing efficient replacements for nice but expensive effects. Near releases my focus also shifts when needed to help out with various crashes or other bugs.

Most of my work is spent capturing frames in graphic debuggers, analyzing them to identify issues, then implementing necessary performance improvements. For a fairly representative example you can read this article I wrote about one aspect of my work for Lost in Random: https://agentlien.github.io/fog . It doesn't go very deep into technical details since it was more aimed at people with some technical knowledge curious about game development rather than fellow graphics programmers. As such it doesn't mention the actual performance optimizations brought up during my internal presentation at the company.

As for necessary skills: A lot of it is simply low level programming and knowledge about the target hardware. There's also the specific knowledge of graphics APIs and the languages and tools to work with them. When it comes to math there's a very heavy focus on linear algebra, even more so than in game development overall. Everything is about vertices and transforms applied to them. For modern shaders there's also a fair bit of calculus since everything from BRDFs in physically based rendering to effects such as ambient occlusion are described using integrals.

I hope that answers your question.
always the best option. So how do we sole that digital divide between what makes a pen and paper great and the next note taking app?
It talks about why, because all those different ways require escaping.
Love the idea of anti-values. Although I feel what the author is doing is trying to upgrade values towards guiding principles, which really resonates with me.

I'm a Lego Serious Play certified facilitator and what we do with one of our workshops is helping organizations defining what we call Simple Guiding Principles (SGP). SGP's are identified by an org as a set of principles that can help guide autonomous decision making.

The example "Optimise learning over focus" is a perfect SGP as it gives the individual a practical principle to follow, for example when prioritizing his/her time.
Hmm as slow as that is, does the controller support VERIFY? Because there is FUA in verify which forces the range to flush as well, and it could be used as a range flush. Depending on how they implement the disk cache its possible that is faster than a full cache walk (which is likely what they are doing).

This is one of those things that SCSI was much better at, SYNC CACHE had a range option which could be used to flush say particular files/database tables/objects/whatever to nonvolatile storage. Of course out of the box Linux (and most other OSs) don't track their page/buffer caches closely enough to pull this off, so that fsync(fileno) is closer to sync(). So, few storage systems implemented it properly anyway.

The choice of ignoring flushes vaguely makes sense if you assume the mac's SSD is in a laptop with a battery. In theory then the disk cache is non-volatile (and this assumption is made on various enterprise storage arrays with battery backup as well, although frequently its a controller setting). But i'm guessing someone just ignored the case of the mac mini without a battery.
I call this read-through documentation (a la caching), in that you're always reading from the documentation (cache) and a missing document pulls it into the documentation (by writing it), before servicing the request.

It takes discipline, as otherwise everyone skips the "write documentation" step, and it will annoy some people with high priority issues.

But IMHO, it's the only thing that actually scales if you truly want comprehensive, continuously-updated documentation.

Side note: An excellent way to generate drafts for missing content is have your new hires write them as they get up to speed. By definition they're looking everything up, so they'll notice gaps. And they have time, before they're fully up to speed. And as long as someone with knowledge proofs their draft, their lack of experience shouldn't matter.
Nope, it's not a deliberate optimization / delay. Doing the flushes creates an extra ~10MB/s of DRAM memory traffic from the NVMe controller vs. not doing them while creating the same write rate. The firmware is doing something dumb when issued a flush command, it's not just sitting around and waiting.

> There's pretty close to 0% chance Apple would have messed this up accidentally though, in my opinion

There's pretty close to 100% chance Apple would not have cared/optimized for this when designing this SSD controller, because it was designed for iOS devices which always have a battery, and where next to no software would be issuing flushes.

And then they put this hardware into desktops. Oops :-)

Lots of things about the M1 were rushed and have been fixed along the way. I wouldn't be in the least bit surprised if this were one more of them that gets fixed a couple macOS versions down the line, now that I've made some noise about it.
I’m not yet making a living and it took me years to get to this point. I think I’ve got a reasonable shot to make a living off this now, though.
Wear a helmet people! It doesn’t look cool, but it does keep your head in one piece.

In California the law is to ride as far to the right as is safe. I interpret that as being 1 car door length away from parked cars. A cop with too much time on their hands may disagree with you, but do it anyway and fight the ticket.

I don’t mean to be blaming the cyclist here, the person in the car should have definitely looked before opening the door. That’s just reckless behavior on a busy city street.
Side-question, prompted by the site where the article appears:

Does anyone have a suggestion for software for managing an org chart? If web-based, a requirement would be to be self-hosted.

I'm currently using data in simple text files, custom scripts generating graphviz input, and dot(1) output.
> over 16% of all of the non-RFC1918 space is suspected squatted DoD space!
Ah so you want aeronautical engineering, not rocket science!
> that the people talking to the customer are not the same people developing the application

I think there can be some slack in this. I've had great success when product managers and UX designers worked closely tightly with engineers but were the only ones talking to customers/users. As long as their focus is on deeply understanding the domain and user needs it can work really well. I think XP describes this as something like a standin customer.
I remember that day, the day I really gave up on Advent of Code. There was no way to solve the problem without tweaking things by hand. It stopped being a programming puzzle, and just became a nightmare.
Wind stops and the sun doesn't shine
I like the three-quote literal syntax in general, and am a bit surprised that C# doesn't have this already. Even Java has had this for awhile now!

But I don't like the indented form, where nested triple-quotes are ignored. Whitespace formatting is fine when I'm working with Python, but I really don't want to mix that paradigm when I'm working with curly-brace languages.
Fishy Results on Ocean Acidification
Is this really an argument, though? Certainly for any communication style X, some people will struggle with X. Even then, if, for example, speaking demonstrably had far fewer "strugglers", does that automatically make it preferable?
Interesting you and others use Bitwig, which I've never even considered using before. Maybe I should pay broader attention.
Thank you! This is the first explanation that I think fully explains what I was confused about. So essentially the prefix is just the first N bytes of the object's name, where N is a per-bucket number that S3 automatically decides and adjusts for you. And it has nothing to do with delimiters.

I find the S3 documentation and API to be really confusing about this. For example, when listing objects, you get to specify a "prefix". But this seems to be not directly related to the automatically-determined prefix length based on your access patterns. And [1] says things like "There are no limits to the number of prefixes in a bucket.", which makes no sense to me given that the prefix length is something that S3 decides under the hood for you. Like, how do you even know how many prefixes your bucket has?

[1] https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/userguide/optimi...
Seems like it's a much higher rate limit, but it exists none the less, and Shopify's scale has also grown significantly since 2018 (when that article was written) - so it was probably a valid way for them to go.
> This used to work well but moderators have "professionalized" and nowadays will viciously stamp out any kind of separarism.

How would they go about doing that? I see new, competing subreddits being created all the time. Like, what could a mod do to stop me if I wanted to create a new competing sub?
> they will now automatically switch to the headset profile when an application begins recording audio

My phone does this and I find it incredibly annoying, because the profile that uses a microphone has terrible sound quality, and a constant low-volume background white noise.
nice summary of my post! thank you very much
Known hacker Aubrey Cottle claims he hacked GiveSendGo
I've given some thought to this kind of string literal in the past (for my imaginary programming language). I want a syntax something like this:

var xml = """<element attr="content">
""" <body>
""" </body>
"""</element>
""";

This would give you the string:

<element attr="content">
<body>
</body>
</element>(no newline)

If you wanted a newline at the end, you'd do this:

var xml = """<element attr="content">
""" <body>
""" </body>
"""</element>
"""
""";

Basically the end delimiter of the string would be the last """. You could concatenate two strings like so:

var xml = """<element attr="content">
""" <body>
""" </body>
"""</element>
"""
""" // this string ended on this line
+
"""<element attr="content">
""" <body>
""" </body>
"""</element>
"""
"""; // this string ended on this line

This could use the same logic for using at least three quotes as the indicator that it's a multiline string.

Please, tear this apart and offer improvements.

Edit: this is conceptually similar to Zig's multiline literal: https://ziglang.org/documentation/master/#Multiline-String-L...
This is cool! Thank you for sharing!
You made my point for me.
Buffers necessitate latency.

Also, while I don’t know the project yet I can see the benefit in building something from the ground-up in a way that embraces multi-process “in/out” pipes. Someone could have dozens of effects all connected to the audio signal, then run that to dozens or hundreds of outputs (streams online, multiple speakers, recording applications, analog mixer inputs...). Traditionally that kind of usage is fragile as memory corruption can happen at any stage since everything is writing/reading the same buffer. If they have a true graph implementation then applications could interact with the graph edges and the overall system would be much more robust.
I think you're right:

> Any line breaks within verbatim string literals are part of the resulting string. If the exact characters used to form line breaks are semantically relevant to an application, any tools that translate line breaks in source code to different formats (between "\n" and "\r\n", for example) will change application behavior.

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/language-refe...
In political matters the ones with the guns are "right."
>Unless there is out and out fraud, very little of student loans should be forgiven.

We should only be subsidizing loans for degrees that have a decent chance on being able to pay the loan back. A lot of these degrees are fraudulent in that regard. I know higher education is supposed to be more than a trade school, but when student loans are concerned, viability in the workforce needs to be taken into consideration.

Of course, companies used to prioritize and hire people with degrees regardless of what the degree was in because it proved they were teachable. I'm not sure why that isn't the case any longer.
Its typical that everyone is defending the status quo. I doubt the reason it doesn't have that feature is because they are against it. I think it's just one of those things that adds a significant amount of complexity without a ton of benefit for most people. But I also think if they had several developers working on the site, they would have done it.

You can just scan down recent threads to see if there are replies.

But it's objectively a missing feature that could be somewhat useful.
In the American south, there are a lot of masonry, or concrete homes or even AAC. See florida.

In the north masonry homes have a lot of problems with freeze thaw cycles. As far as upgrades
, remodeling, overall costs goes stick built homes are superior.
Tangential but someone mentioned that S Jobs got his “one more thing…” from that show.
By that logic shouldn’t we also stop using programming languages that aren’t threadsafe? Segfaulting could be prevented if C++ wasn’t so esoteric.
Tell HN: 1Password shares passwords you don't want shared
I mentioned this in a comment [0], but given how serious this potentially is I thought it might warrant a Tell HN.

Only tested on a Mac with 1Password 7 using Agile Bits' sync.

If you have shared and private vaults on 1Password, using the Generate Password button in 1Password Mini doesn't let you select which vault that password should be saved in until it becomes a login, however, at that point it has already saved the password you generated in your shared vault, and anyone who you share that vault with can see both the password, and the site that it was generated for. This has obvious security implications but also, maybe less obviously, privacy implications as you may not want your entire company to know that you just generated a password for a jobs site.

[0] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=30370947
What distro are you using? Switching was trivial for me. Pipewire exposes the same API as pulseaudio, so nothing was really impacted.
Does pipewire in any way help overcome shitty quality of bluetooth headset (with mic) audio?
Honestly a Frequently Delivered Answers training for new developers is probably one of the best things you can include in onboarding.

Every environment has its footguns, after all.
sigh. My team is facing all these issues. Drowning in data. Crazy S3 bill spikes. And not just S3 - Azure, GCP, Alibaba, etc since we are a multi-cloud product.

Earlier, we couldn't even figure out lifecycle policies to expire objects since naturally every PM had a different opinion on the data lifecycle. So it was old-fashioned cleanup jobs that were scheduled and triggered when a byzantine set of conditions were met. Sometimes they were never met - cue bill spike.

Thankfully, all the new data privacy & protection regulations are a life-saver. Now, we can blindly delete all associated data when a customer off-boards or trial expires or when data is no longer used for original purpose. Just tell the intransigent PM's that we are strictly following govt regulations.
Does it somehow prove that people are losing files when transferring them over the network? People would definitely notice it.
As this is so dependant on your own bandwidth is it really worth saying?
> fails if the files referenced by $f contain white spaces or a newline.

This is said every time Bash scripting is mentioned. Why people can't get into the habit of quoting all variables in Bash is beyond me and the mention of white space makes sense; but how often, if ever, have you encountered a file name that contained a newline?

Most of the Unix tools are line oriented by default anyway and are frequently used to manipulate lists of file names and paths.
>Even so, if you read the resources and the ship's logs they reference, there was a LOT of petty crime, crimes of passion like assaults, murders, etc during those blockades.

Hardly surprising given a lot of the men before the mast were impressed (ie effectively kidnapped) merchant sailors and sometimes criminals offloaded out of prisons so that counties could fill their quota of seamen the government demanded. Having said that, apparently there were lots of volunteers despite the harsh conditions as the Navy was still better than some of their lives on land!
1. They're probably not representative

2. You probably notice macs more because of their uniform branding, compared to a mish-mash of different looking other laptops.

3. Is it not enough to watch and listen to a keynote without pulling out a laptop?
They literally explain why as design goal #1:

> Provide a mechanism that will allow all string values to be provided by the user without the need for any escape-sequences whatsoever.
For what it's worth, I've these endpoints in use for VPCs that still had internet access. Meaning that if you attempted to read the "real" internet address you put your VPC subnet on, they would be unreachable.

It's hard/impossible to figure out if the VPC in question has been setup this way. But I agree that it would be likely that most of these VPC with the endpoints on don't have internet access.

However if we assume (dangerously I suppose) that the VPC subnet distribution is similar to other VPCs without private link, we can imagine how many other VPCs are squatting on space that do have internet access!

(Assuming any of this makes sense)
I'm curious whether there is any info on the dev team who created the PX-1000 (where PC-1000Cr is implemented). Any more info on how the NSA got a backdoor inserted? There's [1] which gives a general overview.

This seems like a fascinating story, would be happy to read more!

[1] https://www.cryptomuseum.com/crypto/philips/px1000/nsa.htm
Indeed. As a programmer desperate for technical edutainment to consume after work, he’s a gem.
Aren't FOSS maintainers famously "my way or the highway"?
You absolutely can as long as you’re doing what voters wants. Zoning and city planning is well within the purview of local government.
Why was this flagged? Because it asks a question against the party line?
> Let's Encrypt finally solved that, but at the same time effectively made SSL certs mostly worthless for identity purposes

Which was and is reasonable, given that encryption mitigates risks that can't be mitigated otherwise, and is therefore a more pressing concern for security -- you can take many other measures to verify who the party on the other end of a connection is, but once unencrypted traffic exits your network, there's not much you can do to prevent snooping.

It again goes back to muddling up these two separate concerns. If we used CA-issued certificates only for identity validation, we could have optimized them for that purpose and not diminished their value because the need for ubiquitous encryption was a higher priority. Meanwhile, we could have just had web servers auto-generating encryption keys (a la SSH, as you point out), without being shackled to the trust hierarchy, and had universal adoption of HTTPS 20 years ago. Instead, we got a single solution to two different problems that is still forcing us to compromise one for the other.