skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
My experience with Flatpak is okay, the payload by runtimes is okay and it works. What worries me is the actual amount of files within /var/lib/flatpak, for 23 packages (apps and all depdencies) it is about a half million files. This a problem, moving /usr now takes a lot time. I think Flatpak applies well for checking out new applications and closed-source binary applications. You don't want many closed-source applications within the official package-mangement and the core system, it also prevent their publisher to create distribution specific packages.

Good things require always hard work, there is no magic solution. I appreciate API and ABI stability and slick package management of Linux distributions. The work of developers and package maintainers make this possible. This is the reason why Linux is efficient and comfortable. This is not a magic solution but work. And it makes efficient distributions possible.

The grass is green on the other side?

On Windows you have to install all automatic updates or new applications will not run. If you don't do this you will face errors about missing C#-Runtimes or a C++ Redistributable. And application developers need to ship dependencies within the application. This is the reason why Windows is so fat, why applications are fat and the usage of a permission system is not possible. The article doesn't states this.

MacOS on the other hand? The break compatibility every few years. MacOS Classic to MacOS X, Quartz, PPC, Intel and finally M1.

Android and iOS had the luck to be new. Permissions work, if they aren't requested all. But still, iOS fails to provide file-system access, file handling is burden for users and backups are impossible. Apps haven grown quickly into being fat. Garmin Connect, an app which cannot do anything without cloud, 340 MB. Do yourself a favor an check what your banking app requires, you won't get away with less than 200 MB and only the good ones can show you our balance locally - which requires how many kilobytes to store? Messengers like Signal are also growing an growing, Signal is right about 170 MB.

Back to Linux:

I can only appreciate the path to system wide ABI/API stability on Linux, with Systemd, GLIBC, LIBSTDC++ valuing stability and the recent changes around Gtk3 and Gtk4 the situation may become even better. I think Flatpak can be improved, it should be improved. But we don't need another competing standard, before we didn't tried hard to improve the existing solution.

I hope that at one day Canonical will start collaborating with the community and especially Red Hat, they always implement a less favorable solution (Mir, Unity, Snap, Upstart...) lose and harm Linux. Collaborate with Flatpak, add a payment solution and share the revenue with Red Hat and others?
Tell HN: I've been using Brave for a solid month
I've been using Brave browser for a solid month now, I installed it October 25th and forced myself to use it consistently for a month. Generally I'd say:

- Feels snappier than Chrome, could very well be my imagination but I don't see it killing my laptop nor do I find I get tabs locking up, these things both happen once or twice a week with Chrome.

- Ad management in Brave is very aggressive and frequently have to "turn down shields" (a button to turn off all the blocking) - this ends up being an issue on my brokerage platform, condo management app, stuff like that but it's easy to turn off.

- Google translate support is horrendous. Chrome can real-time-translate a page, even a chat window as it's scrolling, picks up live changes in the site and translate them. tl;dr google translate in Chrome is very good.

- Credit card management in Chrome seems for some reason to be more elegant, I've yet to manage to get it to work well in Brave.

All in all I'm much happier using Brave, it seems like a faster less bloated browser that doesn't destroy my laptop, (and I feel less and less comfortable with google), so this is a good alternative for me, I don't envisage going back any time soon.
This uses a proprietary service as the "scalable chat app" part. I can't help but think that calling this an "open-source [..] scalable chat app" is somewhat misleading.
In that case, you'd just buy a streaming stick or settop box, like a FireTv, AppleTV, Roku, or AndroidTV box.. These are a small-ish percent of the cost of a new TV.
AMD and Nvidia literally cannot make enough product to meet demand, even after jacking up prices and using two different processes at once. Yet we're pretending that they couldn't design for only one lithography and that's why they couldn't get their orders first? And let's not pretend they couldn't do it in time, AMD was in the first running for 7nm, and they have a 5nm version of their GPUs that Samsung uses. HiSilicon is obvious, they wanted to produce as early as possible before US sanctions hit and were ready to pay any price for that.

And AMD/Nvidia are direct competitors to the entire M1 line.

By the way, AMD die size production only for the next-gen consoles in less than a year is equivalent to ~100 million iPhones as they use 4x more silicon, and that's in supply constrained conditions. AMD and NVidia absolutely can move more wafers than Apple, they just got outbid by a company that can buy them both.

The issue is that we're in a market where Apple can afford to pay suppliers so much that other companies literally cannot afford to compete. Their positions in the market is slowing down technological advancement.
I am thankful haemoglobin can carry so much oxygen without the iron in it turning to rust. Otherwise we wouldnt be able to breathe.
Well described here,and i have no affiliation
https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/102010332
I was referring to regular old-school features on the remote, the 1-9 buttons, channel/volume up/down, power on/off etc.
That’s reasonable, I guess. If that is “capitalism” (with negative connotation) then what is more fair alternative to this?
Tell that to the tuskless elephants that appear to be evolving now...
The rhino book is a good dead tree reference.

https://www.amazon.com/Mathematical-Notation-Guide-Engineers...
Came here to say the same thing harshly and laced with profanity. I guess I can back off a bit from that now.

I was filled with crushing disappointment when I learned mathematical notation is "shorthand" and there isn't a formal grammar. Same goes for learning writers take "shortcuts" with the expectation the reader will "fill in the gaps". Ostensibly this is so the writer can do "less writing" and the reader can do "less reading".

There's so much "pure" and "universal" about math, but the humans who write about it are too lazy to write about it in a rigorous manner.

I can't write software w/ the expectation the computer "just knows" or that it will "fill in the gaps". Sure-- I can call libraries, write in a higher-level language to let the compiler make machine language for me, etc. I can inspect and understand the underlying implementations if I want to, though. Nothing relies on the machine "just knowing".

It's feels like the same goddamn laziness that plagues every other human endeavor outside of programming. People can't be bothered to be exact about things because being exact is hard and people avoid hard work.

"We'll have a face-to-face to discuss this there's too much here to put in an email."
I agree with the rest of this, but I'm not sure about 4. If you're new to a system, you don't have a good sense of who "really needs" access, and in particular you don't have a good sense of all the terrible, awful, dangerous things that are nonetheless delivering business value.

Maybe person X built system A, and is now working on system B, but remembers a lot of details - keeping their access to system A can help you recover in an emergency. Maybe someone wrote a monitoring job (or worse, a deployment job) that runs as themselves. Maybe someone has read-only access to a system and is using it to ask occasional good questions to the team that actually runs the system. Maybe team C has a formal API but it doesn't work well so person Y informally got access to C's database and it's making system D able to run at all, and it would take a few months of effort to fix the API that's supposed to be there between C and D.

And, more frustratingly but no less impactful - maybe there's a senior person who likes still having access to system E, and making them mad will cause political problems for you and impose burdens when you you try to make any other changes, which gets in the way of your ability to solve all the other problems that you need to solve.

Your priority in the short term is to keep the business running, not to improve things. Insider threats are real, but they are much rarer than all the other reasons your business could get in trouble. If you don't have a good understanding of your tech debt and why the tech debt exists and how quickly it can be paid off, focus on that first.
If you move certain topics to later age, you should make sure there is enough time left, because school isn't forever. The knowledge can be a prerequisite for another knowledge, which is a prerequisite for yet another knowledge, so if you move things too much, it can lead to "oops, no time to teach this at high school at all", and then you teach formerly high-school stuff at university, which again means you need to cut corners at some university topics. (It also means that kids who don't go to university, will not learn the formerly high-school stuff.)

Whether this indeed is the case, need to be discussed separately for each topic.

> Finland's educational system, widely considered to be one of the best in the world

Finland achieves good education of the average student by sacrificing the potential of the best. For example, look at their results at international mathematical olympiad: the last (and only) time they had a gold medal was in 1981. They are below-average not just compared to the developed countries, but globally. This is intentional; Finnish students who are "too good" at math are strongly advised to focus on other subjects instead.

https://www.imo-official.org/country_team_r.aspx?code=FIN

Now, we can discuss whether it is better to focus on the average students, or on the best student. (In my imaginary utopia, we would provide the best individually tailored opportunity for both. In reality, no country seems able to achieve both.) An argument in favor of the best students is that we need people to invent new things.
They don't have to buy TSMC a fab, they simply have to pay (slightly) more than other TSMC customers - and Apple with its uniquely high margins can afford to do just that. Of course, depending on other details of the contract (such as guaranteeing certain volumes, which Apple can also do much more easily because they use the chips themselves), they don't even have to pay more to be TSMC's preferred customer.

Actually I would put the blame squarely on AMD and Qualcomm for making themselves dependent on TSMC - especially AMD who have turned themselves into a "fabless manufacturer" and are now experiencing the consequences...
There is a psychological aspect too. Show people 10 results and they'll actually look at them. Show people 100 results and they'll not only quickly scroll through them but also skip the top results, which is counterproductive.

The big sites have definitely AB tested changing the results per page and have stuck with 10 for some user metric driven reason.
A bike trailer paired with an ebike opens up all kinds of possibilities, like bringing home groceries, carrying your pet dog (!!)[1], going picnicking, etc. with or without a child in the trailer. It can eliminate the need for a car for these short trips as you mention.

[1] https://ampedcycling.com/how-to-use-a-dog-bike-trailer-with-...
Before we go hog wild with regulations, let's wait until there's a database of vertifed major injuries to innocent people with these rascals on their electric bikes.

(I am not a fan of overregulation. In the USA we have made practically everything illegial.)
A recent demo of Nushell given a couple of weeks ago:

https://media.handmade-seattle.com/nushell/
Champion Maker
I found this Champion Maker made by HN, apparently... How to make an account there?
Yeah, sure, a random guy in youtube that gets an opposite conclusion to all the established tech press review teams.
They haven't, in the level of generality you imply. The ruling was much narrower: that Apple doesn't have a monopoly in the market of "digital mobile gaming transactions".
Removing people using UTF-8
That’s a terrible situation from a capital efficiency standpoint.
Well this is far from wordplay.

I don't get what you think makes a text adventure puzzle less worthy.

A puzzle should work well in the medium that it's presented. A complicated math puzzle that you suddenly need to solve in Call of Duty is pretty useless. A puzzle where you need to recognize patterns in an image, presented in a text adventure where the image is just described in (many) words is equally bad. A puzzle in a text adventure that's about words and language seems like a great fit.
The type of questions you are mentioning are basically saying different people would need different configuration options and come up every time you design any complex technical feature that is going to be used by millions of people. These are mostly product and UX questions, and NOT engineering ones. The only engineering problem I can think of is the latency in getting real time billing information.

The way you usually solve this is by having sane defaults, and giving users different mechanisms for configuration based on how complex their configuration needs are. This can take a tiered approach.

As an example, simpler and straight forward things (such as disable egress traffic from S3 if the bill exceeds X) can be in the UI itself. Then, for customers who need more control, an option to configure via json or yaml similar to cloud formation. For anyone who needs even more giving an option to call a customer defined lambda function would give them the ability to at any metrics and take appropriate action.
Aha. Interesting. So you're saying an Indian engineer should earn the same salary as a Californian engineer if they're both bringing in the same revenue?

Interesting.

But it won't happen.

Or... you're not suggesting Indian engineers are worse, are you? Because that would be kinda racist.

On the other hand, someone living anywhere in India on the same salary (per contract) as someone living anywhere in the US is earning a higher net paycheque because CoL in India is lower.

Oh my! What should we do to resolve this?
> Due to some [reason], an overpopulation calamity hasn’t yet happened and we might coincidentally stabilize at a level that’s somewhat close to what maximizes average utility...

Given the birthrate trends in developed countries, it's more likely the population will peak and then decline as prosperity spreads. The cause isn't hard to discern - child labor laws - they turn children from potential assets into guaranteed liabilities.

A declining population will be a bad thing; our modern way of life is built on systems that depend on growth (from Wall Street to our tax structures to the various Social Security safety nets countries have in place); take that away and we will have real problems.
The AWS Well-Architected SaaS Lens covers different strategies nicely (the concepts are of course independent to AWS): https://docs.aws.amazon.com/wellarchitected/latest/saas-lens...

I wonder how well row level security policies really work. There are many interesting articles in the AWS documentation for this e.g. "Multi-tenant data isolation with PostgreSQL Row Level Security" https://aws.amazon.com/de/blogs/database/multi-tenant-data-i...
> Bob bought a house this year. He paid $500,000 even though it should've been $200,000. […] If you cause his house to be worth $200,000, as it ought to be […]

An honest question: why “should” or “ought” the price have been $200k, instead of the actual selling price (assuming that this was a typical price for a comparable home in the area over the same time period)?

Who gets to determine the canonical value of real estate, and how is this somehow more fair than market consensus?
I find quite interesting how you frame Apple designing good SoCs as a nefarious plot to take over the world and somehow kill companies they’re not competing with. That’s some impressive mental gymnastics.
> I can't fathom how people grow up in cities with no access to nature,

They don't, in general. compared to suburban or even heavily utilized rural areas. Neither farms nor manicured suburban parks are any more nature than cities are.

And cities can be as proximate to natural preserves as anything else can be.

If you don't mean actual nature, just green outdoor spaces, cities often incorporate and provide access to them.
> my grandma was afraid of Linux, until I showed her that fish can autocomplete

Unknown user on discord
One can look at the source code to a program, the libraries it uses, the compiler for the language, and the ISA spec for the machine language the compiler generates. You can know that there are no hidden unspecified quantities because programs can't work without being specified.

When you get down to the microcode of the CPU that implements the ISA you might have an issue if it's ill-specified. You might be talking about an ISA like RISC-V, though, specified at a level sufficient to go down to the gates. You might be talking about an ISA like 6502 where the gate-level implementations have been reverse-engineered.

You can take programming all the way down boolean logic if you need to and the tools are readily available. They don't rely on you "just knowing" something.
> One main cause for this belief is that in a programming there is one true noation

And then there is SQL.
MACLISP had another register optimization that was possible on the PDP-6 and the earlier models of the PDP-10 (the ones with the KA-10 CPU).

Those machines had an address space consisting of 256k 36-bit words. The registers shared that address space with core memory. Addresses 0-15 of the 18-bit address space referred to the registers, and addresses above that referred to core. The core memory had memory for words 0-16 but it was never used because the registers overlaid it.

In fact if you wanted to save a little money your could order your PDP-6 or your KA-10 PDP-10 without registers and then register accesses would go the words 0-15 of core.

This worked both ways. If you put an address in 0-15 in an 18-bit memory address field it would access registers. In particular if you loaded an address in 0-15 into the program counter it would execute code out of the registers.

MACLISP and others would copy some short time-critical loops to the registers and run them there for speed.
> it is just simply easier to put down vegan's and vegetarians quickly

Then please do that elsewhere. HN strives to be a place for constructive discussion, not putting people down as fast as possible.

> I am not interested in the ecological benefits

I know plenty of people who limit their meat consumption due to ecological concerns. You may not care how the planet looks in 50 years but many people do and do so strongly enough to male significant changes to their lifestyle. (Which of those changes are actually effective is a whole different question.)
> The article does make a brief callout to 'anti-theft', and yeah, can confirm that this is important, but not sure what the best approach is.

From my experience, the absolute best thing is "out of sight, out of mind", so park your e-bike in a dedicated parking garage at work, or in a locked shed or inside your home, if at all possible. I live in an area with loads of bike thefts, and luckily this has saved me so far. I would almost go so far to say that I wouldn't use my e-bike unless I knew in advance that I could lock it up somewhere off the street.

https://ampedcycling.com/where-should-i-park-my-electric-bik...
Samsung’s foundry, obviously. Choosing Apple meant letting go of old guard players
It is a pretty good song, and I like the juxtaposition of the lyrics being about fighting depression vs the upbeat catchy tune.

Does Poland still have state-controlled media? I'm Polish (living in the US, though have visited 2x) but wasn't aware that still existed there.
Flagged as right-wing propaganda.

Get vaccinated!
I'm a big road cyclist, so I really want one, because they're COOL, but I have ZERO use case for one.

1. My wife and I both work at home. No commute.

2. Because COVID, we have leaned towards either delivery groceries, or larger shopping trips done less frequently to avoid unnecessary exposure. A major shop-up is too much for a bike.

3. Our climate here is really really unpleasant for about half the year, so the quickie trips we might opt for a bike (e- or otherwise) become car trips by default if you don't want to arrive sweaty and disheveled.
I've been riding a VanMoof in Berlin since May and it has been broken in some way almost all of the time. Wouldn't want to switch for any other bike regardless, it's that much fun.
The language type system doesn't quite support that yet in all scenarios. As of php 7/8 it's getting there but for what you are describing you'd need to use a static analysis tool still unfortunately.

Here's two of the most common ones. These are very mature and are very broadly used. Most editors also come with some support for these annotations so you often get help in the editor when something is wrong.

https://psalm.dev/docs/annotating_code/supported_annotations...

https://phpstan.org/writing-php-code/phpdoc-types
Hi there! Our solution, Valinta, improves hiring through structured interviews and data-based evaluation. We're now in public beta and hope to receive as much feedback as possible. So, feel free to sign up and try creating your first interview project on the platform!
Happy Thanksgiving back at you
> I dislike maths notation as I find it lacks rigour.

I see this a lot from programmers, but in essence, you seem to be complaining that maths notation isn't what you want it to be, but is instead something else that mathematicians (and physicists and engineers) find useful.
50k is what you make in Europe as a top tier engineer.
Well... Shit.

There goes my free time for the next 6 months. Need to brush up on intra-system component networking and figuring out how to make graphics cards dance.

Must... Become... Massively... Parallel...
Alt sources for this story: https://duckduckgo.com/?q=Kylie+Kremer+burner+phone
So here’s my position on that:

For the longest time I thought “when they crack the encryption, BTC will instantly turn to value-less dust” and so therefore thought it was limited to being of short-term use BUT the technology does not matter in a sense. Because the chain of ownership is clear and transparent, BTC (and other blockchains) could switch technology in an instant and still maintain the record of value.

Through this lens, I’m not at all concerned about bugs or forks because we’ve reached a point where the majority of the network is focused on the absolute correctness of the ledger. Everything else might as well be a mosquito on the highway.
You are wasting resources by using classical surveillance
That's a hard place to be in, for those in that situation, know that at least one internet stranger cares enough to chat for a bit - emails in my bio.

Can't promise to respond instantly, but will respond before I go to bed tonight.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G2y8Sx4B2Sk