skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> How was tobacco a monopoly?

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_v._American_Toba....

> And if it were a monopoly why was it profitable to farmers instead of the monopolist squeezing the farmers?

The monopolists did squeeze the farmers. It was still profitable for the farmers, but under what a fair market rate would be. Just because you're getting paid enough to keep going doesn't mean you're getting a fair rate.

It's sort of like the SF tech anti poaching. No one denies that SF engineers get paid a lot. That also doesn't mean that they didn't get shafted out of thousands by a wage fixing scheme.
> The type that could influence otherwise [...] well-meaning, [...] people

If any thing, this sector tends to prove the emptiness of the "well-meaning" term. It reminds me of Arendt's claim about the banality of Eichmann's evil .

In the current case, well-meaning simply doesn't exist. It's an excuse people use after the fact, but in reality, the people described this way are usually either thoughtless about the morality of their actions or corrupted by their own interests. They can't be well meaning, because their means don't factor in ethics.

The point Arendt makes is that you don't need to deliberately do evil to be evil. Not thinking is enough. As for the crypto crowd, I hope that the people that didn't think through the consequences of their actions will come to realize it before they do something really fucked up.
Or you know, we could click a radio button on the shop website and be able to choose: reparable vs secure.

But they didnt think about that one...
But the D-D -> He3 reaction produces a neutron. So the whole approach could hardly be called aneutronic?
Strictly speaking, dependently-typed languages don't even have a clear-cut phase separation between "compile time" and "run time" (other than via "code extraction" to a non-dependently typed language as an add-on feature). It's clear however that the Rust const-generics 'MVP' is quite far from the flexibility of full dependent types.
So I'm a little confused. This whole thread implies that in the States you get laid off and ushered out of the building on the same day? Is that common practice?

I understand that most(?) Of the US is an "at will" jurisdiction, but where I'm from all employment contracts have a notice period in them. So when employment is terminated, by either party, there is a 2-4 week period where the employee works out their notice.

Often in the case of lay offs there would be plenty of heads up before the official notice period as well.

Only in the most egregious cases of misconduct could an employer get away without a notice period.
The least strange thing is that it would also originate in a government lab
President Biden's Bipartisan Infrastructure Deal
To create a chip requires machines from many vendors and integrating them. So there's a collaborative roadmap for the industry.

A single vendor couldn't speed this process by much, because he won't have those missing tools.
Bad cache behavior: you're on core B, and the object is used by core A and in A's L2 cache. Just by getting a pointer to the object, you have to mutate it. Mutation invalidates A's cache entry for it and forces it to load into B's cache.

determinism: you reset a pointer variable. Once in a while, you're the last referent and now have to free the object. That takes more instructions and cache invalidation.
Many people have weekend off. This includes friends, lived ones, family, thus, a layoff on Friday, can mean time spend with these people instead of sitting home alone on a weekday, mad?

Postal, or just depressed with the news, in may help to have higher odds for the comfort of others.
Counterpoint: people back then saw people chain-smoke cigarettes all day long with no apparent ill effect.
These past years Safari gets two releases per year, the big one with the release of MacOS in fall and a .1 spring release, adapting web technologies and sometimes extra releases tied to other Apple events and Apple proprietary APIs

I'm somewhat sceptical about evergreen browser, but that's mostly because I hate having the user interface changed under me without any action on my part. I would have hated to get the Safari 15 Beta just by opening my browser in the morning. A better update strategy seems to me to keep the big UI changes for a yearly update; but update the web engine somewhat more often, bi-monthly or so.
Sorry that should say "companies and organisations should expect to simultaneously annoy and encourage different groups whenever they support movements, even ones that seem in their name or basic statement to be fair or innocuous like this".

I iterate what I post a lot and didn't re-read, had company. I apologise, I know that is frustrating.
Wonder how much relation between
this and Orbital from Redox [0].

[0] https://www.redox-os.org/
He has done some exciting work, but he hasn't done any physics in ages. If you don't (by choice or ability) do the work to prove your ideas, you can't expect anyone else to. If he wants to revolutionize physics, he can't leave that to others. That attitude is a defining characteristic of a crank.

Cranks can do good work, but when they get out of their depth and don't realize it, blaming everyone else, that's when they become cranks.

I like Wolfram, and I think there are some interesting and fundamental insights in among the relentless self promotion, but ANKOS is a painful read, even though I find cellular automata a fascinating model.
https://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i=stars+in+the+observabl...
In One River by Wade Davis, Tim Plowman is talking about the tropane alkaloids present in some of the Solanaceae family and relates:

"My grandmother would never eat tomatoes. She said they were the devil’s fruit, that we only thought they could be eaten, and that eventually everyone who ate them would be cursed.”
It has a sane half-tile option as well. You rarely need to divide up the screen more than that.
I've been reading Double Entry: How the Merchants of Venice Created Modern Finance by Jane Gleeson-White, and the last few chapters are an exploration of double entry accounting's inability to factor in environmental degradation and social costs. In the end, price and money are poor measures of important things in this world.

Raj Patel estimates that the true cost of a Big Mac is $200: https://www.sfgate.com/books/article/The-Value-of-Nothing-by...
It amazes me that things so basic and fundamental like understanding the way indexes work are often overlooked or not leveraged
My experience was similar to yours. It's been a few years but I used to commute weekly from DC to NY. Sometimes I'd take the Acela and sometimes the regional, depending on price. I never had an issue either way. My biggest inconvenience was the shitty waiting area and mob of people at Penn Station, but even that was better than the TSA lines at the airport (or the dreaded Dulles people mover shudder).
For those interested in hearing about his theory/work, Sean Carroll (theoretical physicist) did a very long podcast with him about it.

I'd highly recommend Sean's podcast in general for those interested in physics topics and prefer a more technical discussion that the usual physics podcasts.

https://www.preposterousuniverse.com/podcast/2021/07/12/155-...
You can also literally never step in the same river twice, but that's a bit more metaphysical than literal. Photos by the robbers before they vandalized the site would be invaluable. Nowhere near as good as if they'd left it intact, but better than nothing.
I think this is indeed common in the US.
Walmart has stopped fighting the $7k fine for a worker's death in 2008 (2015)
What does the stock valuation have to do with the profit of the actual enterprise?
No, people die. A 99 year old can't have a life expectancy of 70 years.

You want life expectancy at birth, by year of birth, for proper comparison.
Bizarre move. AFAIK he does whatever he wants at MSR. Maybe he's sick of that environment's politics; maybe he's sick of academic research/the ICFP crowd and wants to work on "real world" stuff. I can't imagine it's about money.
What the author describes... is called drafting a spec.

It's something that's taught to first year engineering students (map and understand all the constrains of a problem before attempting to solve it, or else pay the price later...).
I'm not certain but in this context * may be a wildcard.
Is there even a SATA connector inside or is the USB interface directly on the hdd pcb?
> Why is this? Doesn't seem like that would be something inherent to ref counting.

Once I know I can read the data, it usually doesn't matter that another thread is also reading it. Reference counting changes that because we both need to write to the count every time either of us takes or drops a reference to the data, and in the latter case we need to know what's happened on the other core, too. This means a lot more moving of changing data between processor cores.

> > Also, not deterministic

> I always thought that with ref counting, when you decrement a ref count that goes to 0 that it will then essentially call free on the object. Is this not the case?

That's my understanding, but is that "deterministic" as we mean it here? It's true that the same program state leads to the same behavior, but it's non-local program state, and it leads to you doing that work - potentially a lot of work, if you (eg) wind up freeing all of a huge graph structure - at relatively predictable places in your code.

There are good workarounds (free lists, etc) but "blindly throw language level reference counting at everything" isn't a silver bullet (or maybe even a good idea) for getting low-latency from your memory management.
Thank god governments exist to decide when I'm using my own money too wastefully. Funny how the portion of my money they already took and spent is never spent wastefully in their eyes.
> Not to mention the way they handle HiDPI and fractional scaling is atrocious.

What do you mean?
Except when layoffs are imminent, then you see the messages mentioned in the article.

Another 'spooky' indicator is if your manager texts you with a similar urgent message.

But i wholeheartedly agree that spookiness should be confined to layoffs.
This is not good Intel. Are you going to deprecate Windows next? Linux?
The military industrial complex has destroyed millions of lives and poisoned counties for decades to come. The abolition of the system that is perpetrating these crimes should be the top priority for any environmentalist and humanitarian.

Governments ability to print money is a critical component of this system.

Bitcoin can run on completely emission free energy and end the era of money printing.
Indoor smoking bans are about others. Other non smokers who do not want to smell disgusting cigarette smoke. It has tar in it and sticks to all surfaces and never goes away.
Mu4e can render HTML e-mails in Emacs (using Emacs’ shr render engine). Works well enough for most cases. When it doesn’t, there is a command for opening the message in your browser of choice. Re sending HTML: I personally think it’s a bad idea and don’t do it. But I think it‘s possible to write e-mails in org mode markup and them have them automatically converted to HTML. Probably easy to build something similar for Markdown, if it doesn’t exist yet.
I don't think it's a matter of shock, as so much people parroting the manufactured corporate resistance to Pascal that sneakily came from AT&T (birth place of C, C++, and Unix). Being "anti Pascal" or feeling its syntax is "alien" was something embedded into the C family language culture. To the extent some people act like their brain might explode if they can't have a language with curly braces or that any new language should go that direction.
Jurassic Park but with a Cat
These are phrased well because for most of them people are going to think "yeah, the other side is crazy". Only a few of that full thread reveal Zuby's bias.
There's few things as fun as a multiplayer notepad that wasn't intended to be an actual chat, before it's invaded by bots and spammers. Congrats on the fella that tried to paste an ascii art version of Pepe the Frog.
Car crashes and alcoholism aren't spreadable by breathing, the bad effects of alcoholism and cigarettes on other humans are less deadly than Covid.

You're denying that the vaccine actually works. I take it you aren't arguing my point that it's a lot better than saline, since you didn't mention it in your response.
Also feared by Europeans around the same time: bathing.
See also https://lightyear.one/
For me it was org-babel[1] that finally sucked me in. For example, I keep notes of various shell invocations as source blocks. Also various one-off SQL queries. Org-mode tables are surprisingly powerful too. Basically, a lot of things that I used to do occasionally are now contextualized and embedded in my notes.

[1] https://orgmode.org/worg/org-contrib/babel/intro.html
As I understand it, Windows 11's CPU limits are designed for CPU's that have specific hardware mtigiation for Spectre and Meltdown

Given that we're still seeing new variants of those today it doesn't feel like the most crushing requirement

Plus there's frankly nothing "compelling" about Windows 11 yet. All the promised features like SSD <--> GPU data transfers (mimicing the Xbox One and PS5) are just "things we're going to add" at some indeterminate date

Microsoft has by their own clock until 2025 to wow people over to Windows 11, and they've not even shown up to the race
Aren’t most of the rust toolkits immediate mode ones? It is probably not the best idea for a DE that has to run 0-24, as that would kill the battery very very fast.
As a consumer I would love to know if the used iPhone I’m buying has been repaired using unofficial components or by unofficial repair shops.

Disabling functionality is not the right way to implement this.
... Seriously, though, if you’re actually need this type of calculation regularly and didn’t just pick a random example, atomic-scale calculations are absolutely miserable to do in SI (and this is not a problem, it’s a human-scale, engineering system, after all; and its metrological aspects, which were the actual advance originally, are completely unimportant here).

If I had to do this in my head or with a desk calculator, I’d just do it in high-energy units (c = ℏ = 1, mass and energy in eV, length and time in eV^-1). So,

4 amu = 4 × 0.93 GeV (a proton weighs 939 MeV, an amu is slightly smaller due do binding energy, rounding to 1 GeV is good enough for most purposes) ≈ 4 GeV,

(1000 nm / s)^2 = (1e4 Å / s)^2 = (1e4 / 1.97 keV^-1 s^-1)^2 (an angstrom is a typical atomic size, a keV is a typical [large] atomic energy, a fermi aka femtometer is a typical nuclear size, a MeV is a typical [not so large] nuclear energy, remember any of 197 MeV fm = 1.97 keV Å = 1, though again 200 is almost always good enough) ≈ (1e4 / 2 keV^-1 s^-1)^2 = 25e6 keV^-2 s^-2,

4 GeV × 25e6 keV^-2 s^-2 = 4e6 keV × 100e6/4 × keV^-2 s^-2 = 1e14 keV^-1 s^-2.

This is slightly inconvenient, we wanted energy in eV, but the seconds don’t seem to want to go away. I don’t remember Planck’s constant in eV s, but I do remember 2 keV Å ≈ 1 and 300e3 km/s = 3e8 m/s = 1, so let’s sprinkle it with those,

1e14 keV^-1 s^-2 ≈ 1e14 keV^-1 s^-2 × (2 keV Å)^2 / (3e8 m/s)^2 = 4/9 × 1e14 × 1e-16 keV Å^2 m^-2 = 0.44 × 1e14 × 1e-16 keV × (1e-10)^2 ≈ 0.44e-22 keV ≈ 0.44e-19 eV.

The hardest part is pretending to be a normal person: you have to remember what an electronvolt actually is in normal units. Good thing this is numerically the same as remembering the charge of an electron in coulombs (1 eV = 1.6e-19 J),

0.44e-19 eV = 0.44e-19 eV × 1.6e-19 J / eV (turns out converting to a decimal fraction wasn’t a good idea after all, powers of two FTW) ≈ 4/9 × 16 × 1e-1 × 1e-19 × 1e-19 J = 64/9 × 1e-39 J ≈ 63/9 × 1e-39 J = 7e-39 J.

Good enough to a couple percent.

OK, I won’t pretend that this is easy or that I did it flawlessly the first time just now, but I do think this looks like a skill you could plausibly learn, unlike the textbook “SI all the things” calculation. The good news is that you’ve just seen essentially all the relevant constants you’re going to have to remember, except maybe Avogadro’s number if you’re going to have moles somewhere.

(One place where this doesn’t help is first-principles chemistry, things like electrolysis, because you need to subtract large binding energies to get a change that’s hundreds to thousands times smaller. Calculating things to a couple percent just isn’t good enough.)
I'm not sure what the best implementation of decentralized identity is (although proof-of-personhood systems like BrightID seem interesting[0]), but ideally the different platforms would cryptographically sign statements for you like "This user has a positive reputation on our platform" which you can disclose to other platforms without them being able to learn your username on the original platform.

[0] https://www.brightid.org/
What is energy waste though? If I get more happy by mining Bitcoin than playing computer games, is it okay for me to use the energy I would have used for playing to mine instead?

I think that about 95 % of the activities that humans do professionally are a complete waste of time. Does it follow that I should be for banning these activities?
In 1998, the Czech hockey team won the Olympic Games at Nagano and there was a huge crowd waiting for their return on the Old Town Square in Prague.

I went there too, having no experience with crowds of that size. Waves of movement started going through the crowd, sudden bursts of violent pressure that moved you 10 feet or so suddenly. I found it hard to stay upright. Of course, everyone was screaming, so no cries for help would be of any use.

I fled the situation as soon as there was an opening in the crowd. AFAIK no one was hurt that night, but I am still glad I didn't stay. The vicious power of the surges was overwhelming.
Presumably it would be some sort of signing solution, which would be a level of cryptography that not even the NSA with their infinite resources can defeat. Their only hope is to find bugs in the system that can be exploited. In this case such a “bug” would be replacing a module that doesn’t have any hardware integrity checking.
> know how to dress on any given day is totally appropriate

No, 5year-olds can't [all] track the three different "special" outfit days in a week and know whether to take in the clothes or dress in them in the morning. Many five-year-olds don't know which day comes after which, and most don't have literary skills to write themselves a reminder or to log on to a computer calendar and check. They need parental help. I can tell you that some of us parents find it difficult to track these things and keep everything straight, too.

Teachers absolutely do ask children to do tasks they can't achieve on their own (eg. I guess maybe rich families might have all the stuff to do an impromptu craft project but if you need pipe-cleaners and black card to make a spider for Hallowe'en then you need an adult to shop for/with you). But parent-child cooperative projects lead to better outcomes and children feel more engaged when their parents take part with them.

In our house there's no space in our kitchen for each person to make their own sandwiches, and that would be super inefficient. But yes, teenagers could take turns making for everyone; that's not good for our family though.
People feared lots of regular food and things that we use today so tomato is only one example :)
An RDBMS that scales infinitely while charging you per-row goes against the usual assumptions learned in the past decades, so I'd say yes that's a loaded footgun.
Did you ever consider starting a small airline as customer #0 for the reservation system?
But you can’t really not use these toolkits — they do an astonishing amount of work that you simply can’t replace without years of work.

The actual graphical part is easy, as well as using an existing toolkit. Writing a new one from scratch is ridiculously hard (but I guess they can reuse some libs?)
Fairly similar at least, yeah. Java has enough power in its reflection APIs, and widely-enough used reflection, that this kind of thing is practically required to be part of the runtime + have a cost. And that's probably the safest way to do things anyway.

I do think though that as it seems to be only a runtime thing, it's probably warning you far too late. If it were baked in statically so, when you pulled in a new http lib (or just updated it), you approved the popup that said "let X access network and files?", it'd probably be a lot less painful 95% of the time. (since sometimes you'll want it more fine-grained)

---

Since I can't glean it from what I've skimmed so far: does SecurityManager let you do capabilities-like things? E.g. can you be given a SecurityManager as an argument, allowing code using that manager to temporarily access a file, while normally blocking it? Or is it something closer to "applies to a ClassLoader"? Though with enough effort and runtime cost you could make those equivalent, of course.
why not take bart, especially anywhere near market? it's roughly $10 to either sfo or oak and pretty reliable.

in LA, the flyaway is affordable and relatively reliable too, if your destination is near downtown, or on the red or orange lines.
On HN I'm used to SE meaning Software Engineer so I came up with "Software Engineer Ranting Board" before asking Google to give me the SERP that would provide me with the true meaning of SERP.
Karen Sit your racist ass down somewhere By, Evon Latrail
The global tobacco industry is more concentrated than ever, we might see Altria and Philipp Morris International merge again, then practically all of the world's cigarettes will be sold by 4-5 companies.

For Tobacco companies a few things are going on, the number of cigarettes sold in Western countries is declining, yet profits are up (a conundrum explained by the industry's enormous pricing power). Smoking rates are still extremely high in countries like Indonesia.

The biggest brands in the various "alternative" tobacco products like e-cigarettes are already owned by the conventional incumbents.

Simultaneously these stocks face a lot of ESG pressure and are being sold by many funds on principle, not valuation. Just looking and multiples on profit, it is remarkable how low the valuations of some of these firms is.
Roman salves in some case could become full citizens. Slavery was different for different cultures treatment varied greatly from situation to situation. The closer the slave was to the rich the better they were treated in general
In europe the infrastructure is run far more intensively than in the past, a 60 second delay at a station while someone holds the doors has a knock on at a busy junction which leads to 20 minute delays 100 miles away for the next few hours, just like someone cutting in on an interstate can cause a brake wave causing delays an hour later 20 miles away.

This intensiveness is to transport the largest number of people possible.
Wild deciduous forests leave (hah!) a lot of carbon in the soil that is created.

The soils that Europe has strip-mined of carbon were built up in a relatively short period after the last ice age. IIRC the rate of soil build-up in some places was about a foot per century.

> Once again the stated goals do not meet with the proposed actions.

Yes, photosynthesis is far too slow to be useful at the required scale and in the required timeframe.

Accelerated weathering of olivine[1] could work and be cheap enough.

Rock weathering is how carbon dioxide is actually removed from the atmosphere over the long term. Accelerated weathering works by increasing surface area of the rock and temperature to increase chemical reaction rates.

> ulterior motives

I don't think that this is nearly as big a problem as the sheer innumeracy of the political class, and their refusal to look at the problem squarely.

1. https://old.reddit.com/r/slatestarcodex/comments/pc0reb/an_a...