skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
V7 user 1978-1981 here. Reason #1 in the article is surely the main one -- it's the common evolutionary ancestor for the mainstream computing platform we use today.

I think V7 also played a part in establishing the OSS environment we're used to today. It was the first major production OS for which the source was freely available, at least until lawyers put an end to that. I think this produced a generation of programmers who had enjoyed that experience and hence worked to bring it back.
For what it's worth (although I'm not motohagiography) I didn't read your comment upthread as an attack on the commenter. Warnings about this stuff can be appropriate, because it's seductive. You did a bit of conclusion-jumping, but misreading the original comment was an easy mistake to make -- it's pretty dense.
Twitter thread from a vaccine developer: https://threadreaderapp.com/thread/1464222680731820043.html

A lot of speculation still, but it's not all bad so far.
They're offering payment plans on Dominos pizza now...
But if you're independently running, paying for, and managing multiple sites, it's a HUGE burden. It also kills innovation for independent devs and startups, and dramatically raises the cost/investment threshold for this kind of innovation.

Pricing on cert services is also far too high when everyone's concern and agreement should be security as a basis for operations. It's not something that should be an upcharge or income opportunity.

You buy a door lock for your home once, and it works as long as you don't compromise the key. If you buy a house, door locks are expected to come with the house in most circumstances.
Ask HN: Is discrimination to promote diversity okay?
I'm sorry that this is a controversial topic, but I've been feeling increasingly uncomfortable about things going on at my current and previous workplaces and I don't know where to turn for thoughts and advice. It's a subject that's hard to discuss with anyone for fear of being labelled, but I'm feeling increasingly stressed out and concerned about how far things have gone at times.

I work in software, and in the last 10 years or so the businesses I have worked for have been very keen to have more women and people from ethnic minorities in their engineering team. Over the last couple of years I've sensed a real change, where any concern about the ethics of discriminating based on gender or ethnicity have gone completely out of the window. Candidates that are doing well are literally being ejected from the hiring process because they don't help diversity stats. On more than one occasion I've seen a hiring manager with open roles tell a recruiter to not bother them with any applications from white males.

I really enjoy working with a diverse range of people. I've sensed a mono-culture sometimes in technical groups, often driven by a strict hiring process that only lets in people that think in a very specific way. I prefer to interact with all different kinds of people, although I admit that I'm not convinced that 'different kinds' has to be about race and gender (but it is a part of the picture).

Over the last decade I think there has often been an unspoken preference towards candidates that improve diversity, and I don't have a problem with this. It's always hard to find the right balance, to recognise bias and encourage and allow those applications to prosper. The nuance has gone in recent years, and it has become common for interviewers to think nothing of directly and openly identifying "white male" as a negative trait when discussing a candidate after an interview. I feel like we need a bit of a cultural reset, to re-establish the basic principal that truly discriminating against any candidate on the basis of race or gender is wrong.

To those that say, "Hey, it's just time for white males to find out what it has been like for women and ethnic minorities", I'm afraid this line of reasoning, that two wrongs make a right, doesn't hold water for me at all. It's unjust to discriminate against a young graduate today, and have them pay the price for bygone injustice.

I'm concerned that at some point I will inevitably have to either challenge something, and be labelled a bigot or misogynist, or live an increasingly bizarre existence with things happening around me that I consider to be clearly wrong.

So what's your experience? Are you comfortable with this phenomenon and is it a shift you remotely recognise? Should I just stop worrying and embrace this? Have folks that work in other industries seen a similar change?
> The beauty of a for loop is that you can do _anything_ with it.

That’s also the curse: a generic loop can be almost anything (looping over an iterable can't quite express anything, but it can do a lot), so seeing it tells you nothing.

C-style loops can do more (literally anything), and loop-over-iterable syntax has been generally preferred where it can be applied because it tells you more (even if only a little more) about what the block of code is doing up-front.

Constructs that are more specific than loop-over-iterable can be correspondingly more expressive.
Most concerning part to me is the threat of it evading the mRNA vaccines which use spike protein sequences.

One continued ray of hope: Paxlovid, the upcoming Pfizer drug, is designed against a viral protease and so we would not expect this variant to decrease this drug’s efficacy.
Security theatre, like washing streets with chlorine solution
Really goes to show that despite how good Edge looks on paper (and I am not denying the technical achievements are impressive), Microsoft are not listening to the people using this browser. Combined with the fact that a lot of people use it because it's practically forced on them[0][1][2][3], the whole model of this browser is egregious.

[0]: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=29251210

[1]: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=28108409

[2]: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=11961649

[3]: https://hn.algolia.com/?dateRange=all&page=0&prefix=true&que...
People who don't like proprietary software?
HN commenters hardly take their cues from that.
Oops, stupid typos. It might be intersting to see Jeorge RR Martin's characters in a buddy cop detective series.
Note the original ancestor comment I've reacted to:

> Jordan Peterson talks about many topics he's not trained in without citing reliable sources.

We should all have the right to talk about topics without acquiring official training. That's my main argument. You responded to facts which is a subset of this.

Re facts and misinformation, that's a hard problem and you are probably right that being required to cite sources would slow misinformation. I think the issue is that most online conversations are casual and this burden would absolutely kill them.

Given this trade-off, I suspect no online community requires it - definitely not this place. Then some random Joe comes along and says 'citation needed'. Which is trying to enforce a made-up rule. He may think it is desirable or that it should be required but it is not required and communities have mods for a reason. Maybe I'll add a comment from now on that 'citation needed' itself needs a citation.

I think the proper way to go about it would be something like: "I'm surprised about {FACT}, do you have a source I could check?". Without the assumption that the original commenter is required to do it.

- Even though I think we are arguing on different planes, thanks for your thoughtful response.
I wouldn’t be surprised, but I’d also need some reasonably strong evidence to believe it.
100 days + XXX days for the new approval of the vaccine.
blockchains are one
While this performance may be possible in theory, I'm not sure even the M1 will be efficient enough to comfortably wear on your head. I wonder if it will use a fan or if Apple will throttle back the processor in order to keep it from getting too hot.
Working on this myself, evolved from a personal notepad I built about 12 years ago. Inverting the data / app relationship is super powerful, it's not quite sufficient to live in alone though, I had to make my platform fit the base truth of known reality before it was natural and simple to live in.

Basically, a notepad that grandma and tech intelligencia can interop on is unbelievably powerful.
I don't see how that works because while you may construct parts of a yurt out of yak hair, you wouldn't throw a yurt using yak hair, although maybe you could with the help of the yaks.
When far more people are harmed by the indirect effects of the fire (fear, jobs lost, mental health issues etc) than the fire itself, then yes - I would encourage them to liberate their minds, embrace reality and start living.
Well, any time you buy with a credit card, you’re effectively doing the same thing.

I remember when they were rolling out credit cards in the US as a common payment method (late 90s)[1], and so for the first time you could put your McDonald’s meal on a credit card, comedians were joking that it felt like you were saying you couldn’t afford it all at once.

Which is not too far off from the reaction here.

[1] and to clarify, yes credit cards were a thing long before that but they were mainly accepted at department stores and for big ticket purchases, not fast food.
I am double vaxxed (6 months) and I sit in the most crowded coffee shops I can all day in a college town, no mask. Nothing yet.
That's a lot more mutations than we would expect to see from a naturally emerging strain, yeah?
Thanks I might just do that. I appreciate your honesty.
Shopify Reflections: Learnings on My First Black Friday
Skio (YC S20) Is Hiring
Javascript and Perl are different in that they allow a variable to change it’s type by reassignment (i.e. they would allow the X = S assignment for S == "A"), which PL/1 apparently doesn’t. Weak/strong typing and dynamic/static typing are different axes.
AWS vs Azure
I'd imagine that risk, if it's present, is from capacitors inside the meter. Capacitors inside tools and appliances can hold a large charge for a relatively long time, even after the circuit is no longer externally powered.

You can discharge a capacitor by shorting it with a screwdriver (with an insulated handle), or by clipping a resistor to the capacitor leads for a less abrupt discharge. I think people who do a lot of appliance repairs learn to look carefully for capacitors when opening appliances, and make sure that any moderately large ones (or ones that there was reason to believe could have been charged to a high voltage) are discharged before beginning work.

I don't know how common large capacitors are in multimeters. I think there's a much bigger risk when opening a CRT monitor or a microwave.
Getting a good thermometer, pulling it out the right after the breast hits 165F, covering the bird with foil and then letting it rest for 30 minutes was the key to getting a good moist turkey for us as well. We'd over cook it because previously we'd pull it out when it hit 165F and immediately start carving and notice uncooked areas once we got close to the bones. Turkeys are large birds and they will continue to cook even after removing them from the oven, the key is to find the point when you need to stop adding heat and let it finish cooking outside of the oven.
Obesity and malnutrition are two ends of the same coin. In industrial societies we subsidized calorie-dense products (in the US these are corn based), and mostly lead sedentary lifestyles even as children.

Kropotkin would have a lot to say about how children of the lower and even middling American classes are both overweight & malnourished at the same time. That's without even getting to the fact that 20% of children are "food insecure" in the wealthiest capitalist liberal democracy on the planet.

I hack because some rules were made to be broken. The rule that some children get to eat while others don't is barbarism. I never knew about "school lunch debt" until I immigrated to the US. How could I not hack in a society where many dogs lead better lives than the children (domestic & abroad)?
It depends. arXiv won't normally accept a LaTeX-generated PDF, but it will accept a PDF written in Word.

Particle physicists, cosmologists and astrophysicists almost exclusively use LaTeX (anybody using Word would get laughed at). In other fields of physics, Word is more common and also not everyone submits everything to the arXiv. It's an interesting cultural divide...
To most people in the world, "Vietnam" is not a war, and is not merely a symbol of absurdly misconceived incompetence.
Thanks for pointing that out. I didn't notice there were multiple cron jobs.
I've told you about two countries where this have actually been tried, I would expect you to dig into those to support your claim? I'm also swedish so I'm talking about the debate going on here. If you want swedish sources to translate I'm happy to provide those.
> 4. A named array is normally passed by reference, as in F(A). But if
the argument is not a bare name, as in F((A)), it is passed by value.

Visual Basic (VB6/VBA) does exactly this, with the same syntax (except without the outer parentheses if the call is a statement).
Heart disease has killed more people in the same time period, but the MSM hasn't stopped running Coke and Pepsi ads.
What an atrocious ad filled useless site. Original thread here:

https://twitter.com/sailorrooscout/status/146422268073182004...
The sophons are here
As someone that isn't content with their life, but has 15 minutes to brew coffee in the morning and savour the experience, you've made me appreciate how fortunate I actually am. Thanks.

Your goal is closer than you might think: I've found the time to brew my coffee when I quit the 9-5 rat race and I do remote consulting now, working my own hours. Good luck.
> This variant hasn't reached Europe

https://www.euronews.com/2021/11/26/europe-s-first-reported-...
It's called Capitalism.
"Things" is pretty broad.

Thinking of software, probably early "beta" Gmail. There was so much about the email experience that was improved by a stable web client, with what felt at the time like unlimited storage.

Thinking of hardware, I've never been much for Apple products, but the iPhone (particularly early models) is undoubtedly a design marvel.
It took a couple years for the 1918 pandemic to sputter out. We didn't learn to live with it, our immune systems learned to fight it off, and it retreated from being an acutely dangerous threat to being merely a chronic one.

The cost was millions of lives, because it was the only option- there were no vaccines or antivirals. But we have both of those now. The steady-state for COVID-19 will hopefully look something like seasonal flu, but it will take time.
You seem to have come up with a decision matrix (which is very different from my own), and that is much better than I can say for Canada's government!
I would agree with any streaming service. My main gripe is that if my network connection weakens and the streaming quality dips then a lot of stuff isn’t worth watching (especially in the age where everything is “visually stunning”). I can’t let it buffer or watch it later on a lot of services. I just have to tolerate a lower quality stream… no thanks, I’ll watch it elsewhere away from your terrible drm experience.
Your perceptions are accurate and you are not alone in your distaste of modern racism.
It's already been detected in Hong Kong, Israel, and Belgium. We're not banning travel from any of them.
Given a population of almost 8 billion and a six months head start you are now looking at a reservoir of many millions of people infected at any given time. Each of these will provide 1 to 100 billion new virions, and each of those is an opportunity for the virus to undergo a mutation, which RNA viruses are particularly receptive to because they lack the same level of error correction that DNA based viruses enjoy.

Edit: fixed bit about error correction, thanks somewhereoutth!
From this [0] list it seems there are a bunch of RSA root certificates, but they all use RSA 2048 or 4096, both of which are still secure (with 4096 having diminishing returns compared to RSA 2048 [1]).

The article was about RSA 512 which has been known to be weak and crackable for a long time [2].

[0]: https://github.com/eu-digital-green-certificates/dgc-partici...

[1]: https://www.gnupg.org/faq/gnupg-faq.html#no_default_of_rsa40...

[2]: https://it.slashdot.org/story/99/08/29/0213230/512-bit-rsa-k...
No.

10,000,000 times 50,000,000,000 (rough stab at # of virions per infection, range 1 to 100 B), is

500,000,000,000,000,000 opportunities for mutations so far.

You can take it to the bank that the number of mutations is far, far higher than the number that makes it to the press because the strains that end up dominating have already undergone a lot of competitive pressure by the time we notice them, so there will be a lot more strains that we will simply never know about.

Fun fact: the total mass of all virions produced by infected hosts to date is likely less than 10 kg.
Uhhhh it killed somewhere around 17-50 million people. I guess you’re technically correct lmao.

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_flu
I chose Rust syntax because it allows both chaining and using methods as functions, but avoided Rust-specific features. In addition to `collect` this example is missing `.into_iter()` that both examples would need: I interpreted `apples` as an iterator instead. Otherwise the first example would be clearer with a for loop.
this. Don't write your SQL into the database. Write them as scripts (starting with "drop XYX", then "create XYZ", check them into git, and treat them as code.

Migrations are for schema changes. Views and functions are not schema.
But the two philosophies aren't really in contention. Proper adherence to Postel's law also includes accepting malicious traffic (and then doing something reasonable with it, like black-holing it).

The "liberal in what you accept" part is mostly honest acceptance of the reality of the network: you cannot control the information sent to your service, only how you respond to it.
Not the slightest bit
Do you mean hard to replace DiY or hard to get done in a shop?
The issue is that worse-case scenario is really bad. If this a) has an R0 > 9, b) can evade vaccines, and c) breaks containment, I really can't imagine what will happen. Like I can't comprehend what will happen because it's so bad.

First of all, how would we lockdown? Completely ignoring any mental health effects, I don't see how lockdowns are sustainable, because of the economic implications and how they affect education. How the fuck are we going to produce goods and raise children without (minimal, masked) in-person interaction?

But the virus seems so transmissible, that anything below a full lockdown will almost useless. The virus could be so transmissible that even if people only go shopping and to work, and wear masks, it will still spread to everyone. Even if it's not that transmissible, I don't see how governments can institute anything near full lockdowns without something like martial law, because people are not going to want to lock down. So with an R0 > 9 it's going to spread fast.

Then if the virus is remotely dangerous, hospitals will be significantly more overwhelmed. Considering that hospitals had to triage from the last two outbreaks - I can't imagine how many people would die.

Fortunately, the worst-case scenario is still very unlikely. The virus does seem to be very transmissible. But it also seems like vaccines still prevent hospitalization and death, and the virus itself might be less deadly. The probability for any mutation to completely break resistance from a vaccine / prior infections is very, very low.

Lastly, there's still a chance we can contain and eradicate this variant. That's why scientists are holding emergency meetings, countries are rapidly instituting travel bans and infected people / regions will probably be quarantined. We have hindsight that we didn't in 2020, and we even have technology to do fast testing and contact tracing. So there's a chance that your life may not be infected by this variant at all.
The real question is why use 512 bit RSA when you can use 2048+?
Well, isn't the common cold the result of an endless stream of "curveballs" and thus why there's no prevention for it? That is, the virus that causes the common cold is actually numerous variants (not the exact same version of the virus).
The autopilot danger wouldn’t bother me as I would not touch it with a ten foot pole. I’d value the car as if autopilot didn’t exist. However, it appears that this issue occurs on use of simple cruise control?!

I cannot for the love of God bring myself to think it would be okay to just rely on the center touch screen for driving data purely because of aesthetics. It is unsafe. I’m scared that other drivers on the road with this fast car are going to drive dangerously alongside me :-(

Can’t wait for the other auto manufacturers to catch up with Tesla’s battery and motor tech though.
yeah. Postgres has functions, SQL Server has sprocs.
RAM is not the bottleneck, increasing it doesn't do much with that hardware. I have the RPi4 with 8GB and have to try hard to go beyond 4GB usage.

I hope the RPi5 will make a similar jump in performance as the fourth generation. Right now desktop use is kind of slow, but still nice because a good passively cooled case keeps it around 50°C without any noise.
> it strikes me as a form of gatekeeping

I consider this a form of gatekeeping of advice on using Kafka.
Coaxial cable connections in the US have such meager upload bandwidth that cable ISPs do not even bother advertising or specifying a minimum upload bandwidth.
> Saṃsāra, in both Buddhism and Hinduism, is something to be escaped

In other words it is something you have to deal with, you can't just ignore it. It is not something to be ignored. A company that helps us deal with Samsara is great.

And here if it is IoT and makes it easier to deal with "things" it allows us to escape the trouble of managing them.
After unplugging the power cord, I always switch the device back on with the main power switch. That should be sufficient to discharge the caps. It's never been a problem. Other than that, I just avoid touching anything close to the power circuitry. And, finally, I've survived many 220V shocks as a kid when playing with retired washing machines and such (I don't recommend it), 110V should be less shocking. :-)
You are absolutely not meant to do the updates manually.
We don't know yet, the number of cases this variant has been confirmed in is far too low at this point. You'll likely get a better idea of what that mix of mutations means in terms of clinical aspects and transmissions in a few weeks, most of the current takes are educated guesses based on what this variant has in common with the previous ones.
Acting like that's the only possible thing different about Covid restrictions just makes your position all the more comical.
The term "thread" has become fashionable only after 1990.

Nobody used the terms "thread" or "multi-threading" when PL/I was designed. Everybody used the terms "task" and "multi-tasking", with the same meaning.

So in PL/I you have "tasks" for what are now called "threads".

The most annoying feature of the C++ thread support library, which is inherited from the POSIX pthreads specification, is the pathetic operation join which waits for the termination of a designated thread.

This is almost never what you want. The most frequent case is to wait for the termination of anyone of a group of threads, which cannot be done with join.

Already in 1965, PL/I had a wait that could do anything that can be done with WaitForMultipleEvents/WaitForSingleEvent, i.e. it could wait for any or all of any combinations of a set of events, e.g. thread terminations.

This is such a basic feature that I cannot understand how it could have been omitted from the POSIX pthreads and in consequence also from the C++ thread support library. The other features of pthreads/C++ that can be used to implement such a functionality, e.g. condition variables, also suck badly in comparison with a good wait for events.