skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
I used to believe this, but...

But that's just not true.

All the things you mentioned are a yum/apt/nix/pacman/ install away on Linux, and probably as simple to install on macOS. I'm sure Windows has installers for these, too.

So, it's no harder to develop in them than it is in PHP.

You could argue it's cheaper because you don't have to pay for a shared hosting provider to host your files. However that's a bit moot since even back in the day there were LAMP stack Vagrantfiles that would automate this local setup.

Also, when speaking about dev velocity or time-to-start: you forgot JavaScript, which probably has much greater development velocity than anything else.

Furthermore, PHP is rarely just PHP in production. PHP also comes with various runtime modes (CGI, FPM, etc), .htaccess rules (or nginx equivalents), a bunch of runtime language and feature toggles that are partially controlled by the system (ie your hosting provider), and some can be controlled by the application.

The ephemeral process nature of the language makes some tasks very difficult to do in a performant way (but there's caching, so that's at least mitigated).

I've seen so many developers (worked for a hosting company) come complain to us about slow servers when in fact they'd just be doing silly stuff. And it was hard to blame them, because the language encourages that model, and the "performant" was was usually orders of magnitude more difficult to implement (ie indexing, image resizing, or most types of batch processing).

I'll not go into the horrors of how easy it is to mishandle file uploads in PHP (there's plenty of those around) and how many times people got easily hacked this way.
> My impression is that Bitcoin (and crypto) is now a religion.

Whilst this looks valid on the face of it, the best explanation I've seen is that crypto-currencies, DAOs, NFTs, what-have-you are counter-intuitive to most people, even the ones hodling it, because most of these decentralized products are just not the same thing and shouldn't be all lumped up in one giant straw-man. For one, I am really bullish about payment networks like Facebook's Diem, Celo.org, Coinbase/Circle's USDC, and Stellar. These absolutely should disrupt international payments.

There's a lack of coherent understanding but just as apenwarr pointed out, eventually something good will come of it, and then everyone that is/was on the blockchain train would claim, "I told you so".

At this point, there are so many smart people working on it, that I don't see it failing in my lifetime. The key, I guess, is to pay attention to whoever is out there toiling away to make the ecosystem better and listen to their whats, whys, and hows.
Regarding the presented studies that assessed mask wearing:

Bundgaard (not Bundagaard) 2021 [1]:

−0.3 percentage point (95% CI, −1.2 to 0.4 percentage point; P = 0.38) difference; statistically not significant. Limitations: “Inconclusive results, missing data, variable adherence, patient-reported findings on home tests, no blinding, and no assessment of whether masks could decrease disease transmission from mask wearers to others.”

Doung-ngern 2020 [2]:

11% of control not tested; 59.2% of cases linked to boxing stadium; Persons who wore masks were also more likely to practice other measures [e.g. washing hands often (79% vs. 26% for those who did not wear a mask)]

Krishnamachari 2021 [3]:

Heavily confounded. States with no mask mandate had a 2.16x higher case rate, yet “stay at home orders and school closures had no significant influence”? No analysis of “restrictions on gatherings, closing of nonessential business and restaurant closures”?

Lio 2021 [4]:

Retrospective, internet questionnaire with 24 cases.

Wang 2020 [5]:

Telephone interview; Other than that, no issues imo.

Xu 2020 [6]:

“Despite the relatively large sample size, the total cases of COVID-19 infections were still small so that the relationship between NPIs and a COVID-19 infection should be confirmed by other larger epidemiological studies. Fifth, the potential risk compensating effects of wearing a mask against other NPIs should be considered as being of a hypothesis-generating nature given the potential limitations previously outlined. Sixth, all the information collected in the study was self-reported, which could have potential biases. Common to any observational studies with multiple outcomes and modeled with different effective sample sizes, the interpretations and generalization of the results should be strictly limited to the same setting and be aware of multiple tests risks”

- - -

Does it become significant, when we glue it all together? What about RCTs? [7]

"We included nine trials (of which eight were cluster‐RCTs) comparing medical/surgical masks versus no masks to prevent the spread of viral respiratory illness (two trials with healthcare workers and seven in the community). There is low certainty evidence from nine trials (3507 participants) that wearing a mask may make little or no difference to the outcome of influenza‐like illness (ILI) compared to not wearing a mask (risk ratio (RR) 0.99, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.82 to 1.18)"

And the Bangladesh study? [8]

Is it enough for mask mandates?

[1] https://www.acpjournals.org/doi/10.7326/m20-6817

[2] https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/26/11/20-3003_article

[3] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/pmc/articles/PMC7872858/

[4] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/pmc/articles/PMC8082215/

[5] https://gh.bmj.com/content/5/5/e002794?ijkey=69844ac74c8c8f6...

[6] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/pmc/articles/PMC7669364/

[7] https://www.cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD...

[8] http://www.argmin.net/2021/09/13/effect-size/
> I assume DOI is popular because people trust that the central entity might do a bit better job

First, I don’t know how popular it is.

Second, look at what an absolutely poor job the doi.org site themselves have done keeping their showcased example links from their demonstration document from breaking over the years. See my comment elsewhere here about what I found on archive.org. What am I missing here? It looks like their link rot is close to 100%.
Not that I'm aware of. I even disabled the Firefox Enhanced Tracking protection for that site, and didn't get anywhere.
It attacted those who don't trust the people in charge of "money printers". Which, given the overall low level of trust in the government in many countries today, US included, is hardly surprising.

(Even more so in the third world, where quite a few people have personally lived through periods when government printed money like crazy, and saw first hand how it starts and how it ends.)
Don't get me wrong. I know a lot of wonderful people who are a lot of fun to play with. I met many of my best friends, including my wife, through online games.

But there's unfortunately a loud enough unpleasant portion of the gamer community that describing myself as a gamer to people outside of my closest circle of friends and colleagues tends to invoke a picture of gamers screaming insults and rage quitting whenever they lose and insulting and laughing at people when they win.
I think it's often hard to cut through the unnecessary stuff when researching a new hobby because the people talking about it the most are the ones that are deeply invested in it. I long for a collection of "good enough" guides to get started in hobbies.
Same, Midori Android. First site I can't access.
When will it be possible to have a New Tab page which doesn't display anything?

Just kidding, trick question, the answer is NEVER.

(No, an extension which overrides all the bloated pile of crap after it's already been processed and rendered does not count.)
> And there it is, you are the one with an agenda

nice try. my only agenda is to clear up the confusion in your mind about cryptocurrency ownership.

> you rather want to destroy the current bankingsystem

who said anything about destruction? i know full well that i will need to suffer through the scam of fractional reserve banking until i die. bitcoin is just a partial escape hatch.

> I just wanted to have a discussion about the meta model of crypto currencies

if you did, you wouldn't begin with logical fallacies and prejudice.

notice how you don't even respond anymore about ownership aspect, yet this was your central argument - that crypto is no different from gold in that aspect.

i'll just wait for you to actually address that central point - that will indeed signify if you want to have a discussion.
As the other person said, universities publish majority of their notes as pdfs, very little academic material exists in html. Also papers are still entirely accessed as pdfs through e-libraries
Austrian economics is crackpot by definition because it's based on "praxeology", which explicitly rejects the scientific method.
Causes of Blood in the Urine and Back Pain? – HealthLineFit
Sue. And migrate the first thing in the morning. This is total bullshit (from their side).
Interesting article but the issue is that it's mashing together the Chromium Browser and Google Chrome. I'm sure that Chromium itself is safe but the prvacy concers arise from the "Google bits" rather that the browser engine itself.
Searching using Vimium-FF was broken for me for almost an year. I kept waiting for it to be fixed until my patience ran out and I switched to Vimium C and it worked fine.

The author of Vimium C also raised a PR and it looks like it was finally merged but I don't think I'm going back to Vimium-FF now.

https://github.com/philc/vimium/pull/3801
Neat. Need to wait a bit longer:

> The first ForgeFPGA device, the 1K LUT offering, is expected to be available in production quantities in Q2 2022. Interested designers can visit https://www.dialog-semiconductor.com/products/greenpak/low-p... to find out more.

> * Very low power as low as 20 microamps standby
> * Very low price in volume of well under US$ 0.50
> * Free, downloadable software with no license fees that includes both schematic capture and HDL modes

And the bold statement

> * Proven ability to deliver very high volumes

I wonder if they've concluded that the semiconductor squeeze will be on its way out in Q2, so this is really a PR stunt.
The reality is that behavior 1 makes expectations on school projects just go higher and higher. As you said, parent making it completely is recognized by teacher. But what you call constructive help from parents is making actual difference in result while being much harder to recognize.

What you call constructive help is literally parent organizing and guiding whole thing. If that is what homework project becomes, then it should not be homework at all. It should be in-class experiment, because it so far from being autonomous kids activity.

> Imho, parents should have to write a short narrative about what involvement they had in their child’s project, if any. This is required at some of the local schools where I live.

Personally, I think that homework should be within kids abilities scope - including attention span, access to materials and ability to organize.
already a service provided by central Certificate Authorities

Yes, and that's great if everyone agrees to trust the CA. Now try to solve the problem if they don't. I guarantee that your solution will look a lot like a blockchain.
Yes, inflation is a thing. The numbers aren't important to my argument. My point is that the value of fiat is baked into virtually every transaction. As such, even if you don't believe in fiat, so long as you want to participate in the economy, you'll still use it all the same.
The price and the system are really inseparable from each other. If bitcoin was worth $0, there would be no computers running it and so it wouldn't exist as a system. So the system does require faith to work.
To take your point to the next step, how do two otherwise unrelated journals (of which there are tens of thousands) link between each other and solve link rot? Answer: shared open non profit metadata infrastructure.

Disclaimer - I’m at Crossref AMA.
Ah yes, JSON :3
XMPP has an extension for that https://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0295.html
Yes, which is a significant connection to make when understanding the big picture here.
They would make you use an unused token for certainty, so buying a significant number of votes could be observed statistically from unusually high numbers of new tokens.
So, regarding Excel, those bean counter guys from accounting in Sumer were onto something timeless?

https://www.christies.com/lot/lot-a-sumerian-clay-cuneiform-...?

By the way,do you think anybody will pay that much for an 4000 year old Excel Sheet about let's say pork belly futures in that 4000 years?
I interpreted it as "if the parents help with homework they have to write how much". I would hope that since your parents did not helped, no narrative is needed.
Org Mode Is One of the Most Reasonable Markup Languages to Use for Text (2017)
That’s why the display guidelines stipulate that DOIs are always expressed as URLs.
It's mitigated in several ways. But first of all consider that XMPP is hardly inefficient by today's standards, when mobile devices can stream video continuously for hours on a single charge.

Still, battery is important to consider, so what have we done in XMPP to improve energy efficiency in the past 15 years?

One of the first things we did was define a way for clients to reconnect a session that suffered a broken connection - the classic "I just went through a tunnel" scenario. With this optimization we gained two things: a way to quickly reconnect without resynchronizing everything, and a guarantee that no traffic was lost in the process due to the network interruption.

Secondly, we've implemented traffic optimization in servers. Clients will tell the server when they are idling in the background, and the server will stop sending any traffic that isn't time-sensitive. As soon as the user focuses the app, it tells the server and the connection switches back to "real-time" delivery. This behaviour helps keep network activity low when the client is in the background, and prevents continuously waking up the device's radio (such wake-ups can be quite power hungry over the course of a day).

Finally, modern mobile XMPP clients support push notifications, which is the Apple/Google sanctioned way of solving this problem. It means that you can safely close the XMPP client entirely and still get notified when you receive messages.

There's probably more besides these things that I've forgotten but I think these changes are the highlights!
Welcome to hydroponics, specifically water culture growing! It’s quite complicated, a whole science itself perhaps, but the idea is simple: grow a plant/plants in a soilless or liquid medium. It’s complicated because plants require certain nutrients in various quantities to be available at their roots to survive, their root system also requires a certain amount of oxygen to be available, and furthermore the whole root environment needs to be within a certain pH range for nutrient uptake to take place. All of this applies no matter the medium one grows plants in, but it’s because of all this that hydroponics is complicated, particularly on a micro scale with a single plant in a cup, where there is little buffering to allow for errors - unlike a medium like soil. But it was experiments like yours that lead to the field of both hydroponics, water culture growing, and aquaponics, and a greater understanding of plant functioning and plant nutrient requirements.
Consumer credit is good for society in some areas. Used properly, it allows someone to smooth their lifetime consumption and production.

When you’re first starting out, you have a vast well of future production capacity but also vast current, unmet needs.

Expecting people to “just save up” for things that they need is not optimal, especially if that thing they need to save up for is part of what they need to get/keep their first job.
What's L1?
I had a great experience with Audible. I switched from Audible UK to Audible US but forgot to cancel the former. After six months I noticed I had 6 credits I didn't want. I sent one short e-mail explaining what happened and within 15-30 minutes I got a response that said they'll refund everything.
Most languages lock you into one type of niche or another.

I'm quite happy with the Web niche, it's one of the longest lived, the stablest, the most open, and has some of the longest backwards-compatibility records around.

I can write a website today which will work in 25 years worth of client software! I think that's remarkable.
tptacek’s original comment was amounting to “finger protocol is strictly worse than http” - which reads quite as an absolute judgement.

Yeah, reusability and layering of engineering knowledge is useful - it makes dealing with complexity easier.

But it also makes it easier to build complexity without spending thinking of a simpler solutions. Because time to market.

And thus we have exhibits at https://mobile.twitter.com/internetofshit
> If you're happy with Elixir, just use Elixir.

It's not that I never tried anything else. I got through 8 languages and made what I feel is an informed choice.

> Much of this can also be said of the Java ecosystem.

And yet, so many programmers and companies moved on from both Java and PHP to other tech and are managing very well. The company I work for has mere 6 backenders and we serve millions of visitors regularly without ever hitting >70% CPU on 3-4 servers.

Citing the entrenched state of affairs is not an argument either. It's an appeal to statistics (a good chunk of which are flawed as well).

I'm not going to try and convince anyone to stop using PHP or Java. Truth is, most programmers want stable predictable careers and there's nothing inherently wrong with that. I simply am not in that group.
Computers are Turing Machines - a paradigm of openness to implement processes. How you can compare them to the specific topic is as mysterious as attempting to put life and tree leaves on the same plane.
Because of supply chain issues, for one.
This sounds like an IBM “Cloud” experience a client once had.

No, I’ve never had this happen to me because I’ve taken care not to host with absolute clowns. It’s time for you to find a provider that isn’t molten garbage.

If you’d like me to call your provider out for this, it’s exactly what I do. I’d love to shame them on your behalf; contact info in profile.
Yes, A popular convention when using such tools is to use views for any tables that may change, and then treat those views as public interface.

So, when you refactor the underlying, you can also update your view definition so that the interface remains the same.
> I've been thinking, how does one get free of the wage slavery situation, where I'm at?

Class solidarity and non-violent action. Look at history of 20th century, before neoliberalism took hold.

> How do you accumulate wealth, exactly?

Impossible to do en masse with private capital, since it is by and large ability to command other people. You can increase public goods, this is the wealth that (the society owning it) can increase and benefit from.

People will have to re-learn the lesson not to be so selfish.
I think many Westerners assume that government-enacted regulations on currency are broadly a good thing, and thus don't see this as a valid use case. They might even be correct wrt their own country - but this is often not the case elsewhere.
Right. With the current situation you could define a custom /= for every type. In the new situation /= is a regular function which is defined as `a /= b = not (a == b)` and you wouldn't be able to redefine it.
Shopping for bike parts is the hobby?

I knew a guy like this. He also had 2-3 other bikes that he actually rode, but he spend a lot of time and effort (and money) building his Dream Bike. He was always waiting for some part to be shipped from some tiny manufacturer in Italy or Spain or Japan or Canada, and by the time it arrived he would have read about this other company that had an even smaller/thinner/lighter part, so he would order that as well and wait until he had both parts before meticulously compare them. And once he had managed to finally assemble a complete bike it wouldn't take many rides before either something broke or he decided something wasn't quite perfect so he would take the bike apart again and try to find an even more perfect part.
Haters gonna hate, dont mind them. Your work is truly amazing, I learned a lot and you opened a whole new world of datalog as an aside.
The Zombie Argument for Physicalism (Contra Panpsychism)
You're kinda dismissing it without respecting that it's no different from gold as far as people wanting to hoard it. People also do use Bitcoin when convenient to move money. I personally used it to pay someone in Brazil for some mechanical keyboard services when PayPal failed to transfer the money. Totally legal and organic demand exists.
Microsoft already offers several tools for that.

It feels like they're just throwing out new programming languages for no reason sometimes.
I had very good experience with The Economist but, despite that, I'm still hesitant to re-subscribe because I just don't want to bother e-mailing them if I want to suspend or cancel my subscription (or add/remove print etc.).
Thanks for that comment, now I understand why BigTechCo's like stacked changes.

If reviews are only "will this break things" I would gadly review their big PRs :D
Bimonthly HIV jabs hailed as step forward
Concatenative Language / Concision
I do not have this change.
That very much depends on where you are.
"We’ve seen forked chains, theft, mysteriously reversed transactions, 51% attacks."

Citations? Forks are not actually a bug. Theft because of "cryptographic weakness" has not happened so far, afaik? Neither have reversed transactions, and I am not aware of successful 51% attacks on Bitcoin?

I'm sorry but I don't think that author has a good understanding of Bitcoin.

He has a point about government attacks. We don't really know yet what will happen if governments simply try to stomp out crypto. For sure market prices would take a hit at first, as they did when China tried to curb crypto.
Sure, but 10.1083 is still a shitty link compared to nature.com, independent of which url prefix is used.
All languages can be used by everyone.
No, he means asset price speculation. The inflation argument that is so often brought up seems ridiculous to me. Inflation ensures sufficient demand. Modern economy will collapse if the global rate goes negative.
I went on a rant, but didn't mean to. I don't have anything against PHP, it's got a valuable and relevant place on the the web. It's important to many people, and like you said you find it fun, which I think is important for our productivity as devs.

However, I think this recurring misconceptions how easy PHP is to develop in needs to stop. PHP comes with a lot of complexities. Worst kind of complexity to learn: hidden complexity.
I have that since ages in Firefox. A simple setting.
The New Masters: How auction houses are chasing crypto millions [NFT sales]
There are plenty of cases where the sequential logic for an FPGA may end up resulting in something looking like a custom CPU implementation. Development wise it may end up cheaper to just pick up an existing architecture and build in custom instructions for the specific parts that make it particularly expensive (either computationally or latency wise) for a traditional CPU.
...whose Twitter profile indicates that they're a Juicebox dev, i.e. the same service being used to "host" the DAO.

I can't put my finger on why exactly, but that seems all manner of shady to me.
Ha, what a great comparison. /s. And what percentage of the world economy runs on crypto, compared to the % that uses the banking industry?
So is this like embeddable engine? Or standalone server (like Elasticsearch)? Or UI SDK? How about the widgets (e.g for auto-complete)?
Ereaser on phone is especially good. Just like an irl whiteboard ereaser.
There are ways to anonymize Bitcoin transcations, but I don't know how reliable they are. But there are other coins that attempt to be anonymous by default. I don't think it is a fundamentally unsolvable aspect.