skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
for anyone interested there is a wonderful episode about how coffehouses became popular in Britain in the "In our Time" BBC podcast: https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/m000c4x1

> Melvyn Bragg and guests discuss the history and social impact of coffee. From its origins in Ethiopia, coffea arabica spread through the Ottoman Empire before reaching Western Europe where, in the 17th century, coffee houses were becoming established. There, caffeinated customers stayed awake for longer and were more animated, and this helped to spread ideas and influence culture. Coffee became a colonial product, grown by slaves or indentured labour, with coffea robusta replacing arabica where disease had struck, and was traded extensively by the Dutch and French empires; by the 19th century, Brazil had developed into a major coffee producer, meeting demand in the USA that had grown on the waggon trails.
It's more like companies lose sight of the what/how distinction. It's like this:

Objective: End the war with the Machines

Key Result: Neo is delivered to the Source so he can set us all free

Q. What's missing?

A. Strategy:

1) Rescue the Keymaker from the Merovingian

2) Blow up the power station and the emergency backup to disable the alarms

3) Infiltrate the building and have the Keymaker unlock the right door

4) Etc.

And without that third bit you're lost. It's good to have a goal, it's good to have things you can check to see how far along you are, but you need to map out what must be done to achieve forward progress also. A lot of companies confuse the journey for the destination and set OKRs without mapping out how that may be done. Or maybe they leave the how to lower levels, who I guess set OKRs of their own and delegate the how to their subordinates, etc.? I dunno.
So the main thing is libraries. If you write your library in Kotlin then it depends on the Kotlin runtime JARs which seriously bloats it's dependencies. Not a problem where the library is only applicable in Kotlin-land but if it's generally useful from Java/Clojure/Scala then it's better to write it in Java.

The other case is general OSS software, Java reaches a wider audience in my field (distributed databases, streaming data, etc). Java is pretty much considered the lingua-franca of Big Data with some very small Scala footprint and much less fluency in Kotlin.

I generally write all my own stuff ontop of these on Kotlin but drop down into Java where I need to be able to share things.
You can already do this using Hypothesis with the Pydantic plugin, https://pydantic-docs.helpmanual.io/hypothesis_plugin/. Here is an example for Quart-Schema (similar setup to FastAPI) https://pgjones.dev/blog/automatic-api-testing-2021.
I didn't mean to debate the value of Wikidata vs Wikipedia specifically, more just used them as examples of semantic data vs free-form thought. Humans don't think or produce cultural output in neat units of semantic data. That sort of classification usually comes after the fact, with effort and delay, vs our natural thought and speech patterns (which tend to be rambling, meandering, interdisciplinary, emotive, inconsistent, etc.)

It's not that prose is any more or less valuable than classification, but that classification takes a lot of work and doesn't come naturally to most knowledge producers. It's a speciality unto itself that most people aren't super interested in. In the case of schema.org and RDF, that effort had no visible impact on anything, so people just stopped trying after a while. In the case of Wikidata, it's still ongoing, but nowhere near as popular as the more natural (to our species) output of Wikipedia.

FWIW, I'm saying this as someone who spent time classifying articles on Wikipedia, contributing to Wikidata, marking up our pages with microdata, managing databases for a living, etc. I'm not philosophically against better classification. Just observing that efforts to automatically describe human output via algorithms and ML seem to work a lot better than asking human content editors to self-classify their output with anything more complex than WordPress tags. People don't tend to enjoy or be effective at complex classifications, especially when there's no visible benefit from it. All that microdata never really surfaced anywhere and there was no useful mechanism of discovery or sharing.
Neal Stephenson published a new book in late October 2021 called Termination Shock. Not a recommendation but more of an FYI for fans if his work.
“Google can compete for Pentagon contracts without violating principles”
I don't know what your project is specifically, but it's reasonable that a system-level user-facing application might want to depend on Numpy or Scipy.
Of course it could. AFAIK that's what the US has always been doing. Not so much Russia or China. But India tried to minimize debris as well.
What I used to do in the past was simply use the Shift + Shift support provided by XKB directly. LShift+RShift went one way through a list of layouts, and RShift+LShift went the other way: for the two most used layouts, I just switched left and right, and then I could find others.

For your exact usecase, you can simply set setxkbmap to be executed on particular key presses instead (eg. "setxkbmap dk" will set a Danish layout; there are many more options and you can combine it with other things — this is basically used internally by all those layout switchers).
You're conflating workstations with personal computers.

In the 90s systems like OS/2 and NeXT were defined as "workstations" to make a distinction between the old lineage of personal computing platforms (like Win 9x and Mac OS running on typically budget hardware) from high end systems running typically multi-user systems (often literally mainframe OSs).

Post-90s and the "workstation" definition went away when NeXT became OS X and NT replaced the DOS-bootloaded Windows lineage; and dedicated workstation hardware became cost ineffective due to improvements in consumer hardware -- not least of all x86 (and later AMD64).

But in the 90s the distinction was real.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Workstation
Virtualenvs don't require using unfiltered/unsupervised/untrusted sources. They're a place to install things into, not a place to get things from.

The specific model that distros could adopt, if we went this route, is that each Python package builds into a .whl, they're build-dependencies of applications, and applications install .whls into a virtualenv at build time. You'd still restrict packages to come from the distro with the usual policies (built from source code, compliant with licensing, not contacting the network at build time, etc. etc.).

So, for instance, installing "python-somelib" would get you a /usr/share/python-wheels/somelib-1.0.whl, built from source. The build process of "someapp" would create a /usr/share/someapp/venv, pip install that wheel into that virtualenv, and then symlink /usr/bin/someapp to /usr/share/someapp/venv/bin/someapp.

The PEP goes into more details about why virtualenvs are recommended, and I can give you a whole host of subtle reasons, but that's not really the point - the point is that it's defensible, not that it's perfect, and that it's very easy to implement with what works today. So if you ask the PSF to come up with something that magically solves the problems and makes people sad if necessary, this is literally what they're going to come up with. If you don't like that outcome (and there are good reasons not to like it!), then you shouldn't ask for them to arbitrarily pick an outcome some people won't like.
Write You a Chat for Great Good (With Java 17, Actors, and JBang)
Most of that wealth occurred through policy layers, corruption within systems, or bruteforce/violence - not because there's a financial-transactional later.

Also,

- $1.9B in crypto currency stolen by hackers last year [that's known about/reporter]; https://www.securitymagazine.com/articles/94627-19b-in-crypt...

- Bitcoin extortion: How cryptocurrency has enabled a massive surge in ransomware attacks (Crypto revenues from ransomware surged more than 300% in 2020 from the year before) - https://www.marketwatch.com/story/bitcoin-extortion-how-cryp...

How does that criminal activity keep scaling? And you do you think criminal enterprise won't target to infiltrate organizations who hold large amounts of Bitcoin et al to infiltrate to steal the keys to the vault? Then the only way to counter that is centralized database/service to check all transactions through to make sure the funds didn't originate from criminal activity, and then centralized authority for enforcement, etc.

Bitcoin Maximalists or crypto-"currency" enthusiasts skip over, don't respond to such criticism as it doesn't fit into their glossy propagandist narratives that Bitcoin etc al are godsend - they keep the scope of conversation and talking points narrow or cordoned off - which is super obvious with most Bitcoin spokespeople, though the most popular are intelligent ideologues who speak beautifully, poetically, in inspiring way that's motivating - but still lacks the rigor of challenge by peer confrontation; Jordan Peterson recently had a popular Bitcoiner on to speak, it's good he's diving deep into it, let's hope he doesn't get too indoctrinated into an imbalanced/out of balanced doctrine spread by financially motivated individuals; imagine if being part of a religion and proselytizing was financially advantageous - where the earlier on you're in on the pyramid (with contributions to the church to "show your commitment") lead to a potential windfall or promise of such if and once everyone in the world is part of that religion/cult.
Python libraries shipped by distributions are so old that this mechanism is mostly useless for python development.

This also applies to many others programming languages which have their own packaging systems.

While python packaging is indeed messy the needs of traditional linux distributions are by far the least important. Python packaging needs to better serve the needs of python developers, not those of sysadmins.

Having a "linux distro" interpose itself between you and your libraries is a fundamentally broken system not worth fixing. All decisions related to dependency choices fundamentally belongs with upstream.
> In 1994, "the west" will supply Chechen insurgents and help them with press campaigns and supply via proxy.

sources, this is quite an outlandish claim?

> In 2014, Russia will supply Donbass insurgents and help them with press campaigns and supply via proxy.

Do you mean Russian troops invaded Ukraine but took off their id tags and have full military support? (and diplomatic since everyone knows they're Russian troops and anyone other then Ukraine killing them would provoke war?)
>Use this new feature wherever services already have a ‘none’ checkbox.

So I guess this is mostly about standardization in the toolkit, which makes the whole thing easier to work on and modify (or translate into a different front end) in the long run.
IE (all versions) seems to have 1-2% market share, so I'm not sure it's worth jumping through hoops for.
When a product is good enough the UI/UX folks don't have anything left to do, so UI's keep being rebooted due to job safety.
> Create virtualenv with the Python version you want (including pypy!) and do your pip thing there

You might benefit from using Pipx in this case: https://pypa.github.io/pipx/

Pipx is good for the case of "I want to run a standalone Python application that is available through Pip, but not my system's package repo." This is a more common case than you might think.

It's a sensible alternative to `pip install --user`, and having self-contained deps for tool is a bit like `npm install --global` or even `volta install`.
I like my favorite here: https://wiki.nikitavoloboev.xyz/research/blogs#favorite-blog...
When you said in your initial comment "save the forests" I did not imagine you talking about restoring the historical forest from thousands of years ago, rather the forests of recent decades.

Yes, I did read it and see that they wanted a cut (also, assuming people didn't read the article because they don't agree with your take is super lame). Can't say I blame them, why should they starve while the rest of the world has already gotten theirs and burned all the coal and timber they wanted. I think your idea of having historical uninterrupted forests is unrealistic and unnecessary barring all humanity dying or leaving earth for some other planet,]. I personally can't stand this degrowth mindset that would bring us back to the hunter gatherer era as it's unrealistic and unhelpful in tackling humanity's current problems. The genie is out of the bottle, no one is going back to a pure hunter gatherer lifestyle.

Edit, grammar error and changing "forests today" to "forests of recent decades" to be more precise
Can you link which Julia you are speaking about?
Note that GET requests should be side-effect free. Not just idempotent.
That means a GET request that turns your lights on, or opens your garage door (which is idempotent) is still wrong.
Chess can look like checkers if the move looks simple; Russia would have had plenty of time to plan this out and respond to the acceleration towards exponential rate that the U.S./SpaceX's trajectory is currently on, as a little wave, a reminder of "hey, we're here too."
I think a lot of people have interest in doing so, but a lot of rich and influential people don't
GNOME begs to differ though.
You are probably right. It's one of those things where I've not seen a need to jump aboard. I'm still being fearful of reflection going to break on me. Probably irrational fear, but fed by me not understanding how it wouldn't break. Which I should study up on. Which I don't, since I don't have the need. And here I am ... vicious circle.
I once attempted to install a program that was distributed via pypi (pip was the only way I could install software on that server). The shebang in the script file was #!/bin/python. Thats python2 on most Linux distros and so it couldn't run
I think you misunderstand. I’m talking about running apps shared over some untrusted (or partially trusted) medium, be that airdrop or whatever else.
The study you link to makes no attempt to control for recent reduction of salt
intake because of an increased risk of cardiovascular disease.

To put it plainly, people who consume abnormally low amounts of salt don't do it
out of choice - nobody enjoys eating their food without salt. They do it because
the doctor tells them that it's either that, or a heart attack.

It makes sense of course that cardiovascular events will be more prevalent in
this group than any other group.

Studies like the one you link to control for pre-existing cardiovascular
disease, but having CV disease doesn't mean you cut down on salt.

The same methodological flaw has previously caused studies to report that very
low alcohol consumption is better than moderate alcohol consumption for the
heart, for example. I have a link somewhere if you want.

Btw, the study you linked to used the data from two studies comparing two
anti-hypertensive drugs to each other or to placebo, so we know that basically
everyone in the study already had some kind of underlying disease. Additionally,
the study data included a one-time measurement, which significantly reduces its
statistical power, despite its large population (you gotta take multiple
measurements to minimise sampling error).
> if you run your business by relying on people you will be affected by such accidents, if you run your business as if everyone is interchangeable you won't. Even if they are not easily replaceable.

This right here is the problem and a fundamental error.

It is a recipe for guaranteed disaster because you have completely ignored all the knowledge, experience and expertise which one has gathered over a period of time. Unless and until the task is trivial and/or very well defined with all constraints, assumptions and risks clarified people are not interchangeable.

Paraphrasing Isaac Asimov: [Knowledge Work] does not mean my Ignorance is just as good as your Knowledge.
Tesla tried this. The issue of battery condition is too difficult. No one wants to swap out their brand new pack and chance getting a heavily degraded pack back. Or swap out a heavily degraded pack to be offered a new pack but with a $10k surcharge for the improved battery condition.
In new electric cars the battery is a structural component so you can't really remove it to begin with.
wow, 'risk' has arab origin! Again. Like sifr (=0) became german "Ziffer" (=digit)
See my sibling comment: my fears are irrational.
I had the same idea about Notion before, and after using it the best way I have to describe is that it is a database manager, and what can it do is up to you. You can use it for simple note taking (and it does have nice features for that), but also add databases in certain formats, with properties, links between them, run "queries", add reminders... In a sense, it's like coding a (very) basic application without coding. Pretty helpful, for example I use it for managing recipes and shopping lists automatically (among other things).
IMHO it's also an useful illustration that being able to replace people is asymmetric.

It may be that Bob can do Joe's specialization at half speed, but it's plausible that Joe can't do Bob's specialization properly at all, even after a year of training; so replaceability only works one way.

And I have worked with engineers that could do improvements to an unfamiliar component/subsystem faster than the current engineer who is the most familiar with it; i.e. their time of learning+adaptation+implementation was faster than the other persons' implementation alone. And it's not that the other engineer was incompetent, they were quite reasonable.
We are in an era where observation satellites are critical to military power.

And sending a nuclear bomb for a lost western military satellite would not be an appropriate response.
Users generally don't want Python packages; they want software. They don't care what it's written in, and shouldn't have to install it differently depending on what you chose.

“Just learn $language_package_manager_of_the_day, and hope it doesn't break anything when your system changes” is the equivalent of the 90s “./configure ; make ; make install”, and we should have moved past that for end-users by now. Most users are not developers, and installation procedures need to cater to both.
>"Poisoning of Alexander Litvinenko"

Morbidly enough this incident appeared on the UK A-level physics paper one year as part of the module on nuclear physics. I think the task was to explain why alpha radiation is so dangerous if ingested.
>do you honestly think "The European Central Bank chairwoman is a felon convicted for massive government payouts" would give the average reader an accurate view of what happen?

absolutely. Your wikipedia link is absolutely clear :

"the court found Lagarde guilty of negligence"

So, she is a convicted felon for conveniently looking the other way. Some of course may question whether the 400M euro is "massive" these days...
Just a heads-up, you might want to take down the example website. Now that it's been posted to HN you might see malicious actors.

I also think it's prone to SQL injection at the moment? At least, it's raising a syntax error when inputting an apostrophe.
(I meant to write *more relevant)
If your distro dumps all the installed files into `/usr/lib/python3` without distinguishing among 3.8, 3.9, etc.
If only mere mortals could get hold of it…
My usual approach is to let the distro install the packages it wants and then, for each thing I'm working on (I sometimes write Python code for a living) can have a separate environment with different module versions. This makes sense when my artifacts are deployed via Docker images that are generated with `pip install`, but not as much if you plan to install them in your machine. The only thing I build like this for public consumption is pip-chill, which is not intended to be used with the bare Python environment of the distro (I probably should add something that makes it refuse to install that way).

Even when the things are not Python-based, I often use a virtual environment, managed with virtualenvwrapper (installed on the distro level). One example is a Terraform config that relies on some Python tools to manage deployments - the Python tools are local to that virtual environment and not usable anywhere else.

If I need to develop something that'll need to run with the distro directly (something that could be distributed as ditro packages) I'd use a virtual environment and tailor the package versions in requirements to the ones available in the distro. This way, multiple distros can be addressed with multiple environments pointing to the same source directory and multiple requirements files for tests.
Hi. Alloy 6 co-author here. We've been writing a tutorial/book (which we hope to publish on paper too), you may find its contents interesting:
https://haslab.github.io/formal-software-design/
"First Things, while predominantly Catholic, is ecumenical. They have regular columns from protestants, Jews, Muslims"

For what it's worth, "ecumenical" means promoting Christian unity. So if Catholics carry dialogue with protestants, it may be ecumenical in nature, but with Jews or Muslims (as commendable and fruitful as it may be, but that's not the point) it can't be called that.
Barbados to set up embassy in “metaverse”
Hm, why? I'm a happy user of PYTHONPATH!
> The sane option would be to use a codemod to rewrite your code to not need bespoke tooling configurations.

1. Absolute paths are not "bespoke tooling config", it's a tsconfig setting

2. Requiring some code to be served from a specific url is not "bespoke tooling config", it's a requirement for quite a few projects

3. Forcing someone to mindlessly and absolutely needlessly re-write thousands of import statements isn't really a solution

4. This will still not fix "failed to resolve "extends":"../../tsconfig.json"" and who knows what other errors
Forget all that. If we tried to swich half the cars to electric overnight, the power grid would collapse into a permanent blackout. Has anyone estimated the cost and time of upgrading the power grid for electric cars? Is hydrogen delivery from power plants to electric charging stations a viable option to bridge the gap until the grid is upgraded?
Do they even pretend to make hard drives? Not in their shop at least: https://eshop.macsales.com/shop/hard-drives/3.5-SerialATA. Perhaps they do produce their own SSD's, as do many companies, since that's trivial in comparison. Definitely not hard drives, though.
I missed that. Most likely because they are a long way to reboot InteliJ on Compose for Desktop.
Are there any computers that stand well against an EMP?
I think the source of the maladaption lies in the use of money to make people do things they would never otherwise do. Asking ourselves who we would be to others if we had money at least somewhat insulates us from the effect of this mental wildfire.
There's probably a net gain on the latest Apple M1 chip for faster time to complete compiling.
The problem here is that distros only supply one version of the package which means you gain nothing by having that same version installed in multiple virtualenvs.

So I guess the problem actually lies in the python library ecosystem that's becoming a npm like dependency hell.

The relevant question here is probably whether the library ecosystem is like that because the packaging tooling sucks or is it the other way around?
Yeah, it looks like rolling our own esbuild commands might be the way to go because "just switch to vite already" doesn't work, does it?