skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
It's one way to use PGP, and it's not the only way. Almost certainly the most common use of PGP by number of operations per day is verifying RPM and apt signatures, which relies on trusting specific keys delivered through out-of-band means (in practice, mostly previously delivered via HTTPS).

In turn, the subject information in these keys does not matter - either the signing key is trusted, or it's not. There's an ongoing philosophical debate among users of the web of trust about what the subject (name and email) means. Should you sign a key if you see a passport Are you attesting to legal names? If someone works via a pseudonym, how (if at all) should you sign their key? How do you validate the passport? Maybe you should only sign keys for people you actually know, and attest to knowing their identity in a human sense and not to them having legal documents? What about the email field - do you need to verify that they possess the email? How?

The OpenPGP spec includes just enough functionality to encode trust into local keys (and specifies that it should not be exported), but it does not say anything about a web of trust: https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc4880#section-5.2.3....
Maybe it’s more about culture than skills? I’ve solved 80 PE problems (78 of which are in the first 100) because I enjoy it, and I’m pretty sure that I would get along very well in a team full of others who enjoy PE enough that they voluntarily solved >50 problems. Maybe the goal of that advice is to discourage people?
You may enjoy this (I believe it was on HN last year): "DKIM: Show Your Privates" [0].

[0] https://rya.nc/dkim-privates.html
>backwards state constantly mired in the economics of the industry

Can you talk more on this? Just curious your perspective.

I would disagree with your sentiment about cost-of-living, especially. Particularly with housing costs and taxes, Michigan seems much better than other states.
One example of fragmentation:

You: "it has become much better with wayland and is improving fast".

Two comments above you: "wayland has been a steaming pile of crap since it still can't work in basic graphics modes 10+ years after being announced, to the fact that it has loads of quirks that vary from one environment to another."
The Reddit link isn’t particularly illuminating. Would you mind sharing what TFT means?
http://www.orgzly.com/ is a FOSS alternative for Android.
What they ignore is that the NBBO spread is made larger by this practice. By siphoning off all the uninformed flow, leaving only the toxic flow, this then causes people to quote wide spreads on regular exchanges, making the NBBO spread larger than it otherwise would be.
I once spent nearly 2 weeks as a team of three chasing a intermittent bug in some multithreaded Windows NT codebase (around 1999). We were sure it was some subtle issue with multiple CPUs since it only happened on the one quad cpu machine we had and took hours of 100% cpu between failures. Feeling increasingly foolish and relatively new to multithreaded code I was sure I was missing something obvious. The guy with a EE/hardware background comes in super early on a Monday (like 3am) and gets the longest run in yet without a crash and then notices that the crash happens increasing often throughout the day. He opens the case of our rented beast of a machine none of us could afford to risk damage to and reseats the CPUs. Test loop ran at full 100% CPU load for 72 hours straight.
ITER is absolutely obsolete, in any sense requiring it to be a stop on the way to production. But it was never intended for that. ITER could, if ever completed, provide a wealth of research results on plasma confinement. But only that. And, it is likely to be too late to the party.
> It forces you to write your own library of efficient functions for factoring, etc

Yes! This is when I knew I was in too deep lol
Of the 57,975 incidents that were reported, 54,989 (95%) involved the release of only one chemical. The top five chemicals associated with injury were carbon monoxide (2,364), ammonia (1,153), chlorine (763), hydrochloric acid (326), and sulfuric acid (318). Carbon monoxide and ammonia by far caused the most injuries, deaths, and evacuations. Chlorine, while not in the top 10 chemicals released, was in the top five chemicals associated with injury because of its hazardous properties....

In ammonia incidents, the industry with the highest frequency of injured persons was manufacturing of food, textile, and apparel (451 [39%] of 1,153 injured persons). The subsector food manufacturing had the highest number of injured persons and agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting had the second highest frequency of persons injured from ammonia releases.

-- "Top Five Chemicals Resulting in Injuries from Acute Chemical Incidents — Hazardous Substances Emergency Events Surveillance, Nine States, 1999–2008", Ayana R. Anderson, MPH, Division of Toxicology and Human Health Sciences, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, CDC

https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/ss6402a6.htm

Agricultural use of ammonia is strongly characterised by use in unconfined and well-ventilated spaces. Relatively few people are involved with its use, and those who are tend to be reasonably familiar with risks and precautions. It remains one of the top five most dangerous chemicals.

Notably absent from that list are hydrocarbon fuels, despite their considerably wider use by an almost completely untrained cohort.

Widespread use as a fuel would likely increase risk and exposure to ammonia, as well as its use within confined spaces in which the likelihood and impacts of accidental exposure would be greatly increased.
Your opinion on which of these constitute the bar is exactly that
But then it also usually impresses me with how people think companies haven’t thought of and tried the things they thought of in reading the article and thinking about it for a few minutes.
Sadly, a quick Google seems to say that debit reordering is legal, despite its total scummyness.
That still sounds like getters/setters, then (which you could use to implement properties-as-a-hash-map, for example). Maybe the ergonomics are different - we're still speaking pretty abstractly here so it's hard to tell - but it sounds like the same basic idea:

class TimePeriod
{
private double _seconds;

public double Hours
{
get { return _seconds / 3600; }
set {
if (value < 0 || value > 24)
throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(
$"{nameof(value)} must be between 0 and 24.");

_seconds = value * 3600;
}
}
}
0xA000 Font Family – A tile mastered font-family
> mercantilism, all would "never" be replaced

I think that one is still wholly dominant. Personal initiative will always win.
FWIW, the Playstation 4 and now 5 (disc edition only of course) make very sure that in the vast majority of cases, what comes on the disc is a properly working game able to be played to completion without the console ever seeing the Internet.

This is not really the case on Xbox.
Firefox on Android has uBlock origin, works well for me.
You should checkout srandrd, it lets you run a simple bash script when monitor changes happen. It includes some Env vars so you can figure out what happened.

Been a while but I had real issues using udev rules as they created timing problems or something like that.

https://github.com/jceb/srandrd
Hackers sent spam emails from FBI accounts, agency confirms
> Supposedly this is because Apple doesn't implement the entire Displayport spec, I don't really know the details.

I can see that. I had 2 27" 4K HDR 144Hz monitors that worked fine in Catalina. Big Sur and Monterey, they do not: they'll do 95Hz SDR and 60Hz HDR.

If on my screens I change DisplayPort mode from 1.4 to 1.2, they'll do better (120Hz SDR). So something in Big Sur broke DP 1.4. And Apple doesn't care, because there have been hundreds of bug reports on it ever since the Big Sur betas and it's still broken as of Monterey 12.0.1.

I guess Apple's philosophy is "we don't care if you don't have a Pro Display XDR" (and I say that as someone who owns one).
Thanks.

If a file existed for 3 days and was then deleted, it might make it to 3 daily snapshots, and no weekly, monthly or yearly snapshot.

Even if you’re lucky and the snapshots are not deleted, if you don’t remember when the file existed, currently you need to search through all snapshots. There’s no index or any data structure to speed this search up.

I agree, restoring is fast once you’ve found the file.

Currently I use backblaze, and it does have infinite retention and snapshots, and restoring is fast. But I’m looking to migrate to something that gives me search as well.
Only 16-17 EU member states have national mandatory ID card laws, in some it’s either a passport or a national ID card. I would bet on more people having a passport in the EU than an EU national ID card or those numbers being fairly close.
Well that’s too bad. I had a lot of fun trolling D&D and participating in photoshop Fridays. I remember loading that up and watching 9/11 footage set to the Benny Hill theme practically the day it happened. The forums were just brutal, and hilarious for a certain kind of mind. And the impact on the internet is clear and widespread.
There's not enough biomass production in the entire US to provide an alternative to present fossil fuel consumption. Even highly optimistic proposals to replace a small fraction of petroleum consumption (aviation fuel) with biofuels would require an area equivalent to much of the central plains states. And that's about 6% of net fuel use.

Wastestream energy flows are, by definition, a subset of the net input. Estimates I've seen are for about 1/3 of net energy input being available from waste-streams, though that's usually focused on solid waste. Urine production is based on protein breakdown (urea), which as a nutrient is typically 10-30% of net calories.

Even before digging further, the net total resource would be fairly small. Not entirely insignificant, but given costs of collection and processing ... probably unrewarding.
What if I don't want to encrypt? I would like tarsnap/restic/whatever (but unlike tarsnap, I want to be able to self host) and I want it without encryption.
Yes, this article boils down to three pages of "it's complicated" followed by "the market makers publish stats that say they are great for retail". And as you point out, the stats cited ignore that the market makers play a big role determining the reference point against which "improvement" is measured.
Someone needs to explain to these children that they'll never ship if they don't put limits on their exploration.
Moderation on a private forum is a form of (free) expression.
Thanks, I’ve also thought that something built on rclone or rsync might be more suitable.

I haven’t yet moved to restic, so it might be that find -f is good enough for me.
Shadershop – Photoshop like interface for programming GPU shaders
Who cares what the author intends to say here?

This is an interesting fact and observation that stands on its own. It leads to curiosity, interest, and exploration.

Noone owes you a fully ELI5 document.
Struggling to see why this should be taken in any way seriously considering the clear conflict of interest?
If you're anything to do with military, I bet you _really_ badly want this over GPS. GPS can be spoofed or blocked over an area. So every drone, every group of soldiers, every truck, every boat really needs one.

Even just as a person, having a nav system that doesn't need to sync before it can be used would be nice, and no possible issues with buildings, trees, hills, etc.
Disclaimer: I have not read this article. However, there are multiple known genetic epilepsy disorders that have specific ion channels that are either missing/mutated.
URL seems broken now but article is here:

http://web.archive.org/web/20180303001631/http://www.heychin...
I loved Ann Arbor when I visited when I was hired at Duo and it has raised my interest in moving to Michigan (once a job allows it, my current remote gig has limited locations due to logistics) but I doubt it will be A2 just because of the cost of living. One of my interests is to drop in cost of living from Austin but Ann Arbor is not far behind.
No, you can measure absolute rotation speed. Yes, via a good ring laser gyro.
You just can't measure absolute linear speed.
https://github.com/ryantenney/gnu-units/blob/master/units.da... perhaps
Why is it 3.99 for a lifetime payment?

My cynical self tells me the product won't improve or your intention is generate enough hype to make a quick exit and the product will go away.

You should make this is a recurring cost.
Raising funds via an NFT is likely a securities issue. You need to consult with a lawyer before you do anything.
How do you get 700% markup? The difference between Standard and Enterprise is 50%. Enterprise does have features which do make workloads run faster, but this benchmark didn't need them.
Are we using the term "database" loosely here to mean some limited subset of data? Because I think of the term as referring to an app's primary datastore, and I can't recall a single meaningful modern app I've seen for which the database is anywhere close to that small.
Maybe true, but you only have to worry about that if there are none left after your filtering operation. You are not trying to mine gold (find as many small nuggets as you can of a very rare substance among millions of tons of dirt). You are trying to find exactly N nuggets for some small N, that is the number of open slots you are trying to fill. If you can replace megabucks of excavation equipment (time-consuming interviews) with a simple screen (solve 100 PE problems) and N nuggets get through, you have saved yourself a lot of trouble.

Add to that, FAANG interview processes are mostly risk avoidant. They are more aimed at avoiding hiring bad candidates, than avoiding ignoring good ones. It is very often possible for a weak candidate to bullshit their way through interviews etc. Solving PE problems is harder to fake, at least without faking on purpose (by reading up on spoilers).
I don't think they're being idiosyncratic. You start your post off with a paragraph that complains about how bad PGP is. Of course people will respond to that part.

I don't think PGP is that bad either. It's pretty standard asymmetric crypto. The implementations and especially the key sharing leaves a lot to be desired but for personal use I like it. And I love that there's lots of hardware key support. This is why I use it.

I personally use my hardware OpenPGP keys also for SSH, on yubikeys and OpenPGP smartcards. I also use those for encrypting and signing data. So I'm already doing something similar to start you're saying, just the other way around.

Having my keys on a hardware token is a must-have for me and I wonder if that's possible with your method. I also prefer having a token that requires a hardware input for each use like the Yubikeys can. You can set them up to require a touch for every signature or authentication. This stops a compromised server you log in to from milking your SSH agent.

But how would I store the keys in hardware if not PGP? I tried PKCS11 modules with different cards before but the software chain with middleware is pretty terrible. PGP's is pretty sane (gpg --card-edit is much more user friendly than what was offered by the other more expensive cards I used!)

And I don't like Fido2 either for this because it can't be used for content encryption/signing (which is what your blog post about)

So, I'm pretty open to doing what you're doing but my requirement for hardware key storage makes it pretty hard I think.

It would be nice to hear your thoughts on this, how this could work with hardware-backed keys.
> “Members of the RaidForums hacking community have a long standing feud with Troia, and commonly deface websites and perform minor hacks where they blame it on the security researcher,” Ionut Illascu wrote for BleepingComputer.

I appreciate that krebs give an explicit source to the claim - it shows journalistic integrity.
Hey, thanks for that. Substack seems to be playing it very conservatively. Will have a look
The single largest employer in North America, responsible for untold millions of jobs both direct-federal and government contracting, and you pegged the culture, nationwide, inter-agency, on day one. Pretty amazing insight from not much data. Perhaps you'd like to generalize in a more targeted manner?
No idea, but I do know there was a gcc port to NCR UNIX bootstrapping off their own compiler that stalled for a while until one of the developers worked out that it unrolled switch statements to if+goto ... and used the label 'dflt:' for the default case of the switch.

Sucked to be you if you decided to name one of your own labels that.
I think you're thinking of Dynalist.
I remember it! Solid points all around.
Resetting Your GE Smart Light Bulb – Schneier on Security
Lowtax was by all accounts a real piece of garbage by the end, but he undoubtedly created a place that changed the internet permanently.

I find it kind of funny the amount of ire he drew long before the abuse allegations surfaced though. For example, he was basically auto banned from Twitter by… somebody with the ability to make those decisions at their discretion. I’ve always wondered who that was. In my head, it’s always been a funny thought that Jack Dorsey is some embittered ex-goon that never got over losing $10. (I have no reason to believe this is the case, but it gives me a chuckle)
A big leap forward for me was learning how to properly use "lazy" data structures (i.e. streams) to pipeline the processing steps and stop as soon as a solution is found without any extra work. Memoization is also really important for some problems.
I'm intrigued by this option but also doubtful. If the going rate for a high quality tutor to teach 4 now is $43/student a day or approximately ~$21/hour assuming an 8 hour day (I'll take this at face value, I have no way of verifying it), what does the cost become when the demand goes up due to doing this for every student across the country? Essentially this means multiplying our teaching staff by roughly ~8x. Also what qualifications does a "high quality tutor" have vs a teacher? Does this including learning supplies, books, computers, etc?

It also doesn't seem like it answers the question of where this teaching happens or how the students get there. Our current classrooms definitely aren't set up for this.
There's a fairly obvious application in pretty much any military theatre. GPS is vulnerable to spoofing, having a second source of truth lets you know you're even being attacked. Comparing an IDS to a GPS at least gives you a canary.
I don't know why all the official cloud clients are so limited, but rclone shows how easily they could enable a lot of the missing features.
How has Cop26 shifted the dial on the climate crisis? A visual guide
“ Nukes can operate as peaker plants. The feedback from the control rods is nearly instantaneous.”

But the physical thermal stress from throttling it significantly shorten its lifespan.

Throttling nukes is not a trivial task; I know one plant (Bruce?) doesn't even bother changing the reactor power, they just inject steam into the bay instead of putto g it through a turbine
Correct, Big Sur broke DisplayPort above a certain bandwidth, but only on Intel Macs as I understand it.

https://discussions.apple.com/thread/252174979?page=1

https://egpu.io/forums/mac-setup/4k144hz-no-longer-available...

I have to use SwitchResX to define a custom resolution (95Hz), otherwise my gaming monitor won't go above a sad 60Hz.

Meanwhile, Linux runs perfectly on the same setup all the way up to 160Hz. Yet another place where Linux has fundamentally better hardware support than Mac.
Solar only works during the day. We have no battery technology, even remotely close to being able to store the power needed when the sun isn't shining.

Houses are not all that big of energy, only using 1/3 of what the US has. The US as a whole needs 3.8 trillion kilowatt hours a year. https://www.eia.gov/energyexplained/electricity/use-of-elect...
If you can produce synthetic ammonia without fossil fuel (natural gas) inputs, you can create synthetic hydrocarbon analogues of petroleum-based petrol (gasoline), kerosene (jet fuel), diesel, and possibly heavier grades of oil (marine bunker fuel). Though it's worth noting that the latter are used not so much for their suitability in marine use as their unsuitability elsewhere, and lighter grades (kerosene or diesel) would be likely substitutes.

Ammonia is harmful or deadly when inhaled, produces a large quantity of NOx in normal combustion (TFA specifically addresses this one point), and is highly corrosive. It's one of the five most harmful chemicals in regular use already, given limited industrial and agricultural applications. As a general-application fuel, particularly in scenarios in which fuel-based power systems cannot readibly be substituted (marine and aviation uses) would greatly increase hazards of such operations.

Synthetic fuels are lossy as all heck in round-trip energy return (on the order of 15--25% recovery as motive or generation output), but offer a very-well-understood, well-behaved, largely safe, and high-energy-density (by both weight and volume) option for very-long-term (100+ million years proved) energy storage. There's very little else that fits that bill.

Fossil fuels are principally nonviable going forward due to net CO2 emissions. Synthetic fuels based on ocean or atmospheric CO2 extraction would be net-neutral. Costs are higher than present fossil fuels, but present fossil fuels are grossly mis-priced based on both pollution and cost-of-formation externalities excluded from present market prices. (The pricing error could be as high as millions of times --- markets can in fact be remarkably inefficient and inaccurate.)

Other externalities including localised polluton (NOx, CO, VOCs, particulates) would remain an issue, but can be reasonably well controlled with extant technologies. If net fuel usage is decreased through electrified transportation and changes in land-use, lifestyle, architectural, and industrial behaviours, use in shipping, aviation, mobile, and remote applications should be within reason.

Ammonia not so much.
> What is a data lake?

> A data lake is a centralized repository that allows you to store all your structured and unstructured data at any scale. You can store your data as-is, without having to first structure the data, and run different types of analytics—from dashboards and visualizations to big data processing, real-time analytics, and machine learning to guide better decisions.

This may be self-explanatory for you, but what it means in practice is not as self-evident as you believe. For all it describes, it could be an FTP upload directory that loads things into an sqlite database. It's not until the scale is invoked (multi-terabyte/day) that the inadequacies of a naive solution become apparent. For those in that area of the industry, Snowflake is already known. (Seriously, if you're running into issues with limitations of RedShift, it behooves you to take a look at Snowflake.) For those that aren't, data warehousing is unfamiliar, never mind data lake. For those outside the ML sphere, the finer points of training runs are also non-obvious.
Having rules on a private website is against the concept of free speech?

How much of your own money are you willing to spend on hosting and serving an unlimited amount of user-uploaded hentai tentacle porn on your privately-owned domain? If the answer is anything less than “infinite money”, you’re anti-free-speech.
Shouldn't the DOJ not be concerned with the economic impact? Isn't their objective Justice not Economic Prosperity?
That's tough if you're in a HCOL area and have to rent or are looking to purchase a home. Even if you're flush with cash landlords won't rent to you nor banks lend.