skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Surely more than 15 years! 50 maybe?
Apple Hires Tesla’s Autopilot Software Director for Car Effort
Safari has been more efficient and is better integrated with the OS from my experience.
Very little drug development happens in academia. You are missing all the time, money spent in public and private markets in the biotech ecosystem that Pharma largely is the back end buyer for through off-balance sheet acquisitions/deals. VCs collectively spend tens a billions a year on biotech (~40B this year), and much more in public markets (IPOs and secondary public finances).

In the example you bring up. Moderna raised and spent billions over a decade since it was founded on the 'academic invention', and didn't have a product until their vaccine. The same is true for BioNTech. There was a large chance these companies could have folded, and before the pandemic, most were deeply skeptical.
When Twitter first came out I thought it would be an RSS for the masses. I thought 140 characters is useless for conversation, but a reasonable length for a title and link.

Definitely got that prediction wrong.
Living in jail opened my eyes to how little food a human actually needs to survive and how insane the eating habits of a typical Westerner, in particular, actually are.

In jail the biggest complaints from everyone were how small the portions of food were, but the calories were actually more than anyone needed, it was just that society had programmed everyone to believe they needed a certain quantity, rather than quality, of food every day.
Do we need more physics research? I guess it depends a lot on how you define physics, but it seems like outside of possibly better silicon nodes, there isn't a whole lot of low hanging fruit in physics at the moment. When physics does get research funding it gets dropped into building giant machines that, at vast expense, have discovered virtually nothing.

It feels like right now most areas of academia are consuming far more resources than their useful output could really justify, which is perhaps why in so many fields it's so heavily dependent on government funding (vs say computer science where academic/corporate lab collaborations are quite common).
Please don't post in the flamewar style to HN. We don't need anti-Mayan flamewars any more than anti-any-other-$thing flamewars.

https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
I was a software engineer briefly before starting grad school. During that time, I found I didn't have the time to sit down and learn about topics that interested me. I also wanted to be in research-y roles where I could build things that were more experimental and less well understood.

During my PhD, I got to spend time learning, and attending talks/seminars/conferences. Gaining deeper background knowledge in my field as well as learning how to quickly evaluate and explore new ideas gave me the tools to have the type of job I wanted. I'm a research scientist at an industrial lab now and quite enjoy it.

That being said, I agree with the grandparent post that doing a PhD can be a grueling experience. I had to carry the bulk of the work for many of the papers I submitted. If I took a day off, nobody would pick up the slack. Tight deadlines meant the only way to succeed was putting in long hours. My advisors were also spread very thin so it was difficult to get a lot of time with them. There were times when I felt very alone. This was a really stark contrast to how collaborative engineering in industry was and I don't think I ever fully adjusted to it. My current job feels like a happy middle ground. I publish papers alongside other people and we split the work.
The original IBM PC could have been 5Mhz. But, it was set to 4.77Mhz instead because that way the NTSC out feature of the video card could piggyback it's signal generator off of the CPU clock rather than paying for an additional clock. That way you didn't necessarily have to buy a computer monitor. You could cheap out and use your existing TV instead.

Later models obviously ran faster, but that broke the TV out feature. It seems bad to sell people a newer, more expensive model that loses a popular feature. So, a TV back-compat button was put in so you could still use your TV in cases where you really need to. Technically, you didn't lose the feature when you upgraded.

Also, some games were written with the assumption of a fixed 4.77Mhz clock and would run unplayably fast on newer machines. The back-compat button would slow the machine down so you could still play last-year's games.

But "NTSC Backwards Compatibility Button" is not a sexy name for a feature. So, some genius labeled it the "Turbo Button" even though it actually slowed down the machine.

Once the early machines had it, all the later machines had to have it too. For a long time it simply cut the clock rate in half. Eventually, it did nothing and was abandoned soon after.
It isn't outsourcing. If I moved to London, my pay would be adjusted down by like 45%.
> It turns out that the system they came up with offers good performance but doesn't tolerate memory leaks very well.

Can you be more specific here? It seems natural that a system with limited memory doesn't tolerate memory leaks very well.
Pre-pandemic real-world scenarios at my employer:

1. Employee switches to 100% at home situation, same team, same role. But they remain in the employer’s town, they don’t move away.

2. Same as scenario #1, but they move away to somewhere with a cheaper cost of living.

#1 suffers no pay reduction, but #2 does.
You might try signing up directly for a paid non/free account, if that is possible to do. I was using a free account, then switched to paying them. Individual API calls are very inexpensive.
This is exactly my experience as well. Old techniques are easier approved by peer review, I guess so there is little incentive to change?
Your users will do what you make easy
I'm not sure if you have heard about java spark [1]. Back in the day, around 2-3 years ago we used to implemented all our java service in java spark.

[1] https://sparkjava.com
most of those babies will probably die on their own anyways. If they do survive to adulthood it's only because they managed to kill some other bugs. So it'd be a net of less total bugs in your house if you just let them be
TL;DR: Games may look at the efficiency cores of new hybrid Intel CPUs and determine the CPU is too slow to run the game. Intel fix: If enabled in the firmware, you can disable those cores (leaving only the beefy ones) by pushing scroll lock.

(Disclaimer: No fact checking was performed on my end).
> originally published on my website, you know how to find it

I don't think that works. People are already lazy to click a link, imagine having to go to the blog and then search for the actual post
> You should categorically not be implementing chaining semantics unless your operations are non-mutating.

What if it's a method of the data object?
First of all welcome!

I hope the comments here are helpful. We would love to have you -- if I could speak for the world of software engineers at large -- make the transition, your fellow engineers are here to help!

The Changelog did a podcast about Sean who learned in public. By being humble and open to learning he bootstrapped his way into a career. He mentions FreeCodeCamp and then did a paid one after but your results may vary. Check out the conversation here: https://changelog.com/news/P5Gg/visit (I've no affiliation with The Changelog other than being a fan).

How do you like to learn? For me videos don't really work. I mean they work to get the basics but I have to build something to really get the knowledge in my skull and to keep it there.

There are a number of free resources via Youtube and Github like this (https://github.com/ossu/computer-science) that just require the investment of time. Consider a blog to log your learning over time the feedback could be valuable.

I hope that helps. Find me on twitter @gigatexal and via email alex at alexandarnarayan dot com
Ask HN: How to keep a straight face when being funny?
Whatever that is, it's definitely not a binary tree inversion bug.
Much of the work done is fully open source and are liberally licensed.

DeepMind and OpenAI have a bad rep in this regard.

But a lot is available for free (as in beer and speech).

And most of the research papers are released in arXiv. It's very refreshing.

The bottleneck is not the knowledge or code, but the compute. People are fighting this in innovative ways.

I have been an inactive part of Neuropark that first demoed collaborative training. A bunch of folks (some of them close to laypeople) ran their free Colab instances and trained a huge model. You can even utilize a swarm of GT1030s or something like that.

Also, if you have shown signs of success, you are very likely to have people willing to sponsor your compute needs, case in point- Eluether AI.

The situation is far from ideal with this megacorps rat race [0], and NLP research being more and more inaccessible, but it is not completely dark.

[0]: I, along with many respected figures tend to think that this scaling up stuff approach is not even useful. We can write good prose with GPT-3 nowadays, that are, for all intents and purposes, indistinguishable from text written by humans. But we are far, far away from true understanding. These models don't really understand anything and are not even "AI", so to speak.

The Transformer architecture, the backbone of all these approaches- is too brute-force-y for my taste to be considered something that can mimic or, further- be intelligent.
Like the answer to all of the juvenile notions of "the rich" - because they are the ones making, running, and maintaining the goddamned servers in question!

NFTs are dumb but so is the concept of no ownership in a way that conflates definitions so.

If it is popular to have say a World Tree in a pool as your spawn point and said map is a popular one you would still have instance ownership even if the map itself is free software. Having your own instance would be found preferrable to most compared to a common flooded one with millions clipping through each other and trolls rampant.
The author is specifically noting they're on Big Sur so they should not be affected by this.
Different markets have different dynamics, and therefore will react to economic interventions in different ways. Furthermore, the resulting effects of those interventions will have different impacts on consumers, depending on what the thing is. Any policy that is enacted will have multiple effects, and the determining factor in whether a policy will succeed or fail is whether those effects are acceptable.

For example, many EU countries have decided to enact policies that knowingly lead to high prices for motor vehicle petroleum, but this was decided to be acceptable because alternatives like public transportation exist, and are in many cases, preferable. Energy used to heat someone’s home is different in impact.

Venezuela’s economic issues are not a result of subsidies of petroleum for domestic use.

> Why not subsidise fuel if doing such things has such a successful history in the United States?

We do.
Damn it, I meant TexStudio.
In addition to what all the other comments have said about the history of keybase, the present-day state of it is a sorry one. There was a drastic cut to development activity, suggesting it has gone into "maintenance mode" ever since the Zoom acquisition.
Normally libertarianism has an 'exception' for defense because it's a pure commons. There's no obvious way to have private sector military due to the nature of wars and invasions. Indeed, the government having a monopoly on violence is a core part of libertarian thinking.
It could also be that x86 has better SIMD support by a considerable margin, which can make repetitive memory access/serialized workloads a lot faster. I'm not super well intimated with those extensions, but I know that the NEON SIMD implementation in ARMv8 leaves quite a bit to be desired. It's a tricky situation, and one I don't see resolving in a nice clean way. It's stuff like this that makes me hopeful for RISC-V though, where we could theoretically have our cake and eat it too, with dynamic instruction pipelines and incredibly low power usage. Only time will tell, I suppose.
You vandalized this thread badly. We've asked you many times to stop behaving like this on HN. We've had long conversations about how you're not a bad user but you're not allowed to behave this way. That obviously hasn't solved the problem. If you keep doing this, we will ban you.

https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=28657412 (Sept 2021)

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=27524628 (June 2021)

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26695749 (April 2021)

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=24594431 (Sept 2020)

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=23730601 (July 2020)

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=23299305 (May 2020)

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=20135818 (June 2019)

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=18257769 (Oct 2018)

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=16055379 (Jan 2018)

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=15695133 (Nov 2017)

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=14540750 (June 2017)

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=13859103 (March 2017)

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=12995487 (Nov 2016)

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=12995486 (Nov 2016)
Hi Apple
"Discussion interviews" can suck because they're a lie. You're still being examined, and now you have to pretend that you aren't being examined in addition to performing well.

Some of my best interviewing experiences have been when as part of the interview I ended up having a discussion about something. But the interview didn't explicitly start with that format in mind.

Some of the worst interviewing interviewing experiences that I've had is when they say that it will be a discussion, and it is, up to the point when they spring an algorithm question out of the blue... it feels so scummy and fake. Ask me about the algorithm if you want, but mixing your question into 40 minutes of discussing other things and pretending that you aren't examining me is a farce.

The intention seems to be to make the experience more authentic and it often ends up having the exact opposite effect.

If your criteria for hiring boil down to "did I like talking to this person", you're probably not hiring well and you're allowing all kinds of biases to influence your decision. If your criteria are specific but you're hiding them behind the pretense of "discussion", you're doing everyone involved a disservice.
do you really think that FAANG companies want to pay less? they are already top paying employers, i think you are mistaken
Quarkus does all of its wiring at compile time.
> I've never had the mental model for it.

This is one way to think about the hybrid model of folders + tags that is currently available:

1. Folders tell you where the file is stored.

2. Tags tell you what is the file.

So basically use the Tags to add more data (metadata) about your files, so that if you forget where the file is, you can still search for it by what is in it. This also slightly helps in easing the burden of trying to figure out where to store a file (e.g. "Do I put a home video in my 'Videos' folder or my 'Personal' folder?" - if you tag it properly, you can put it in either, as you can use the tags to figure out where the video is later).

Examples:

1. In Documents folder - "mom-2020.xls" (tags => docs, tax, finance, mom, unfiled).

2. In Videos folder - "newyear bash.mp4" (tags => video, family, 2021, home).
Ask HN: Is occasional 100ms disk latency normal in shared hosting?
Hi HN,

We have a small site we're hosting on Linode. It's a single app box, and a single db box. Thanks to datadog I noticed some occasional (random) slow requests. Digging into it revealed it was slow responses from the (MySQL) database eventually working out that it correlated exactly with disk latency spikes.

I then ran `iostat` in a loop to catch the slowdowns when it happened, and I can see `w_await` times of up to 2seconds at times!!. After contacting support they moved a few of our noisiest neighbours away which has reduced the issue a lot.

My question is: Is this just normal in cloud/shared infrastructure? Would moving to AWS (or similar) help at all? Maybe I should just forget about a handful (10-30) slow requests per week which are impacted by this (we have maybe 800K requests served by the app server a week, so it's a tiny percentage). I just find it annoying that for some people they get 5-10second requests when it ought to be 200-300ms.

Any insights most welcome!
mother trees not only pass resources but also, what can only be described as, "chemical memories"

https://www.wsl.ch/en/2020/02/trees-pass-on-environmental-me...
That’s a nice catch, must have been satisfying to find this.

Also, it seems like a relatively easy memory leak to fix, hopefully in an upcoming OS update.

Looking forward to the fix.
Intel pays VIA $125M for Centaur employees, but not the company itself
Of the 3 shown:

Kirtley: An NSF, NASA, and DOD fellow, Dr. David Kirtley has 13 years of experience in nuclear engineering, fusion, and aerospace

Pihl: TitleEngineer / Scientist II
Dates EmployedApr 2012 – Jul 2014
Employment Duration2 yrs 4 mos
The Plasma Dynamics Laboratory at the University of Washington

Votroubek: University of Washington
Degree NamePhDField Of StudyPlasma Physics (Aeronautics & Astronautics)

So not just VC pitching specialists (sorry about the bad cutting pasting)
> " If you sell your crypto and make a profit in dollars, it’s only because someone else bought it at a higher price than you did."

Note: Making a profit in dollars does not necessarily imply making an increase in purchasing power. If you profit ~5% in dollars, you've still lost ~10% in purchasing power due to inflation.

Lesson: Don't save in dollars. Find something which can't be deliberately debased by policymakers.
It's probably worth reminding everyone who is new to the Mac or like most of us keep forgetting. Don't update your OS until at least half way through its update lifecycle e.g. for Monterey wait until 12.0.5.

This happens every single year where there are annoying/serious bugs that takes a while to get fixed as the focus is on P1 showstoppers.
Apple's great hardware is crippled by the piece of shit operating system called macOS.

Man up Apple and release Apple Silicon drivers for Linux.
Telegram has occasionally done this on my Intel Mac mini.
> There’s nothing saying that the ARM macOS port isn’t to blame.

There is. People have been running ARM macOS for about a year and I haven’t seen this complaint before.
I’m probably dumb and wrong, but that 80GB is likely virtual memory and not a great indication of actual RAM used.
Yeah, as I mentioned in my post, I knew this rationally but it didn't help my phobia. If phobias could be rationalized away I suspect many if not most people who have them would overcome them fairly easily
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arachnids_as_food
There have been several times recently when I realized I was being drawn by the siren's call of fast food - honestly, so similar to addiction cravings - but when I suppressed my emotional response and analyzed it, it was obvious that the labor & time involved with me prepping my own food (or having it ready in advance) was far less stressful than the idea of wrestling with traffic, waiting in a drive thru and dealing with all the other potential negative variables which wouldn't exist if I simply cut that whole loop out.

My emotions were screaming at me that someone else making my food hot and ready was the far better option, but when I really looked closer this was a lie. Sometimes it's true, for sure, but not usually.
Explore John Pierpont Morgan College
You might want to have your computer looked at. This is very much the opposite of my experience with the M1s at our offices.
> just alpha beta search

I will cling to these goal posts every time. Search was and still is AI, unless you think Russell and Norvig should have named the field's foundational textbook something other than "Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach"
I personally hate everything about the transpilation step; the time it takes (slows down dev-test iteration by a lot), the source mapping aspect, debugging in a live production environment (I hate having to debug transpiled/mangled JavaScript). I hate having to handle multiple permutations of engine versions (too many possible permutations of tsc and node.js version numbers which introduces configuration and setup difficulties; it rarely works out of the box; it's a nightmare for open source projects when you're potentially dealing with a broad range of different operating systems and environments which you have 0 control over; maybe the user needs tsc version x.x.x for some different reason and you cannot force version y.y.y onto them!!! So their tsc version will not work with your tsconfig)... It just adds a ton of bloat, dependencies (security/maintenance burden), setup/compatibility problems and the value it adds is marginal.
Ask HN: What new name should we use instead of 'Metaverse'?
Same story with .NET - less and less reasons for F# to exist with each new version of C#. Only F# doesn't even bring any new useful frameworks to the table.
I interviewed a guy who had this approach. He seemed to think it was a great way to avoid answering actual questions, needless to say it wasn't a positive result.
The question is, are you ok with the encryption being breakable if it makes your watch faster?

Personally, if I'm ok with the encryption being breakable, I'm also ok with not using any encryption at all. I can't imagine a scenario where I would want weak encryption.

Anyway, the way to solve that problem is to get a CPU with AES instructions.
So it seemed you inferred his biases just fine? (I certainly wasn't suggesting this was a neutral article on crypto!)

Do you think it would have helped for him to explicitly lay out his worldview or whatever, like the person I responded to seemed to think?
So why use OSX? I've been running Linux for over a decade full time. I remember using osx at work and feeling like it was just clunkier, slower, and buggier.

What's the appeal?
Weird, I got an M1 Air recently and it's super fast (the most notably faster seeming new computer I've gotten in a decade) and all these issues are incredibly foreign to me. I just can't relate to this comment at all...
I’ve noticed the high memory usage of WindowServer on my Mac at work. To the point where I have to kill it, which is a pain.

This is an intel Mac though. I haven’t seen it on my M1 at home.
As a young female software developer, I was told to ask less questions. This led to situations where I'd be stuck hours on end due to things like backend/config changes that no one told me about and I wouldn't have known. So just a tip that this advice doesn't necessarily hold if you're a minority software developer. Later I was told that I was a good dev but my confidence wasn't good enough. Hmm, wonder what could have contributed to that? :/
I think (hope?!) that the Zestimate and the model predictions in their iBuying business are completely separate. The Zestimate is essentially a top-of-funnel strategy to get home owners and potential buyers into their normal business platform.

For my home, the Zestimate is about 8% higher than Redfin's.
We've banned this account because it has been using HN primarily for ideological battle. That's not allowed here, regardless of what you're battling for or against.

Please don't create accounts to break HN's guidelines with.

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Blockchains are extremely widely used, almost every coding project on the planet is using a blockchain for managing and versioning through git.

The crypto blockchain is a different story of cause and the reason it is being hyped without bounds is the same reason everyone is getting e-mails from Nigerian princes that just can’t seem to get reliable wire transfering services.