skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
"Is there a footgun here that doesn't have an equivalent in GCM?"

Maaaybe- if you're doing the composition yourself.

You have to differentiate between the AAD and the ciphertext somehow, and you can screw that up (e.g. not putting the split location in the AD, sending it unauthenticated instead), while if you're using somebody else's GCM implementation they hopefully handle this correctly.

If somebody tells you to "do AEAD with this block cipher and this generic MAC", it's tempting to just ... find an implementation of the block cipher, find an implementation of the MAC, and play legos- neglecting subtleties like the split location, proper key derivation, etc.

It's far less tempting to implement GCM by composing implementations of CTR and GMAC because ... where would you even find an implementation of GMAC that's not part of a GCM implementation anyways?
Will Geoengineering Kill Us or Save Us?
> Maybe one is slightly less poisonous, but we'd rather have neither.

Abstaining doesn't get you neither, though it does increase the chance of getting whichever one you want least compared to engaging productively (and that's assuming “engaging” is just voting in the general election, and not deeper engagement beyond the last-step, lesser-of-two-weasels choice.)
Edge does have telemetry [0], that's pretty much a given in any Microsoft product.

The control panel doesn't provide a way to disable diagnostic telemetry, but it can be turned off via group policy. Then there's more options for MS service in "Privacy, search and services" to be disabled.

Edge is more like altgoogled than ungoogled.

[0] https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/deployedge/microsoft-edge-e...
It's got Monero donations too, I'd consider it the culmination of Web 3.0 so far as well.
Demystifying Webpack
Do you know how previously unseen numbers in the prompt are encoded, probably the same way? Then GPT3 can not do any math at all, unless the specific numbers were seen before?
1. do you agree that an industrial economy can run on windmills and solar?

2. do you agree that nuclear is a sustainable and necessary solution?

3. do you agree that mining provides massive incentives, on huge scale, to nuclear power developers?
No, it definitely (but unfortunately) will not. Nix does everything docker does better than docker does, except most crucially, integrate with non nix tooling.

Nix vs Docker is like Rust vs JavaScript - you can point out every reason js is terrible and rust is better, but for the common developer looking to get things done, they’ll often gravitate to the tool that gets them the biggest impact with the least upfront investment, even if that tool ends up causing major predicable headaches in the future.
Wait until his handlers get to him, he will change his tune. The mid term elections are coming up.
Fair enough, I’ve edited my comment (I haven’t used Brave besides ~2 hours of trial months ago — I won’t use any Chromium browser more than that when I can help it — but that’s no excuse to leave misinformation up). Still, those promotions are more in line with the ones that Firefox is filled with (Pocket, Google and Amazon search, etc.), not really the same type of thing as Google’s banners and youtube autoplay videos, and AIUI they only track the referral source (Brave) not the individual user (a defining distinction IMO).
Right on. Loved your comment. Share most of your perspective on it. Have no regrets at having paid $500 as a Roam "true believer".

But.

There's room for -- no, stronger than that, there's a need for -- variations on a theme and an ecosystem of tools
for thought that learn from each other and contribute to the rising tide that lifts all boats.

Athens is basically Roam only OSS; Roam's creator deigned to bless it as a "vassal app", but I wouldn't bet against its staying power based on the power of open source. And Obsidian (hands-down my favorite, and presumptive long-term foundation for my PKM system) offers a profound value proposition: start with offline, local, markdown files on the filesystem and OS of your choice, and layer in plugins to implement the best features of other tools at your discretion.
Does it matter what we see in Canada our Europe? I wouldn't surprised the USA has a highest percentage of entrepreneurs because of multitude of other reasons than healthcare such as capital, regulations and values/spirit. I also believe free healthcare would decrease the barrier to entry to starting a company, it would make the USA an even bigger entrepeneur centric country. Now, would the USA be better with universal healthcare in general, I am not sure. I live in the USA (almost 6 years), born, studied and worked 6 years in Canada.
This is precisely why I've switched to Firefox in recent years. It's quite good these days. I don't even have Chrome installed on my current personal PC.
I'm not sure how far policy makers expect to get when the corner stone of public policy everywhere seems (to me at least) to hinge on forcing individuals to try in some particular way that they may not be willing to allocate resources (i.e time, money, labor, knowledge, skills, etc) for weak incentives in return.
Someone needs to write a book "C++ The Good Parts", similar to Douglas Crockford's "Javascript the good parts".

C++ is insanely bloated and complex. If there is a book distilling the best and cleanest parts of the language, I might give it another look. Haven't considered it in earnest since College.
But the mind set strangely is super conservative in that regard. I've struck out and done my own business and most of my regularly working Canadian friends thought (and still think) I am crazy. Effectively most people in Canada work quietly for years to retirement and then...retire. It's pretty safe and easy -- though ultimately super boring.
Something that gets me is how to even get started down the path of being your own boss. The insane networking required to keep up a contract queue is a lot. I'd love to setup an ecommerce business or side business, but there is so much clutter out there on the internet about getting started, it's hard to find the needle in the haystack for how to do it right. I'm a web dev with about 10 years of experience, but my business know-how is basically at 0. Anyone have suggestions on where to start?
If your interested in digging deeper into building docker containers with nix this is my favorite post on the topic: https://thewagner.net/blog/2021/02/25/building-container-ima.... Essentially you can use any nix package (including your own) to create the environment.

And if you really want to understand it, Graham Christensen (the contributor of the buildLayeredImage function) wrote a really good blog post on how it works: https://grahamc.com/blog/nix-and-layered-docker-images.
Why on earth are you making excuses for a public company?
Solar wind contributions to Earth’s oceans
The original FIRE movement was all about living frugally, fighting lifestyle inflation and western hyper consumption, and saving like mad in order to invest early and take advantage of long term compounding.

It's become perverted in recent years by high salaried hyper consumers who have started idealizing "fatFIRE", which is really only achievable by a small group of people.
md2blog automatically adds the following meta tags: description, keywords.

The "keywords" tag includes both the post's category (derived from the parent directory name), as well as any keywords specified in YAML front matter.

I don't use Twitter/Facebook, so I wasn't aware of Open Graph. That might be worth looking into. I'm familiar with the concept, but didn't realize there was a standard.
There was, however, ingots of aluminium among the French crown jewels for a while.
Maybe this is a less biased source? Dr John Campbell: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9bamaEMftg4
Let's take a look at some winners in winner-take-all markets, Facebook, Google, and Amazon.

Is Facebook's dominance due to regulatory capture? No. (You could argue lack of adequate regulation, but that's not what we usually mean by "regulatory capture".) Is it due to bribery? No. Collusion? No.

Same with Google. No, no, and no. Amazon? No, no, and no.

(You could make a case for collusion with Microsoft...)
Sure once you have solid revenue and a repeatable business model, but it certainly costs enough to have an impact on people just starting out. When I quit my job to work for myself in 2019 I was choosing between $600/mo COBRA or nominally cheaper marketplace plans with absolutely terrible coverage, just for myself. I had plenty of runway and software development is in demand so it wasn’t a huge burden, but with a family it could easily have cost $2k+/mo. I’m sure that’s enough to dissuade people from trying new things, especially in niches where it takes longer to get to profitability.
Good question! I'm not sure I can get back to exactly the same input I originally used. Part of the experimenting I did involved erasing some of the original comment and altering it to see how it would impact the generated code.

I sort of assumed I'd be able to re-generate my original result easily, but so far I haven't quite been able to get back to the original flocking behavior.
In my experience corporations and employment are for "socialising profits". As skilled developer I can make good money on my own. In employment I have to sponsor admin stuff, less productive coworkers, shareholders...

Corporations are basically form of social welfare for most people. In past there were less unproductive people attached.

I don't buy risk being shifted. Housing or gold is very conservative investment, and it had good returns.
CD box sets are wonderful
With what, 60 million gig workers in the US? Around 38% of the labor force, I think- you'd think the total self-employed number would be higher.
So they just don't get healthcare? Or are you suggesting an additional welfare system to cater to those subsets specifically?
Every company I’ve ever worked for except one (which folded shortly after me quitting) had asked if I was thinking of coming back. But yeah maybe with attitude like that they won’t
Decentralization is not about how big the players are, but how replaceable they are. PoW mining is identity-agnostic: anyone who owns the mining equipment and knows how to run it can participate. Players are maximally replaceable, a point which was demonstrated quite remarkably when China shut down Bitcoin miners this year.
I think it’s simply confounded by all the other regulations those countries have.
Wow, how did this one get past the HN flaggers/censors?
Carbon taxes can very effectively reduce the amount of carbon-emitting energy used by bitcoin in jurisdictions it is enacted.

How to coordinate a global carbon tax seems like a much bigger problem than cryptocurrency. At 0.5% of global energy use, even if crypto mining was magically eliminated in an instant, 99.5% of the problem would still remain.

Also, feels weird to try to address this problem on the demand side instead of the supply side (which has much more direct influence). Machine Learning training is power intensive and location-insensitive, but it feels odd to worry about 'how to enforce carbon taxes on ML training'. "Which uses of energy are economically profitable" seems tangential to "how much carbon is produced by energy generation".
Thanks for this!
There's a lot be said for filling in the gaps and majing use cases and value propositions dirt-simple to calculate and share.
Agreed. Promising to meet or get back to someone and then never communicating again is ghosting, but you haven't promised to reply to every spammer who gets your contact info.
> Stripe is preparing for an IPO,

I was thinking the same but this interview from Stripe’s CEO says otherwise.

https://www.cnbc.com/amp/2021/11/23/stripe-very-happy-stayin...
> How much does this bridge benefit the local community where it is built?

Why does a bridge have to benefit the local community? Why not eg the wider community?

> Can we bring the design closer to the layman? Can we for example design a bridge so that it will visually degrade in step with safety degradation?

What's the benefit?

> I have to respectfully disagree on this one. Humans in general have become spectacularly bad at maintaining physical infrastructure across longer timespans. Technological advances have enabled a cheap/fast/overbuild culture. This very much includes the design phase.

You say this like it's a bad thing. If stuff becomes cheap enough to build that every generation can afford to build their own, that's much better, isn't it?

Your comment emphasis closeness in space a lot, with talks of local community etc. So why not emphasis closeness in time, too? Surely the people living at a particular point in time might be best place to judge what infrastructure they need; instead of having to forecast hundreds of years in advance?
Many Europeans told me they preferred hiring contractors early on because the potential cost of a bad hire was just too much for a startup.
Wouldn't you say the same thing about file io, or, just about everything?

Networking is an extremely standard need, making the standard library a good place for it.
I wish.

I get that and all the crypto morons pushing NFTs to the point that the platform is almost unusable. I'm mostly on there for food ideas.
You could be right, I am thinking of California, but that's a very tech-centric position and I admit to my bias.
It's not funny. If you tell jokes that aren't funny you end up like this

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7IrB1OE9Blo
When we design classical control systems, the performance limitations are well understood. If we do not exceed the limits, we expect the system to be well behaved. By contrast, DNN/CNN based systems can be a bit of a black box. We can only evaluate performance empirically, not analytically. It is difficult to know where in the input space the failure modes lie. It is difficult to then build the larger system around it, because you do not know were the keep-out zones are.

I think a study of the failure modes of CNNs shouldn't be interpreted as an all-or-nothing evaluation of the technology as a whole, but rather a step towards gaining some confidence regarding its reliability. A lot more work needs to be done before I will trust it to drive my car.

Regarding the use of CNN's for autonomous driving, I think it is insane that people are trying to do this by trying to solve a VERY hard problem, i.e. making a machine that can do what the human brain does. Your neural net does not have enough labels to account for all possible scenarios. Instead, it would make more sense to redesign the infrastructure in a way that bounds the problem space. The current system is designed for human drivers. We should make a system that is easy to interpret for both human and machine drivers. Of course this infrastructure would benefit all car makers, not just the first mover.
Alden, the author, has another article on Bitcoin and energy use.

“Bitcoin's Energy Usage Isn't a Problem. Here's Why.”

https://www.lynalden.com/bitcoin-energy/

Also, fraud is absolutely everywhere. Everywhere.
>it's sure been lucrative for Mark

I don't hear many FB shareholders complaining either, I wouldn't claim equal voting rights on my few shares even if I could (please don't crucify me HN, I'm just a tiny fish that dislikes the company but likes the stock). On paper, supershare structures are not a great thing for the common shareholder as it makes their shares basically free of voting rights when the CEO (or united group) holds such a supermajority. In practice, a strong operator like Mark gets more leeway to steer the ship with fewer barriers and inside power struggles. Imagine if the board stopped him from buying IG or WA, these purchases were very controversial at the time and many thought he was a lunatic for paying such a steep price, it only looks genius in hindsight. When/while it works, it is an effective governance structure.

Notable that these types of structures are no longer allowed, companies like Facebook, Google and Berkshire (no super-majority here) got grandfathered in.
HKDF requires HMAC, and you've got Blake3's KDF mode as well. Personally I'd get 2 keys using Blake3's KDF, then use one for Blake3's MAC and the other for XChaCha20.
I mean, the vast majority of Americans do that, too.

Entrepreneurship and self-employment are scary.
Casey Muratori whose game project I think is the original inspiration for the Handmade community over the years also has streamed hundreds of hours of building a game entirely from scratch, I've learned quite a lot from them.

https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLnuhp3Xd9PYTt6svyQPyR...
I, for one, am sick of subsidizing people who will decide to play video games and smoke weed all day with our tax dollars.

IIUC, one of the best predictors of a person's earning potential (which we can of course use as a proxy metric for their worth to the economy) is the wealth of their parents. So, why not quit funding public schools? It's two birds with one stone: only those who choose to have children will be responsible for paying for the services they receive (viz. tuition for an education), and we eliminate a subsidy for undesirables who (statistically speaking) are much more likely to become welfare leeches.

That's what I call a win-win.

edit: rather horrifyingly, this sarcasm is going over people's heads (my fault, of course). See https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=29388282
This is a dubious way to rationalize bigotry against a demographic and it doesn't even address the original hyperbolic and bigoted claim.
Actually, no. Volatile scent compounds are are dramatically smaller than virus particles. Hydrogen sulfide is three atoms; coronaviruses have roughly two hundred million atoms. You can smell a fart from across the room, but you're not getting E. coli from it.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1121900/

> He asked a colleague to break wind directly onto two Petri dishes from a distance of 5 centimetres, first fully clothed, then with his trousers down. Then he observed what happened. Overnight, the second Petri dish sprouted visible lumps of two types of bacteria that are usually found only in the gut and on the skin. But the flatus which had passed through clothing caused no bacteria to sprout, which suggests that clothing acts as a filter.
You are getting down voted because $445/mo is too high - especially for couples with a child.
I do think Google does evil things.

But not the same things the ex-employees are protesting.

I guess it's subjective.
Where does the idea that prices are a function of value even come from? Even the most basic high school microeconomics course must teach students that prices are the intersection of supply and demand curves.

And it is trivial to see one’s self deriving great value from things like eating fresh fruit and produce and drinking clean water, but not paying anywhere near its “value” for it.

Edit: replace the word value with utility in my comment to get a clearer idea of what I am trying to convey. Value is too vague of an idea to use for this topic.
Space mirrors would probably be more economical.

I can imagine this being done by redirecting equatorial sunlight to the poles so the net power incidence remains constant.
I agree! Also look at your city, school board, and state level. That's where a ton of real impact happens and people don't even know it.

And unfortunately the Republicans are amazing at taking our accomplishments, twisting them into a lie based fervor for their gain. Obamacare is a great example before these bills. a more pessimistic viewpoint is that they go further and force bad situations to help win elections by causing or extending pain (default drama, covid, state benefits)

On potential Build Back Better bill, it won't be 2T not even as drafted. I would bet just over 1T if it even passes at all. AND it will be paid for if it passes. But all the news reports lead with 2T massive spending bill.

Mitch McConnell refuses to help increase the debt limit and they are messaging that Dems are have caused all this debt and forcing all your home costs to skyrocket. Despite the fact the transportation bill was bipartisan and so was all the covid stimi. that message is SUPER effective. inflation is a tough topic but the debt is a flat out lie. A ton of our debt is from Republican tax cuts. THEY should be helping pay that bill!
That’s certainly one element of what’s happened in the USA… but I was trying to keep a more global perspective as the fact we are clearly watching the development of what may become an endemic infection like the seasonal influenza virus waves currently are makes it more clear than ever that in the long term this is a massive global issue we need to be coordinating better on.

The global nature of the situation makes any solutions focused on a single nation and their own citizens inadequate as they will just be eventually defeated by the natural mutant strains developing elsewhere. In fact “more doctors and nurses and hospital beds because we’re just going to let it happen” is the only local to national level strategy that has any long term ability to make a difference if the virus continues on its course to become endemic.
> Does it matter what we see in Canada our Europe?

Well yeah… if we’re going to repeat the same thing and expect to see a certain outcome, we had better see that outcome where this has already been implemented. It’s the closest thing to a crystal ball that we’re going to get.
This. Health insurance is indeed quite expensive in the US but, from a self-employment standpoint, it is just a cost like any other. You can get good health insurance for a family of 3 (middle aged parents of a teenager) where I live in the US for around 25k-30k/year, including the out of pocket costs for moderate usage. This is less than rent for said family in a lot of the big US cities.

Nobody wants to "pay rent twice", and it can certainly be a lot harder to stop working when you have a big recurring expense like that, but it's possible to plan for it. Depending on the business you're getting into, it won't be your top expense.
The base hurdle to be entrepreneur w family is $2.5-5k rent + $2k health for family + food and clothing per month- just to break even.
> So if music is a superstimulus for something, it's probably a superstimulus for speech.

Speech is a superstimulus for something, it's probably a superstimulus for music.
Music came first. Mimicry > Dancing > Music > Speech is my guess.
The JIT'd ARM code pages are W^X, and that's not optional on macOS ARM. But W^X was opt-in on x86 macOS, so for backwards compatibility Rosetta can't require the x86 code to implement it in order to function.

So your model of how Rosetta works is off - the translation would need to support remapping the original code page read-only regardless of whether the x86 code did so, and letting a subsequent write invalidate the JIT cache of that page, instead of relying solely on the emulated process to implement W^X.
> On the other hand, their faces are hidden now,

Having a name and face didn't exactly help pre-social media, see Rush Limbaugh and the rise of dishonest & polarizing media post-fairness doctrine.
> The other 2 submissions, which were both flagged, seemingly on the basis of Reddit’s

I suspect your mind-reading is flawed.
> The implementation of AMD64 is in software. It knows about page executable bits. The 'x86' code knows about them.

Where did I claim anything else? The thing I claimed the x86 code does not know about is the pages that contain the translated ARM code, which are distinct from the pages that contain the x86 code. The former pages are marked executable in the actual page tables, the latter pages have a software executable bit in the kernel, but are not marked as such in the actual page tables.

> Again, how do you think things like V8 and the JVM work on Rosetta otherwise?

Did I write something confusing that gave the wrong impression? My last answer says: "x86 execution bit semantics are implemented, but on a different layer".
in the 70s, blue collar workers were not competing with 2 billion workers that were happy to 2 bucks an hour.