skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
I gather that we know how to build safe fission reactors now.

One can hope. "Gen III" fission reactor construction is coming along, mostly in China. Sanmen Nuclear Power Station has two Gen III reactors, designed by what's left of Westinghouse. Future versions are being entirely designed in China.

Most of the "small cheap reactor" concepts are arguments for why they don't need a containment vessel. That's probably not going to sell. Chernobyl wasn't supposed to need a containment vessel, and didn't have one. Fukushima didn't have a big enough one. Three Mile Island did have a good containment, which is why that meltdown was expensive, but didn't cause much trouble outside the plant.
Yamaha DX7 - Famous Sounds Demo:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BCwn26FePAo
> Do the bots hide their IP address

For this attack and many like it, yes, the bots hide their IP.

Per the article, this attack was a combination of DNS amplification and UDP flood. UDP packets don't use a connection like TCP (where the recipient verifies it can talk back to the sender); instead, the packet just declares where it came from, and the recipient fires-and-forgets a response to that IP, blindly assuming that IP is actually the sender.

So for the UDP flood portion, the victim receives a packet with a fraudulent source IP and no way to tell where it really came from.

For the DNS amplification part (also done over UDP), the attacker finds an open DNS resolver online, sends it a request to resolve a record, and fakes the UDP source IP, telling the DNS server to send the response to the attack victim. Not only does this mean the DDoS packets aren't coming directly from the attacker, but DNS responses can easily be much larger than DNS requests, so an attacker multiplies how many gigabits of traffic they hit the victim with, versus just sending UDP packets directly to the victim.

Here's Cloudflare's primer on DNS amplification attacks: https://www.cloudflare.com/en-gb/learning/ddos/dns-amplifica... and UDP floods: https://www.cloudflare.com/en-gb/learning/ddos/udp-flood-ddo...

As far as solutions go, the answers are broadly 1) get everyone in the world to stop putting up UDP services that send large responses to unverified requests (this attack used DNS, but this happens with other protocols too), and 2) convince ISPs everywhere to deny outbound UDP packets which claim a source IP from outside that ISP's network. Since this is one of those "you have to be perfect, but the attacker only has to find one weakness" scenarios, these sorts of attacks will keep happening until it becomes impractical to find enough abusable networks/services to mount high-volume attacks.
https://www.cdc.gov/flu/about/burden/index.html
Next level wizardry this, the speed with which this all came together is incredibly impressive, it took about as long to mail the chip as it took for Ken to do all this work.
Phys.org reporting is not great. Most methods for using ammonia in fuel cells rely on high-temperature catalysts to convert ammonia back to hydrogen, possibly in a separate unit from the fuel cell or else inside the fuel cell itself, if the fuel cell already runs at high temperature. These folks are claiming to have a room-temperature catalyst that can be part of a fuel cell that uses ammonia directly.
Yes, they are. Are you serious?

A state monopoly's problems are complacency and applying government policy ( e.g. in a racist segregated country, they will apply that).

A private monopoly will absolutely bleed their customers dry out of any money they can take off them, they'll usually stagnate and become complacent ( just like a state monopoly).

Many things are natural monopolies ( infrastructure, education, healthcare) and are best left to state monopolies, even with the downsides.
Assuming this is about telnxy outages this week and their migration to cloudflare. https://status.telnyx.com/

Maybe premature for cloudflare to be declaring victory?
Andrei Sakharov Centenary
That used to be a thing but is it anymore?

There is so much mitigation so it's pretty much ineffective
I would never consider Hasselblad to be an underdog, they're a premium brand that has massive name recognition that continues to today.

I dream of being able to afford as Hasselblad, instead I'm here with my Kiev's and Minoltas!
I think it was declared legal time and time again? I'm familiar with at least a couple image-related lawsuits where they came out on top.

The bigger issue is that website owners have become increasingly hostile to crawling, and that's effectively closed the door behind Google, because that's when it starts getting more legally contentious. Which is why I think they should be forced to open up their crawl to everyone, so that we can have meaningful competition in the indexing/search space.
One of the Japanese textbooks I read long ago had a survey with on Japanese ppl for the question:what is the meaning of life. I think 25% of all answers was: possessing a lot of things.
"Be kind. Don't be snarky."

"Please don't sneer, including at the rest of the community."

https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
Behringer's redesign of the 3340VCO has been huge for bringing cheap analog equipment to the masses. I own their Neutron, which is a semimod kinda like the Mother-32 but with a few bonuses and more patch points. It's seriously impressive for being a home-grown instrument at a sub-300-dollar price point, and I'd probably choose it over most other instruments in it's price class like the Monologue or UNO.
Real-World Concurrency with Ruby and Polyphony
It suggests that thought is not necessarily generative. That we are not generating ideas. That my ideas are not created out of my head.

An alternative model is that thought is performed by the manipulation of references. References to an idea landscape. Anybody who writes software is familiar.

(Sequences and hierarchies of idea-references give us complex ideas)

> Leibniz’s central argument was that all human thoughts, no matter how complex, are combinations of basic and fundamental concepts, in much the same way that sentences are combinations of words, and words combinations of letters.
I'm not saying that we should go back to hand-rolling our own epoll loops. I'm saying that we can do better than async/await by making both the state machines and event loop explicit. For example, here's an API I'd prefer to use over async/await:

/// A state machine that adds three numbers and uploads them to a web server
struct AddAndUpload {
/// I/O handle to the event loop
io: IOClient,
/// Buffer to store numbers I load
nums: [u64; 3],
/// URL to upload the data to
url: String
}

impl AddAndUpload {
/// Constructor
pub fn new(io: IOClient, url: String) -> AddAndUpload {
AddAndUpload {
io,
nums: [0u64; 3],
url
}
}

/// Entry point to this state machine
pub fn inner_main(&mut self) -> Result<(), IOClient::Error> {
/// go and get the data
let n1_fut : IOClient::Future<u64> = self.io.sql_async("SELECT n1 FROM table1", &[])?;
let n2_fut : IOClient::Future<u64> = self.io.sql_async("SELECT n2 FROM table2", &[])?;
let n3_fut : IOClient::Future<u64> = self.io.sql_async("SELECT n3 FROM table3", &[])?;

// wait for all I/O operations to finish
IOClient::wait_all(&[&n1_fut, &n2_fut, &n3_fut])?;

// extract results
let n1 = n1_fut.into_inner();
let n2 = n2_fut.into_inner();
let n3 = n3_fut.into_inner();

// upload them
let sum = n1 + n2 + n3;
let upload_fut : IOClient::Future<IOClient::HTTPStatus> = self.io.http_post_async(&self.url, &["content-type: application/octet-stream"], &sum.to_be_bytes())?;

let upload_http_status = upload_fut.wait()?.into_inner();

match upload_http_status.as_u16() {
200 => {
Ok(())
}
400..499 => {
Err(IOClient::Error::Custom("client error"))
}
500..599 => {
Err(IOClient::Error::Custom("server error"))
}
x => {
Err(IOClient::Error::Custom("Nonsensical HTTP code"))
}
}
}
}

impl IOClient::StateMachine for AddAndUpload {
type Return = ();
fn main(&mut self) -> Result<(), IOClient::Error> {
self.inner_main()
}
}

/\* somewhere else \*/

fn main() {
let io_server = IOServer::spawn().unwrap();
let io_client = io_server.client().unwrap();
let add_and_upload = AddAndUpload::new(io_client, "http://example.com".to_string());
loop {
io_server.run().unwrap();
match add_and_upload.get_machine_status() {
Ok(IOClient::StateMachine::Finished(result)) => {
eprintln!("add_and_uploaded exited with {:?}", &result);
break;
}
Ok(_) => {},
Err(e) => {
panic!("add_and_upload aborted: {:?}", &e);
}
}
}
io_server.terminate();
}
Would you please not post in the flamewar style to HN, regardless of how provocative another comment was or you feel it was? This is not at all what we're trying for here.

https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
The problem comes with rigidity and certainty. Using a flawed system with the acknowledgement that it's flawed is well and good. But "mechanical" components like hard data and logic often give the illusion of being flawless and true in some absolute way. That doesn't make them useless, but it means you have to work extra hard to keep in mind the fact that they are and always will be imperfect.
Spyglass on the Past: New York City 1836 and Today
When you find yourself in a hole, stop digging.

The first landmark is to make coal plants unprofitable. Once all (most of) the coal and oil plants are closed, it would be interesting to use the spare electricity for carbon capture. Otherwise you are burning coal to power the carbon capture facility.
https://www.visitbritain.org/sites/default/files/vb-corporat...

Slide 53, Passport ownership.

These numbers are for people that already travelled internationally, before Brexit, so the total number might be much higher.
The Stanford group? That's great news on the production prices. I still doubt the extraction rate assumptions in the articles, but I think renewables plus scaled down nuclear will be the path forward.
Because "pastel" is not "oil" is not "varnish" is not "ink"...
It is well established that fasting increases the level of growth hormone, quite significantly too. It's the leptin trigger. Just google effect of fasting on growth hormone.

I think the OP is talking about Steen Ekberg the keto youtuber. His stuff is legit and well sourced, but unfortunately marketed to look like facebook meme videos.
The UDP packets still have to pass through the network and networks can attach all kind of tracking headers to these packets. So you should be theoretically able to track down the sources of long running attack if every network provider along the line cooperates.
> The bus driver shortage isn’t just a bus driver shortage — it’s a knot nobody knows how to cut.

Uh, pay the drivers more than $37 a year, that wage is a joke anywhere in the US
Sadly you are right that there was a small minority vocally opposed to migration from Eastern Europe. But take heart that many many people (the majority currently, 53% in the latest poll) do not support Brexit and want to rejoin the EU. (https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/brexit-rejoin...)
The article says that in Europe over 50% of the mass of new glass is actually recycled glass already. For bottles, I think, the system we have in Germany proves that it can be done. The bottle type that I mentioned in another comment here already is being used for 50 years now and about 5 billion of these bottles were produced so far. I guess we have seen all of the problems already that could possibly arise from that.
I got that from

> Netflix thought there were people out there who watched a lot of Netflix and who were already tweeting funny things “for free” who would be thankful to get any money at all for what they were already doing.

I could be wrong. It looks like some kind of short form social media commentary anyway. I expect even for something short there is more to it than just typing out the final version, which is what I took the pitches + script to be.
> PGP absolutely got this part right

Lol no.

There is no mechanism to invalidate keys by the domain owner, while it uses email as one of the core identifiers.

I purchased a cool domain, which had PGP users who published their keys to various key servers.

Their keys have no expiration, while I'm in control of the domain...

PGP was good, 30 years ago. But technology has evolved, along with the understanding of the problem.

I made a reply about SSHFP records (https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=29212552), to push server keys in the DNS: that + DNSSEC means you remove the problem of initial trust (deciding to add a server to your known_host on the first connections)

Now imagine if something like MX records could also contain SSH keys for the mail users: you'd solve the problem of mail encryption on a global level.

People who want to send me encrypted mail could ask my server for my key, DNSSEC would prevent tempering with that, and if I lose access to the domain, there would be no issue with stale keys from old PGP directories.

As for scalability issues, DNS is perfectly done (with caching, etc) to handle that easily.

Like you, I could say "SSH got this part right" - but no. Again, technology has evolved.

The "only" problem would be correlation attacks, and I think that's a big one, in the age of surveillance.

Ideally, we'd have something like bitcoin key-derivation from a seed key, where you'd have:

- a key you publish to receive encrypted email,

- derived public keys, one per server, so that you do not risk correlation attacks

This is a great article, because it looks at the ubiquity of SSH keys, and how the technology is better than PGP keys, to advance the problem - say by signing git commits and tags.

I hope we'll also use the advances from other technologies.
Behringer's goal has always been to make stuff cheap enough that people can afford. Which is noble, except they do this entirely by ripping off other people's R&D and undercutting lots of people including smaller players.

Also Uli Behringer himself is completely mad and appears to be pretty chill with antisemitism. https://www.gearnews.com/uli-behringer-responds-to-the-corks...

tl;dr don't support Behringer, please.
> Need is limited, but want can be infinite.

Lately, as I've started to feel secure that I have much more than I may ever need, my problem now is that I've also come to realize that I want very few things in my life. I want to want but I think most things are completely worthless.

I'm flabbergasted by the author's problems. They struggle with wanting... tea cups? A lamp? What on earth are they talking about?
https://archive.md/xmXC7
Thank you for the feedback!

I'll think about the price. So far people don't seem to mind the 50$ price, but we'll see if I get more pushback in the future. :)
I have a secondhand mattress that rests on a set of particle board planks. Next year I'm going to upgrade to a metal frame, box, and Serta mattress
I thought that little blurb in the article was a little out of left field as well, like the author felt a sudden urge to try and communicate that social media addiction is no joking matter.
Could you please stop posting unsubstantive and/or flamebait comments to HN? You've unfortunately been doing this a lot, and it's not what this site is for. We're trying for something other than internet default here.

If you wouldn't mind reviewing https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html and taking the intended spirit of the site more to heart, we'd be grateful.
Political Values as an Opimization Problem
Well, the context of your quoted statement was provided in the paragraph above:

> Reminds me of the fact that Los Alamos High School has the highest test scores in New Mexico.

He's referring specifically to the physicists working on the Manhattan project, who were definitely predominantly male.
There is a very interesting problem I’ve yet to crack (as per the sites guidelines, do not share solutions here, please): You have a triangle with equal sides. You shoot a laser at the minuscule opening at one corner, where it gets inside and bounces off the inner surface of the sides.

How many angles exist from which shooting the laser, it will bounce N times and exit through the same hole it entered from?

I have tried doing it in the naive way by writing a scala program that calculates reflections on the sides of the triangle and my idea was that iterating the degree in small quantities and plotting the distance of the Nth ray to the enter/exit corner would give me a visual way to count the angles we are looking for. The accuracy of doubles disallowed me from doing even the given N=11 example, so I made/reuse a rational number lib and I got the correct number for this sample. But the actual question wants N on the order of millions…
I’m thinking that maybe some mathematical series could help, but haven’t tried cracking it since. But it was a great feeling writing even this easy version (I have even made a visual version with scala.js :D)
The FCC as regulator is an interesting idea.

Appliances sold in the US already have to prove they don't create harmful EMF emissions. It wouldn't be much of a stretch to add minimum security requirements to avoid harmful "data emissions" to that same certification process.
Please do not take HN threads into political flamewar hell. We're trying for something different on this site.

https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
Sure. That was a "moreover". But the link is that, from the possible silver-bullety initial idea of "aproblematic", the first (flicker) is a first breach of that idea and an "initial warning", which opens to the second (EMI)... In the realm of ideas and assumptions about the world, not in that of physics.
"lost decade", how cute :)

> The term originally referred to the years from 1991 to 2001, but the decade from 2001 to 2011 (Lost 20 Years) and the decade from 2011 to 2021 (Lost 30 Years) have been included by commentators.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lost_Decades
+1 for mattress, pillows, and sheets. I don’t know how I get a good night’s sleep because I sleep through it.
A heavy truck uses more gas than a light one. It's never free to move heavy things around, it's just another externality. There's certainly some economy of scale to having the grocery store do the moving instead of individually owned cars doing 'small' (on an industrial scale) runs to depots, but it's really pretty hard to account for.
I don't know why patents even exist at this point. I have seen many times an obvious thing has been patented, where anyone sane wouldn't think of patenting something like that. Most likely this is to get a PR e.g. "we are using patented technology", but if you worked on a software and then you learn someone has patented something that your software does years later, makes you feel uneasy and there is no defence against that.
One thing if companies are doing that for PR, but if "their IP" gets taken over by patent trolls...
Seattle is the most anxious major metro in the U.S., new data shows
Tencent and Alibaba source codes hacked
I work in the patent field, mostly in technology patent (5G, wireless, IoT, etc...)

Patents in tech from what I know are valid for 20 years and that includes all countries that operate with PCT (patent cooperation treaty)

https://www.wipo.int/pct/en/

Most countries you could think off operate within PCT laws.

While I had heard about the Mickey Mouse treaty I never dug into it too much, there are different patent for different stuff I think the personal protection characters that are the face of something (like Mickey Mouse) are some of the most outrageous long term patent.

But for technology most patent only last 20 years and while I won't get into the nitty gritty of how patent protection works its mostly done to protect big companies from spending alot of money on RnD and then having there competitors steal the done invention and profit from it.

Big techs are in general lenient when a pop a mom shop infringes on an ip within the 20 years period.

Just wanted to clear things up, most inventions that you guys could think up that would be patentable are only for 20 years not 100.
Regular Releases are Wrong. Roll For Your Life

> Upstream packages change fast

> Upstream support is typically short, shorter than the life-time of some LTS distributions

> SUSE (and others) maintain a large number of distribution variants that need to be updated regularly

> Upstream projects are getting larger and larger

> Using stable release and trying to back-port security fixes
isn't safer than using the latest versions with all the security fixes

> The closer you are to upstream the better it is for everyone

> It's easier to work with upstream

> It's easier to contribute and submit patches

> Slow and conservative updates models don't work

> Slow update models are not more sustainable

> Slow update models undermine "Open Source"

> "Partially Slow" is "Totally Broken"

https://linuxreviews.org/Richard_Brown:_Regular_Releases_are...
Still a helluvalot better than just burying that glass in landfills. Requires gas to get it there as well, yaknow.
Not everyone has mitigation. If you know your competitor is hosted by a small hosting outfit you can get them banned from their webhost by directing a DOS attack at them.
The paper you link is like garbage, there are plenty of resourcces that are intellectually honest.
Leibniz did take binary form I Ching, where it was used to formalize bones thrown on turtle shells for fortune telling, to consider this 'plagiarism' is idiotic.
Store of value proposition has never been stronger though which is the driving force behind this speculative wave. Simply the idea has never been more sound and that's trivially easy to understand to most.
Please don't post ideological flamewar comments to HN, or take HN threads further into flamewar generally. It's not what this site is for, and it destroys what is for.

https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html

As for politics- there's no ban. The question of what's on topic vs. off topic is complex. I've posted many long explanations of this: https://hn.algolia.com/?dateRange=all&page=0&prefix=false&so.... Some links to start with, if you want to read more:

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=21607844

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=22902490

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=17014869

If anyone has a question that hasn't been answered there, I'd like to know what it is, and if you know a better way for HN to relate to political topics while fulfilling its mandate, I'd definitely like to know what it is. Just please familiarize yourself with the past explanations first, because if it's something simple like "just ban politics" or "just allow everything", I've answered many times already why it won't work.
Engineers today are just “technicians” who use libraries
Your link requires children to be "immunized" against the diseases, which presumably does not mean "vaccinated". (For example, I have never had a chickenpox vaccine.)
Nuclear Fusion has been 20 years away for 70 years.
Well done on your project. I generally do not like 'some' NFTs but I only like this one because it is on Solana.

At least the fees are acceptable for use-cases like this and not so incredibly high on just sending $1 to another wallet.
“ The single most remunerative client for Axiom in the last two years has been Marathon Petroleum, giving Kinney’s firm $525,000 worth of business. Marathon is a member of a powerful oil industry organization that battled proposals to ban hydraulic fracturing”

“The thing that is so powerful about this luxury dinner story is that Newsom also risked the lives of Californians by violating his own Covid recommendations to party with the same oil lobbyist,” said Kassie Siegel, director of the Center for Biological Diversity's Climate Law Center, which is planning a lawsuit over the state's issuance of oil and gas well permits. “There's just so many ways that ordinary people are suffering such incredible pain,” she added, “and it just shows his hypocrisy to be partying with an oil lobbyist in the middle of this. It's just inexcusable.”

California voters don’t seem to care about the environment as much as they care about supporting their guy Gavin. Having a single party control the government often leads to corruption. It’s Party over Planet.