skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
That’s good advice. I’m a developer and a photographer and a couple of months ago I had a wedding consult (sales meeting) where the fact that I’m not good at that portion came up for the reasons you mentioned. The potential client somewhat jokingly then asked “are you a good wedding photographer?”

I’ve never had a question at a consult seize up my brain like that before. A good salesperson would have said “of course, and here’s why…”. I am not a good salesperson and floundered.

Reflecting afterwards I realized the truthful answer isn’t that I’m a good wedding photographer, but that I’m a good wedding photographer for a particular subset of people.
I have a simple rule for marketing which has proved to give nice results. Give a generous demo. Not that lame 15 days demo that most services provide. No one will manage to test your product in just 15 days. And even if they do it won’t help create a habit out of using it. Give three months instead. It gives them time to schedule a period of using it, and then it provides a cushion to get accustomed to it.

I was testing an IDE the other day that had only one month trial period. One month is not enough. It’s a secondary tool. I won’t use it on a daily basis because I have work to do. I’ll use it on weekends, and probably not that much. I need plenty of time to test it on various projects to get accustomed with all its features and see how it compares to the one I have. Would it break them to give a two or three months trial time?

Long demos does the trick for me. As always, ymmv.
https://educationdata.org/public-education-spending-statisti...

https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2018/sep/07/us-education...

I'm not sure what qualifies as "insanely" but there's a gap.
I feel similarly, and recently I've been focusing on acquiring tools that enable me to disengage from our rotting culture by making things for myself. Of course not everything can be done, but a lot can be, especially if you start letting other people use the tools.

Instead of fast fashion, I'm getting a sewing machine and fabric and just letting several people use it in return for making me clothes (I have money, they have time). Likewise, I'm investing in knitting/crocheting stuff and lending it out. Instead of plastic doohickies, I'm getting a 3D printer: What I make may be cheap crap on par with what I'd get at Walmart, but at least I won't be exploiting or enslaving anyone.

Also buying used and repairing is an option. Basically I like to ask myself 'will this help me need less from big corporations?' before I buy something. Not that small business is inherently more moral, but it's easier to hold to account as an individual consumer. I can actually sue/raise enough of a ruckus to put a local business out of business if they hurt me, whereas Amazon doesn't care.
If more people are trained you’d have more teachers available everywhere.

Starting at “artificial scarcity”/zero and building up/out is ridiculous.

There are plenty of people who would do such work, who probably need little training, but reliable routine blows up the speculation game. We exist in a state similar to watching a movie; suspended disbelief. These 60+ yo political truths? Don’t look away!

We know a whole lot more about logistics and manufacturing now than we did in the 50s.

It’s time for the story to move along.
Most WAF attempts to block this failed - there's plenty of twitter posts doing things like ${${j}${n}i: to bypass WAF rules.
See also - software-defined perimeter. Sounds extremely bullshit, but boils down to "network is not used directly at all, everything runs over 'black channels' (e.g. use WireGuard) on a service-by-service * peer-to-peer basis". Tailscale is fairly close to this.
Educated people require opportunities to use their brains though. If they don’t get these, they will not take manual labor, they will complain and then topple the regime.

Uneducated people with a nice conservative religion is the way to go.
Forbes is just a vanity blog at this point, I've no idea why it keeps getting posted here.
Standard ML and OCaml have both sum types (like in Rust) and exceptions. I feel like both have their value, and both are important. A nice thing is that you can match on exceptions:

match number_of_lines_of_a_file() with
| x -> x
[ exception File_not_found -> 0

This makes it really easy to create alternative versions of functions, using exceptions or option types:

match number_of_lines_of_a_file_opt() with
| Some x -> x
| None -> raise File_not_found

match number_of_lines_of_a_file_exc() with
| x -> Some x
| exception File_not_found -> None
> Education is insanely overfunded

Those South Dakota teachers didn't think so.
Wind and solar over production can be stored in superconducting loops (this is pretty common in places where the grid is weak and large amounts of windpower are connected), batteries, pumped storage, supercaps and a whole host of other possible storage methods. Compared to those Hydrogen production and subsequent conversion back into energy is pretty clunky.
I still say they did properties wrong. If you have a property prop, it should synthesize methods prop and prop: and expose them to the user. Then, to get you say [obj prop] and to set you say [obj prop: newVal]. This is a convention widely used in Smalltalk, and is nearly as convenient to use as dot notation. Dot notation in Objective-C makes the dot operator mean two different things; and in one case it takes a bare struct and in the other case it takes a pointer. Utterly weird. But it's a belt onion: done because it was the style at the time.
Maybe it's just my reading, but what follows this excerpt puts it in context. I.e. we shouldn't bother with converting the entirety of unspoken knowledge in some field:

> Why do we know this?
> [What many researchers found out] was that it is extremely difficult to encode all the possible branches and gotchas and nuances from a human expert into an expert system.
There's no such thing as 'innate' intelligence in the sense of not changing over time. Trivially, your IQ is benchmarked against a norm of people your own age, with the absolute value of correct results changing considerably with age (typically rising steadily until ~25 before declining). There are also techniques like the dual n-back that show at least short term changes to IQ tests.
Show HN: I wrote a book on web application deployment
It seems like we have tons of room to make the internet more efficient even without Moore’s law - how many backends and clients are written in scripting languages (PhP, Node, Python, Ruby…) without a whole lot of thought put into energy use (even if they are carefully designed to be fast or “efficient” by some metrics)?

And how much of internet energy use is made of serving ads? It seems to be a growing share, and ads increasingly want to stream video, which puts things like PNG decoding & dithering in the margins of overall energy use.
> a too big a model is passed around between functions I guess, because it's annoying having to extract and pass the 3-4 values it needs

You can always take an extensible record type instead of the entire model.

type alias Model =
{ count : Int
, prop : String}

initialModel : Model
initialModel =
{ count = 0
, prop = "" }

foo : { a | prop: String } -> String
foo model = model.prop

bar = foo initialModel
Amazon says overwhelmed networking devices caused outage
Hi fellow readers of HN,

I am Josef, a full-stack developer, a formal Ruby Linux packager at Red Hat, and an author of Deployment from Scratch (which is this post about!).

After working at Red Hat and technically leading a start-up (of which I was the primary production engineer), I decided to write down a resource I felt was missing on the market:

A book that gives you the confidence to deploy your first application focused on fundamental, transferable, and long-lasting skills rather than tools of the day:

* You'll learn about networking, Linux, systemd, deployment strategies, web servers, application servers, databases, and containers.

* You'll be able to deploy Rails or Django applications (or anything really) together with production PostgreSQL and Redis databases. All automated with just a few lines of Bash.

What's unique about this book:

* It's a comprehensive book where things are designed to work together. I take readers from general networking knowledge to databases and containers. It's for beginners, but I am not skipping anything, not even SELinux.

* There are no abstractions, just Bash. I believe in learning the actual thing rather than an abstraction. Abstractions are great once you know what they are abstracting.

* Everything is done on Enterprise Linux with full SELinux support. While I have happy readers using Ubuntu, I thought the market doesn't have a good CentOS/Rocky/RHEL book.

There are three scripted demonstrations, cheatsheets, and a security checklist, apart from the book content. The demonstrations include:

* A git-push deployment of a database-backed Ruby on Rails application with Encrypted Credentials and Action Cable

* A self-sufficient PostgreSQL cluster with automatic system upgrades, log rotation, and TLS

With these demonstrations, you can be up and running quickly and also save a lot of money on Heroku :)

Stats so far:

* Took me more than 3 years to write (1+ year of fulltime billable time)

* Built a mailing list of more than 600 interested people

* Sold 366 copies

* 22 readers gave the book 5-star rating

The table of contents and the first small chapter:
https://deploymentfromscratch.com/previews/intro.pdf

A special SHOW HN preview of the Web Servers chapter:
https://deploymentfromscratch.com/previews/show_hn_preview.p...

Buy on Gumroad:
https://gum.co/deploymentfromscratch

I am around to answer any questions.

Josef

p.s. You can use "showhn" discount code at checkout for 20% off as a thank you to this community that put my posts several times on the HN frontpage ;)
You can disable web search in start without paying, by modifying the settings through Group Policy (it's in Administrative Templates, windows settings or windows components, find Explorer).
Copyright law is concerned with the making of copies, not just with their distribution. Fair use covers making personal modifications to software for personal use, but does not cover modifications for commercial use.
I spent a good chunk of my career working in software security.

I'm fairly damn well convinced at this point that a WHOLE LOT of modern security practices are actually technical run-arounds on missing legislation.

Modern security practices intentionally silo users into a single domain - Usually a large tech firm (Facebook, Google, Apple, etc) and then try as DAMN HARD as they can to lock users there - all in the name of security, of course.

We can't let the user LEAVE our site! How can we know for sure they'll do what we want if they go somewhere else (oh, and also - that thing they do that we don't approve of? It might be DANGEROUS! - think of the children!)

It turns out small sites can make a pretty compelling web experience when they can coordinate and work together (links to each other, shared preferences, decentralized identity) and it's absolutely NOT a mistake that many large orgs are now using every technical lever than can to prevent that sort of organization.

I see "Security" as filling the same space as union busting right now - make it impossible for those smaller than you to become threatening by banding together. When you keep them divided you can eat them at your leisure.
I can see the point though, even HN has seen some of this hydrogen cult stuff. Utter uncritical acceptance of anything hydrogen related while at the same time denying everything else.
Replaced by social media.
Marketing is scary for solo devs, and reading posts about how we should be doing more of it is also scary. For those of you who've successfully followed advice like this (versus myself, where I usually slink right from the comment section back to product development), which modern marketing channels have you found to be the best investment of your time?
I don't understand what you mean. Half of the article is using jq.
In practice, sellers do deal with this. The most common approach is that putting something in the cart does not reserve it or maintain a fixed price. Then if availability or pricing changes, they flag that to the user when viewing the cart.
They don't talk about using methane to create hydrogen, that's the standard how it's done today. But that's terrible, because it creates huge amounts of CO2.

There is some debate whether to use methane reforming with CCS, though it's pretty controversial and there are some huge questionmarks whether that can deliver what's promised. But you can't do that in any practical way in a vehicle.
It may be clunky, but is it more expensive? Other than pumped storage, the options you listed sound expensive per Watthour, and pumped storage is not available everywhere. Hydrogen should have around 50% round trip efficiency from electricity back to electricity and it can (partially?) reuse existing infrastructure for natural gas.
Is RSS really a technology or a part of the failed attempt of having a semantic web (the real web 3.0) ?

RSS is easily replaceable by just scrapping a website, technologically speaking it doesn't make sense to have everyone making a request to website every minute. We could have a central service responsible for that, but I guess it will centralized and some people don't like that
> Education is insanely overfunded, but it still fails to provide its basic function.

I assume you're speaking of the US, apologies if that's not the case. While there's waste in the system I'd argue that we do not over spend on most students.

Let's start with the statistic that the average spend per student in the US is $15,000. This number is misleading, a more useful number is the median spend per student, which is closer to $11k[0]. It is not uncommon to see per student spend around $9k[1] (p32). The US is more unequal in its spending than most first world countries.

Perhaps more important, spending by many other nations is under counted relative to the US. Learning is highly dependent on overall health and feelings of safety. Food and housing programs, mental health services, etc. contribute substantially to educational outcomes. Finland, for example, invests heavily in early childhood mental health[2]. Budget-wise, this is mostly accounted for in their health spending whereas in the US, such services are generally accounted for under special education (~17% of school spending).

[0] https://aasa.org/SchoolAdministratorArticle.aspx?id=9248

[1] https://nces.ed.gov/pubs2020/2020303.pd

[2] https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00207411.2020.1...
Americans are rethinking where they want to live
This has been happening for years. The highest quality teachers (for some definition of "quality") sell lesson plans to their peers.

https://www.teacherspayteachers.com/
You might find useful this article about how to use google news RSS parameters:

https://newscatcherapi.com/blog/google-news-rss-search-param...

You can replace the original RSS with the "mirror" from Google News
Obsolete? RSS is the only way i can get a list of new youtube videos from my subscribed channels.

Go over your feed? useless!

go over my subscribed feed till i get back to last video i saw? way too much work and that feed was known to fail (just like clicking the bell)

the only working solution is RSS feed for every channel i want to follow and automation to add those to my different playlists
One of the most effective investments in education we can make is in preschool education:

> Although these elements can be expensive, “when well-implemented and supported by subsequent schooling, high-quality preschool can pay for itself. Studies of high-quality programs that have followed students into adulthood find up to $17 returned in social benefits for every dollar invested. This is because people who attend preschool are more productive in school, work, and society generally—with higher levels of education and earnings, less involvement in delinquency and crime, and fewer chronic health problems,” said W. Steven Barnett, Founder and Senior Co-Director of the National Institute for Early Education Research (NIEER) at Rutgers University.

https://learningpolicyinstitute.org/press-release/what-does-...
I have a better solution: WFH.
I’ve felt this. I post my project on HN or Reddit and then I spend the rest of the day looking at analytics and refreshing my email for new comments. But external validation like usage and opinions are not in my control so it feels like an emotional roller coaster ride.

Instead of upvotes and likes, I now focus on optimizing things I can control like render time and amount of network bytes downloaded or adding a new feature. The reward from this feels more enjoyable/consistent than my DAUs
Nobody owes you the right to use their megaphone. Demanding that the government enforce your right to use their platform as a vessel for your opinion seems every bit as bad as the government silencing you. Forced speech is no better than forced silence.
When cross platform windowed WebGPU on Deno? It would be interesting for many kinds of apps.
Still missing Rust, blockchain, and gut bacteria but it's not bad!
The article itself is more balanced than the headline. In the second half it explains that hydrogen should be used in no-regret sectors where there's no good alternative and points to Michael Liebreich's hydrogen ladder, which identifies more and less useful sectors for hydrogen. It's not advocating for a firm "No" on hydrogen.
Yes, but I have seen a pattern in many websites for clubs, non-profits, student projects and other non-commercial places. They follow trends that they see in popular services. The idea that RSS is dead is unlikely to have originated from the NGO.
An individual doesn't have an obligation. A government does have an obligation, according to western values.

Large corporations, operating at a scale much closer to that of governments than to that of individuals, have been shoehorning themselves into our allowances for individuals to avoid having any sort of public processes or accountability. As we've seen with the evolution of governments, ultimately this will not stand.
Also featured multiple times on HN: https://hn.algolia.com/?dateRange=all&page=0&prefix=true&que...
Nice post! I enjoyed it.

I don't understand why Html.Lazy uses referential equality instead of equality. In a language like Elm shouldn't they be the same? What potential bugs would using equality introduce?

Thanks
IQ is normalised by age (apparently, it seems hard to find simple info on this) which suggests if you score 100 you are average, for your age.

In a society where nearly everyone goes to school, that seems like a confounding factor. Every year older will mean, for most people up to age 16 or so, another year of education.

Feels like you could pull some interesting info out of that, but not sure how.
Location: India

Remote: Yes

Willing to relocate: No

Technologies: Node, React, Rails, Python, TypeScript, Postgres, MongoDB, Flask, Meteor, Nextjs, Express

Résumé/CV: https://rsm.io/asad-dhamani | https://drive.google.com/file/d/1DXMZ3aWxVx6WaiYK8m3h49AfNTp...

Email: dhamaniasad@gmail.com
Many of us do, in fact many use private unrouted networks. Works great on something like EC2 as well.

The issue is that many have come to expect NAT or public IPs as default on their cloud infrastructure and firewalls would result in to many support cases.
Cosmologists Parry Attacks on the Vaunted Cosmological Principle
This is nonsense.

This guy is an automotive journalist and if he or his editors had used "Hydrogen personal cars are a cult," he would have had a point and I would have agreed with him. Literally everything he has said is specifically about hydrogen cars.

"These ideas appear to have been propagated to delay the uptake of battery-electric vehicles. In Europe at least, it doesn’t seem to be working yet, with every month an improvement on the last for EV sales."

Have they been propagated for that purpose? I don't think they have.

"The UK government is also putting a lot of emphasis on hydrogen, with some dramatic numbers about how many jobs could be created and how much the industry could be worth by 2050 (100,000 jobs and £13 billion / $17 billion). The UK has already switched a lot of its generation grid to renewables, particularly wind, which sometimes now supplies over half the country’s electricity. But that still doesn’t mean there will be loads of surplus to be used for producing hydrogen."

By 2035, the UK will have more offshore wind nameplate capacity than the forecast Average Cold Spell consumption peak. When you combine that with onshore wind, and solar PV it actually does mean a lot of instantaneous surplus.

Some of that will go into charging chemical batteries but even after that, there's a lot of MWhs going spare looking for a home. The poor efficiency of electrolysis is a lot less important at that point that electrolyser capex.
> not the death rate

I reported the death rate. It didn't increase dramatically yet; only from 12 per day to 30 per day; and that in theory could also be "patient died with Covid" and not "because of Covid". Yes, number of ventilated didn't increase as sharply as would be expected from Delta. So it does look less severe, from the number of ventilated. Oxygenated did increase from around 400 to 800; here as well we are not sure about the cause.

> I think the point here is that hospitalizations in general aren't necessarily increasing.

You are right, the data on this web site doesn't show the total number of hospitalizations (irrespective of Covid).

> there is at least some reason to be hesitantly optimistic.

Yes, I agree.
Just asking why. Why submit it. There's nothing new on it. We're just repeating the same discussions had before that can be read on the previous discussion when it was new. Hence linking to the other discussion thread.
The US has a reputation abroad for being cutthroat and business oriented, but in reality US public administration can be remarkably civically minded. For example, look at the wealth of data that the NOAA gives away for anyone to do what they please with. Whereas their European counterparts are mostly just unhelpful, or they gouge you with fees.

The most glaring exception I can think of is not making it easy to file tax returns, for the benefit of companies like Intuit.
I think you are confusing marketing with advertising. What you are doing IS marketing. Marketing is about understanding the market’s problem you are solving and figuring out ways to connect those people with your product.

A great way to market your product is to use “content marketing” where you create truly useful information on how people can solve their problems that may or may not even need your product to work. This combines being altruistic (they may read your content and figure out how to solve their problem without your product, and that is ok) with being business savvy (they may be so impressed with your knowledge and articulation that they want YOU to solve their problem, so they hire you/buy your product).

Advertising is just one very small aspect of marketing. A really good marketer understands this and finds the best way to expose their product and reach customers that really need your help.

Probably one of the best examples of altruistic content marketing was Joel Spolsky.
https://www.joelonsoftware.com/

He never even tried to sell his company’s software FogBugz, but the exposure FogBugz got through his blog was so much greater than he ever could have gotten through advertising. He created a reputation that eclipsed his product several times over. You don’t have to go to the length he did, but hopefully you get the point.