skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Does anyone know if there's a tool out there similar to https://railsbump.org/ that would allow me to quickly check how many of the gems I depend on are compatible with ruby 3? I know ruby 3.0.x has been the recommended ruby version since rails 6.1, but I'm not sure if that means that a gem that is 6.1-compatible is necessarily also ruby 3 compatible (since rails 6.1 still supports ruby versions as old as 2.5.0)
I can't give a cite for the following I read it in either a newspaper or magazine probably 30+ years ago.

There was a school district in a small town that for the first time gave IQ tests to all of the children in some younger age group, I think around 7 or 8. The results showed a several point difference between the white kids and the Black kids. The district wrote this off as due to cultural bias in the tests.

One teacher decided to look deeper to see if there could be some other factor that could explain the difference. What that teacher found was that in this district all of the white kids lived in suburban single family homes that had been recently built, and all of the Black kids lives in decades old apartment buildings.

In particular, the white kids' homes at all been built after we stopped using lead point, and the Black kids' homes were all built before that.

The kids were tested for lead exposure, and it turned out all the Black kids and none of the white kids had high lead levels. That lead to (no pun intended) cleaning up the environments in the old apartments and treating the Black kids for their high lead levels.

This was caught early enough for these kids to prevent permanent damage, and when tested a few years later the IQ gap had largely disappeared, and the Black kids were doing as well as the white kids in school which they had not been before being treated for their lead exposure.
Chesterton's Fence is a valid point, but I dislike how the article celebrates it. Doing the archeology required to figure out why things are the way they are is oftentimes much more expensive than building it was in the first place. This leads to terrible situations where it's cheaper to simply build an expressway over the fence rather than tear it down.

This is the stuff technical debt is made of.

Sometimes it's the right decision to risk second-order regressions in order to make forward progress. This of course depends on the circumstances and the costs of regressions.
Yes but Apple's license for ARM v7 allows it to do anything it wants with the tech regardless of who owns ARM. Only 5 to 7 companies have this license and it's very expensive.
I bought an HP machine in the US with malware deployed from Windows Updates.
See? You don't have to install malware yourself - that's the service!
But the point of my comparison to Plato's allegory of the cave is that there are situations where you can't know. If we applied Chesterton's fence to situations at the limit of our understanding, say physics, would we be compelled to shutdown CERN?
Wanted to implement some kind of catch-all address for a while now, but never had any reason to. + is part of the standard RFC and a dot-based sub addressing would have to be implemented by me.

If I ever find the time to implement a catch-all address I probably will have to use some randomization as well. If I for instance would use ojford+hey.cafe@mydomain.space or ojford.hey.cafe@mydomain.space it could be easily attributed to me, while for some sites I just want a throwaway mail address.
Of all stimulants, caffeine must be the worst one to combine with THC.
Proper stimulants like amphetamine or methylphenidate on the other hand...
A word of warning though, it's much more dangerous and my normal Wednesday (1/8oz weed and 40mg mph) can be your psychosis.
Do the moderators engage when someone says "Dude, that was fucking sick!"?

I'm just saying, I'm not surprised that a moderated server is more, uh, moderated, compared to an unmoderated server. I'm not sure the individual word choices are the determining factor compared to having someone paying attention and removing people with undesired behavior.
None, however they'd lose out on all the economic activity that drives the value of POS ethereum long term. And they'd lose the same economic activity drives the value of what they forked; and presumably that would cause a drop in value and less transactions; both of which are an incentive for miners to do something else with their resources.

That economic activity consists of all the smart contract/web3/whatever you want to call startups that are currently building solutions based on the main Ethereum network and the investors/traders/opportunists backing them by speculating on the value of their coins/NFTs/etc or the value of their solutions.

Most of those companies will probably benefit from the improved scalability and reduced cost associated with POS; or even require it to be viable at all. At least I would expect this to be true for the ones with some ambition to actually deliver working products; which are probably also the ones with the most investor backing. Of course, many more serious applications switched to alternate blockchains because of the scaling issues with POW might now consider switching back. And additionally, improved scale associated with POS might bring some new companies with investors as well. So, I would advice people to just follow the money when speculating on the future value of any fork.

I suspect that won't stop anyone from creating that fork and you should actually anticipate multiple parties doing this and claiming to be the one true fork with varying degrees of credibility to trick people into buying some of their forked ETH. That's just how pump and dumps work and there are plenty of opportunists active to make that happen. And of course a fork means there are plenty of people not interested in the fork that would end up selling their forked eth so they can buy some more actual eth. Lots of people selling and not a lot of people with a good reason to buy means forked eth is not going to be worth a lot. Miners are going to run whatever has the highest yield. That probably is not going to be a forked Ethereum. Probably it's more lucrative to switch to some other POW blockchain (doge, bitcoin, etc.) if you have any serious amount of hardware.

Disclaimer: I don't hold any Eth and am not really into crypto investing. Ironically, that makes me a more reliable source of information because I have no stake in this game.
Securing Your Phoenix LiveView Apps
> But there's a difference between trying to understand, say, a theorem by applying it in concrete situations and by studying its proof.

There may be a difference or there may not. You could study a proof within the context of a specific example. That is how I usually would do it. But yes of course it's possible not to do like that (many people don't study proofs that way). In any case, I don't really understand your point.
Well that's perplexing. I thought I responded to literally every concrete claim he made about HN.

The stuff about YC in general and Stripe in general I left out, partly because it's not my purview and partly because there's nothing concrete there.

Perhaps one day I will be zen enough to let false accusations fly by as I abide in bliss. Not there yet.
Did you ever see images like these?

https://www1.udel.edu/udaily/2009/may/cool051509.html

Then it should not be surprising that a telescope is about that size.
What I see (in a tech background company) and in general is, that the due to a lot of remote work instead of working in the office productivity and communication has suffered.

Also, due to the pandemic, I've experienced spontaneous bursts of depressions and the feeling of loosing motivation and anxiety. I have heard this from colleagues and friends as well.
Do you also store customer personal details and credit cards locally too?
Dollars Ex Machina
This map is very bad since

1. Most countries have "no data"

2. Those that do show an absolute number instead of a percentage, which makes the data essentially useless.
Get to Know the New Topics API for Privacy Sandbox
I think it’s all nice and fine if performance has no impact (which can be the case). For instance if your client can wait 30s for a report, no big deal.

Things go down when a query that used to take 4s now takes 30s as the product has taken off, handles 10x more data, and it’s not one user but a few hundreds having their request queued.

You wont have the luxury to not re-write that part in (probably) hard to read performant code. It can be a huge enough effort to blow away your deadlines and budget and sour pretty hard the relationship if your team struggles on something they aren’t used to do at all.
To show the comparison (737 for example here)

https://icdn2.digitaltrends.com/image/shuttle-948x1500.jpg?v...
Google kills off FLoC, replaces it with Topics
Even as a sheltered American, I know “mongoloid” is not “politically correct”. Having an important ruby library by the same name makes me uncomfortable.
Removing or glossing over can always be done later.

Adding back the thought process that the commits can reveal can often be hard later, even for the original author.
If Correlation Doesn’t Imply Causation, Then What Does?
Modafinil is great while you use it for some specific situations, but it’s a bad idea to take one everyday. From my experience, doing even half dosage everyday made my body feel sick, my muscles were tense all day and overly exhausted. There are other drugs that are way better than modafinil.
Very cool.

It's hard to read the tea leaves of the author affiliation list, but it sure looks like this work was led by a Hong Kong-based startup founded by Russians, with limited assistance from a couple North America-based researchers.

I'm curious why those Russians may have chosen to found in HK rather than, say, the Bay Area. We may want to contemplate what this means for America's competitive stance (not that I have any problem with the rest of the world doing awesome cutting edge research).
This reminds me of something I sae years ago from "ambient technology"

An umbrella whose handle lit up if there was rain in the forecast.

https://www.wired.com/2007/07/ambient-umbrell/amp
> VSCode is an inferior product in many respects, like speed and resource usage

This is a rote complaint but how often do you really notice it? Even on my ancient spare 2010 MacBook Air, VSC is responsive and it uses less RAM than other apps like Teams or Skype, or simply loading Gmail in Chrome. Yes, vim uses less RAM but it also has like 5% of the functionality.

Is it possible that this is specific to particular plugins or languages? I mostly use Python, JavaScript, Terraform, and Rust but I did notice that Java is, as always, a lot more demanding.
The new Clojure iteration function
This sort of thing is pretty common in many CI tools, so I wouldn’t call it bizarre exactly. Or unique to GH.

I agree that it’s a bit inelegant though.
There are significant inaccuracies in this take

(2) "controlling tech" All big players: Apple, Nvidia, Samsung, Amazon, Qualcomm, Intel, .. have so called Architectural license with heavily crafted clauses in them that make them free from Arm control except for some minor details. They use just the instruction set and make their own microarchitecture.

(3) Arm China was robbed from Arm. The CEO stopped taking orders and just kept IP and is running company like their own. Chinese courts did nothing. China does what it wants inside China.

(5) No difference. There are too many cross-atlantic IP and design tool connections. Arm must comply completely to US government sanctions.

(6) Just like Nvidia. Both fabless hw IP companies. Difference is that Nvidia sells chips, Arm sells IP. Nvidia wanted Arm because they want to sell Nvidia IP to others. Nvidia has Arm architecture license, they don't need Arm IP to use Arm.
If launch costs are 1% or less per mass of the Ariane 5, mass budgets could be greatly increased, and engineering could become easier. I see no reason ultimately why space telescopes should be much different in cost than terrestrial telescopes. Ultimately I see telescopes being maintained and upgraded in space much as terrestrial telescopes are.
>I don't know if it's the case in the US, but here in the UK if you bring a frivolous law suit it's very likely that you will not only lose but the cost of losing is that you have to pay all of the court costs, which includes paying the bills of the legal team of the person or company you sued.

It is most assuredly NOT the way of things normally in the US. It's possible to sue for legal costs in some circumstances, but it's absolutely not a built-in feature of the legal system.
Hi Teekert! Thank you for your feedback; I will 'unexpose' the mariadb port in this example. That is one less service open for exploiting! :)

I now about Traefik, but I use the Synology reverse proxy at the moment. I felt that it is not fair to include it in this blogpost, since it is not an open source solution and not truely in the spirit of selfhosting. I plan to make the switch in the future to another reverse proxy like Traefik, Caddy or maybe just Nginx, not sure yet.

Could you give me the link to the blogpost? I might link to it :) Quality conten t must be shared and I think we as selfhosters should make it as approachable as possible for newcomers.
RISC-V has a tagging option.
Rust here says OK, we'll define Mul (the * operator) for the same type (and for references to that type) so

let a: u16 = 0xFFFF;

let b: u16 = a;

let c: u16 = a * b;

... is going to overflow, Rust would actually detect that because 0xFFFF is a constant, so, this says "Silently do overflowing arithmetic" and er, no, it doesn't compile. However if you achieved the same thing via a blackbox or I/O Rust doesn't know at compile time this will overflow, in a Debug build it'll panic, in a Release build it does the same thing as:

let c: u16 = a.wrapping_mul(b);

Because the latter is not an overflow (it's defined to do this), you can write that even in the constant case, it's just 1, the multiplication evaporates and c = 1.

In C++ if you can insist on the evaluation at compile time there is no UB, so you get an compiler error like Rust.
The second I read the details in my head I heard the eeeeeee!
We're almost in agreement -- FreeBSD does handle pidfiles better and more uniformly than Linux does. It doesn't help you if you want to run two instances of the same service.

I looked at one of my FreeBSD servers to see how it was handled in the case of ZNC, an IRC bouncer that I use. ZNC doesn't produce a pid file on startup, so the FreeBSD RC framework tries to find a matching process in the output of 'ps'. [1] As soon as you attempt to run multiple instances of a given service, this falls over completely. [1]

daemon(8) helps -- it handles restarting of processes if they crash, and it can manage pid files and prevent them from getting stale. Nothing on my FreeBSD system uses it. The unbound (dns cache) port uses the pidfile option for rc.subr(8). Looking at how check_pidfile is implemented, it attempts to verify that the process represented by the pidfile matches the process name. Pids also wrap on FreeBSD, so you have a chance of a false positive match if you run multiple instances of a given daemon. I could, of course, change unbound's rc scripts to use daemon, but that feels like a lot of thinking about pidfiles for something that was taken care of a decade ago.

I do like FreeBSD, don't get me wrong, and I use it in my every day life. systemd solves problems for me, and I really like the way it manages process groups by utilizing kernel features.

1. https://docs.freebsd.org/en/articles/rc-scripting/#rcng-daemon
2. https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/503150/rc-scripts-for-multiple-zope-instances-in-freebsd
Not that it entirely matters but the most likely scenario for a nuclear exchange would probably have most nukes used on hardened military targets. This is the main reason why MIRV weapons were invented.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiple_independently_targeta...

Civilian infrastructure (like your house) is readily flattened by nuclear explosions but if you want to destroy nuclear launch silos, hardened command centers, tanks, etc you need to hit them pretty much head on. It's then a lot more productive to have many independently targetable warheads to hit enemy silos in a first strike or enemy conventional forces in a tactical exchange.

In practice, you'd still get massive civilian casualties given how many bases are built right next to cities. Also, submarines are second-strike weapons so they might go for "countervalue" (your house).

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Countervalue
Nothing. NVidia still has it's ARM license and as long as they are kept out of the x86 chip business (thanks to Intel and AMD) they are happy to renew the license with ARM.
https://archive.is/DIrdx
They chose that template from other options.
In the NLP community, an example of cutting edge research currently happening is token-free transfer Transformers.
Or, and hear me out, people outside of cocaine's traditional region are using it wrong.

The past being a different country, I was fortunate in the early Noughts to be able to purchase Bolivian coca tea bags from an early online drug dealer called Amazon dot com.

They were a fantastic addition to the tea shelf. I would favor a cup of the coca tea when energy was low going into an evening with social plans. Even, bright energy, short acting (duration is two hours roughly) barely feel it fading.

How does that compare to refined cocaine taken intranasally? Remarkably, I can't tell you, I don't touch the stuff. Sure wish I could still buy mate de coca though.
> irreversibly poisoned

Is this the case? While nuclear weapons are, obviously, beyond horrific… I’m not sure that the radioactive fallout is a permanent problem. As a rule of thumb, the more intense the radiation, the shorter the half-life.

In the cases of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, only a small portion of the deaths were due to radiation poisoning, and the cities were thriving on their former sites within decades.

(I don’t mean to minimize the magnitude of the death and destruction; I’m just focusing on the “irreversible poisoning” aspect)

Of course, there are a myriad of other potentially civilization-destroying outcomes of any nuclear exchange.
Essentially, it allows calling eval[1] and executing "privileged loads"[0] in some elevated contexts (the System Principal, which is responsible for the browser UI[2]).

Those are useful mitigations, but disabling them for some custom user-chrome is unlikely to have a meaningful impact on your browser's security.

[0] https://searchfox.org/mozilla-central/source/dom/security/ns...

[1] https://searchfox.org/mozilla-central/source/dom/security/ns...

[2]: https://blog.mozilla.org/attack-and-defense/2020/06/10/under...
Giant chessboard: Istanbul ship-spotters monitor moves for war
The plain meaning of the term "sued successfully" means you won the lawsuit. That didn't happen.

They got a (dubious!) injunction that did not last a single business day. That the judge granted said injunctions is INSANE on the face of it, but to say they "sued successfully" is incorrect.
What are you on about?

CERN is an instrument to help us learn more about physics. Bringing it down would not help us make any change, and it would only hinder us from learning more about the truth of nature. You need a better example than that.
It’s a bigger story for SoftBank than it is for NVIDIA. NVIDIA can do OK without ARM, but for SoftBank it was a way to be able to pay redemptions for the failing Vision Fund.

Back in the day a Japanese businessman who screwed up the way Son did would find a knife in their room and know what they were supposed to do with it. The ARM deal took the pressure off but it is back on again.
> Nix certainly has a steep curve, but simple things are not that hard. I got committed to migrate to Nix one Monday. I spent the whole morning reading about it. In the afternoon, my workstation was already up and running. On the same evening, I packaged two exotic things I need which weren't on NixPkgs. Next day, I fixed my favorite window manager, which was broken on NixPkgs. I maintain all these on NixPkgs now.

I mean... it's great that you did all that, but you do realize that going that far makes you a power user, right?

Most users are going to give up if they can't figure out how to install their window manager or other essential software (eg installing Docker or Steam is ridiculously hard if you don't know that they have special hard-coded config values; it's almost like a game you can only beat if you find the cheat codes).

> With that said, declarative stuff is poised to be harder for non-trivial stuff. Just like Haskell is harder than C, NixOS is harder than ArchLinux or Alpine. I still very much find it worth the effort for simple workflows. I can now update remote machines without fearing breakdowns and state is very explicit.

Hard disagree. I could totally see a world where NixOS is as easy to install as any other distribution. But the developers are going to have to put a lot of work into smoothing out wrinkles before it gets there.
> I realize that the wine is literally the least important factor in the movie

Agreed!

> It’s implied Paul Giamatti’s character kills himself at the end

Uh, the film ends in a hopeful note. Virigina Madsen's character states she enjoyed the book, and he goes to seek her out and is about to knock on her door when the screen fades to black. To me, it is implied she opens the door and at least they become friends again, if not a couple.
How does it handle subqueries? Especially correlated ones, where the subquery depends on the value provided by the outer query?
Sure, and Sancerre Rouge likewise has varietal requirements.
Still the most important lesson for the average person to bake into their thinking.

Maybe not so much the HN crowd...but then again maybe especially them
> [...] an English person says "can I burn a fag" and an American person believes they are casually thinking about hurting a gay man.

FYI, it's combination of difficult-to-discern keming with the default font on HN, and your unfamiliarity with the phrase, but it's actually "BUM A FAG" and not "BURN A FAG".
Interesting; I am quite hesitant to move from Protonmail to a selfhosted mail. How long have you been selfhosting your mail? How do you deal with spam? Are your mails always received at the other end?

Love to hear about this!