skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Not a stupid question at all!

Any communication protocol has functional layers to them, and at the very bottom is what's called the Phy layer (or physical layer.) While pretty much every layer can be implemented in digital logic, the physical layer has a lot of analog circuitry. (It's programmable analog circuitry, so it's technically mixed signal.) Most wired communication protocols that you are familiar with (including SAS/SATA, USB, HDMI/DP, PCIe/NVMe, and Ethernet) all use what's known as a "SerDes Phy" which is short for Serializer Deserializer. It takes parallel data in, and serializes it to transmit data, and does the reverse when receiving data. In the example of PCIe Gen 4, it takes 32 bits of data in at 500 Mb/s (per bit) and serializes it to 16 Gb/s.

Because the SerDes Phy is such a common part of all communication protocols, it's often reused in other designs. For example - a GPU may use the same SerDes Phy design for its PCIe lanes as it does for its HDMI ports (at least on the transmit side.) They are however programmed differently.

Because these designs see so much reuse in so many different chips, there are companies that specialize in designing SerDes Phys, and their development is usually ahead of protocol development. Though in today's day and age, it's super complicated, and consists of way more than shift registers and a PLL. But there are SerDes designs that exist in products that are capable of 112Gb/s (not sure if 224Gb/s exists outside of test chips yet.)

You can buy modern FPGAs that have PCIe Gen 5, but with a SerDes Phy capable of going way faster. And if you want, you could bypass that hard block and talk straight to the SerDes, and program your own PCIe 6.0 controller.

But to answer your question on how they prototype it and test it, they run computer simulations that are exceedingly complicated and slow, and once a test chip comes back from the fab, eye diagrams are usually collected using what's known as a repeating signal scope. Since it's insanely difficult to sample a 112Gb/s signal at any reasonable resolution, it's sampled statistically (in time) over billions of samples, and plotted by knowing the frequency of the target signal. An eye diagram is what comes out of a traditional NRZ (non return to zero) where each cycle represents either a 1 or a 0. In an eye diagram, you see all permutations of bit transitions overlayed on each other, since you're sampling billions of cycles statistically. This is important because you can see other anomalies of your signal like jitter and rise/fall times.

There's a lot more to it, and this comment is already getting to be a wall of text but definitely feel free to ask more questions!
Are there some sources from the era that the movie was released that make that connection? Or is this just people trying to take back the meaning of the red pill from those scary republicans?
4GB ram is not enough for a good 1080p gaming card. You'd most likely only be able to play esport titles on the 6500 XT. I went from a 3GB 1060 to a 6GB 5600 XT and it makes the extra frame buffer makes a massive difference as new games are getting very demanding to run, even on 1080p.
Any automatic removal of common words when slugifying the article title was quite unfortunate here: “We Fight for the Users” vs “we-fight-users”.
It seems that it's mostly the people building those browsers and their personal preferences.

With google building a track record of shady tactics, I would agree. firefox seems the better choice. It seems no more difficult to fork than chromium (though I've never tried).

My 2 cents, there's nothing to stop anyone from refusing to support updates on old frameworks and I'd suspect google to pull the rug out from beneath everyone before firefox anyday.
> The whole point of free and open society is to avoid over reliance on a central authority and allow for emergent authority.

To me, "free and open society" suggests that the people of the society intentionally put limits on any authorities that can influence their society, whether centralized or emergent. Currently we've got two major emergent authorities: Alphabet and Meta. Neither of them has significant accountability to the people who use their services to obtain news and learn and communicate, and both of them have strong incentives to get people to spend more time using their services so that they can sell more ads.

> One little talked about counter strategy is just giving those same people targeted ads with better information.

Who gives the "better information", and who decides what information is "better" in the first place?

As a potential alternative (... very much spitballing here), what if there was a government-provided website where citizens could vote on potential regulations to be applied to companies that, say, provide media services and get over a billion hits per month? It could also be set up to let people provide supporting and opposing arguments and vote them up and down, and proposed regulations would have a limited period of time for voting on the regulation overall.

Something like that. And of course, companies would be able to say, "No, we really cannot change our software in [x] way because we would go out of business," but there could be room for discussion there, too. And I don't think these would be too unreasonable, because these companies generally succeed because tons of people use them and appreciate many of their services. The overwhelming majority of people are unlikely to vote for things to try to destroy these companies.

I think something like that coupled with an enforcement mechanism would provide a way to steer away from the underlying issues that have been polarizing our society and guiding people down rabbit holes to steal their attention, which prevents our society from being free and open. Things like the youtube autoplay button, targeted advertising, and the damnable youtube autoplay button.

And it would actually be able to keep up with rapid changes by tech companies, unlike legislation.
> Apple originally planned to open source iMessage, and Steve Jobs has said as much onstage before he passed.

Are you sure you're not thinking of FaceTime? Apple was planning on opening it, but was forced to change plans due to patents.
Aren't you the same Dunglas that is head of this project?

Great idea by the way! had to the pleasure of working with api platform in some Symfony applications in a past gig. I can vouch its easy enough to use, but the GraphQL integration (at least at that time) was really slow. I have not found PHP to be the ideal runtime for GraphQL
Rendering the different symbols in different colors might be enough, as long as those colors are used in the text defining the symbols. Used sparingly (i.e. only for the symbols that are relevant to the argument), it can greatly enhance readability.

I feel like these annotations go slightly overboard; the entire equation/annotation construct is visually pleasing, but hard to parse.
What?

They are literally the 3 client “languages” of the web.

Everything your abstractions/frameworks do is produce html, css, and js.
Our big problem is client confidentiality, so we couldn't put PDFs over the internet. An in-house standalone version (maybe you could charge for support and updates?) might be just the thing.
> And unless you were writing drivers, that major OS version wasn't going to break anything.

Just a minor nitpick, but the NT device driver API has in fact stayed largely the same since Windows 2000 and in comparison to the various technologies that came and went in userland.
Where I'm based (in Asia) on-prem is definitely a need for some sectors. Banks and financial institutions, healthcare, government etc. They may not need it for all solutions, but they sure want to know they can have it if needed. Its the very reason we (SaaS company) make sure we don't rely on any cloud PaaS services for our product.
They don't either, it's just that PMG turbines are somewhat more preferred if you can build them. If you can't, nothing prevents you from building turbines with induction generators.
Thoughts? https://airtable.com/shrbaT4x8LG8EbvVG/tbl7xKsSUIOPAa7Mx
Despite what HN seems to think, XMPP is still alive and evolving.

https://snikket.org/ is worth checking out as a (self-)hosted personal chat system.
This is a bad article, but it's a great example of why tech like Electron have succeeded.

This article is a long boring rant with zero insights, in which the author never thinks to ask why...

> Why in the world has this idiotic trend of abstracting everything away by layers upon layers of complexity gained such a strong foothold in the industry? Has everyone except the "unix greybeards" gone mad!?

... ok he does use the word "why" once but only in a rhetorical question. It's never asked honestly.

Electron solves problems that "unix greybeards" have been loudly and wilfully sticking their heads in the sand about for decades. Yes, it solves them badly, but that's a lot better than not solving them at all.

... he also complains briefly about PHP templating libraries which tells me he's never had to mitigate XSS vulnerabilities in large PHP applications.
https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=3fcaXmpZydI
Do you find that your behavior in Mount and Blade is close to real life?
Again. You are simply wrong on the facts and your interpretation. I suggest you read any commentary from an arms control expert.

Nothing you’ve been asserting makes any sense at all.
Dude, other companies also host shit on the web. Look it up, there are a dozen cheaper alternatives, you just never took the time to find one.
While I can get behind the idea that lowering barriers to entry is a good idea, I don't think that's the same thing as tolerating ludicrously slow garbage tools just because everyone insist on either developing like a baby or only hiring babies. As an industry, we should be deeply ashamed at how much of the world's time and resources are wasted running poor software so a company can save a few bucks.
I must have experienced this article completely differently from you a couple of hours ago when reading it - I thought that it claims that the origin of the blue links was user experience research from the 1980s?
Well, Google has already infringed on the devices sold. So, yes they are liable for that.

For new devices, Google wouldn’t need to include the same functionality — new customers won’t be expecting the functionality.

What I’m curious about is why they removed the functionality from existing devices. That just opens them up to another lawsuit, this time from customers (for bait and switch). I’m sympathetic… they are in a damned if you do/damned if you don’t situation. And this is probably the cheapest way out.
I think PCIe bandwidth has suddenly become super relevant. It used to be that videogames were not bottlenecked by PCIe bandwidth, and GPUs were the most data intensive thing on the bus.

Nowadays there's all sorts of business cases that require high bandwidth, and the devices to fill them also exist. From NVMe arrays to crazy interconnects to hyper connected machine learning accelerators, PCIe is enabling it all.
I wouldn't know, I don't actually play that game.
The company I work for hired several incompetent devs who wrote an abortion of an Electron client. It very nearly killed the company. I finally convinced the boss to let me rewrite it in Qt, and now our feedback is far, far more positive on the UX. Qt and GTK+ are one of those things that work "well enough" on the big three, especially Qt (GTK+ has serious theming issues on macOS), and it's hard to justify Electron as long as Qt or at least GTK+ exist.

Fuck Electron. I've seen what it can do to a product firsthand. If you get a competent web dev, it might work, but it will be slower than snail shit.
Just write it in Qt. You don't need to use C++, Qt has bindings for many languages, including Python, Rust, JS with Qt Quick, and even Lua.
Myself, I don't mind modern C++, though in many cases I prefer Rust.
Yeah, but a good browser strongly aligns with obtaining money for Google. Google has strong performance quality driven incentives.

Mozilla doesn't seem to have performance driven incentives. The remaining supporters of Firefox at this point are people who are mad at tech companies/care a great deal about privacy.
> We have about a few thousand pressing issues that spur us on to push for renewables as it is, we don't need to waste energy on purpose.

Crypto mining is one of those issues, we don't have a choice. Your argument reduces to "if we had no issues pushing us, we would have enough issues pushing us" which is a contradiction.
Wyze is not quite that bad for me, but it could use some work. It's very twitchy about motion (so lots of notifications on a windy day for waving branches and leaves), and lackluster on person/package detection. In both cases fine-tuning by setting only a portion of the field of view for monitoring did improve the hit/miss ratio quite a bit.
If you interpolate over H, you will always introduce other colors into your gradient.
Thank you for going into this.

Based upon your this, do you think there could be a universal app for you to replace them all (perhaps new functionality inside of one of the existing), or do the different use cases merit the separation?

What do none of them do that you wish they did? Does this scratch any of those itches?
I just looked up how much energy my last dryer load used. It came in just shy of 6kWh. The unit is a standard electric dryer, around 10yr old. Just wanted to provide some additional data.

We do about 4 loads per week here. I hope that the newer heat pump based dryers are reliable!
The problems being:

* External libraries don't do this. See: All those "header-only" libraries you see, starting back with boost

* It's a total PITA once the types get complicated

Source: Have worked for 10 years on a large codebase with "template auto instantiation" off.
There were two kinds of people at the Jan 6 insurrection, and yes it was an insurrection.

The first kind of people were the ones with big smiling faces, posing for pictures, taking selfies, etc. They are the ones crying in open court, claiming they thought they were there protecting democracy at the president's behest. They are not terrorists, but idiots radicalized by a lie.

The other group were organized militias Proud Boys, 1st Amendment Praetorians, 3%ers, Boogaloos, etc. They came prepared in tactical gear, communication gear, they moved in formation, and they even stashed caches of guns and ammunition in nearby hotels in case things got really bad. These people are the actual terrorists, the former group are useful idiots. They were necessary to complete the objective: to occupy the capitol and delay the certification of the vote. These people were embedded in the protest at the capitol and were instrumental in egging on the crowd more. For example, they are recorded on bullhorns, shouting out tweets from the President as they occurred. Notably, this one:

Mike Pence didn't have the courage to do what should have been done to protect our Country and our Constitution, giving States a chance to certify a corrected set of facts, not the fraudulent or inaccurate ones which they were asked to previously certify. USA demands the truth!

There are recordings of militia members reading these tweets over bullhorns at the Capitol, inciting the mob even further and giving rise to chants of "Hang Mike Pence".

So let me say it one more time: The plan was to delay certification in order to cause a contested election. The delay had to come by occupying the capitol because Pence refused to decertify the election. Militia members could not breach the capitol on their own, hence why they needed the help of rubes who are now flowing into jail cells across the country due to their actions that day.

Obviously there's a lot more that needs to come out to put all of the pieces together, but the picture is getting clearer and clearer. If you stopped paying attention on Jan 7 2021, there's a lot of info that's come to light that shows Jan 6 insurrection was the pointy tip of a month's long premeditated effort to overthrow the US government.

Anyway, to your point, I don't think it's appropriate to discern a terrorist based on their personal state of mind regarding their acts of terrorism. To flip your point on its head, if McVeigh had done exactly what he did but took a selfie and smiled while he did it, wouldn't he still be a terrorist?
Scientific vs engineering needs is a false dichotomy. Explanation of model behavior matters a lot in many, many matters of engineering, but my point is trying to go further.

You may be thinking narrow-mindedly about what is meant by "interpretation". Or rather, conflating "interpretation of predictions of ML system", which is the common understanding in professional circles, with "interpretation of the real system whose aspects we are predicting with ML", which is a more colloquial frame. I hold you to no fault as I have been ambiguous in my usage and the two overlap quite substantially, particularly at the outputs of the ML system.

An alleged association between homosexuality and passport photos, for instance, is an interpretation of the ways humans exist and what they are fundamentally (read: physiognomy). Automating this association encodes a specific human-level interpretation about what is true about people into the ML system. But this joint distribution between homosexuality and the way a face looks when you record a picture of it is bogus in ways that are hard to put into words. The principle is lacking completely. And this kind of system can very easily be used for extreme harm in the wrong hands.

Nevertheless, surely someone motivated would (1) consider this approach convenient, (2) would have an accurate (vs data) model after the training completes, and (3) would use the raw predictions as they think those "are what matters".

I find, not only for myself but others as well, that being aware of the technical foundations opens the space of cognition to other perspectives of thinking about these issues which find synthesis between the technical and the social impacts of design decisions.
I don't understand how can you diss Electron when you see something like VS Code or Atom.

The benefits are clear. This software could grow plugin ecosystem vastly exceeding anything that was previously possible even after pouring millions of dollars into it.

Electron is better than everything else by various engineering metrics. Just not RAM or CPU usage. And despite large RAM and CPU usage it manages to be way faster than many native IDEs that came before.
I've been playing Blade and Sorcery in VR for a week or so. It's scary at first, but after a while I don't mind getting hit and play in a way that I would never do with my own body at risk. In the real world I'd get somewhere up high with a bow, but I run around like Conan the Barbarian in the game.
So your complaint is that iOS only lets Signal handle its own messages, not SMS messages? I can see that being useful but “far better” seems like a stretch these days where the biggest gaps are Facebook/WhatsApp.
That's what I'm saying--put a higher cost on running empty planes. If they have to give away 100 tickets (or pay passengers to fly!) and staff the plane, they might start wondering whether it's worth it. Also that kind of giveaway would deflate prices across the market, making this empty planing a ruinous exercise for everyone.
Its a number station of sorts, more can be found explaining them on wiki (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numbers_station) and youtube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SQbQTv3aMkU) (loads on youtube)

I think the reason they have disappeared is because of the satellite coverage seen today, so people need to look in new places to find them.
Encrypted group chats are apparently coming soon.

https://twitter.com/lockheimer/status/1480663656463437824
I do not understand why when I pick up food it asks for me a 20% tip. Maybe I'm off base but isn't, as a bare minimum, the job of someone making a pizza to make a pizza? As someone who has worked in the restaurant industry for a number of years, and been part of a chain closure because a manager was stealing tips, I do not understand why anyone would tip for pickup. As someone whose prepared the food for pickups, I can say 100% that none of us in the kitchen thought what we were doing deserved more money than the rate we were being paid.
There's a setting on Android which controls that. About half of the people I know have it set.
Managers are generally pretty terrible at doing that without significant input from their reports, though. So you end up with small teams that managers can effectively do that work for... but then you end up with armies of lower-level managers who must then be managed by legions of mid-level managers, and so on. Controlling the flow of work to "producers" has a high organizational cost in bureaucracy.]

IMO the problem isn't "a lot of responsibilities", it's "a lot of things to worry about without the autonomy/authority necessary to resolve those worries". Big orgs tend to have more to worry about while also reducing autonomy and concentrating authority.
Website won’t load for me, and it’s only rank 23.
It was if the BLM riots of the previous summer count as well. There doesn't seem to be a difference when looking at the two of them subjectively.
> As an Android user, all I really want is a secure way to communicate with others by default, without having to figure out which secure messaging app I have in common with each of my peers.

What you want is for everyone to support whatever messaging protocol Google is pushing today. There have been a lot over the years and it seems like RCS won’t be the last (it has its flaws — serious, fatal ones, IMO).
Ok, I can guess your positions on the issues now ;)

It’s not a “snarl” word. It’s an acronym which is used because the whole fully qualified set of words is too long.

All four words are necessary to state what’s being discussed. Anything less is trying to deflect the debate.

Working backwards, Warming: it’s a rare scientist that thinks the world isn’t warming. We are still coming out of the last ice age. Fifteen thousand years ago, there was ice a mile thick where I’m sitting. We are also coming out of the Little Ice Age. A couple of centuries ago, you could walk from Manhattan to Staten Island on the ice in the winter.

Global: local climate change happens all the time. No one disputes that. The discussion is about global climate change.

Anthropogenic: significantly caused by humans, specifically by emitting excessive CO2. This is theoretical, because by itself, CO2 can’t account for the projected warming. There must be a feedback to the real greenhouse gas, water vapor.

Catastrophic: The amount of warming is going to alter the global climate to the point that the Earth’s ecology and human civilization will be seriously affected.

The last two points are in scientific dispute. The computer models, which have many knobs, predict a bad outcome.

Historic satellite measurements of the global tropospheric temperature show that nothing unusual is happening. The increase is 0.14 C per decade.

https://www.drroyspencer.com/2022/01/uah-global-temperature-...

It appears to me that the CAGW hypothesis is disproved.

Global climate change is a topic for some very interesting science. The solar system's position in the galaxy, for example. Or, the effect of the sun on the intensity of galactic cosmic rays.

The climate models can't address even recent pre-industrial global changes.
I had a similar feeling at my last job: I'm building software no one uses :(

I made sure to probe about related details when I was looking for my next (current) job. I found a company with a strong customer relationship, existing production software running, and more in the pipeline. Things worked out well and I got to be happy about seeing my code running in production, helping people do "stuff".

My one piece of advice is to focus on this aspect during interviews whenever you decide it's time to move on. After a certain dollar amount, optimizing things like this that you value will likely lead to a happier result compared with a bigger paycheck.