skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
From a report on the cultures and politics around the Anthracite Coal Mines at the turn of the 19th century, which is linked below and is probably the most fascinating piece of journalism I have ever read:

> Why the Mills Have Come to the Coal Regions

The factory inspector will tell you, “The mills locate in Anthracite because they all employ girls, and girl labor is cheaper here than anywhere else.” A glance at a “textile” map of Pennsylvania will show that wherever there are miners, there cluster mills that employ “cheap girl labor.”

Besides silk and hosiery a local feminine industry is the manufacture of the fuses or “squibs” which are used in coal blasting. The statistics of the nine counties of Anthracite count up 11,216 “females” employed in them, 2,403 between 12 and 16 years of age.

The perjury certificate prevails for the girls, as well as the boys, and I estimate that 90 percent of the 11,216 females are girls who have not yet reached womanhood. They work ten hours a day, and the majority stand all of that time, having a chance to sit only in the noon hour. This brings on a characteristic lameness in the girls during their first year at the mill. The report of the Secretary of Internal Affairs of the State places the “average daily wage of children between the ages of 13 and 16” employed in the manufacturing of underwear at 47 cents, in hosiery mills at 46 cents.

https://wynninghistory.com/2021/03/27/children-of-the-coal-s...
No, "trust" cannot be eliminated. You can smear it around, like pretending that 51% attacks are impossible, or pretend that no one will ever put fraudulent data on the blockchain.

Frankly, it's less trouble to trust a transparent central authority that can be held accountable rather than trust 100% of the population to always obey the rules.
It's really not... Password reuse, other breaches, there's many ways a password can be leaked that isn't bruteforcing. Considering how low the barrier to entry to 2fa is, there really is no excuse these days
Ask HN: Suggestions of Joyful Reading Material
Reading a discussion of a proposal to implement history pruning for the Ethereum blockchain (https://reddit.com/r/ethereum/comments/qzvsfq/impromptu_technical_ama_on_history_expiry/), I noticed that reading Vitalik is always a joy. I’m far from being an expert in blockchain and economics, but something about the way the guy explains complex and abstract ideas just clicks for me.

What are some authors, blogs or books that trigger this on yourself HN?

For me the topic is not important, but I prefer to read about physics and tech in general.
XPC sync is not in fact async underneath in recent macOS versions. It’s a severe performance pessimization to use async in many cases, because sync propagates thread priority and async often can’t.

You don’t seem to have a full grip on the reasons for the intermittent hangs you’re experiencing. Can I suggest two things?

1 Grab a sysdiagnose during one of the hangs and file a feedback report with Apple

2 Use the `sample` command line tool to see what’s actually hanging a particular process for yourself
Interesting, I did not know about that. Thanks.
The legal bar for probable cause in the US is higher than almost anywhere else in the world.

If you're saying that cops and judges collaborate to get search warrants based on evidence they both know was obtained illegally... sure? It probably does happen on occasion, but I doubt it happens nearly as much as you seem to think it does.
> What exactly is "bare-metal" about this?? :)

In this context, this means running K8s nodes directly on the hardware.

As opposed to running the nodes as virtual machines. Normally VMs are used in the context of cloud providers but it's not uncommon (with beefier hardware) to run k8s as VMs in datacenters. Deployments on top of OpenStack, Azure Stack or Anthos are common. As is ESXi. It's another abstraction layer, but that gives you easier handling of things like storage and, in some cases, networking.

> More recently, the definition has confusingly expanded to sometimes include an operating system, but without a hypervisor.

That's exactly it - the definition has expanded.
Flash memory devices use the CS line as an integral part of the protocol. It is definitely not optional.
I don't know what was originally written, but here is from Ashley Williams (@ag_dubs) Twitter bio:

> a mess like this is easily five to ten years ahead of its time.
@rustlang
core team. slinging open source strategy at
@pubstruct
. she/they
Yeah, as someone who watches the California fires live, Google was very late to the game with this one and their maps aren't very detailed. There are dozens of good providers of MODIS and VIIRS maps with loads of additional features (like histories) that update immediately. Google's is the most bland and slow of them all.
Britain is a small, poor country that can't afford anything that any more. When it was first considered, back in the 1890s when Britain was the world's super-power, it might possibly have been feasible.
I think it’s a net win for personal hygiene to not have to touch a menu that thousands of people have touched before you, right before you start eating. Maybe keep the QR codes, but have menus on demand for people who prefer them?
I'm RSI-adjacent (never diagnosed, but flat keyboards give me pangs after a while) and have a ~6 year old home-made Ergodox currently, and really like it (though I have to admit, there's a definite cognitive overhead switching between QWERTY on my laptop, productivity-focussed split, and gaming-focussed split that gets annoying sometimes). At the time I built it, it seemed like a cheaper way of checking if one of these things would help than grabbing a Kinesis.

I've been kind of thinking about upgrading for a while though, and there's an accretion of new features building up that are starting to make the idea seem a little less wasteful. The new generation designs like this that have an integrated screen for extra data _really_ appeal (my Ergodox is pre-RGB/backlighting, so you can't tell the keyboard's state at a glance); that, combined with hot-swappable key sockets, novel input mechanisms (rotary encoders for volume/Lightroom control!), the sort of tenting support the ZSA Moonlander supports etc. are all pretty exciting.

I've never quite managed to convince myself to spend time on keyboards as a hobby, but I'm so grateful others love it.
Or will shift out something completely different, like the response to the last command they received, just FFs so you can three wire in the general case, or even just garbage.
I don't think it makes sense to have a CoC beyond "Don't be a jerk" until you have multiple teams and more complex governance structures.
In my experience has been that there exist essentially 2 types of SPI, one addressable by CS, the other (more i2c-like) by the first byte (CS still required to frame the transactions.

I'm working with one of the latter type at the moment that's even worse, it daisy chains chips with each editing the address as it passes through until it hits one where it's 0, they share a CS and a wired-or interrupt, but avoid the need to have 32 CS pins
Looks like about 0.5 decades (factors of 10) per decade.
I'm very much in favor of Blackstone's Formulation[0], myself.

What you appear to be suggesting would very much be against that.

If I misunderstand you, please correct me.

[0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blackstone%27s_ratio
You are right I'm sorry to perpetuate anything bad. Thank you for your views and wisdom
But then we're back to the various pros and cons of Metal and Vulkan. A counterpoint would be that yes, it lacks the atomic primitive, but Vulkan's low-level design means that games would be less optimized for future devices if their developers stopped supporting them.

An example of this would be how Metal runs on AMD GPUs, Intel iGPUs, and now Apple GPUs. Would a Vulkan-based implementation that was originally written for AMD GPUs be as optimized for Apple GPUs as a Metal implementation would have been? What about 5 years from now?

My point is that there are minute details that are benefits and drawbacks to both, and the decoupled loopback would be one of them. I wouldn't be surprised if there are algorithms Metal can do but Vulkan can't.
A Michigan woman tried to hire an assassin online at RentAHitman.com
More Software Isn't Better Software
I actually doubt that. Unless they also ship massive number of very specialized and power weapon systems.

Planets are big, like absolutely massive. You can easily catch up, specially if you get intel on inevitable failures of first movers.
Every generation has their utopians, from the Pythagorean's vegan communes, to the US hippies in the 1970's. The only time massive change has happened relatively overnight has been revolution with enormous, unified support of an impoverished population, see: France.

This is the latest incarnation of the the 1970's SF hippy commune ideology. In that it makes broad sweeping claims without many citations or substance beyond oversimplified truisms. I expect to see "BioSphereX-Now with more crypto!" any day now, except without Steve Bannon (yes, he was actually involved in BioSphere 2 in the 80's).
That could make for some interesting blog posts
A few things:

1) To the point of bad faith

a) Why is "cutting plant leaves is obviously nothing like cutting animal limbs"? Is it because animals can't regrow limbs and plants can? Doesn't that lead you down the road of 'torture is an animal-based concept and you can't torture plants'?

b)'Plants routinely stay juvenile their whole life' precisely because they are deprived light, frozen outside, or lack access to water. Sometimes humans do that, WAY more often it just happens because of where a plant is rooted. And to be clear, bonsai does NONE of those things, the point of bonsai is to keep the plant alive as long as possible!

c) Do you suggest that bacteria can be mistreated? Why is bonsai torture and hand sanitizer is not? Pivoting to fungus, do you realize what we do to yeast in order to make bread/beer? Is that torture? And before you make an exception for food, we do not need beer to survive.

2) >some plants are clearly individuals with their own habits and preferences.
>why you're going on about anthropomorphizing plants (especially when I didn't talk about humans at all).

Maybe you have a very loose definition of 'individual,' but I think you forgot what you wrote.
You're gonna publicly confront this person who has reached out to you? I think you just lost a lot of goodwill from the participants of this discussion.

It actually makes me wonder how responsible you are for the misfortune you've experienced in your career.
If you want a batteries included framework, maybe take a look at ember? [1]

It tries to automate a lot via the ember-data module (which also makes queries automatically, e.g. left/right joins etc) so it shines with its predefined rules, lots of former rails people seem to contribute to its ecosystem these days.

[1] https://emberjs.com
> One of my pain points is the interaction of the load balancer (metallb) with the router

That part is incredibly annoying. Wondering about that as well. The ideal solution would involve something like a CSI driver that could talk to the router directly, as is done with cloud provider APIs.
(at least for those who followed).

Once the powers that be regarding the colonists realized ownership issues were going to be had with the indigenous population, those relationships didn't go so well though. that's what I meant by those who followed. "Hi, here's a lovely friendship blanket" doesn't speak well for relationships with those indigenous people.
There's homing h/j key for it, though I rarely need it.
No, I don't, but at the point where you're integrating a UART, adding a couple of logic gates on the data input doesn't seem too much of a stretch.

I'm not saying using UARTs instead of SPI is a good idea! I'm just saying the reason that it's not a good idea is not because UART's don't have /SS inputs.
This is the fundamental truth that creates the isomorphism between cash and crypto, something a younger me didn't understand. Fundamentally there is no hard "truth" in a crypto system anymore than there is one in a fiat system. At the end of the day it's just one particular reification of a useful societal construct. Or to put it more succinctly:

We live in a society.
Search for the Corne-ish Zen, I think you'd like it.
Totally! To be fair, I would not trade it for anything. I saw things no person had ever seen in the world. It's tough when you're in there though, the feelings of no escape really get to you.
I have the Moonlander split keyboard, and absolutely love it. But the problem I constantly have with split keyboards is keeping them aligned the right way. Each half is constantly being pushed and shifted or rotated slightly on my desk so it feels like the alignment is a little off every time I sit down to use it. The infinite adjustability is definitely a perk but I feel like I should be taping them down once I get them set up
If your app is stateless; FastAPI. Otherwise Django all the way (with some cloud managed SQL, if you are not into hosting it yourself). Remember backups.

Put in on a VM, deploy with Ansible, and call it a day.
If you want an all-in-one, which it sounds like you do, I'd look into something like Nuxt and VueJS 3[1]

If you don't mind separating them out (which lets you use different tools for your web tier and your middle tier) I'd probably use a combination of a static page driven by VueJS on the frontend and Golang on the backend for the API.

[1]: https://v3.nuxtjs.org/getting-started/introduction
ASK HN: How does PayPal Key work?
Why can't the card be chosen dynamically instead of linking one card to paypal key.

Can some one point me to any available documentation on how technically this works when paypal key is used on a transaction.
You can reason about the same reality in various different terms, and the choice in terms shapes how you see the world. I don't think it's easy to argue that one concept is the true concept from which all concepts inevitably derive. You can just as easily think of things as parts of a whole as objects in an emptiness.

In some languages the name for door is the same as the name for mouth, and a door is a bit like a mouth so it makes sense to relate them. All language is metaphorical like that, except not always as explicitly. When we say a thing is an object, we say that our concept of that thing shares similarities to the concept we have for objects.
Yes this is just marketing for Bill.
Main reason the author seems to be surprised appears to be that he drastically underestimates the cultural differences in Europe. Political culture and attitudes towards restrictions and liberties vary drastically even between neighbouring countries. Austria might be close to Germany in several ways but it has always been notoriously weird politically. There's also a dividing line between what's (oversimplified) been called historically 'Latin' and 'German' cultures. Greece and Italy work very differently in terms of governance than Northern and Central Europe.

Other point is about the difference of covid responses compared to the lack thereof on other issues. This is pretty much a prime example of what Carl Schmitt called the State of Exception. Covid is a pretty rare occasion in modern times where all the red tape and bureaucracy gets pushed aside and states actually exercise sovereign power, and that just brings differences much more to the surface, both across the pond and here on the continent.
I was talking about this: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=28513130
Add a deskmat or 3m sticky foot, it helps a lot.
Depending on cost, Starship could fund itself purely off space tourism. Numbers as low as $100 per kg to LEO are flying about.

If SpaceX hit something like that, we enter a whole different paradigm because a trip in relative comfort to orbit becomes comparable to middle class holiday prices.

If you can send an average person to orbit for the price of a trip to Disneyland, your launch demand functionally becomes infinite. This would become the thing to do for so many people.

It's sort of like CPU manufacturing: making a CPU is a peak technology, multi billion dollar undertaking - but because we can sell the things for like $250, everyone on the planet now has one.

Space access may go the same way if SpaceX get anywhere near those lower numbers. Blue Origin did one interesting thing recently, and that was launching William Shatner suborbital - if you can send a 90 year old, you can send anyone.

Building the official hotel would become the next obvious thing, complete with spin gravity. It would be a while new dimension.
It’s nice I’m sure but when I saw this appear while standing in the centre of town in the rain I wondered whether this is really the most useful layer option to add?
(On a more constructive note in this part of the world flood warnings would generally be more useful. )

Even better once activated it glitches out if you’re not in California and asks you to zoom out until it’s on the map.
Great, here's some more Martian rocks for space. We don't have a lot of variety here on Mars, but what we do have, we've got plenty of it. We got some red rocks, some slightly less red rocks, we got some red dust, we got some red sand. Is that what we really want to launch into orbit?
> Humans simply cannot see with such clarity without using a magnifying glass.

You may need glasses. The difference between a 1920x1200 panel, and a 2560x1600 display at 13.3" is slight, but very visible.
Just look at decadence in rather inhospitable environments on earth... Let's take Dupai or some deserts in USA with golf courses. No way whole Earth will get worse than that. And basically we already have luxury lifes in such places, air conditioned malls, apartments, cars. Over use of water to water lawns...

Also, it is not like you couldn't vastly more cheaply and easily build Mars bunker on Earth. As we are centuries away from planet scale geo-engineering.
Saveable, Searchable, Shareable Bible Notes and Resources
I have to use Windows for work and I never see Everything take any CPU ever, even when I have to compile (maybe not a million files though). It's all asynchronous so builds aren't slowed down, indexing happens in the background but never takes long and when you need it it's all there because as you said you don't need to search for files every second.

So, in practice, it works.
I totally get where you're coming from, Metal is much easier to program than raw Vulkan. I think a Metal-like API over "modern" APIs could be a good thing. There are things like the Vulkan Memory Allocator that help, but among other things that makes integration of different modules harder; this is especially nice on Metal because you can just allocate your own stuff off MTLDevice.

That said, there would be challenges, and big ones, the more you tried to make it actually Metal compatible. You'd need a C++ compiler for the shaders, and certain idioms (pointers, scalar types other than 32 bits) would be difficult to translate portably.

And as adamnemecek points out, the role of a friendly cross-platform GPU layer is largely being occupied by WebGPU (wgpu in particular in Rust-land). That'll be very comfortable for people used to Metal, as there's been lots of input from Apple folks. However, WGSL is much lower level than Metal Shading Language, and there are lots of important capabilities (subgroups, etc) missing that Metal and other advanced (>DX11) APIs can do.
You make fun of people’s knowledge but at the same time suggest sending DNA to a lab to have it replicated. That would be not very smart since op was discussing how someone might get away with a crime and you suggest just contacting a professional service and probably just use a credit cart. Not smart at all. So we may not be biotechnology savvy but we have other areas of knowledge you obviously lack.
I don't agree intent has any relevance here vs the other issues at hand, and it is news to me that there is some actual distinct expectation of privacy with regards to wavelength as you state.

Visible and IR wavelengths don't reach outside through non-windows, because of physics - but I don't think there is any inherent expectation of privacy - quite the opposite. If you leave your front bay window open and people outside can see in, and you call the police for privacy invasion they will laugh in your face in most places - in fact if you are doing something deemed obscene or distasteful you may be the one arrested - and for good reason. They'll tell you to get something to block the light like a curtain.

Whether or not people intend it - wifi signals easily will make it to the street - and they're on shared spectrum. Especially if you're going to pollute the public ISM band - it's sort of on you to take whatever precautions you need to stay safe whether that is better encryption, a faraday cage or just abstaining and finding alternative means.

If you start blasting loud noises 24/7 constantly in your neighborhood and someone complains, is your response going to be well, "I don't intend for this garbage to reach my neighbors"?
Instead of paying more taxes, he has spent billions on privatizing schools.

He has worked harder and accomplished more than anyone reading this, all of us work in a world shaped by his will.

I was still very disappointed to learn that at some level he's just another out of touch billionaire.

His excuse for hanging out with Epstein is he was seeking more access to philanthropic organizations. That's hilarious.
I took it at face value. Whilst I can and do code in autohotkey I have done similar things with it but not on the scale this story goes into. I posted because if it was real fair play to the person.
Digital natives: where is the evidence? [pdf]
Presumably, human memory involves a significant associative aspect. If you couldn’t recall a relevant fact within a useful time frame, this might impact comprehension or the ability to make connections. Imagine trying to read a book, while only have a vocabulary of a few hundred words, or lacking the ability to remember more than the last few sentences.

There are also fidelity issues. Suppose half of the facts or ideas you recalled were corrupted, or most of your retrieved memories were misassociated or irrelevant?
Ask HN: What are the domains GitHub holds?
Hi All, I'm building a firewall rule to filter and allow some contents for my developers, I'm aware of the Github Meta API that returns IP for their services, but I do need the Domain Servers.

I know (github.com, github.dev, github.io) But, do they provide a list of domains?
If such thing could be used to heat up Mars, could it be used to cool down Earth?
I hope this doesn't come off as handwaving, but you're kinda comparing apples to oranges here. CUDA has always been in a class of it's own when it comes to GPU compute, for better and worse, so I think the people out there who want to use this will pretty quickly get an idea of who it's for. Benchmarks would be nice, but I don't really think they'd be germane when comparing a proprietary compute system with a generic cross-platform GPU binding.
Remix full stack React framework v1
I'd be tempted to use Blazor if I was starting a new greenfield project and somebody else was paying.
What an excellent story about the working class reaping the rewards of automation. Had the business developed the solution, they would capture the difference instead. Whether it's true or not is irrelevant. At worst it is a parable. The lesson is that automation is not our savior.
I wonder if they'll somehow include the AMX 'instruction' (or whatever it is) into BLIS kernels. GEMM isn't everything, but it is a pretty important building block in linear algebra. (I mean that's the big observation of these fancy tile based BLAS implementations).
Remix – A framework focused on web fundamentals and modern UX