skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Don’t underestimate yourself. His interpreter just has to read a byte, look up the definition in a dictionary, and then jump to the appropriate subroutine. The one he wrote reads from stdin; if you were actually bootstrapping a new machine from scratch you would be writing it to the boot sector of a disk, so it would need to read input from later sectors of that disk. Not really difficult to arrange, though the details would differ on different types of computers. You would just have it read a fixed number of sectors, long enough to read in your bootstrap program, and then everything would be in memory from then on out.

It has a rather minimal set of commands in that dictionary to start with. The next thing you want to do is give it a program that adds new commands to the dictionary to make the language less annoying and more capable. This is in the bootstrap.fs file. The first two lines define a command called `\`, which reads and discards bytes from the program until it finds a newline byte. This allows the language to include comments. It also defines a command called ` ` which does nothing except allow the program to include spaces for formatting. :)

Commands are added by writing to memory to add new entries to the dictionary. The dictionary is a linked list, and the bootstrap program “allocates” memory by simply starting at the beginning of free memory and writing values consecutively. That’s good enough to extend the dictionary as long as it never goes backwards. I haven’t read the whole bootstrap program, but presumably it implements something more sophisticated than that. On the other hand, memory is cheap. You can do a lot even if you never deallocate anything.

Since the language is so simple, you can learn to decypher it pretty easily. You’ll pretty quickly start to notice elements that are frequently repeated, such as `h@!h@C+h!`, which stores the byte on the stack to the current address in memory, then moves the current address to point to the next location in memory. In C that would be `*ptr++ = foo`. These repeated bits are soon defined as new commands, so that the program gradually gets less repetitive.

My favorite trick is actually one he does to improve readability. The command to read input, `k`, reads a single byte as a signed integer. If you want to read in something like -5, you could include that as a single byte with the value 251 (or 0xFB). Instead, he writes it as `k0k5-`. This reads the byte `0`, which has value 48 (0x30), then the value 53 (0x35), and subtracts them. But _visually_, it looks almost exactly like `0-5` to the programmer which is indeed the same as negative 5. This is used in the `\` command to jump backwards by 5 instructions after every read that doesn’t find a newline, for example. On line 645 he finally gets around to defining a command that negates a number, on line 1153 he defines one to read in a number in either decimal or hexadecimal, and on line 1304 is the command that reads in a double–quoted string. After that he can start writing out numbers almost directly: `s" -5" >number` reads in a decimal -5, but now it can be trivially modified to contain any number you need.
Thanks for the tip, I just installed it (revoked network permissions + blocked in TrackerControl) and I will check how it works. Lots more options than Gadgetbridge it seems, which is nice.
More interesting than rewriting the GNU coreutils are the projects that are reinventing them. Like ripgrep (which built on the example of ack) is a better grep, by discarding backwards compatibility. Or fd, which abandons find's arcane syntax. We've learned a thing or two since the 70s when most of these tools were first invented.
>Clearly concentrated manufacturing is environmentally disasterous.

Distributing the same level of manufacturing would probably be worse because of loss of efficiencies.
> There's no continuous history per se, but east slavic peoples (Russian, Ukrainian, Belarussian) have always been essentially the same people.

They appear to you the same due to few centuries of cultural subjugation by one dominant power. Otherwise they are as diverse as anywhere else in Europe.

> No one has ever disputed that the modern Russian empire represented the same people as the (Kyivan) Rus empire until very recently.

Outside of Russia, few cared for particular details of the founding lore of a backwater empire. Inside the empire, see above.
> Giving up your original rights seems to be the worst kind of payment

That's only an issue if you think that payment is more important to you.
FSF are fighting for freedom. Money is secondary.

Now, you can argue about what is the best option to achieve freedom. FSF has chosen one (which I happen to agree with). There are others.
Not in real life. Usually, in most orgs, career oriented people in ops pick the sexy, easy to sell aspects. At best, they delegate the non-sexy basics to capable people. Usually those aspects are just ignored so, because someone will sort this easy stuff out.

The notable exception here is, and that is a common theme, Amazon. Amazon realized how important ops and logistics and SCM are for their success. So they put them at their core (let's ignore AWS for now, I assume the AWS guys put ops at the center of stuff as well so). And it shows. Not everything was rosy at Amazon for sure, as relentless as Amazon is with operations it is with politics. And still, for an ops guy like myself it was the best place I ever worked at.
iPhones of US diplomats hacked using “0-click” exploits from embattled NSO
To a certain extent, yes. But there’s a hard stop, if you want to provide a secure experience, when it comes to broken security protocols. And remember that security isn’t just for ecommerce sites, but for privacy at a network level.
> Toxic distilled alcohol isn't.

Do you realize this ideia of poison alcohol was propaganda done by the government during prohibition, right?

We know how to distill from millenniums, and selling poisonous alcohol isn't a very sustainable business model...

I remember reading an article about the success of this campaign (was one of the first of this kinda). I'm mobile, but I'm sure someone can find a post a link.
Here in Illinois. Weed became legal at suspiciously the same time that opiates became...

1) more difficult to get due to changes in various regulations.

2) heavily propagandized against.

This is obviously an attempt to shift a big revenue stream from the pharmacorps to a new pie.

That new pie is divided between the state (licensing fees, taxes) and whoever can get permission to grow and sell (Governor Pritzker and his cronies).

It's all about money.
First, I was thinking that it looked like the first signs of https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technological_singularity.

But then I realized that everything you rely on is proprietary software which puts profit over user experience and therefore breaks working UX to get even more profit (something like this: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=29454289). Consider using free software alternatives instead [edit:] whenever you can.
Both Switzerland and Israel have very high levels of belief in the purpose behind their country's military engagement. In Israel because (whatever you think about the causes or history of the wider conflict) most people feel, generally correctly, that the military is critically necessary to protect them from terrorism and other threats. In Switzerland because of the strong commitment to neutrality. The military is only designed to protect the country from external threats and the principle that it wouldn't get involved except in self defence is extremely important.

If the Swiss army was sent to distant countries to protect Swiss economic interest, to enforce a certain system of government, or even in 'self-defense' but against nebulous and theoretical threats, rather than the imminent risk of a direct attack, Swiss people would widely refuse to serve.

Similarly in America. If, for example, Canada carried out an aggressive land invasion of the United States, a very large number of people would be willing to serve, and accept a draft as well as poor conditions, low pay etc.

On the other hand, if there was a draft for young people to participate in controversial US overseas operations like Iraq, Afghanistan, etc, there would be widespread resistance. Many people would evade the draft either illegally (going to prison, disappearing, moving abroad) or legally (using college exemptions, National Guard, bone spurs, etc). Some people in the military would refuse to follow orders, pursue criminal or radical political activity (more than they already do), sabotage or go AWOL.

This was attempted with the Vietnam war. It wasn't stopped despite its success. It was stopped because it didn't work and threatened to destroy the entire fabric of US military forces.
Say what you will - but they are customer focused and they don't think small.
Right? I'm 99% sure this thing uses https://github.com/shikijs/shiki
I’d bet it was just because those are easy; there is a machine instruction to compute them. Might as well use it and have one less subroutine to define later.
I did a quick research on this topic sometime ago and the following was my conclusion.

1. The Visual Display of Quantitative Information - Edward Tufte

2. Storytelling With Data

3. Documentation pages of data Viz tools e.g. 1, 2, 3 depending on your programming language of choice.

IMHO python ecosystem is still struggling with solid visualization as compared to JavaScript and R.
Ggplot gives you shiny Viz but I'm not a fan of R.

D3 and it's derivatives are awesome for dynamic Viz if that's what you are after. GL

1. https://github.com/d3/d3/wiki

2. https://ggplot2.tidyverse.org/reference/ggplot.html

3. https://matplotlib.org/3.5.0/index.html
Perhaps postgress is not really all that better. Perhaps MySQL speaks to some need that we have not measured. For me, mysql is _easy_. It just works. You don't need a phd to manage a mysql database, but it almost seems like you need one for pg. That is what makes mysql better, even though it may be technically worse. I read everywhere that mysql is supposed to be slow, but in my experience it is plenty fast. Note that I don't do any "big data" things, most I've had is a few million rows.
Agreed. We now live in an environment of "just throw another feature at it". It doesn't matter that the feature is not really wanted; or that it screws up the system; and that nothing is properly documented - just throw more features at it.

The result - systems that used to be workable have become increasingly cumbersome and impractical. Don't add features, don't try to do more things - just do one thing and do it well.

And documentation!! I know that good doco is difficult (very difficult), but good doco is now completely unknown. Application doco now consists of a mindless detailed description about how to select a specific menu entry, or to enter data into named fields, with no explanation of the effects of those fields.

System doco is just as bad - almost exclusively automatically generated from function definitions. Any programmer can read the definition, can decode the type, so it's pointless duplicating that - just tell us the subtle details that are not clear from the defs or enumerated types.
they were fined for 'spoofed' trades which in my view are fake trades - they never intended for them to execute, only to steer the market in a direction they want to fill in orders they had at a profit.

if those trades ran the risk of executing they would have probably been cancelled fast and moved further.
Say what you want about the visual design, but (at least at 5:30 AM Eastern) each page is extremely quick to load!
> Most of that time is spent executing poorly crafted Oracle SQL queries drawing millions of rows into the analytical run-time for, sorting, aggregation, discarding, merging, and spliting tasks.

I always try to follow the rule-of-thumb of "if it can be done in the analytical DB, it should be done in the analytical DB". In my experience Oracle is pretty well suited for all of the "sorting, aggregation, discarding, merging, and splitting tasks". With proper indexing/partitioning processing 81M records shouldn't take 17 hours. Pulling all the data into python and then fighting the lack of (out-of-the-box) multi-threaded data processing capabilities seems to be part of the problem than of the solution.

In my current job if I have to do some analytical heavy lifting I just write the data to AWS S3 (parquet) and read the query-results back through AWS Athena (Presto) into python.
FWIW, I just found out that shower clauses are unenforceable (at most places) if it did not occur in paid time notwithstanding the fact whether you signed such a contract or not. There has to be a payment in lieu of your services otherwise such terms are deemed to be void.
Do you know what's also become a meme by now?
https://gnu.org
Pls add better sans font for readability
BitMart CEO Says Stolen Private Key Behind $196M Hack
Ask HN: How are you taking care of you eyes?
Like anyone else these days, I am spending 8 hours for work, couple of hours for entertainment and social in front of the monitor. As I age I can see the stress and strain on my eyes. No issues as of now but I want to take care of them before anything happens.

Couple of things I am doing right now. During the day, moved to single monitor and immediately noticed less strain on the eyes and neck. During night started spending at least couple of minutes in a room(not bedroom) with out any major light source either meditating or chatting with partner, it provides major relief.

What tactics are you following and any resources which talks about practical eye health.
Potentially Beastly Apple M1 Quadra CPU Detailed in Chip Die Map Analysis
bootstrap.fs is a thing of beauty

https://github.com/nineties/planckforth/blob/main/bootstrap....

It starts off looking like line noise (the very simple interpreter defined in hex) and gradually turns into the forth we know and love.

Fantastic!
I think the issue is exactly that: 'When a measure becomes a target, it ceases to be a good measure' (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goodhart%27s_law).

If you don't specifically optimise for Lighthouse, and then score well in Lighthouse, it's likely a good measure of your site's performance. But if you specifically optimise for Lighthouse and then score well in Lighthouse, it's like practising for a psychiatric examination - it's now measuring your ability to game a test, and not much else.
Waterfall was never that bad anyway. Agile doesn't magically make people more productive. It only solves the problem of overrunning deadlines by pretending they're not important. If anything it puts needless pressure on devs who ideally should be free to think of solutions at depth. Sprints only make sense in that a team should be hustling in the early days. As the software matures, I don't think it's healthy to strive for squeezing your devs for every last drop of productivity.
Yeah it's funny because while I would agree the communists have shown adaptability (hey we still kinda vote in HK and they just today told us to "cast our sacred ballot", impressive gymnastics), I think meritocracy and legitimacy need more work.

Meritocracy is difficult because it means you d have to tolerate a certain amount of conflict from the competent bottom towards the rotting top like everything and that's difficult when you're built so top down as the communist party. They tend to prioritize loyalty to truth and just like a Church, suffer dire consequence when the odd loyal corrupt is discovered.

As for legitimacy, I really dont see it until an alternative, even virtual like in the US, is presented and a choice made. We would have very diff problems with Beijing in HK if they had a believable legitimacy: we d have a lot more people defending the country against the localists instead of what we have now: localists, people defending the country against the localists AND the communists, and people defending the communists OVER the country.

Or to give a US example people in HN could understand: if you have separatists in Texas asking why they even need a federation, people wouldnt pinpoint the democrats or the republicans as stealing the true meaning of the country and join the texan localists in trying to split away to find something more legitimate. Which is what split families in HK currently.
How does MIT prevent users changing the code? They have explicit permission to take the code and change it however they want.
Everybody is saying that they didn't got it, but then they got it, and I am still wondering what it does. It looks like Markdown to me. So what is it?
The terms "white people" and "black people" don't appear in your comment, and I think they should.
> Do you realize this ideia of poison alcohol was propaganda from the government, right?

Eh, I'm not sure about that. There are stories in the newspaper every few years about a corner stop selling cheap bootleg alcohol that has caused someone to go blind (or die) because it contained too much methanol. I for one am quite glad that alcohol production is well regulated.
Cool.

Sadly the simulate button does not show up in any of my Firefox browsers (version 94.0.2)

Perhaps the feature requires a GPU feature not presented to the vGPU in my virtual machines?

Right.. booted up a physical box that I can access over RDP and there it does show up.

Would be nice to know the hardware requirements for the simulate option.
So what's the best practice today? Install patches immediately avoiding an unusable device because of hacking? Or wait a week avoiding an intentionally unusable device because of yet again a flaky patch.
perfect for the systemd island. Horrors for everyone else.

Output should be readable, not structured.
I am going to add this to my list of examples for survivorship bias. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Survivorship_bias
I thought the same thing when I read the blogpost.
Dad doesnt need more pajamas
Hi all,

We just launched our MVP of The Gifty App - the app that will help you make better gifts. It would really help us if you could try it and give us feedback!!

And dont gift your dad more pajamas or socks please
Its a little more subtle than that, you see how many people are employed directly and indirectly by the banks and what if that bank should headquarters abroad, how else will the Fed's get their "anonymous" tip offs?

Better ways is to launder your ill gotten gains through property, let a few more respectable people take a slice of the cake like lawyers, property surveyors, etc etc and then it all becomes good until you become a political pawn.

Edit.

I should add, even when "entrapped" by the FBI with a few $million of coke and its recorded on hidden camera's you can still get off if you have been useful to the country or a few country's, in this case playing a part in reducing the troubles in Northern Island.

Let me introduce.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_DeLorean
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=edsAIPfw_dE
And then Hollywood had their own idea's
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Psxktpxkc6o

It seems the FBI were not the brightest, considering how geopolitics works, or are they mere attack dogs?

The DeLorean is 40 years old now!
Don't forget to enable IPv6 and WebRTC.
Yeah it was Clinton and his administration that was pushing the Clipper chip with the backdoored Skipjack cypher.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper_chip
Fair point. To be honest, I hope that such a bug could have remained open for 7 months because of insufficient resources. Any other explanation is even worse.
Hardware vendors have always been like this. They do seemingly unreasonable things then they throw a firmware blob on top to abstract away the ugliness. I don't really understand the rationale behind keeping the boot firmware closed anyways (I assume it's made in-house by Broadcom and not licensed)
> I doubt daily consumption of any stimulant is great in the long term, but cannabis is probably not worse than anything else really.

I'd be willing to go out on a limb and say that cannabis is a lot worse than caffeine in this respect. I have known quite a few people who smoked cannabis daily, and while they didn't seem to notice they were mentally slow (compared to their normal selves) and almost entirely unmotivated.

Still better than alcoholism of course. But we shouldn't pretend that their aren't issues with every day cannabis use.
I think it is interesting where the web is heading and where react.js and next.js are heading. Back to server side rendering, static pages/resources. All things we did about 10 years ago with Rails.

In my opinion we went the wrong way with JavaScript to a degree. SPAs (single page apps) where overhyped and we tried to solve problems with it that would have benefited from just plain old web applications. Now instead of sparingly using SPAs and going with traditional web apps we are sort of developing our modern SPAish frameworks in the direction of traditional web apps.
I've been using Vivaldi for about 3 months and I'm so close to going back to Chrome.

RTX 2060, 32GBs RAM and YouTube still lags???
An Evil Mind Is Trying to De-Anonymize the Tor Network (KAX17)
I don't. I just upgrade my prescription as my eyes worsen. You're supposed to take eyesight breaks to rest and refocus your eyes. You're also supposed to sleep 8 hours a day, eat three balanced meals, and pee standing up. I don't give a shit what the man says. I make my own rules.
So I guess it works in my favor because I own the git repo.

There's always something, isn't it. I can change my git timestamps and the employer can change its server log timestamps if there's maleficence at either side. That's a completely different territory then.
But apple juice manufacturers are (in the general case) not in the "we manufacture and/or sell electronic products". At which point they would probably end up in an interesting legal tangle.
Many of the tor relays are operated by intelligence agencies (this is known, and obvious otherwise).

If you connect to one of those, your IP is logged somewhere forever. These same agencies, depending on your country, can probably know who that IP belonged to at the time instantly, or quickly enough.

If the agency has a wiretap on the ISP's fiber, then they'll know even if you're not connected to one of their relays (you could use the unlisted bridges, but they probably know those anyway)
A huge problem today is that law isn't accessible anymore. While it is good to have extensive laws to create legal security, the fundamental laws need to understood by everybody. A high court is always needed to make final decisions on basic judgments, but they must be open to interpretation by common people that aren't lawyers and there cannot be many exceptions here.

If we have laws that forbid racial discrimination or surveillance and we get countless exceptions to these, the law basically becomes worthless and hollow.

Laws that protect against surveillance are worthless today. The intelligence community, tasked with protecting the constitutions, is guilty of undermining these by breaking them. Legislators are guilty of undermining them by having transgressions not have consequences. Even if you have an understanding on operational compromises, we went far beyond those. So the law vanishes, it has no value anymore. It is a broken law that also underlines how there are different set of rules for different people. So people start asking why they should honor other laws when it becomes inconvenient to them.
A cartel of influential datasets are dominating machine learning research