skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
I'm currently helping set up a wiki for students of a STEM faculty, and we've settled on MoinMoin (v2, that is). We're broadly building on a previous MediaWiki setup, which we've found to be too "Wikipedia-oriented".

I've looked at a few very extensible and featureful wikis (XWiki, Tiki Wiki, TWiki, Foswiki), but for our usecase, they seemed overwhelmingly big (I know, I'm not easy to please). They're all almost application development/scripting platforms, which isn't necessarily a bad thing, but it would mean we'd have to learn a lot more if we wanted to modify parts of them. Of the four mentioned, XWiki looked like the most "polished", its conceptual model and code looked maintainable and it has a great number of actively developed plugins. If I'm not mistaken it even allows writing pages in Markdown, which was one of our criteria.

I also looked into taking a very lightweight wiki (LOC in the high thousands) and adapting it to our needs, but found that most of those didn't have a code model that would lend itself well to doing things like swapping out a custom format for Markdown, we'd basically be rewriting half the wiki at that point. Even DokuWiki, a relatively large project, is too blasé about running regexes on page contents for my taste.

We looked into BookStack, but didn't think its content model would work too well for our idea of a wiki as a "social" site. Maybe it's just the terminology, though.

In the end, we ended up running MoinMoin 2. It's in a perpetual beta state, but it is actively maintained. The main reason was its code quality: It's small enough that understanding how it all fits together is quick, and it's structured so that adding functionality or swapping out one part of it is easy (as much as it could be for software that's over a decade old, anyway). We're programmers anyway, so we decided to go with the ability to change the wiki to our liking over initial polish. So far, I've made a new theme, wrote a script for migrating from MediaWiki, changed out the Markdown parser and added SSO with CAS. The changes aren't public yet, but will be soon.

So far I'm happy with our decision, but note that my search was heavily subjective, you very likely have other requirements and preferences.

EDIT: By the way, the criteria were loosely:

- Modifiability (I wanted a custom theme, needed a non-traditional SSO option and could see us
getting ambitious about custom functionality)

- Hierarchy + ideally tags for organising

- Ability to export some pages into a print version (annually published leaflet/book for new students)

- Permission system (which we hopefully won't need to use)

- Storing pages in Markdown (helps with converting for print too)

- Macros (I'm a fan, easy-to-write extensions would be just fine)
By good rate like $60/mo? Canada is also bad. Data rates are 6x more expensive in US/Canada than Italy. 2x that if the UK or Germany.
But L2 is just one point
They should have made a port for refueling it.

An internal fuel tank and a high-capacity tank externally

Once the fuel is getting low, launch a refuel.
when the new supply gets closed, eject the previous tank,
dock the new one.

Easy.

When they managed to du an in air refuel of a SR71
in 1970s . Surely we can dock a fuel tank in 2022?
I thought in the past was at issue. Anyway if you mean "bang for money", GCC is usually zero money, and is more reliable in my experience of research computing support. I've had long experience measuring its output. Fairly recently I ran the Polyhedron Fortran benchmarks, which seemed to be used to market proprietary compilers. In the bottom line, gfortran was essentially equal to ifort (then-current releases and roughly equivalent options on SKX). It's infinitely faster than ifort on ARM and POWER, of course. I could have improved the results for gfortran by individual attention to the codes (some of which were somewhat broken anyway). In HPC the quality of compiled code, within reason, often isn't actually the bottleneck anyway.
> So which one is it? Is “something that works” by definition also a force for censorship? Or is there actually a problem and a deep discomfort when your content is unilaterally taken down by the platform gods, no reason given and no right to dispute it?

I think this misrepresents Moxies point a bit. You can have quick iterations or a decentralized network with many heterogeneous clients, but the reality showed that both is nearly impossible. You can argue that the centralization at OpenSea is bad, but that's not the same as arguing that what OpenSea provides is bad. It's not a paradox.

It's the same as hating Google for slurping all our data and flooding the net with ads, while still appreciating it's great search functionality, fast free video hosting and best-in-class navigation offering.
It's a good point. I can I imagine a family having the local purchasing power (homes, a night on the town, etc) of a hundred millionaire family but that wealth diminishing quite quickly when used to consume luxury goods marketed to very expensive countries.
I wonder when MS is going to join in, given all the other user-hostile stuff they've been doing.
Ames Window
This is more like solving programming than doing math, it either outsources by writing a sympy program or generates a brute-force or monte carlo simulation based answer.

My biggest gripe with this paper is how unclear it is on its methods. How many rewrites per question? How did they select the solved questions? They state they used a model trained on language and fine-tuned on code, but fine-tuning could describe either their or codex's process.

The biggest hint in favor of fine-tuning is that AFAICT, their dataset adds up to 205 questions but they've solved 235 questions. In which case I'd suspect overfitting on question form. In intro level math, problems are usually in template form and solving them boils down to matching on the correct template and slot filling the answer.

To prove whether it's been fine-tuned, people with davinci codex access should try to see if the can replicate this.

To prove it's not overfit, authors should release their training dataset if there is one and allow people to test with it.

How many parameters does davinci codex have? The original codex was 12 biliion IIRC and certainly wasn't this capable.

---

Some of the answers look wrong or incomplete.

Table 221 seems to be missing a factorial, such leniency suggests they must not be automatically scoring this.

Not sure what's going on in Table 144. Table 44 too.

In 42 and 47, particularly 42, the solution program seems incomplete.

211 is impressive, it also writes code for LU decomposition, permutations, runge kutta, card combinatorics and other clever stuff.

Even though for most of the more challenging problems, hard part was pre-digested or worse, it was hand fed the answer's algorithm, there were a few where the network had to have had a solid understanding of the math and code requirements. A program like they claim would revolutionize and hugely simplify mathematically and algorithmically involved programming.

The biggest cause for worry that it might have overfit is that it works with no sampling at all and gets a perfect score (they claim).
Yes, I believe the computer jargon term for an occurrence such as this is a 'typo.' :D
> But it is backed by reputation, threat of litigation and physical violence (police/military) if you try to interfere with it, where as crypto doesn't yet have this.

Also by the fact that the companies of the S&P 500, who are generally based in the US, account for a large portion of global transactions, which they tend to do with USD. If anyone wants to participate in the global economy, the USD often provides the least amount of friction in transactions.

The other most popular/useful/"valuable" currencies, per forex trading volume, are: EUR, JPY, GBP, AUD, CHF, CAD.

* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_exchange_market#Tradin...

* https://fxssi.com/the-most-traded-currency-pairs
There are several orders of magnitude more people using Python 2 than Python 1.3.
My "graceful" fallback is similar to yours but Telegram --> Delta Chat (it's just email to them) --> Element (Matrix) --> Snikket (XMPP). Basically by the time they've gotten to the second step I already have a way of talking to them. I have maybe 1 or 2 people on Element and Snikket 0.
Many Americans with international contacts do use WhatsApp, or even Americans who travel internationally.

However, because many Americans never leave the US, and neither does anyone in their social circles, many Americans never had to deal with international messaging and call costs. Hence they went from unlimited SMS to unlimited iMessage, once Apple rolled it out.

However, if you traveled internationally during 2008 to 2012 or so period, then WhatsApp was a godsend, and almost everyone I knew (since pretty much everyone in my social circles vacations or travels for business internationally) has WhatsApp.

But everyone pretty much has iPhones, so the preferred chat is iMessage due to the high image quality, but if someone does not have iMessage then we switch to WhatsApp.
“Protocol changes more slowly than a platform” is really the crux of the entire issue here but not stated as such. The key advantage of centralized services is that they are fast, coordinated, more intelligent and also easier to love than a mob. The only things that a mob will ever do are things that don’t require you to be smart, coordinated or fast. It’s great for some things but here’s the catch: nobody is going to invest money into a mob because there’s no leader and no way to be confident about your investment. People are going to gush to their friends about “that mob” the same way they might have with Instagram.

we’ve just spent an enormous amount of time and money learning the very simple and obvious fact that in order to have nice things we must have smart, honorable men around who can lead our society to victory at the helm of these centralized businesses. They think if they fiddle around with decentralized stuff enough they can eliminate the need for exceptional business leaders.
They'd be providing a higher-quality and more reliable messaging conduit to non-iPhone users.

They might not want to solve it, but I don't think we should accept unethical business rationales.

I am somewhat resentful of Apple because as a currently-Android but formerly-iPhone user I am now unable to text some iPhone users in some situations because of iMessage. I guess fucking me with their bugs is a positive business outcome for Apple, especially because they create a environment where their bugs appear to be Android bugs. But that's an unethical stance on the part of Apple.
Got it, so you want to get people submitted into a procedure they don't want, while at the same time claiming you are "triple-vaxxed not for myself but out of solidarity for those around me". Why pretend you care about anyone? just say, hey I want everyone to do this so I feel safer.
While your qualitative descriptions of utility and assessments I mostly find roughly accurate (pure opinion on both our part, and I will nitpick and say it's great when benefit-to-labor ratio is high), the quantitative balance is subjecive opinion. You've simply analyzed and decided the ratio is poor. I've looked at it and find the opinion the ratio is excellent. But it's true crypto doesn't care either way and is exceedingly difficult to squash. Ultimately I think it is on the power producers and consumers to achieve how to eliminate externality associated with electricity use; playing whack-a-mole with whatever people use their electricity on (AI, crypto, video games, whatever) is just patching the issue.

And thus brings us to the reason why crypto is an ever popular debate on HN. At the end of the day even if you find crypto morally bad, there's no universal shock to the conscious for using crypto like there would be for murder/rape/theft. Some see crypto as sinner and other see it as saint. You seem to acknowledge a little of everything but weigh different factors differently than others. At the end of the day given the impossibility of banning crypto and the number of people on both sides, I just don't see it going away without a superior replacement filling the spot. For me this is a great thing, but for many it's going to be a point of contention and outrage for a long time. I will go one respecting the choice for some not to use it and hopefully others will peacefully implore us to stop if they find it wrong, but I think it's going to take violence and an oppressive enforcement mechanism to force me and many others to stop. Good luck.
Lots of people work on Sundays in France. Lots of places are closed on Monday as well. Also, there is no law telling you when to take your days off.

Besides, it’s not like the country has a way of changing its laws anyway.
As bad as that sounds, I think it's backed by economics. With so many companies competing in the space, each one has to move faster and get noticed or else disappear in obscurity. Only the ones that get some attention have to actually work well. Now that's something I've understood with regular startups trying to get MVP to product-market-fit, something else to hear it about fintech. Fortunately that's an area I avoid as it's too close to misaligned incentives.
> New cryptocurrencies appear all the time. This dillutes the cryptocurrency space. There's only so much capital to invest in any of them.

And that's exactly why a lot of these new cryptocurrencies are worthless.
The space is saturated and a lot of these new coins don't offer anything new. People don't agree on its value. I mentioned this.

> And the dollar has value, because they're backed up by a government. Not because the bills themselves have an intrinsic value.

Well crypto is backed by a huge network of miners, hence I mentioned proof of work.
> Honestly that doesn't sound like much money

Well by comparison, here is the cost of two of the most impactful recent-ish (post 2000) space telescopes the US has launched:

- Spitzer: 700M$, JWST being it's successor. This telescope allowed us to detect an exoplanet through light for the first time, refine our understanding of the shape of the milky way, find candidate objects to be further observed by JWST and many more contributions.

- Kepler: 600M$, this is the telescope that allowed us to understand that planets were not rare at all, detecting more than 2500.

So imagine what you can do with 3 to 5B$. Certainly more interesting things than just doubling your data gathering rate of a single telescope.
> The crypto community has to ask themselves whether they want decentralization or money. Sometimes they can have both, but at some point, they’ll be forced to make a critical choice between one or the other, and that’s how we can know what is the primary value upheld by the community.

I've seen this sentiment quite a bit and it bugs me because you cannot easily separate money from the system.

When choosing between centralized, federated, and decentralized services you have the same fundamental problem.

Do you:

A) Host it yourself or

B) Have someone else host it for you.

A is a non-starter for most people. However, B introduces a new problem, the resource allocation problem. We live in a world with finite resources and we need to figure out how to allocate them. Money is a solution to the resource allocation problem.

Decentralized and federated software is great but it doesn't solve the whole problem. This is one of the reasons federated services haven't taken off yet and why crypto seems to have some traction.

A great example is IPFS. It's an interesting piece of software, however, you still need people to host files on IPFS. This takes resources and without money you rely on people hosting files out of the goodness of their hearts. Unfortunately this isn't a reliable motivator which is why Filecoin exists.
> The fast-headers tree consists of over 25 sub-trees internally, spanning
over 2,300 commits, which can be found at:

I'm curious how they get something like this safely merged. Reviewing that many commits is a huge effort. And obviously the main branch might move away, and merge conflicts can arise.
Has technology for teaching remotely improved this pandemic? Anyone heard of anything?

It has been two years and the high school teachers I talk to say it has not at all.
The flu is understood to be different, seasonal, yearly variants. It’s also why at least in the US it’s characterized as the “flu shot” as opposed to the flu “vaccine”.

Vaccines like MMR and others are understood to be generally preventative and rarely need booster if after initial doses.

Think about things that generally require boosters…they are almost always referred to by the laymen as “shots”. Nobody calls the tetnus shot a tetnus “vaccine”.
I would add a 3rd flawed notion: that COVID is COVID, all variants are to be avoided at all costs.

At this point we've got well established indications of omicron being an unserious infection (sparing the lungs entirely, being no more than a bad cold for the vast majority of those who contract it). Not 1000% confirmed, of course ongoing study is warranted, but it would be shocking if omicron turns out to be a serious driver of illness and death.

But policy makers and media commentators are allergic to optimism on what this implies long term, so we are stuck in a state of alarm.
Erika Fatland's Sovietistan: Travels in Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan (originally published in 2014, so pretty recent) is a fascinating view into those countries from a lone traveller.
Editing the HOSTS file has nothing to do with where the resource is hosted. It just allows you to control name resolution without doing it in DNS. Internet Explorer security zones work the same way irrespective of whether a local HOSTS file for DNS resolves the name.
I think this is overstating the issue, given how relatively few places in the UK have low emissions zones tied to EU emission standards.

Also, as we are no longer in the EU, I would take a guess that many of those EU emission standards are now UK standards. I'd take another wild guess that they are very similar in a lot of respects, and if so, going forward, you can now blame the UK government entirely, instead of the EU
> i always loved the simplicity of inetd. it was both self describing and inclusive. you could write an internet service without any knowledge at all of sockets and learn about the system by simply looking at it.

You could achieve the same thing with systemd socket activation :)
https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b04sv5nc is a great documentary about this castle from the team which brought you multiple BBC Historic Farm series.
Spanish should eat less meat to limit climate crisis, says minister
Ha - that neat little music video is good marketing. I'm half tempted to try the book based on that. The only thing really stopping me is that I hate dynamically typed languages, but still I wonder if I shouldn't try Lisp just to "complete my education".
This has always been true in a way. A lot of schools have nothing to offer the top 10% of students, so the students/parents of the students who broke away from the pack were finding ways to learn on their own/have their kids learn on their own.
For those interested in learning more about the Portfolio OS (besides looking at the code) check out https://3dodev.com and/or come to the Discord https://discord.gg/kvM9cQG. We have a number of homebrew devs including previous 3DO game developers.
This is about static IP addresses, not "servers". Anyone would be happy to run a server on their cellphone, but there's no good way to publish the address.

It's DNS that makes us think a static IP is needed to have a "server". When there's an alternative, this will change
"Allessi, for example, purchased his car before Jan. 2017, meaning that he was grandfathered into a scheme where he has free and unlimited supercharging for the life of his vehicle."

I guess the only other way is free charging from your employer, or if charger prices are somehow cheaper than your own home (are they?)
It uses many well defined technical terms like:

- event-driven

- object

- side effects

- kernel resources

- userspace

- subsystems

- unit

- scheduled

- state propagation

- dispatched

- singleton

- merging

- cyclic ordering

- consistency checks

- dependencies

- non-idempotent

- weak ordering guarantees

And while this list is good for BS Bingo, as these terms are being used in other contexts too, the overall description of what systemd does is pretty precise for just three sentences.
The people this article is talking about are actually in their mid-to-late twenties.

Which, with tongue like very slightly in cheek, checks out with a Wall Street Journal article about the Youths.
I don’t doubt this is what people think. But it does seem a little odd when older, still supported iPhones can be bought for almost nothing.
I don't think the complaint is about the color itself, but rather, what the color means.
I don't have the source available but was told that the concern was there is some kind of evidence that the vaccine had a low chance of causing long term heart issues in some children, which is why it hasn't been approved for children under 5 yet.
One past thread from long ago:

Proebsting's Law: Compiler Advances Double Computing Power Every 18 Years - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=317213 - Sept 2008 (15 comments)
I've got a kid in grade 1, and I honestly don't know how contact tracing is supposed to work. Ten minutes after talking to grandma, if you ask him who he's spoken to today, he can't remember. If you ask him what he talked to grandma about, it's a mix of truth and fiction. He doesn't know the names of many classmates. Contact tracing depends on reliable narrators -- young children are far from that.

I do wish that we'd have something though. Our local government has just given up altogether.
The state whose official slogan is "Live Free Or Die". I'm not surprised.

Bans state agencies from using proprietary software - maybe this could include schools, in the future!

Bans state agencies from purchasing non-free software if free software exists, for a given task

...that might be going a bit too far, however.
It would be interesting to see Systemd compared to other modern init systems, like runit and the FreeBSD init. Seems like 2021 Systemd is being mostly compared to 2000's Upstart and Sysvinit.
You are missing the point completely. Someone who knows a lot about makeup and spends lots of skill and patience but in a completely different domain. Yea Linus tech tips runs their own server because they happen to be in that domain. But that's not enough people to create a thriving ecosystem.
I’m wondering what has changed in the human nature (if any) that we need day care for ppl older than 18-19 years now. What did such ppl do 100 (or 1000) years ago to overcome all that.
IMO your logic fits with large production runs.

In space applications costs can be exaggerated compared to actual production environments because the risks aren’t mitigated by something like the FAA, meaning they are often mitigated by some downstream process. Besides, a lot of the the designs already include critical spares, so there’s more than a single run, even in a one-off design
I think people use “anticompetitive” as a catch-all for both anticompetitive and competitive practices.

Making your product better than that of the competition, as Apple did with iMessage (moving between-iPhone data traffic out of the, certainly at the time, expensive and limited amount of SMSes included in many phone plans) isn’t anti-competitive. You could even say they built competition for the SMS network, just as WhatsApp did later.

I also don’t see how signaling, in the UI, which messages are subject to different rules would be a anti-competitive.

And yes, that is useful even today. My smartphone subscription has a limit of 200 SMS per month (any following costs about a quarter of a dollar)