skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Auto updates are a big security risk themselves, it is a matter of time before someone manages to hijack a major distribution point like that (Windows, Chrome, Firefox?). Once that happens we will probably review this.

Also: who is to say that Apple, Google or Microsoft manage to keep their keys secret? Not all thieves would be stupid enough to tell, and nationstates tend to hold such advantages on ice until they have a good enough reason to use them.
> while your fingerprint is unique to you,

Has this been proven to some degree or is it merely a conjecture.

I suppose by now, governments have collected enough fingerprints to pretty much confirm this, but I haven’t seen any studies.
Hopcroft & Ullman[1] is generally widely recommended. I only just got my copy a couple of days ago, so haven't had a chance to dig in yet.

The Sipser book[2] is also generally recommended as being very good.

[1]: https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0201441241/

[2]: https://www.amazon.com/Introduction-Theory-Computation-Micha...
Others have mostly answered it.

As a 486DX owner (IBM PC compatible AST Advantage), I was aware of the lower price point 486SX chip, and the difference was that the latter did not have hardware support for floating point calculations. In marketing jargon, the 486DX had an "integrated math co-processor."

I was also aware of the previous generation also using DX/SX designations, and until recently, assumed that the SX designation also meant a lack of a math co-processor, when instead, it simply meant a 16-bit data bus, compared to the 32bit data bus of the DX chip, and that neither DX or SX variant of the 386 had dedicated hardware for floating point calculations.
It could probably be automated more. It's just that most NixOS users have low interest in automation .deb -> Nix conversion since it's not something you actually run into often as a NixOS user.
That's interesting. I agree that the concept is important and that's why I avoid begs-the-question. Most of the time it doesn't communicate what you hope it does.
Note: I had to disable uBlock Origin on the page for the "run" button to actually run the code.
The start-up in the Berlin garage is hampered in its ability to make money via advertising vs the US-based Google (or Facebook, Twitter, Pinterest, Reddit, Snapchat, Amazon).

Unless the plan is to go straight to the US market, to domicile there and to hire employees there to get started, as it's a radically more lucrative advertising market than the EU, in part thanks to GDPR.

The US market still largely has a comparatively laissez-faire approach to advertising, personal information and privacy. In the US you can still build a tech juggernaut in the way Google and Facebook did, by way of rather invasive advertising practices. You can't do that in the EU today, zero chance. In the US market you can jump-start a company that way, and if you have to later on you can look at dialing back or changing your exact business model. You don't have that option in the EU, you're far more heavily restricted, it cuts off your ability to liberally utilize a gigantic advertising market in the way US companies can. It provides US start-ups a big advantage. You set up in the US, grow into the huge US market, then use your resources to go into Europe and comply with their various requirements (along with paying their slap-on-the-wrist fines inevitably).
> Indeed, but for some reason it still feels odd.

I think putting the CoC into the repo is mainly to clarify that it applies to discussions on the issue tracker. If GitHub didn't also do issue tracking and other things where actual discussions occur, there would probably be fewer CoCs in repos.

> Measured tolerance and forgiveness are both important virtues

There are a small number of extremely toxic people in positions of power who will abuse "forgiveness" in order to deliberately commit an unending series of abuses on a string of people. People kept "forgiving" Harvey Weinstein for decades. The line between tolerance and enabling can get hard to distinguish, especially when someone has enough power to control the narrative.

So a community must be aware that its tolerance mechanisms can themselves be maliciously abused. But the alternative—intolerance and being unwilling to forgive—ends up harming the larger number of people who are fallible, do hurtful things, but can be remediated. It gives less room for people to be human.

Finding the balance between these opposing forces is hard. A maximally efficient and happy community is one of complete trust between all participants. But that is also the definition of a maximally vulnerable and exploitable one.

> But, also, I've always considered OSS a hobby scene rather than a business model or resume booster.

That line got really blurry when open source ate the world and many large tech companies now work heavily with open source. You have many employees (like myself) who work on open source projects full time at work. And you have others who work on open source because it helps them find employment at companies that use that code.
I’ve found that multi-paradigm languages are often frustrating because they don’t enforce constraints.

One of the advantages of a language like Erlang is that it mandates immutable data, and can both optimize for that and give the developer an easier time reasoning about where changes can and can’t occur.

Python teases with its newer functional features, but any time you pass a data structure off to code outside your control you have no guarantees about what will happen to it.
The only thing I expect in 2022 is a new iPhone and probably a new macbook air.

There are too many variables to say anything about what happens in a given year.
Ew. At the beginning I was expecting it to be somewhat interpretive, but some of those statements are indefensible to me, and there's quite a lot.

Some might attempt to explain it away as Twitter's model and ecosystem encouraging ill considered statements, but the adult response to that is to take more care in what you say or stop using the medium that encourages you to say horrible things you regret.

Edit: I will acknowledge the data I was looking at is a few years old, and I don't know if the person in question has since recanted on those views. I believe people change and should be given the chance to leave their past misdeeds behind, and I have no knowledge one way or the other if that happened here, and that would be important to know to have an informed opinion.
They also posted the resignation on the Rust subreddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/rust/comments/qzme1z/moderation_tea...
> maintain participation in the digital economy.

I think your logic is reverse. There is an asymmetrical advantage for companies like Google and Facebook.
That's only for nonspecific persons, where it does indeed seem natural.
Both times I have quit my job with nothing else lined up have been stress-filled disasters with a dreadful financial countdown timer. I would never do it again. The second time, our savings left us about 1 month away from my wife and I living in our car.

This thread has been unreal! I don't know who these people are who can just leave their jobs and go off to windsurf in Ibiza, but congratulations on how fortunate you are! I think the rest of us have bills to pay that can't be deferred, a need for health insurance, a family that likes food and shelter, and maybe a few months of an emergency fund. I would certainly not use an emergency fund to go "find myself" in Bali.
in general, i believe in the effectiveness of running communities via benevolent dictatorship. a group that has good reputation among the rest of the members, gets to decide how disputes are resolved / who gets silenced, etc., without having to justify themselves against a byzantine set of rules. for many open source projects that hope to be used by the wider world, this governance model is unacceptable though.
Sure but the GOP are pushing extremely hard to ensure that it's even more not fair and not free.
Almost no one? Based on what?

Most people where I work are not going in to the office every day, but it cannot be inferred that it is because they don’t want to.

The thought of permanent WFH, with your job occupying a corner of your 600 sq ft apartment in perpetuity, is demoralising. Just having the option of a change of scenery, even if one doesn’t make use of it every day or even once in a given week, makes a huge difference.

In my opinion the pushing of permanent WFH by a certain privileged set is an obnoxious display of housing privilege. Of course that group has a big house in the countryside among the birds and the trees, where they don’t have to deal with neighbours, traffic noise, or other distractions. But that doesn’t entitle them to make those decisions or project their opinions onto the rest of us.
> This is a pretty good take. Although I'd further emphasise: knowledge of Linux is "necessary but not sufficient" for using NixOS. NixOS requires additional knowledge, rather than a different set of knowledge.

You can use NixOS to learn more about Linux quite well. You can't really ruin everything by mucking around at the low-level. Just rollback to previous generation. I've definitely learned a lot due to NixOS allowed me to hack with impunity.
Composerize – convert Docker-run commands into Docker-compose files
Python Web Scraping Libraries to Mine News Data
Nice, I've added a link to my calendar to check up on this work a year from now.

As described, it seems as though it would work just as well for traumatic brain injury as well. Either way it would be a huge boost in the quality of life for a lot of people.
I assume you mean Regulation (EU) 2021/1232 (legal text: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=celex%3A... , press release: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/en/press-room/20210701IP... ) that got approved in July this year.

In my opinion it is not a fiasco at all. It simply allows the current pre-Dec-2020 practice of voluntary screening to continue for a limited period of 3 years (so they have time to get a proper permanent legislation in place). Privacy rules changed in Dec-2020 that made voluntary screening effectively illegal, hence the stopgap.
What do you think a moderation team ought to do in a situation where code-of-conduct violations are happening and they can't do anything about it? To stay and not say anything publicly would leave outsiders with the impression that everything is fine and that whatever is happening has their personal stamp of approval. There may be valid reasons they don't feel at liberty to name the parties and say what's going on.

To leave an organization might be their only recourse. Sometimes doing the right thing is necessary even when the outside public is unable to independently confirm that one is doing the right thing.

We have no idea whether the mod team resigning was the best choice, but I'm willing to entertain the possibility that it was. And if they are resigning due to a real problem, then that problem is much more likely to be addressed and resolved by the new moderation team now that the community knows that an issue exists.
You just said there was one canonical length for strings then gave me 4: bytes, code points, grapheme clusters and characters, each of which applies in a different context.

I’m not 100% sure what context characters even apply in on a computer other than interest sake.

Invisible/zero-width characters are not interesting when editing text, and character count doesn’t correlate with size, therefore there’s no canonical length.
Controlling Mainframe Software Costs
>Huh only in America it might be considered OK to execute a person for a theft of an automative part.

We used to hang horse thieves and for the same reason. Theft of someone's transportation is a serious matter. It's not about the theft itself, or the 'auto parts' it's about depriving someone of their ability to be employed. To feed their families and themselves. To maintain their residence.

These are not small things. Try to take these from another and there is a common law right to stop that theft by force if necessary. Choices have consequences.
Most of Nix's complexity is intrinsic and not incidental. It's just that it makes it explicit instead of implicit like every other OS & package manager (many of which don't actually solve a lot of important problems and instead rely on the user to keep things consistent and working.)
California has a lot of cities. Most all of the complaints about homelessness or crime can be fully avoided by moving 15 minutes away. In fact, most of those big problems are concentrated in two or three major cities.
So the startup in the EU can't play fast and loose with my data to get rich? And that's bad how?
I recommend the Explanatory memorandum or the PDF version of the document [0].

I've posted this as I remember reading the whole document in 2015, and have seen the HN story [1] for increased surveillance from the EU.

[0] http://assembly.coe.int//nw/xml/XRef/X2H-Xref-ViewPDF.asp?Fi...

[1] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=29308617
Idea:

Surf what's busy.

Legacy brick and mortar retailers from October to January. Mail order would probably find your specific skills very interesting.

Lawyers and tax guys need a paperwork-focused professional to help out from Feb to April.

County parks and rec pays $15/hr to show up on time, sober, and mow park lawns every day from May to October or so.

A temp agency in general might be very helpful.
Dictionaries numerically number definitions for the same term to denote multiple contexts
Then you better hope that you have an ear to the ground.

The reason why plots get uncovered is usually because someone is stupid, not because of some exceedingly clever bit of code breaking. And let's be thankful for the fact that terrorism wouldn't work if all they were aiming for is mass death of their foes because for all of the fear that terrorists manage to sow they are cumulatively less effective over the course of 40 years than three days worth of COVID deaths,
The other issue is that a really aggressive price cut hasn't happened yet because SpaceX doesn't have any competitors that can cut prices to match.

Why cut further when you're already the cheapest?
GDPR would be dead for me the instant this should became law.
Seems kinda relevant!

https://tikolu.net/emojimix/%F0%9F%A4%A7+%F0%9F%8C%8D
I am completely serious.

Curtis Yarvin is a bellwether - the sort of person that any group that starts excluding people for ideological disagreements, would probably exclude first precisely because his position is so problematic. So any group that accepts his technical contribution can obviously be trusted to tolerate any less-severe ideological disagreement. Conversely, any group that doesn't, especially when they have to make up nonexistent concerns to do it because their rules didn't cover this "obvious" reason to kick someone out and couldn't be hastily adjusted, must be viewed with caution.

I personally don't hold any beliefs nearly as objectionable as that. But I do hold objectionable beliefs - as I believe any halfway interesting person does. And those who don't, probably will eventually. Just stand by your convictions and give it time.

See also LambdaConf's conclusion on why they should allow him to participate anyway: https://degoes.net/articles/lambdaconf-inclusion I agree with this article fully.
That gives a view into what happened yesterday. Being able to eavesdrop on comms can tell you what will happen tomorrow.
Yes, this makes good sense.
Well even natural viruses are not considered technically "living", so there's a lot of confusion between what current science calls a thing and what the common understanding of that thing is.
https://domains.google.com

Also a long time happy customer.
I think the "extended mind" view makes sense but also gets way more complicated in the presence of computers that have capabilities beyond just information storage and retrieval (i.e. knowledge "that"). Knowledge "how" to do something can be much richer, especially when the things we partly know how to do are often about interacting with computers.

People learn arithmetic in school, but often become functionally dependent on calculators or computer. When this happens, I don't have the sensation that I "knew" the right answer, or that I did the calculation; clearly the device did the work. The separation is apparent.

What about when a script or tool you use every day does something you could in principle do on your own, but the computer is far faster and more reliable? Do you feel you "know" how to typecheck your code? Or to resolve dependencies?
Fingers crossed.

I suspect Christopher Reeve had a hand in this somehow. Creating awareness and motivation to work on this.
On iOS and iPadOS the weather app displays the information (you will have to scroll.down from the location).
Lightweight and minimal tools and services to build a personal website
I'm reminded of an old bit by Joel Spolsky of Stack Overflow, where he outlines — in extreme detail — his designs for the old Fog Creek offices. It's very clear that he put more thought into these designs than the work that most interior architects I've encountered have bothered to perform.

https://www.joelonsoftware.com/2003/09/24/bionic-office/

https://stackoverflow.blog/2015/01/16/why-we-still-believe-i...

(remarkable that cubicles used to be our idea of office hell, and now just seem like an unimaginable amount of personal space)
> in two or three major cities.

In two or three neighborhoods of these two or three major cities, should I add.
Or err heavily on reducing the release of the guilty, depending on the region.
Books I loved reading this year
I think what people sometimes mean when they say "HN is toxic", is raging incompetence paraded with confidence (and getting upvoted), which I've seen many a time here. Similar to reddit.
>when there are many different topics competing

The number one thing competing from legislature's time is creating soundbytes that make them seem tough. So many bills are intentionally politically infeasible because people vote for politicians based on what they say rather than what they accomplish. They don't have any time left to learn about areas that they aren't particularly passionate about, so they'll just listen to that intelligent-sounding Amazon lobbyist has to say about how a bill would destroy a million jobs.
I used to say the same thing, but then I was hired at a big company to work on products that needed to handle Arabic, Thai, Devanagari and Bengali.

They don't have a proper concept of characters and diacritics count as a character, not as an accent so you have verticality in a string!

I've come to respect the unicode spec as something with a lot of inherent complexity that you have to understand to work with. Your inner voice will scream "there has to be a better way" all the way through the project, but there actually isn't, you just have to accept that human language and writing is complex and representing it in software is equally complex.
I know the old version from memory, but there is nothing in there that say it was ever short for windows emulator. It is quite clear from the history that it was named not emulator since day 1, to emphasize that it doesn't have true emulation layer that will make it slow.
I wrote about this 7 years ago. The SaaS model defeats most of the purpose of open source:

https://sandstorm.io/news/2014-07-21-open-source-web-apps-re...

We need some easier way to self-host. But my attempt at that (sandstorm.io) didn't find product-market fit.
We need to rethink water usage before one of our biggest resources dries up
> The basic principle is that your negative rights are a prohibition of what others can do to you.

Agreed - rights that are guaranteed by prohibiting certain actions, i.e. you have a right to $FOO, meaning that $BAR is prohibited.

Compare with:

> They conceptualize rights "negatively", as things the state shouldn't take away from you.

The formulation seems a little different: you have a right to $FOO, meaning that $BAR is allowed ("the state shouldn't take [$BAR] away from you").
More than any other factor, water will determine how fast and how large Utah’s economy can grow in the decades to come, according to Melissa Renolds, an attorney specializing in water rights for Salt Lake law firm Holland & Hart. In most locations on the Wasatch Front, businesses and cities have staked claims to more water than actually exists, Renolds says, putting cash-rich, data-thirsty tech companies on a collision course with climate change. Downstream, a circular problem has emerged: minerals extracted from the Great Salt Lake could hold the key to powering our digital future, but only if the lake continues to exist.
I'm inclined to believe the rust moderation team even though they haven't disclosed any specifics. The way the core team exercises absolute authority in spite of community complaints has always rubbed me the wrong way. They present a facade of caring while crushing dissent.

I do not recognize most of the core team these days, but Steve Klabnik and Ashley Williams stand out as likely culprits. I have personally submitted an email with the Rust moderation team to complain about Klabnik (and also mod-team member Andrew Gallant) and their abrasive behavior on reddit. Several months later I received a response stating they agreed that Klabnik went over the line and that they would warn him. Meanwhile Ashley "kill all men" Williams has an extremely lengthy reputation for her behavior in open source[1]. When it was announced she was joining the rust community team, there was a large push back from the community but the reddit/discourse mods censored everything[2][3] and the core team chose to let Williams join despite the complaints about her history of racism, sexism, and antagonism.

[1]: https://archive.fo/f10KK

[2]: https://old.reddit.com/r/rust/comments/7nx3cm/announcement_a... (https://archive.fo/ISXJF)

[3]: https://internals.rust-lang.org/t/announcement-ashley-willia... (https://archive.fo/9yW9I)
Pre-web, you basically had a lot of reference books, used external libraries very judiciously (and there were relatively few of them anyway), and generally kept software stacks pretty simple. And, yes, probably took a lot more time.

More generally speaking, most people today would be incredibly frustrated getting information about anything generally if they were plopped down 30 years ago. When I was a product manager back then, we paid consulting companies large sums of money to get the most basic competitive information faxed to us because you couldn't just look it up.
We do have an alternative to animal testing. We can use humans who are desperate enough to volunteer to a medical experiment knowing that it might not work and could potentially make things worse. The purpose of animal testing in situations like this is to catch early problems before the final human testing. Computer simulation can do a lot to minimize the need for animal testing, but I don't think we are there yet where we can go directly from a simulation to human testing.

I do not however like to view it as medical utilitarianism. The testing will happen regardless if the test subject are human or mice, because people do still want the medical cures. People are however less sad if an experiment accidentally killed a bunch of mice than if a bunch of human test subjects died. Historically people tend to use military service men as test subjects, which is why much of medical knowledge is based on test subjects of a specific gender (male) and age group (20-35). Not that long ago (~1950) people also used people with mental disabilities and orphans. Going just a decade earlier and people used prisoners and war and people deemed unwanted. Hopefully computers will one day replace the need for testing.
Honest comment: I thought the UK was pushing these kind of laws to the EU. I am actually surprised that the effort is still there after Brexit.
It's just 14". Are you sure you need 4k?
Cryptography shortform had 100 years to bubble up higher in the lexicon and didnt.

This fight is over. Just accept a second context, the second being the more obscure cryptography definition