skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
I think the issue most have with the "no external stake" is that there was a common misunderstanding regarding Bitcoin value propagated for a while - that is, the cost of the consensus mechanism (compute + electricity) defines the price of Bitcoin. In reality it just sets a floor on the price of Bitcoin. The value of the dollar is not set by the cost of paper. So the "self-referential" nature of stake value and attack value just means that asset value is not pegged to the consensus mechanism in as strong a way as in PoW. As long as asset value is driven by other factors (e.g. utility) that is not really a major concern.

In practice social networks form a cornerstone of all of the unstated assumption of all consensus mechanisms. I'm more worried about supply chain compromise in wallet code than I am about an eclipse attack on a new node. At that point we know our models are too simple to make real world security comparisons.
Why is printf better than echo?
Every definition of genocide I can find online specially includes the term "people".
Nice job. Linux and Ubuntu related searches have very relevant results.

The only constructive criticism that I have would be regarding presentation. There is far too little contrast between the results URL and the white background. And I don't know what markup language you're using but results cannot be opened in a new tab via middle click (current Firefox, current Ubuntu). Not to mention that my Tridactyl extension is completely useless on the site.

Please, just serve results in normal HTML and let the browser handle the presentation. For every clever behavior you think you're adding, you are actually breaking a feature that somebody uses.
Another parallel issue is regarding public-funded work being paywalled for no reason, instead of being whole heartedly hosted by institutions rather than being presented only on request to authors.
I wholeheartedly agree on your criticism of property appraisal as a cornerstone of property tax schemes. I wonder if there is a clean solution to this problem, I personally know people who see their tax burden increase because some county assessor says they could sell their property more now, even though they get no tangible benefit from it. It makes me reconsider the California property tax scheme where peoples taxes are assessed based on the value of them when purchased.
There used to be someone on Reddit who knew every scene and episode of The Simpsons and would respond to every comment he was called into to regurgitate his knowledge, so while your comment might be a bit over the top, I'm sure it's not super far from the truth!

@dang, if you see this: Can you fix this for me? It's hard to be a part of the discussion here with this type of thing: "You're posting too fast. Please slow down. Thanks." (I can reply to email sent to the one in my profile for verification, I can't seem to originate emails from there, though, as it's a Fastmail "masked email".)
Ingesting DMT is doing drugs, no matter how much hippie shaman woo or "traditional herbal medicine" adjectival touch-ups one sprinkles on top.

This isn't derogatory, but let's call a spade a spade.

I would like there to be less stigma around doing drugs. The stigma around boring ones like THC is already starting to fade. There never seemed to be any around the most commonly used drugs (nicotine, alcohol, or caffeine) in the first place, despite all of their massive harm (alcohol and the inhaled combustion byproducts involved in smoking primarily).

Pretending that hallucinogens are some special "medicine" in a different class than someone with an anxiety disorder slamming a double rye neat after work (or a double espresso beforehand, or a smoke on their lunch break) is doing neither drug user any favors.

We are all drug users.
I am also an Australian citizen although I have not lived there for many years now and after seeing what became of it during covid I intend to renounce it as soon as it is practical and I certainly never intend to return.

With regards to the cover story, you do understand that in many previous deployments of military roundups and concentration camps, they were not accompanied by announcements of "we are the evil empire now and are deploying our military against our own citizens to round them up and place them in concentration camps?". Because this is the exact defense I am hearing from aforementioned Facebook drones and I don't see how it's not predicated on the assumption that they're not military roundups and concentration camps until the government proudly and loudly announces them as such.

I could believe the Facebook drones in question are just not very bright, but I don't assume that at all for this particular forum and you seem a lot less naive than that.

Would the exact same protests from any of the other previous or extant regimes who have offered the same explanations for their actions have held water for you? And if not, why do they in this instance?
Well, here's a reference that's technically semantically relevant to the specifics of your description, but objectively 100% off the deep end in terms of subject matter. I occasionally think about this for a little while then re-bury it because it's simultaneously intriguing and challenging.

> A blind [astral] projector gave me the following explanation regarding his perceptions during dreams and OBEs. Being blind since birth and being a successful projector is a fairly unusual combination, to say the least. Over the years, my investigations in this area have unearthed many important clues concerning the nature of perception. These provided me with further clues as to the nature and dynamics of other aspects of OBE. In the out-of-body environment, perception is absolutely everything. Therefore, understanding the nature of perception is paramount to understanding the dynamics of OBE and the entire range of related phenomena.

> My question to CB was "Could you please expound on your nonsighted condition and how you perceive things during your OBEs?"

> C.B.: I've been blind since birth. My optic nerves didn't develop while I was in the womb, but I still have vivid OBEs and dreams. It's hard to explain just how I sense things and get around while I'm out of my body, but I'll give it a try. I experience no real difference between my OBE and dream perceptions. When I have a dream or OBE, I am very aware of what is around me, but everything is always three-dimensional. I can't perceive anything as two-dimensional, such as what's on the surface of a picture, but can perceive the canvas and frame as a whole very clearly. The area around me is extremely vivid in my mind, in all directions, and is very detailed. This awareness is much stronger than my normal awake perceptions are in my own home. When I project it's like I can feel everything around me, as if I am continually touching everything with my fingers, with my mind, with my senses reaching out and touching everything around me all at once. My senses extend a long way, much further than usual, and I can feel into the distance around me in probably much the same way as sighted people do with their eyes. I get around fine when I'm out of my body, with no hesitation or doubt about my surroundings at all. I never worry about bumping into things and can sense exactly what is ahead of me and around me at all times. If I meet people during an OBE or dream, I can instantly tell what they look like and what they are wearing, just as if I were running my hands all over them. This isn't really sight, as I have no idea of what color or light is, but my dream and OBE perceptions are about as close to sight as it gets for me.

From page 42 of
https://ia902904.us.archive.org/28/items/AstralDynamicsANEWA...

My question about that has always been where the dividing line is between the people that can supposedly accurately describe places they haven't physically been and whatnot, and the mental blueprint of the brain going brrt :P

It's arguably half-tangentially related to what you describe, mostly because of the reference to hands.
>Christmas lights

Well, let's see

>Bright lights strung on American trees, rooftops and lawns account for 6.63 billion kilowatt hours of electricity consumption every year [1]

>Bitcoin mining consumes around 91 terawatt-hours of electricity annually. [2]

Huh. That's at least the same order of magnitude, at any rate.

[1] https://phys.org/news/2015-12-christmas-energy-entire-countr...
[2] https://www.businessinsider.com/bitcoin-mining-electricity-u...
More constructive criticism: This is probably not how you want the "Q&A communities" tag to display:

> Q&amp;A communities
Good article, marketing tool or not.
Yup. Can we build the same for less "power users"?

- A single startup file that starts up gitserver, a p2p node to enable repo discovery and submission of PRs.

- A web/electrum client that provides PR merge interface, and links to forks.

- user ids are their public keys, with non-unique nicks. There will only usually be one "jungly" on a repo.

We DO NOT need a blockchain for this. All those ethereum projects are messing things up by introducing an unnecessary coin that we really don't need.
"who gets to decide what a "good" use of electricity is?"

Our legislators and regulators, because that's their job.

Just like we ban heroin, regulate over the counter drugs, and tax alcohol.

Mining BTC is a waste of everyone's time.

Electricity production is partly socialized - and - we're literally facing a kind of global crisis.

Ban it, and let the Cryto Warriers figure out other, better ways (of which there are numerous) for allocating magic numbers.
I have to say I appreciate your transparency in directly Bitcoin shilling.

> If you compromise or coerce enough validators, you can rewrite the history for no cost.

If you can. You would need to compromise thousands of randomly selected validators just to forge one block. That impossible task nonwithstanding, the validators are selected with maybe five minutes’ warning.

PoW doesn’t even offer absolute immutability, it’s just longest fork wins. Which is secure because of the economics, not because of a notion of perfect immutability.

Likewise, ETH2 provides a definition of finality that’s backed by economics.
I can easily visualise an house with how many windows you want.
I can even visualise a cat with how many windows you want.
I am absolutely sure that I can visualize images. But I can also visualize sound.
What do you visualize? Just words? Must be some kind of image, sound or something.
I wouldn't be surprised if people that do visualize (including myself) overestimate the fidelity and stability. If the same brain is responsible for constructing the image and finding flaws, it will contain the most obvious flaws you could conceivably miss.
I think the Detroit automakers have the same mentality. It's almost like there's this racism belief that the Japanese could never have figured something out that Westerners haven't.
> We share your IP address and your search query with Microsoft Bing, as we use the BING API as our search engine backend
For maximum troll points, use "variant pi" and "lowercase omega with macron" for two different variables in the same paper.
Care to explain? The idea of a bunch of people pooling their money to buy an NBA team seems pretty practical to me. Is it the media/popularity aspect that makes you think of the end of a bubble? ie if they were buying something more mundane like a small plot of real estate would that be less hype-y?
Not quite. The body would natural develop several types of cancer without an immune system to suppress them. People with AIDS will have short lives even without exposure to any external diseases.
Google for My Own Content
He lost me at the part where he thinks you can sign messages after withdrawing your stake.

The whole point of proof of stake is that you can only sign blocks or messages while you have something staked. When you withdraw you are no longer allowed to sign anything.

He also didnt need to spend 1000 words going on about the history of bitcoin and proof of work.

This is literally just a filler piece with a provocative clickbait title to stir up the anti cryptocurrency folks here
But both of the two main parties do relatively the same shit. It’s like choosing between Pump water or Mount Franklin… either way you get a raw deal.
This isn't the government though. Australia has strict laws where if you tell lies about someone they can sue you for damages. This is an individual politician, using the same avenues that any other member of the public can also use, to sue someone for defaming him.
I’ll fight the river
If you’re going to convert it anyway, why use a human readable format in the first place? If you store it as unix epoch, not only do you never have to worry about time zones, it’s also a sortable integer instead of text.
That's those specific people. I can draw a correct image of a bicycle from memory. It won't look exactly like my visualization because I'm only average at the physical act of drawing, but there won't be anything technically wrong with it.
It isn't about protecting the interest of the voters but about having power to shut down and censor internet at will that the Indian government doesn't want to lose.
The state of Australian politics is a complete and utter shambles. Every single Australian should be thoroughly embarrassed by this. In my opinion mandatory voting is up there among the very worst, most destructive forces any democracy has undergone.
I'd argue that you have near 100% control over the work/office culture of your employer. You have 100% control over who you work for, so you can control the office culture you work in. It's a 1 to 1 relationship.
If during an interview they say.. "3 days in the office" you counter with "how about zero?" They say "The best we can do is 2", you again counter with "Zero works for me." Don't take the job.
cost, this is an issue polygon had

https://beincrypto.com/polygon-raise-network-fees-spam-trans...
There's luck involved too. In the limiting case, imagine you have 0.001% of the network hash rate and need a 1 block lead. This can happen every now and then, but getting a 2 block lead is basically impossible.

The exact formula is given in the Bitcoin whitepaper <https://bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf>, see page 6 and on.
It means losing the dictatorial control that the Indian government currently has over internet.
transaction fees

you either dont pay enough and are ignored or you pay enough and... great?
> Over a century of monetary policy has shown that decentralization isn't aligned with political or economic goals.

Or rather it has shown that decentralization isn't aligned with the political or economic goals of those who conceive the monetary policy.
I have aphantasia but somehow I am having a feeling it is self induced.
Let me explain. You know how in movies sometimes people who have hallucinations (basically uncontrolled prophantasia) start screening in terror because of the horror images they see.

So, good portion of my life my dreams were black and white and they look like room with under the strobe light. Only rarely I could see horizon in "outdoor dreams" or colors in my dreams. But, from time to time I have vivid color dreams, and even fewer of those, look like a reality.

So, when I started practicing meditation coupled with imagination and visualization of objects phantasia improved a bit, but dreams improved ten fold. But, soon as it improved a bit I stop practicing, I did not know why.

So, few weeks ago I started again, and few days I had a extremely sharp dream in which I saw viper snake attacking me, it was so vivid that I jumped out of bad. And while opening eyes, that image was still there, "snake" in the dark, on my bed.

So, my question is what if subconscious mind is doing it in order to protect us? Basically shutting down parts that feel unbearable for emotions to handle. Has anyone else had similar experience?

Additionally, when I have gimps during visual streaming (practice designed to improve visual imagination) objects are too complex and moving to fast, it is like video is streamed into my mind and I cannot control it. Last thing I remember is seeing some kind of very complex puzzle, element that was reshaping in breathing very rapid motion. Also those streams look more like AI generated visuals, they kind of looks as something but you cannot recognize anything.

Something like: https://twitter.com/revrart/status/1463518351498563585
and "Name one thing on this image" https://i.kym-cdn.com/entries/icons/original/000/029/455/Scr...

So, I guess if I would have those all the time, my sanity would be in question, so I suppose "slow conciseness" in order to sustain itself needs to "shut down" certain brain function, or optimize skills we used the most on expense of others, for instance I am good with imagining abstract things and logic.

I would like to know how to invoke those visualisations on demand, but it seem they just happen.

What I also find strange is that people who can vividly imagine, cannot recollect people faces.
On the other hand, I cannot describe any face, not even my closest love ones, but I can recognize them.
I could not describe anything to let say a police photo robot how crime suspect looks like, but I could pick it from the line among thousand of faces.

I am finding that very strange, it is like having one directional mind, in the sense you can understand foreign language (read/listen) but you cannot create your own sentences, write or speak.
Audio Distortion and THD Explained
Been using it for over 5 years, it's legit.
Changing consensus rules requires coordinating a fork. This requires coordinating developers, miners and node operators. That may fly in pseudo decentralised chains where the community accepts whatever the leader says so, and even so, at high risk. In bitcoin, for instance, where there is no leader, this would never be a viable scenario.

Soft forks don't force you to download and run new clients just to be able to use the network, which is an important difference. You can use your existing client, you just don't have the new features and don't run validations on them.

The greatest risk on soft forks is that chain split you mention. That's why any reasonable soft fork deployment requires a long time window with a large majority of hashrate signaling support (like 95%).
So that when you copy/compress/make disk image of/whatever a folder that you have customized (e.g. marked files as red or whatever or moved them in specific locations) they are as you set them when you or someone else opens them in another Mac.
All SMS 2FA is insecure by design / default
Schopenhauer: On Reading and Books
I second that. I ran such a business for 20 years and was grateful every day. It was a 4 hour work week-type thing, infinitely less stressful than answering to a bad boss or supporting corporate values I didn’t share.
Trusting trustlessness is the paper you want to consult with

https://www.cs.umd.edu/~gasarch/BLOGPAPERS/cbit-4-2.pdf
Anything web-based is easy to access for many. I wasn't suggesting IRC, just avoiding corporate spyware (the same reason we self-host).

Using GitHub is also bad, for similar reasons, even leaving aside the fact that Microsoft provides services to those who operate concentration camps.

Gitea, Mattermost, and Discourse (not Discord), all self-hosted, will serve your community better in the long run.
I'd never thought about idiot savant behavior quite like that before, but it gels really well.
agreed, I think this one comes from 12 factors apps methodology, see part III about config https://12factor.net.
All I know is the Bosch I got two years ago uses 3 gallons of water, 2 hours, and some rinse aid, and, in near (blissful) silence, cleans my dishes better than any dishwasher I’ve used in my 50+ year life.
".tar.gz" or how to tell the file was archived by a Linux user.
I think you have some fundamental misunderstandings of the term "centralization". And also of the way bitcoin works.

All transactions are not gathered in one place, ever. All nodes receive all transactions independently. All nodes are capable of providing a copy of the ledger for verification.

Transactions don't go through a server. Historical record gets finalized by any one participating node. These two things are not the same thing. The transactions that will be mined are publicly known by all nodes before they are mined. Mining only ensures that nobody can change them after the fact.

There is no concurrency, this is true. The systems we have currently are single threaded systems, and from a classical standpoint, hugely inefficient single threaded systems. But this is not the same thing as centralization.
Sure. But it would be very weird to use a position embedding here, when the whole point is permutation invariance.
I just realized that once my girlfriend (against all my advice...) gets her new Mac, these fuckers will show up on our NFS server, huh?

Does anyone know how to prevent that from happening? It's a non-auth NFS, so anyone on the network is supposed to see and use it. So a server-side solution would be preferable, but client-side will do in a pinch.
My father set up a brand new computer with the help of some friend. I remember they installed America Online, and then let me take a turn to try it out.

I think it was running Windows 3.1. I remember going on the “Kids Only” channel and glancing through something about Mighty Morphin Power Rangers.

This was using a 14.4k modem, and I think the machine was a 75MHz pentium with 8MB or 16MB ram.
> ... but understand they are experimenting with owning a parcel of land, in the middle of the desert.

Indeed, one with no water or access to water, or anything else.
I just have a junk instagram account to get around the login walls and get flooded with reset requests too. You'd think they'd be able to solve for this.
Instagram supports FIDO2/webauthn.. if I had an account I wanted protecting on Instagram I'd be using that (with a backup stored somewhere safe of course). You can get a $20 Yubikey Secure Key for that use case.
> switch to only doing training

Tell us more about this transition? Sounds interesting!
Very odd, I used some of these rare symbols a lot and thought they were more frequently used:

\varrho (ϱ) - for density
\varsigma (ς) - I don't remember for what, but the regular sigma was already used
\vartheta (ϑ) - In spherical coordinates

I think some of these are because these letters look closer to handwriting on a blackboard (the way it was written at my university at least).

I've also used a different kappa, because the regular kappa looks to much like a k, and the variant doesn't look like a k at all. Also, I've sometimes used a variant latin letter v, because the regular v in latex looks to much like a u.
> but once a piece of data gets confirmed... it can never be changed or removed from the blockchain.

But it can, in the exact same manner as described in this article: have an 51% attacker build up a long chain and hide it from the world; then publish it.

PoW is vulnerable to exactly the same type of attack described in this article. In order to build a longer chain with non-negligible probability, you need to stake at least 51% of the pool.
> It was voted for by 8000+ validators.

Which parts of this are checked by the client software, and which parts are just checked by interested humans in the block explorer?

There's a trade-off here. If you require 8000 guys to all vote in favor of your block, what does the client do if it only sees 7999?

> which wouldn’t be supported by any ETH1 deposits ... signed by 260k freshly generated public keys

You misunderstand. What happens if some of those private keys get compromised? In Bitcoin, if I sell my miners to someone else, it's not like they're radioactive waste that has to be buried. In PoS, someone can cause quite a bit of damage with keys that ostensibly don't contain any money. And because I've already withdrawn, I have no reason to care.