skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Low FODMAP works, but it’s precisely because it’s unlike all other “diets”. It’s a systematic removal of basically all short-chain sugars. The problem with it, as someone who was instructed to follow it, is that it’s extremely unintuitive to know what foods are low or high FODMAP without the list. Because of this, it’s really easy to make mistakes unless you consult the list prior to eating.

So it definitely gives positive results, but it’s also very difficult to follow.
It's the same bacteria found in Natto
I think it's really hard - we don't know what a healthy state of the microbiome is. There is likely a lot of individuality, what is healthy for me is maybe not healthy for you. This probably has to do with early life immune system development and what we were exposed to as kids.

At a high level we know that diversity of microbial species in the gut (but for instance, not in the vagina) is linked to better overall health state. Is this because of the microbes? Probably not, it's probably that the microbes are a sensor/responding to an overall healthy diet/ecosystem.

In general, there are commercial services to track your microbiome and they are interesting from a data perspective, but I am not sure you will get much health information out of them.

We know the answer to a healthy diet - there are no microbial talismans - but it's just not sexy. Eat lots of plants, less sugar, and exercise. I wish it was as easy to follow this advice as it is to write haha.
Thanks for responding. If I understand correctly, then I would need a server like nodejs or django generating and sending the "index.htmx" to the browser and then responding to users interactions by embedding the data from the server inside of the htmx files, correct?
The rule of thumb in nutrition is diet is way more effective than supplements.

There's a place for supplements, some of them may be helpful or not, but having a good diet that naturally includes those things is always better.
> back in my day, if we disrespected the teacher, we got licks in front of the classroom

The evidence that physical violence as punishment against children is counterproductive and harmful to their development is pretty overwhelming (and the evidence that it is harmful for those who merely witness and are under pervasive threat of it rather than actually punished with it is also strong.)

Promoting abuse of children just because you were raised in an environment where abuse was normalized (and one where that might have been excusable as nonculpable ignorance because the evidence of harm was not as compelling as it has since become) does little but demonstrate what the phrase “cycle of abuse” means.
>I think where you're going here is toward an assertion that "any failure at all is unacceptable". We're trying to replace a system here that is already fatally (literally!) flawed. The bar is very low.

Failure is not the issue when it comes to Tesla FSD, accountability is.

For any mistakes human drivers makes, they have to pay up with money, have their license suspended, or with jail time, depending on the severity of their mistake.

You fuck up, you pay the price. That's the contract under which human drivers are allowed on the road. Humans drivers are indeed flawed, but with our law and justice systems, we have accountability to keep those who break the law in check, while allowing freedom for those who respect it. It's one of the pillars of any civilized society.

In my country, running a stop sign or a red light means you get your license suspended for a while. When a self driving Tesla does the same mistake, why doesn't Tesla's FSD AI have its "license" suspended as well? That's the issue.
Interesting. I encourage people to publish early/often. However, depending on the problem, I would rather see some tests early on which would be defining the approach being developed. It's not necessarily a black/white issue for me, but there are cases where having some tests (or even just some written docs with the thinking outlined) is preferable.
Yeah give me the IQ file, while a screen shot has proof of what I’m saying the IQ data will have it in spades.
Let’s ignore the attempt to use the court to silence the press and look at the other part: why are businesses allowed to create subsidiaries that are just debt vehicles to be placed in bankruptcy?

If a company can do it, why can’t I do that for my personal debt?
Yes of course. I did low-fodmap for many months few years ago and continue to do it (when I go to an unknown place for example or travel).

In studies Low-fodmap is typically only recommended for ~6 weeks. I now try to eat any kind food though, I eat everything in smaller quantities and this also helps.

I personally found that a combination of diet, stress, sleep control are the most effective for managing IBS symptoms. Any one of those can flare up the symptoms at any time and managing all of them is key
Maybe you’re just a lone wolf type. Maybe you’re burnt out from the pandemic / work-at-home dystopia we’re all suffering with. Maybe you just DGAF. It’s all valid.
I'm not sure that CAHSR is an example of why we can't build infrastructure. They're building it. There are YouTubers that have done drone flyovers of most of the first construction packages, and progress is being made pretty quickly. I have a feeling that too much has been done to cancel the project now. The corresponding Bay Area projects seem to be proceeding as well (CalMod, CalTrain electrification, etc).

Texas Central also seems to be making progress on Dallas-Houston high speed rail.

That said, I agree that the taxpayers don't feel like giving billions of dollars to BNSF and Union Pacific, so they probably won't electrify until there is no other option. Fuel costs just aren't high enough to make it profitable, and the environmental externalities are still free. (But, of course, you'd rather see a 500 car freight train burning fossil fuels than 500 tractor trailers driving down the interstate burning fossil fuels.)
It's the same for me. If I eat the wrong food, I'll feel fine for the rest of that day.

Then the next day, almost always in the morning is when the problems will start. Perhaps the bacteria had time to ferment the food overnight.

So when I have symptoms, I always look at what I ate the previous day.
Which kinda makes sense in a single column context. Overall NULL semantics are what they are but in a single table column one can argue that two NULLs could be exactly the same thing.
1) DuckDB - like the performance and that it's tightly integrated into python. Clickhouse local - i saw the announcement when it came out, but i just don't see the usecase for it in analytics.
DataFusion is new for me.
I'd say that the ecosystem is moving towards snowflake/bigquery/redshift/...

2) Why would you want to do that? You'd use bitmap index because it's quite compact and you can process the data at the speed of memory bandwidth, using ascii defeats that, no?

3) Not really. I just can't imagine costs of running any large website or app with serverless.

4) I think it's the same in the US - everyone competes for the same talent with FAANG (MAANG?). The salary gap between big companies and startups is even lower in Russia.
Also, we humans want to do meaningful things, some of us struggle to find meaning in being another bigco employee.

5) Py
Coupling a free and easy to acquire national ID for every citizen with the requirement to show your ID when voting is the obvious compromise. It makes one wonder why almost all the people pushing for voter ID laws refuse to engage with this compromise.
No. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klebsiella
“Hunger” by Knut Hamsun is another one.
Can't you basically do that by hidding UI-Elements? Firefox already has a good cli-interface.
>There is no fundamental right to movement by airplane.

This is kind of the same question as the free speech issue on social media platforms. Where do we draw the line at what remains a public utility? There is already an extensive framework of laws in place regarding peoples rights to use a motor vehicle for transportation, including the right to file a legal appeal to one's license revocation. Flying in a plane should come with the same rights and responsibilities.
I would also pay attention to reviews and keep an eye out for problems like DisplayPort deep sleep. I have two monitors, one goes into DP deep sleep with no way to disable and the other doesn't. The monitor that doesn't will always wake first and all windows will end up moved onto that monitor since the DP deep sleep monitor is technically "off" for a few seconds. As you can imagine reorganizing all your windows every time you come out of sleep is a bit of a PITA. Fortunately this is one area where Windows 11 helps as they added some feature to better help laptops reconnect to external displays. It's still a problem on other OSs IME though.
Damnit, I hate it when other people are more eloquent and on the money than me.
It's important to keep this in mind though because R (or rather S) is primarily supposed to be used interactively. A prof of mine used to call the R REPL and then go on from there. He called an editor from the REPL, wrote source files from the REPL etc. Once you see someone working with R like that, you start seeing R as what it is.

The beautiful it is to be used interactively, it really takes a lot of practice to write reliable code that doesn't abort with some error now and then.
Consumer stupidity is one of the key elements of many frauds.
I bought a greyscale eink tablet that I use as a monitor. It is fantastic. I find myself much more able to concentrate while using it.
> more support

Mostly outside of education. The US spends a lot on education and gets poor results for the investment because it also spends on lot on institutionalizing racism and reinforcing socioeconomic insecurity in the working class, which creates a lot for the education system to work against.
When people speak of them dismissively, is it really the tech that they are dismissing or the investment value of various NFT art/cards?
I've seen these studies time and time again. I do wonder what are the practical steps one takes to "repair" or "renew" their gut? I'm not a fan of drugs being the cure. In fact, I don't think they are the first solution people should hope for or supplement with unless it's not practical to get them in a natural way.

I feel like we see more and more gut related issues due to depression & depression's little cousin anxiety. IBS for example manifests itself from anxiety and can also be a gut microbiome imbalance.

If there are more and more studies around gut health being a sort-of panacea of mental & physical health, why aren't we focusing on making healthier decisions for our diet, exercise, and mental well being?

It's no surprise that many people(myself included) in our always connected world suffer with crippling anxiety from over stimulation/shock & awe news/comparison to others/overwork/etc. That anxiety manifests in your gut as digestive issues. Those digestive issues make you less likely to exercise for long periods of time or even at all.

In my opinion, it's four main things. Increase sleep, improve/wide ranging diet, moderate exercise, and reduced stress. There are definitely hacks like fiber, yogurt, sauerkraut, and more that people swear by, but I am genuinely curious if a study had tracked some of these variables to see if they improve gut microbiomes.
Absolutely - the chemicals that microbes make in the gut pass into your blood stream and from there access the entire body. There are mechanisms the body uses to ensure these chemicals are detoxified (phase I and phase II metabolism in the liver) and that they are excreted if they reach too high a concentration.

More locally, the enteroendocrine cells (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enteroendocrine_cell) that line the gut translate much of the internal nutrient state of the gut up to the brain to tell you things about if you should eat, etc.

There is a lot of research on how we could alter satiety by finding the right language that these cells use. There are approved drugs on the market that mimic the activity of these cells (incretin mimetics) to reduce appetite/weight control.
Or people can just enjoy things in an organic way. I'm tired of "challenges". It's ok not to practice something every day. We don't need to be constantly working on ourselves. It's ok to just be.
Sounds about right.

It’s the good old server templates (we use Jinja), and for interactivity I have additional attributes here and there, and sometimes additional endpoints.

It’s miles better than full-fledged JS SPA. I’ve had React+GraphQL app that I’m migrating piece by piece when we need a new feature, and it’s a few times faster to do and easier to understand.
Ideology as Biology
> NFTs can be used for so many different things that you're inviting history to make a fool of you if you dismiss them. [0]

Yes. One of those uses is domain names on the blockchain, which that is the only valid use-case for NFTs, just like ENS.

> Even if I were sure that most current uses of NFTs were bogus, I'd never dare to say that all possible uses were.

The most important word in this sentence is 'current'. Currently, 90% of these NFTs projects are useless JPEGs, but 10% of these NFT projects have a use-case and ENS is probably part of that 10%.

[0] https://ens.domains
Tangentially related, but I re-iterated the style of my "simple text-based website" a few times. During this period I noticed that once I find a design that looks slick - it gets too familiar after a couple of weeks and then looses it's "charm" and all the other sites I read suddenly appear more readable. One such time I stumbled upon a very clean website [1] and thought to myself how good it looked. After inspecting the style it turned out that it only centered the text, reduced the size of the headers, and increased the line height; didn't even bother to declare font-family as serif or sans. And that's what I ended up using too. It gets boring, as all the other styles did, but having it at that level of minimalism has its own charms, so I am no longer adjusting anything.

Another, similar point, is that when the content is good - the style get's ignored. As an example, I read these [2] [3] from start to finish without distracting myself, and enjoyed the read. Didn't even notice that they are in a plain `txt` style, and when I did - it wasn't an issue.

Basically what I am saying is that people can pay too much attention on style, and it gets overrated. At least in my opinion.

[1]: https://web.archive.org/web/20210614170925/https://www.gtf.i...

[2]: https://netfuture.org/2001/Nov1501_125.html

[3]: http://fmwww.bc.edu/repec/bocode/t/transint.html
I recently got a 27" 4k monitor that I use at 2x scaling, and I'm never going back to fewer pixels per inch.

When I now have to look at monitors with a lower PPIU it hurts my eyes. I can see the individual pixels very clearly and letters are blurry. Much less eyestrain on 4k, can recommend!
So far my attempts to reproduce the alleged performance degradation have not been fruitful. I've written up a fairly detailed gist [1] on how to get CPU performance metrics; appendix also has a dump of C1 and C2 compiled methods (useful for comparison). I also ran on 2-node NUMA; binding cpu and memory to different nodes didn't yield a repro. either.

[1] https://gist.github.com/srosenberg/41611d5f40cfcbad51aa27eb0...
Because you get to use Python.

And why would Python level "slow" matter at all for most kinds of apps? You're not writing games or bitmap editors with this...
The future of programming is a favorite of mine: https://youtube.com/watch?v=8pTEmbeENF4
As expected, good luck competing against either Azure PlayFab or Amazon GameLift for game development cloud infrastructure, specially with all the disappointment it has already made.

One year more, tops.
see also https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=30235378 on a similar topic
This is a truism, a platitude that can be said about anything. Can even be used to argue the opposite - history could make a fool of PG's tweet. I'd like to hear technical or social arguments for what makes this "thing" called NFTs useful or special, not "just wait and see" arguments. Almost lost my decade long respect for PG in a single tweet.
OP here. Surprised to see an old blog post resurface like this.

Just to be clear, I am not in favor of a centralized e-ID type of system. I think that would be a very ugly world to live in. I don't think that an e-ID is a good thing. This is why I talk about a web of trust at the end of the post. We need a better solution that doesn't rely on centralized control.

> On the other hand, local Facebook groups and the feed of your friends, Github repositories, Mastodon… may not face the same future. Maybe there's a lesson to learn here?

The way I see it, right now, bots are just not capable enough and it's not cost effective enough to try to gain access to these smaller communities. Facebook is a prime target because a single account gains you access to billions of users. That makes it worthwhile to farm out account creation to actual humans.

I do think smaller and more niche platforms will probably always be less subject to influence, but, there's money and power to be gained by influencing public opinion on any platform. So it's just a matter of time. Eventually there will be bots that are smart enough to create an account on any platform without human supervision and that are much less heavy handed and obvious. These bots will be able to auto-generate profile pictures and play more of a "long game" in terms of gaining your trust.
His face and clothes were in there.
Make no mistake, good fonts ARE porn.
Maybe I'm getting old and cranky, but I feel like I'm getting the hard sell with NFTs, cryptocoins,and the metaverse. I wish we could go a month without hearing about the wonderful revolution these technologies are going to bring us.
Yard service is a perfect application for these types of locomotives. Diesel fired locomotives tend to sit around idling and burning fuel many more hours than they are being used every day. Diesel locos also tend to not be very fuel efficient when constantly stopping/starting around the yard.
yes. It is probably one of the worst values in the entire automotive industry.

They always have this "buy now, the price will go up later!" but I had to ask myself: how much can the price go up? It's not going to be a $20,000 feature any time soon. I figured I was risking a couple thousand dollars that I would need to pay to upgrade later.
Do you think companies will be willing to thrust their future on top of either Azure PlayFab and Amazon GameLift, or Stadia Steam?
Here is also more about split tally sticks in medieval times:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2DkyahZplFo
Well, there is one for Kotlin:

https://www.jetbrains.com/lp/compose-mpp/
I wonder if you can do an interesting Damascus with it like those guys who do the same with old chainsaw chains.

In landfill it's a waste of embedded energy but not likely to be a hazard so I wouldn't worry too much, but clearly made something cool >> efficiently recycled >> just junked.
Oh yes, I also have a SubPac, which made me fall in love with tactile transducers aka. bass shakers.

I ended up attaching bass shakers to my chair too. Custom setup with two Reckhorn BS-200i, a cheap TDA7498E amplifier from AliExpress (more than powerful enough, and sound quality doesn't really matter), and EqualizerAPO for the software part. It cost me around $200 and a few hours for the full setup.
Be the change you want to see in the world :)
I wish everyone on HN had these same realizations. Both your comments are gold, almost literally. And people would be much happier to go into software dev with realistic expectations. I would’ve been.
There's almost certainly a power law applying to which tracks are getting the most use. If you can electrify 50% of traffic you would make a great upgrade, and it wouldn't require anything near 150,000km of track.
> Failing any interview is a real kick in the balls,

I used to think that, but then I got laid off. That was a real hit to the ego, let me tell you.

The fact is that the right job is a matching problem across so many dimensions that change over time (sometimes quickly, sometimes slowly) between many parties (employers are not monolithic!).
By far the biggest downside of this approach for me is that I found out about it in 2020 instead of 2013, when htmx predecessor was created (intercooler).
As I said, this is a "politicized drama". There is no solid evidence that voter id laws have any impact on voter turnout. The vast majority of Americans (80%) of all skin color support these laws. Describing them as "voter restriction laws" is literally true but dishonest and dishonesty is bad.
> I’m mad at you for leaving this man out on the streets. Alone, in the cold to fend for himself.

Odd perspective. He is mad at you for not doing the things he did not do either.
Is this really the causality. Could it be the other way around? Depressed people might in time develop bowl disorders?
Yes! Being able to have a single small charger that can charge everything from my laptop to my headphone in a single device has simplified my life immensely.

Similarly switching things to USB-c and having a USB charging hub in high traffic areas is huge too.
Here is a nice SFW article about Lena (Lenna) today:

https://www.wired.com/story/finding-lena-the-patron-saint-of...

A brief report from a 1997 IS&T conference where Lena was a special guest (also SFW except for one link that has a warning next to it):

http://www.lenna.org/lenna_visit.html

An article from The Pudding about Lena's wish for her Playboy image to stop being used:

https://pudding.cool/2021/10/lenna/

And her Wikipedia page:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lena_Forsén
When someone says “I’m legally prohibited from saying certain things,” you can’t reasonably expect then to detail those things.

This is why censorship is so dangerous … especially in a society that presumes freedom of speech.

There was a fascinating article (can’t find it) about the recipient of a NSL complaining to their congressman about being censored.

Their congressman told them such censorship was impossible under the current law so they shouldn’t worry about it.

They wanted to say “yes it’s possible, it’s happened to me.”

But that would have been illegal.
So it was impossible to convince their congressman to look into it, and therefore impossible to get the law changed.
Very interesting, thank you for answering!
Fascinating question - also not totally known.

We know that microbes colonize the gut in a somewhat predictable way as a function of age. As a newborn your gut is largely dominated by Bifidobacteria, and this slowly transitions to a more complex community over the next several years of life. Events like early childhood antibiotics, malnutrition, other disease, etc. can alter this trajectory. Interestingly this kind of ecological succession seems to be driven by an interplay of both immune maturation (as your immune system matures it starts being more selective about who it tries to let in) and by chemical processes. The gut becomes more anaerobic as the number of bacteria increase (and transition away from the Bifido dominated state) and that has a strong selective effect on the microbes that will grow well.

For specific commensal bacteria we know some of the mechanisms of colonization - there are particular genetic programs that bacteria turn on when they sense they are in the gut to enhance their ability to be retained and not washed out. These programs include physical attachment, motility, and chemical signalling to try to dampen the local immune response.

Pathogens are extremely good at getting in to the gut despite our best attempts at keeping them out. Salmonella typhimurium is notoriously adept at colonizing the host - the infectious dose you need is maybe 10 microbes taken orally in a susceptible host (compare that to 10 billion microbes/capsule in a probiotic).

For these specific bugs I don't know that much. I am excited to read more.