skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
To be fully honest... I recycle them if none of the family wants.

My family's previous retired laptops were 2 old HP Core i3 4th gen models. With 1366x768 15" screens, one of which was cracked. One would blue-screened randomly after a few hours even with a OS reinstall. I stripped them down and sold the motherboard and RAM of the non-blue-screening one on eBay and made about $80.

The rest was recycled because, what would I do with them? If I wanted a Plex server, a Raspberry Pi 4 is powerful enough for most things that don't need transcoding, and consumes far less power and physical space (laptop motherboards are not very space efficient for a server unless you got a super long and thin case for them).
Administration fee is less important than overall impact, which I assume is what people who worry about overhead actually care about. There are plenty of evaluators that skip worrying about overhead and get to them meat of the issue, how much does this charity help per dollar.
This must be the attitude that scammers adopt so they can sleep at night. It's like saying that fraud is okay as long as the victim is stupid enough.
Same thing with Brexit really. An easy excuse to reach for.
I've been thinking about something similar — a large array of drones/flying machines, which can cover a large surface area, and be deployed above points of structural integrity in glaciers and biodiversity hotspots to lessen heating and support those prioritized locations. What you described and the motivations resonate as well. My email/contact is in my profile, would love to connect and explore together!
I setup a systemd unit file to run docker-compose.

[Unit]
Description=co-docker - start docker instances via docker-compose
Requires=docker.service
After=docker.service
PartOf=docker.service

[Service]
Restart=on-failure
WorkingDirectory=/opt/co-docker/%i
ExecStart=/usr/bin/docker-compose up
ExecStop=/usr/bin/docker-compose stop

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
>many EU modules started adding signature checking and encrypted updates in the late 2000s

Ah, yeah, and this is irritating if you're a used car owner, particularly an owner of a car that's now lower value. I can't, for example, pick up a cheap used throttle body for my older Volvo because the main ECU will reject it until someone from the stealership charges me a LOT of money to "program" it.
> No, because more infectious but less severe virus is actually going to kill more people and cause more disruption economically even without deaths.

Besides the "short term overload" aspect, this doesn't have much weight if both viruses ultimately end up infecting the majority of the population.
This is one of those cases where I wish it was possible the chain of command was bidirectional. If the majority of your direct reports want to fire you, they can. I would fire this guy in a heartbeat. It seems unlikely the superior can do their job at all effectively, given even this one description of hiring attitudes.
Even straightforward situations are frustrated by what is a broken process. There was an article for a black WWII pilot - the only black pilot from the war to be designated an ace - whose article was under constant attack by a particular user. The pilot's fifth kill originally been split between himself and another pilot, but a later investigation had awarded him full credit. In any case, the AF had honored him as an ace at some point before he died, and it was covered prominently in his obituary. Well, this user - a researcher who also worked to "debunk" myths about the exploits of the Tuskegee Airmen - was adamant that the pilot did not have enough kills to be designated an ace. He cited work that had gone back to the original war-time records (before the reinvestigation). The author of this research? Him.

The article is so small, though, and on a topic unsympathetic to the largely white and male editor base, that flagrant original research doesn't register.
This is far from a complete answer, and not unique to the chip shortage, but some context about some markets and industries in general for those wondering about "how could this be related to COVID?"

It's important to understand that many manufacturing industries operate on a "JIT (just-in-time) manufacturing" model[0], where goods used in a manufacturing process are only ordered and received as needed, minimizing inventory and storage costs. (e.g., instead of having a warehouse full of screws sitting around waiting to go into products, you order X screws from another manufacturer every month to fulfill Y number of effective orders) This means that many industries (especially the automotive industry) operate on a constant stream of supplied products, in many interdependent chains.

There are two downsides to this approach:

1. The JIT model has to be at least partially predictive. You can't necessarily order components right as you receive orders, because it takes time to produce those components (remember, no one has warehouses full of those components ready to ship, because it's often JIT all the way down) and you don't want to keep customers waiting as components get shipped to you. Instead, you need to at least somewhat predict how many orders you expect to fulfill in order to balance between keeping customers waiting ("shortage") and having excess stock laying around which might never sell (waste)

2. The other main downside is that JIT production is highly interdependent on other industries and can be fragile. If you expect to be able to order X screws this month from your supplier, but some external event causes them to only be able to supply you with Y screws (Y << X), you're shit out of luck. You literally cannot produce your product because the underlying components simply do not exist, which leads to a shortage of your product

Both of these downsides come to a head in the presence of some global event that causes uncertainty and inefficiency. If a low-level JIT process depended upon by many industries suffers from an inefficiency (e.g. workers can't come in because they're sick), many higher-level processes start to slow down (e.g., no one has screws to build their products with). This effect is multiplicative across industries, since many manufacturers specialize in specific products and downtime can affect many "downstream" clients.

Along with this, such global events can dramatically change customer demands, and when you've only predicted needing to produce X products but you now have Y demand (Y >> X), customers are out of luck because the products literally do not exist to be sold (shortage).

Considering that computer chips are now present in almost all major consumer products these days, it doesn't take much uncertainty and inefficiency at the "base" for a domino effect to significantly slow down a lot of industries.

[0]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lean_manufacturing
What's crazy is 1gb of memory in a browser tab, when Steve-O said Flash games that took up 1Mb were too heavy.
What's the difference? What portion of your dollar is neither "help" nor "overhead"?
The XOR encryption was just for the update container. Newer update files usually employ some stronger forms of compression/encryption. However, it's usually some strange in-house crypto, so eventually people figure it out.

bri3d refers to using RSA signatures on the firmware once it's written to the flash. By ensuring the firmware is signed using the manufacturers private key it should (in theory) prevent messing with the firmware, even if all encryption/flashing steps have been reverse engineered.

Some interesting reading:
https://github.com/bri3d/VW_Flash/blob/master/docs/docs.md
https://github.com/jglim/UnsignedFlash
The best restaurants always have a table available.
More than a decade and a half old now, Ask the Headhunter's "Death by Lethal Reputation" is an evergreen essay: https://www.asktheheadhunter.com/halethalrep.htm
Take a look at the tall stack. It abstracts away the js that does partial page updates.

https://tallstack.dev/
Family farms operate about half of America’s farmland and they are responsible for about 21% of production. Link:

https://www.usda.gov/media/blog/2020/01/23/look-americas-fam...

Family farms grow commodity and fiber and not necessarily food calories.

‘Industrial farmer’ will toe the line of the inputs industry(feed, fertilizer and weedicides) and collect subsidies. Profitability doesn’t relate to good soil practices. Profit is extracted from all that ancillary to the food production industry. Example: There is no money in growing food. The profit comes if you own your truck lines and part of the supply chain. Or Agtech or inputs make more money than the proceeds of actual food. Subsidies make up most farm income and pushing more farmers into debt and bankruptcy. It’s not very rosy.

Industrial farms have polluted our waters and poisoned our soils that habitat and eco systems are entirely decimated. And crop diversity is also severely compromised and we lose so much variety and cultivars. That’s why we get tasteless red delicious apples and Roma tomatoes because it’s easy to mechanize to feed billions cheap food.

In my opinion, I think there should be two kinds of food. Cheap Soylent kind of nutritious goop to stave off malnutrition and starvation in industrial factory farms with strict protocols to deal with the environmental impact and then real food whose price reflects the true cost of growing food for billions cheaply. But all ag and food production should be termed industrial as it is the erasure of nature and habitat and eco systems.

I am very much in favour of the late great E.O.Wilson’s Half Earth proposal and I think it should be considered in earnest to save our planet.
That is just 2B. A simple STP plant can handle this. Not every billion is a big number.

Edit : Writer of the article also thinks that.
Spike Detection in Alert Correlation at LinkedIn
yep it's always a bunch of movie subscription sites instead of the torrent. it's almost like Google's search engine is predominantly focused on collecting advertising dollars...?
Finding a competent accountant might be easier said than done.
We used Stripe. The problem was that our product was initially pre-pay, but we changed it to post-pay at some point. However, that's a different Stripe API (SetupIntents), and so you basically don't see the risk score until invoice charge time (instead of at card entry time). Thus people can use a lot of CPU before you notice that the card is stolen. (Stripe's risk stuff is great. I love how it shows how many other Stripe properties the card or user has been declined on. I wish things like Auth0 gave you this kind of data.)

Honestly the stolen credit cards were interesting, but overall not that big of a deal. We had free trials which were equally effective for crypto mining. Post-pay is always a drag. Lots of people that sign up with cards that have a spending limit well below what we claim the price is going to be. Other people issue chargebacks months later with excuses like "oh, I forgot I was using that" or "I didn't feel like I got the value for what you charged".

All in all it's an amusing business.
I think, there is a possible grain of truth there.

>> If there were classified orders taking up fab space, would we ever know?

The shortages could have led to larger back-orders, and potential "double booking". Those orders is probably a trade secret, so it probably won't be easy to find out.

Just before the pandemic, everyone was optimising for zero inventory, and probably now you have a feedback loop which probably overshoots a bit in the other direction too.

You need something in half a year or a year, you likely order it right away instead of doing it just-in-time.
Why are you name dropping company names?
Not a crazy idea! I think this is the only decentralised system that can work long term. I’ve spent a long time thinking about it. Figuring out how to manage reputation is key, which you allude to with your comment about needing a page rank type algorithm.
This strikes me as someone who formed a conclusion and went out to go find supporting evidence to write about.

It is also wrong.

The key to feeding the world was the Green Revolution, the system of plant variety and hybrid development, fertilization, pest management, and mechanization with related techniques which developed the capacity to feed the planet in the mid 20th century. Without it the world’s population would have been limited by starvation billions of people ago.

There are good arguments that those techniques can be significantly improved upon, but the people pushing for them generally don’t have very much of an idea of how things work and just tend to repeat each other’s “bro science”.

https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_Revolution
Open-source, word guessing game like Wordle but without the daily limit
Though it also requires a quick lock acquire to advance the pointer afterwards, so it does not come quite as cheaply as that makes it sound.
DOSEMU was blazing fast compared against DosBox, because isn't wasn't a emulation. It used the virtual x86 mode of the CPU. Like the old good dos mode of Windows XP and Windows 9x.
An easy solution to "what charities should I give to": https://www.givewell.org/
Trump is also partially to blame.

When he placed that trade embargo on China, many companies were forced to change their orders to factories in other locations, such as Taiwan. These factories were already running at capacity.

Edited for source:
https://www.theverge.com/2020/9/26/21457350/us-tightens-trad...
I'm looking forward to reading the series. I've printed out the first one to read today.
> VB 6.0 was the most productive IDE for small businesses that didn't have the budget for a software department.

This is one of the reasons I really dislike working on old VB apps. Some guy who worked for the company 20 years wrote an app in VB6 and they had an intern port it to VB .NET a few years later.

The code is spaghetti and no one knows is left that even worked on the app. Beyond that, no one really knows how it is supposed to work but they they're using it to run their business. That's been my experience with just about every single VB application that needed to be maintained or moved to a new platform.

Granted, the same probably holds true for any application that's developed in an ad-hoc manner with no planning or requirements. VB just make that approach particularly easy.
Nushell 0.42
Not sure, but isn't a large part of it keeping #include out of header files? That's easy to spot, but can be hard to untangle once its done.
> Do you mean the XOR encryption used? As someone working on the embedded linux(!= than embedded MCU) side i was very surprised to find such a crude "encryption" scheme employed.

I'm not a cryptographer - but I don't think there's anything wrong with XOR encryption, and I'm not sure why you're putting it in scare-quotes - XOR with a sufficiently large key is absolutely fine, and with a one-time pad is unbreakable. XOR with very large keys is how critical military encryption systems such as radios work.
You can create infinite identities :shrug.
> This argument seems to have some trouble with the concept of theft.

Quite the contrary. If people gang up on you and take your things there may be nothing you can do about it.

Some of your possessions have a “finders keepers” status. You drop a 20 on the floor, too bad.

Some things are worth it socially to protect (house titles and their transfer are elaborate to make them hard, though sadly not impossible, to steal).

Banks get a special level of protection from the authorities but they have to take various steps to reduce risk themselves. It’s worth it because of robbing banks were easy a lot of other things would stop working.

While “society” has decided that fighting bike thefts isn’t generally worth the cost.

(Just used these two as examples)

Theft and ownership are social constructs. A statute of limitations doesn’t mean a crime wasn’t necessarily committed, just that it no longer meets the cost/benefit threshold.
This Isn’t the California I Married
Of course it can be done, but I wouldn't trust someone who needs a primer on the subject to do it well. Taking large, complex subjects and condensing them in a few chapters is probably one of the greatest challenges a writer can face.
No, this EPS control module is remarkably primitive even by late 2000s standards and several generations behind today's state of the art.

More modern control modules with a bit more resource available to them will use AES as the symmetric encryption (although there are also fixed-key XOR schemes and custom stuff used like this: https://github.com/bri3d/VW_Flash/blob/master/lib/decryptdsg... ).

The keys and even IV are usually fixed across a "model line" of ECUs, so once a decrypted flash memory can be extracted, this isn't much of a protection measure, but it's a lot better than XOR.

Then, in more modern control units, flash areas are also usually protected by both a checksum (usually some CRC permutation, although cute tweaks and random nonsense are common here too) and some form of digital signature.
My top spec M1 max has to be restarted (windowserver) anytime anything goes full screen for a few minutes. *Nicest keyboard on a laptop I ever owned though.
The challenge is, when no notable end user group is coordinate enough to havd significant market force/power to push back, what else do you call it but ‘users accept it’.

Everyone I know hates Comcast and the defacto monopolies in many areas with internet service. (Among many examples). But except in a few small areas, no one seems to even be effectively pushing back.

‘We’ve reached a hopefully temporary equilibrium point where corporate interests and ability to extract value vs user interests (and their lack of ability or interest in fighting for them) result in users hating life consistently’ isn’t any more explanatory I think, but says pretty much the same thing.

Users are relatively helpless/uneducated/captured and uncoordinated here at the moment, and the business interests are getting less pleasant as they fight each other in the absence of any other guidance/regulation as they try to grow and extract the maximum value they can.

At some point something with change and we’ll start shifting to another equilibrium point. Based on past experience I doubt it will be much friendlier to end users, but I have been surprised once or twice before.

And this isn’t (near as I can tell), ‘corporations bad’. Everyone always tries to get the maximum value they can get out of a system barring energy expended/concern about social judgement/blowback concerns.

From kids downloading warez to someone looking for maximum stimulation/emotional load from browsing instagram for free to a company getting the extra couple dollars from improving a signup flow.
It was obvious OP didn't know simple facts about taxes and income... based on his/her post. Getting that right is more important for the longterm and I think the parent was on point.
Ask HN: How to Become an Artist?
I know nothing about the art world, and yet I'd like to become an artist (as a hobby, at least for now). I don't particularly care about making money; but I want to understand how an artist is launched, how he/she gets recognition, how he/she gets invited to shows, etc.

Anyone with experience, or suggested readings? Thanks in advance!
1) JOIN FOREIGN fk_alias.fk_name (original proposal)
2) JOIN table FOREIGN fk_alias.fk_name REF pk_alias
3) JOIN table FOREIGN fk_name [ FROM | TO ] alias
4) JOIN table FOREIGN (fk_col, ...) [ FROM | TO ] alias
5) Some other syntax
6) Status quo
In our particular case - she was a horse girl and earned a veterinary degree. When she started seeing our wonderful collie as a burden, she finally realized something was seriously wrong.

That understates what happened. She started wishing the dog would just go die.

That finally brought home to her that her thinking had dramatically changed and that it wasn't just situational, e.g. it wasn't that I was lazy. This is incredibly specific to our situation and I'm sure it doesn't help anyone else.

But the takeaway for us was that she had a come-to-Jesus moment that made her realize this was her problem, and she needed outside help. She did not realize she had clinical depression until that moment.

It helped that I was in graduate school and had a very supportive set of people around me. They valued me and let me know it.

As stated elsewhere on this thread - there aren't a lot of support options available for men in this situation.
Learning Rust – Why Now?
Show HN: Rathole – An Rust alternative to frp and ngrok, with gains in perf
> I was like don't put in your email! I'll return it!

I was in Las Vegas with family a couple of years ago and there's a zipline over Fremont street that my kids wanted to do. They wouldn't let us do the fucking zipline until I gave them my email address.
supply chain causing raw material lag altogether ?
Not a functional advice (my old laptops still all serve the same function), but:

I'm using Apple since 2014 and realised I've gathered quite stack of old Macs (one Macbook Air, one MBP and one iMac). I've installed Linux in all of them for the heck of it and its quite a welcome break for macOS.

I try use the old Macbook Air only as a thin client (tiling window manager and most TUI applications for IRC, email, coding, remote admin, etc).
Isn't this the kind of result that's impossible to rule out outside factors? At best this seems like an idea for a better study, rather than a useful result.
ThreeJS is a fucking great library, though.
> The problem is how awfully many people believe with the highest strength of belief in positions with which most experts disagree. If you're sceptical, you should first and foremost be sceptical about your own beliefs.

I think the second half of this applies to the first. How can you be confident of your own judgment of "most experts" positions without being something of an expert yourself? I often see people claiming that something is "what most doctors/scientists/people/experts/etc say", and I'm always skeptical of how a non expert confidently comes to that belief.

In reality, I tend to assume that these positions are in fact what the most resources were spent on telling people, in other words the ideas that had the largest marketing budgets behind them (or whatever is viral at the moment).

When I see a random person on the internet claiming to echo what most experts believe, I assume that its really what their twitter feed believes, which I don't know how to value, so I don't value it very highly.

I very much agree on the arguing ferociously part though. I think a lot more humility is called for all around.
He's talking about the writing style, and I tend to agree.
The book Viral suggests that the wildlife trade, especially the intermediate species under consideration, is significantly more prevalent in southern China. Further, wildlife trade is seasonal and Oct/Nov (when the virus emerged) is the beginning of the winter slow season, with most trade occurring in summer months.

Again, if it's zoonotic it's surprising that it would emerge in a city with much less animal trade than somewhere like Guangdong, and in the slow months of that trade.
I love this.

I ask a very simple question:

> Anyone trying to shickle a few dollars from the medical system to provide "pre-natal diagnosis" without sound science - they can come burn in the same hell I live in every day.

Where's the ambiguity?

And there is none so you're forced to divert the conversation to... literally anything but that.

"I don't see any way of convincing you that incredibly direct statement was ambiguous" would have been shorter, no?

-

Continuing this conversation was futile the moment you decided to lie instead of admitting there was no ambiguity and you had just asked a stranger if they wish they had aborted their child for no good reason.

And who knows. Maybe despite appearances some basic understanding of why you don't make statements like the ones you did so casually... has permeated into your subconscious after being schooled on the concept for this many words?

I guess the world will never know
Vange-Rs: WebAssembly in Rust