skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
You can make methane from carbon capture/sabatier reactors. Although I'm not sure if that's any more efficient than desalination/hydrolysis for an H2 plant with fuel cells. In any case, I'm onboard with replacing coal with gas, if nuclear isn't an option. Gas is cheap and fast to build today, and can be supplanted by nuclear/renewable later on. A pragmatic middle ground to (hopefully temporarily) accommodate the nuclear skeptics.
The discussions around web3 reminds me of the days when people were looking for a "killer app" for Web 2.0. Was there any? I don't remember much, but I don't think there was a single thing that stood out as "the" Web 2.0 app. I expect web3 to be more or less the same. A lot of buzz, not much material.
Out of everything about rust those are weird reasons to nitpick about.
> see that one of the major aileron has fuselage completely missing

Sorry, but that doesn't mean anything.
This is a very bad comparison. Radioactive heating is only significant because the earth is very large. Soil has a very low background activity of a few hundred Bq/kg. High-level nuclear waste has 2 TBq/kg after 100 years.
> Cosmic rays are highly charged particles, not a particular type or class of radiation

Highly charged particles are a type of radiation, at least as that term is used in the context of this discussion. (Yes, in some physics contexts "radiation" only refers to massless particles like photons, but in such a context no "radiation" to speak of comes from nuclear reactors either, since the potentially hazardous radiation from nuclear reactors is neutrons and some alphas and betas.)
In the Java ecosystem, you can do that with TestNG
You can still have the server trigger an authentication confirmation when using basic auth. Web servers not coming with authentication apps is not a flaw, it is a completely separate component and scope.
Yeah bro enough balloons can lift a house.
You don't have to buy anything. First cut out all refined sugar then start fasting (only water, black coffee/tea) regularly once a week (36 hours) and extend it to twice a week when you're comfortable with it.

If you also want to improve your health generally, start walking.

Weigh yourself first thing in the morning and write it down. Don't be concerned about daily fluctuations, but once a week calculate your weekly average. Use that to judge progress.
Here's the earlier system mentioned, MF, shown in an operator training film.[1]
Two vertical rows of five numeric keys, plus the KP and START keys. Those tones were used within the long distance system, not out to customers.

The phone system started out entirely manual and slowly migrated to fully automatic over decades. Switching was automated before billing and routing. What you see in that video is an operator who is placing a long distance call for a customer. When this film was made, around 1949, local calls were mostly automatic dial, but long distance was only semi-automatic. The operator is doing the routing and billing. They have to find an idle outgoing trunk on their board to the next toll office along the route. Then they can use the keyboard to remote control that toll switch to connect them another step forward. When they get to the desired end office, which connects to customer lines, they can punch in the number of the final destination phone and complete the call. Lots of things can go wrong; hence all the different blinking light signals.

All this was gradually automated, before computers, using relays and special purpose hardware.

Some background info:[2]

[1] https://archive.org/details/Operator1949

[2] http://atlantatelephonehistory.org/atlanta:part3
> Web3 has decentralization, freedom of speech, anti-gatekeeping, permissionlessness and inclusiveness, at its core.

We already have all of that in the existing web infrastructure, and have had it since the very beginning.

I can spin up a HTTP server on a raspberry pi running in my basement right now and anyone on the internet can access it for free and without any hinderence.

With web3 there is gatekeeping and centralisation as I cannot spin up my own server any more without buying crypto and then paying someone on a centralised database just so that I can do everything I could do before for free on my own.
A Free Accredited Bachelor's Degree in Computer Science – How Do We Get There?
Accusations should be ignored when asking valid scientific questions.

Imagine a scientist not being curious about HIV in its early days because of homophobia (it was definitely a thing but the right people ignored it). Maybe the analogy isn't perfect ... I didn't want to open a can of worms but hopefully you get my point :)
It's not instant and the fees aren't always low. I was trying to transfer $10 USD in Bitcoin last May, when the BTC market was going insane, and it was impossible.
archive.org link: https://web.archive.org/web/20210305150439/https://www.econo...
Subversion doesn't need a local server, a directory for the repo will do.

In fact, the only reason I use git instead of subversion is that I am required to do so.

Most people use git as subversion anyway, and when they mess the local development, re-create the local development.

No one wants to take a PhD in git command line flags.
I am surprised they started with the t’s. It’s the r’s or lack of the r’s that stand out the most to me in conversations.

Source: English spouse and Australian best friend
Scott Aaronson's review of the same book is discussed here: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=29764537
His whole website looks fake to me, as in it's actually run by a corporation to market their product.
Not unlike those affiliate "blogs" using stock photography and inspirational bs quotes to create the impression of a person running them.
All in all, the term "intellectual" wouldn't have been my first choice in describing the content I see on there.
Blockchain Games
Hopefully, fusion energy will be reality way before we will be close to depleting known uranium resources.
Time Doesn’t Scale
Web3 is a highly ambigious term so there's no point discussing whether it's decentralized - it simply depends on what system you are referring to.

For the sake of simplicity we stick to the authors main claim. That Ethereum is centralized.

> while anyone can join the Ethereum or Bitcoin network, you can only join if you agree to follow the same protocol

In which other protocol is this not the case? Can you communicate with a web page without using the protocol that it required?
Furthermore, as blockchain protocols are all open source, they allow their network rules and data to be easily forked and run. This is not at all dissimilar to an example provided further that explains that anyone can run their own web network.

> Ethereum is only decentralized in the way that doesn't matter — you're free to join the decentralized system, under the condition that you act in the exact same way as every other actor in that system.

The opposite in fact. The author misses that Ethereum allows anyone to encode their own protocol into the network. Blockchain nodes, simply enforce that those rules are being adhered to by the participants. This is perhaps the only way that matters for what etheruem wants to do. Blockchains are not websites, their purpose is not to serve you data. The purpose is, given a pre existing set of rules - which anyone can code permanently into the blockchain, clients understand exactly in what way those states can transition, and are capable of executing the state transaction as equally as all other peers.

Let's take a practical example. Say you want to publish torrent links. I hope I don't need to explain why dencetralisation matters and what propoerties you are looking for. If someone encodes a smart contract on Ethereum that allows anyone to submit a name, along with a torrent link but not able to delete it. In the Ethereum world, this protocol lives forever more. On the traditional web world, you will:

- Have ISP, hosting provider take your website down

- The web owner may decide to arbitrarily take down specific torrents or the application as a whole

This is where decentralisation matters and what it means.
Scientific outpost at first, sure.

But moon poles are eventually very valuable near earth real estate for storing vast amounts of volatiles and manufacturing. Not only craters, it can be extended by building a circumpolar wall that can also support uninterrupted solar energy. The permanent shade inside will provide cryogenic environment for free.
What is so hard about creating a branch in CVS and SVN?

My first SCM was RCS and have used most of them since then.

Even with all this experience I rather just redo my local devenv than take a PhD degree in git implementation to fix repo state.
I was at AWS for 4 years and spent A LOT of time interviewing. We couldn’t find and interview qualified candidates fast enough. Lots of engineers doing the interviewing; few charlatans.

At AWS, however, it’s important to look at the well-roundedness of the candidate. It doesn’t matter how much code you’ve delivered if you’re an asshole in meetings.

Being a self-starter, earning the trust of your peers, and being highly-focused on customer experience are all soft skills, but are critical to ensuring success in the role. Hiring the wrong person is costly, and even then, many people at AWS wash-out in the first 2 years.

Soft skills and collaborative working habits are MORE important than writing code. Code can be taught. Being collaborative and thinking-like-an-owner is much harder to teach.
Happened to me as well just a month or two ago! A total reset was the only fix…
Very insightful. I've found the same about "using DI only to force errors / corrupt data on IO".
This is unfortunately true. It's hard to find the books that will shake your world, apart of the obvious ones like the classic Russian authors.
There are plenty of "if you like book x you'll also like y" recommendation sites out there but so far I have had zero success with their findings.
If you want to optimize for minimal deserialization time, consider using FlatBuffers for serialization: https://google.github.io/flatbuffers/
FPS issues is what eventually killed dwarf fortress for me. If you want to do anything interesting be prepared to watch the game slow to a crawl.

That and construction of anything being a nightmare as your dwarfs will get stuck in every conceivable way trying to build even a simple wall more than a meter high.

That said, I have spent hundreds of hours on the game with some great stories to tell so overall I can't complain too much.
Wikipedia was the example most people pointed to.

What is the web3 version?
What Is Mass Formation?
Unsigned does not mean "not negative", it means "modular arithmetic".

The only few cases you want that are e.g. hash functions, crypto, etc. In all the other cases it's a mistake, and the "patterns" shown in this article to circumvent the issues with unsigned just for the sake of using it are extremely ridiculous I think and much less readable than the normal code using signed integers.

If you have things that must never be negative, define a type that does that and gives an error (there are many good safe_int examples in C++) whenever an operation gives a negative number as in that case you've already lost and your business logic / input filtering / .... is wrong and needs to be fixed.

Anecdotally, I've written a few hundred thousand kloc of c++ so far and I've never ever had a bug due to signed overflow. Unsigned underflow OTOH... I'm just thankful for clang's ubsan to warn on it because of how many issues it caught. For the immense majority of programs you'll never have sizes close to 63 bits anyways since the CPUs we use barely have 52-bits of address space at most (and if you have more you're likely already using 128 bit sizes)

> Where unsigned does benefit here is when these are used as indices into an array. The signed behavior will almost certainly produce invalid indices which leads to memory unsafety issues. The unsigned way will never do that, it’ll stay bounded, even if the index it produces is actually wrong.

I'd take negative indice over silently wrong indice any day of the week. The first will be caught hyper quickly, the second will send money to the wrong account silently for a couple years before anyone notices and then you're in much deeper issues.
And also Secret Network, which hides smart contract variables, which therefore includes token and wrapped token amounts, along with the current owner. Monero has a trustless-enough bridge over to there.
Don't agree. While car culture is far worse in America, we're still far too dependent on cars here in Europe as well in situations where it isn't necessary. Almost all planning revolves around cars, and then some pedestrian stuff is tacked haphazardly on at the end.
Our Amazon Ion [0], which is compatible with JSON.

[0] https://amzn.github.io/ion-docs/
I don’t recall anyone looking for a killer web 2.0 app, because they already existed when the term was coined. Examples included Flickr and Wikipedia; YouTube came not long after.

https://www.oreilly.com/pub/a/web2/archive/what-is-web-20.ht...
Sure, but that information today is gatekept quite well and impossible for you or me to pull or integrate without partnerships or paying up heavily. For example, plaid is a company worth 13.4b where largely all they do is log in to your financial accounts on behalf of another (usually financial) institution to scrape your account data. If you try doing that yourself, you will be blocked by the risk systems of the various banks.

Other companies like mint and byallaccounts largely did the same thing and were aquired at $170 per account and $33 per account respectively. So obviously someone is making money on keeping your data gatekept.
I've recently gone back the other way. About 4 or 5 years ago, I made the same leap from Nginx to Caddy v1. Apart from times when I had to manually reboot my server, after some change or upgrade, Caddy ran flawlessly the entire time.

About a year ago, I finally 'upgraded' to Caddy v2. and had nothing but problems ever since. It may have been user error on my part --the config syntax changed completely between v1 and v2. However, my config was fairly straightforward, so I don't think so. Anyway, for whatever reason, Caddy v2 would regularly die on me --usually over night while I was asleep-- and then [via its service] fail to start again, or would restart but then crash again a few minutes later.

Rinse and repeat multiple times throughout a period of several months, with long periods of stability in between. All while nothing had been changed, either on server or Caddy itself.

I have nothing but praise for Caddy v1. But, for me anyway, v2 was just too unstable to rely on. So, I've now switched back to Nginx again, which has been rock solid these past few months.
Here are the good books trying to answer your question among others:

https://www.amazon.com/Dream-Machine-M-Mitchell-Waldrop/dp/1...

https://www.amazon.com/Dealers-Lightning-Xerox-PARC-Computer...
It's fascinating how on hacker news one typically finds detailed, reasoned and thoughtful comments. However on the topic of crypto and web3 the comments reliably degenerate into partisan tit for tat, consisting mainly of poorly researched, unreasoned sound bytes.

It's a pity because I'd love to hear quality thought on the space.

My personal view is that crypto and Web3 "are a thing" (Mean Girls) and will continue to be a thing. But the sector is very very new, and supercharged by capital, leading to tumerous horrors. People get burnt, robbed, and jealous, and it leads to nasty feelings.

I find the space interesting and exciting, over all. Also massively frustrating of course. But I try to judge all things not by the worst cases of them (Daniel Dennet - I.e. cars are often good, they aren't always murder boxes). Looking at good examples also gives perspective on what work still needs to be done in the rest.

Can someone recommend places to read or be involved in non partisan discussion about these topics?
Seq seems to be targeting application logs, where JSON (and jsonl) is a common format and it makes sense.
Pro-Tip: Get the hell out of US-East-1.
Solar + Batteries/Storage are cheap to build today. No need to choose a worse technology in every way now, that only becomes less viable as time goes on.
Hardware to do this kind of thing is commercially available and some people are doing it, e.g.:

https://www.nycmesh.net/

The main problem is that unlicensed spectrum has limited range and most places don't have enough density to make it work when only <1% of the population is on the network. So it works in places like New York City. It requires a high enough density of people inclined to do this sort of thing. It could work elsewhere but it's kind of chicken and egg.

For longer range there is still Ham Radio. Check if they give the ham radio exam at your local hackerspace.
As we know from stack overflow survey, rust is most loved and one of least used language, no surprise here!
I also wondered about that, must be an US thing.
This is NZ tho. If you try to import bark they will want to scrutinise it under biosecurity rules. Does it have pests, is it fumigated, what species is this.

They are not gonna let "random bark" go. NZ customs are extremely militant about biosecurity.
Also in The Expanse (possible spoilers?) it takes the Belters a surprisingly long time to realize they're holding the ultimate high ground in this respect.
Keeping it charged and synchronized would have to be part of the art project / status symbol. It would only take one rich person with a genuine interest in timekeeping technology to make this happen. Their servants could bring them a steady stream of batteries... or carry a power cord behind them like a wedding gown.
47 New Sci-Fi and Fantasy Books to Start 2022 Off Right
> The author doesn't understand the primary goal. It's precisely to have global consensus that proceeds according to its logic - so if you own something it can't be taken away from you.

How is global consensus not centralisation though?

Humans are notorious for disagreeing on everything. Having one global arbiter of truth/consensus seems implausible at best.

Anything that could provide global consensus will need to be backed by something formed from a human brain. And our brains are not perfect. We keep updating code because we miss things. Who would maintain the system for global consensus? And how would they not just be our new rulers?

As a perfect example you mention ownership as a feature of global consensus. What do you own with an NFT? Who enforces that ownership? What stops someone pirating an NFT image?

Ultimately this screams of solving a people problem with a technical one. That never works. Not without strong co-operation of the people involved, and even then technology plays a very small role in the solution.

> The scalability argument is true in isolation - everyone agrees it's currently a problem, but has nothing to do with centralization or not.

It does in that a truly decentralised system inherently cannot suffer from the scaling problems cryptocurrencies have.
What did the electronic device velcroed on the hat do?
What evidence comes down to it being of natural origin? I’m genuinely curious because I haven’t seen much “evidence” of it.
Seeing it I remember a firewall management gui that was one of the first easy and simple “firestarter”, sadly it was discontinued time ago, before Ubuntu release their “ufw”, which was very similar.
Seems promising this tool.
The reason they like real time is that they can offer the bare minimum, and then if I don't like it they can then ramp up the offer.

If it's done via email it's basically a silent auction.

So your first offer HAS to be good, because you don't know what the other bidders are bidding.
web3 is a marketing term. There are some problems to be solved.

1) Giving more $$ and ownership to media creator than curator (platform).

2) Faster and efficient financial transactions.

3) Improving online identity.

These can be, and will be improved on incrementally from web2. If FB decides to pay more $$ to content creators and toggles the switch to better detect original content and give due credit, what is the business case for an equivalent web3 clone?

The opportunity for new so-called web3 applications will be because of inertia on part of existing platforms.
About fossil fuel companies donating money to anti-nuclear "environmental" movements?

https://environmentalprogress.org/the-war-on-nuclear

Hopefully you don't believe it would be a step too far for the fossil fuel industry that has been responsible for wars and regime change and cartel behavior going back over a century to subvert or create fake environmental movements to keep their competition down.

It would be more outlandish to believe the fossil fuel industry isn't a major driving force behind the anti-scientific anti-environmental anti-nuclear movement. Follow the money.
> With web3 there is gatekeeping and centralisation as I cannot spin up my own server any more without buying crypto and then paying someone on a centralised database just so that I can do everything I could do before for free on my own.

Web3 includes all of the previous web technologies and adds optional layers on top. It is a superset of all web tech. You can totally setup an HTTP server on a Raspberry Pi, that's totally still Web3, but good luck building a truly scalable multi-million user application and competing with AWS on that.

If your app is such that it relies on user-generated content, it wouldn't be Web3 for you to host it exclusively on your Pi, because the users generating the content would not own it, or have guarantees that the data on the Pi was not being manipulated or misused by you. The key idea of Web3 is user ownership and community ownership.

> With web3 there is gatekeeping and centralisation as I cannot spin up my own server any more without buying crypto and then paying someone on a centralised database just so that I can do everything I could do before for free on my own.

You can set up your stack however you like. You don't even have to be using cryptocurrency for payments to be "Web3". You could, for example, allow someone to login with their Ethereum wallet and use their ENS domain name as a username in your chat app rather than adding Google Auth. That doesn't even require a transaction on the blockchain, it's just verifying a cryptographic signature.
Ah. Manning. How I look forward to receiving their 2 or 3 spam emails on an almost daily basis because, several centuries ago, I must have filled in a form to download a free ebook.
> Man, there is no ego boost like interviewing several people who have 7+ years of experience and seeing that they’re absolutely inept.

Getting ego boosts from others' lack of skills can often cloud the recruiter's judgement about a candidate. This can result in not-so-great recruiting decisions sometimes. My two cents.
It's also interesting how with most visual illusions, you can sort of convince your mind to interpret it one way or another if you try hard enough. I think the simplest example is the necker cube, where you can convince your brain it's either pointing towards you to the left or towards you to to the right [1], seemingly just by visualizing those orientations. In case I'm not the only one who interprets it this way, I'm wondering, is there a name or academic description for that phenomena?

The wikipedia article mentions:

> There is evidence that by focusing on different parts of the figure, one can force a more stable perception of the cube.

Which is pretty interesting by itself, but I think it implies the need to physically move your eyes. What I'm curious about is the ability to alter your perception without moving your eyes physically. It seems like evidence for or against that could lead to some interesting conclusions.

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Necker_cube