skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> the natural unit is a set of changes

What "natural" does even mean? That's a vague philosophical argument. And even then, all versioning systems deal with versions, not changes. Changes are relative to different versions. This is true even for SVN. Changes are always relative, it doesn't make sense to track them as the based unit conceptually or even for performance. Different versions implies change, not the other way around.

> If you run `git show $SHA`, git will show you a set of changes. But that's a lie; that's not what git stores.

Each new version will bring a change. This is not a lie. Sure it could show the entire corresponding tree by flooding your console, or it could be more practical and merely show the diff from the previous parent(s). This is the kind of thing that people who do not bother to take the time (about one hour) are stuck with. Don't worry, it's not that hard.

> Many users expect (quite reasonably, before they've been bitten) that if you start from scratch and apply those changes in order, what you end up with will be the same as your current tree. Nope.

The author, the date and other data about the commit do matter. If you rebase your commits, which is effectively applying those changes in order, then very very likely you will not have the same snapshots of the filesystem. And even if the filesystem remain the same, the data about the commit will be changed. It seems that your expectations of what a CVS "truly stores" is naive and based on a lack of experience.
What makes the kid a hick?
Ideal is detergent powder in recycled paper packaging. Or would be, I don't think you can buy it that way.
Canada has FPTP just like the US, the slight differences in implementation explain the slightly better outcomes, but that's about it. Don't know how that disproves anything.

The last time Canada had anyone other than conservatives or liberals govern the country was more than 100 years ago. [1] What kind of opposition is warming the rest of the parliament seats doesn't matter all that much, because just like in the US, there is no culture of inter-party collaboration in Canada, because there is no need for it: minority governments are rare (thanks to FPTP). This is very much unlike countries with proportional representation, where coalition governments are the norm, because when stupid voting mechanics are not protecting the duopoly, no single party is ever good enough to capture more than half of the vote.

The senate in Canada isn't even elected, senators are appointed by the Prime Minister. And it doesn't have the same prominent role as the US senate. So I've no idea what are you trying to say here.

FPTP favors the two biggest parties by a huge margin. It's damn math, it's been proven decades ago. Look it up.

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Canadian_federal_gener...
That won't happen for a long time. First we'd need to let go of the idea that "intelligence" means "neural network", and there's a huge amount of ideological resistance to the idea that intelligence isn't made with composeable atomic computation blocks.
> This philosophy flowed from Ayer’s 1936 work Language, Truth and Logic. Ayer had argued that only statements that could be verified were meaningful. Ethical statements have no objective truth, and are thus simply subjective. This can lead to what has been termed the “Boo-Hurrah” theory of ethics, known more technically as emotivism. According to this view, my ethical positions are nothing to do with any objective criteria; rather they are expressions of my own emotional attitude, merely my “tastes.” Ultimately, if I say something is “good” or “right” morally, it is because I like it, and if something is “wrong” or “evil” it is because I don’t.

What seems often strange to me is how "X is subjective" seems to be equated with "X does not exist". This leads to strange conclusions like the one in the article but also to modern fallacies like the "homo oeconomicus", who only operates on objective information.

This all feels like taking the famous "spherical cow" model from physics but then proclaiming that cows are in fact spherical - because only with that assumption, we could make meaningful predictions - therefore all observations to the contrary are meaningless.

Wouldn't a better question be why a person or a group of persons has a particular subjective experience? Also, what subjective experiences are shared between all or almost all of us?
To add to Keno's sibling comment, Julia, as a JIT compiler, essentially creates large chunks of standalone, "static" code, and runs those as much as it can, breaking out into the "dynamic" runtime when it has reached the limits of type inference or for some other reason needs to return to the runtime to perform dynamic dispatch etc... in these instances, we break out of the standalone code and start using the runtime to do things like determine where to jump next (or whether to compile another chunk of static code and jump to that). Note that these chunks of static code can be both smaller or larger than a function, it all depends on what Julia can compile in one go without needing to break out into the dynamic environment.
This was not written by lawyers. Law students... maybe, but not actual lawyers. It reads like someone who has seen property transfer contracts but hasn't actually used them in the real world to transfer intangibles.

>>Seller agrees to honor the spirit of this agreement

Big red flag there. I have never run across anyone with legal training using "spirit" language.

>>ignorance of any consequences ... will not invalidate the enforceability

More novel language not from any legal treatise. And, by way of further example, a lawyer would have dropped the useless "the" before enforceability.
You actually have the roles reversed. Bart "sold" his soul to Milhouse.
Few interesting areas:

- JS dependencies are a problem because of the sheer number, which is really because of all the authors of the dependencies and how they update, backwards compat or not etc. if you had 10 big things by 10 authors they would coordinate better than 1500.

- The Lazarus example is interesting but “trusted components” also means walled gardens, who gets to choose? Is there competition? How is that decided in vs out? Logical conclusion to much of this ends up with a central community package manager like maven central..
> I swear that node hipsters at my last job spent four out of five of their working days wrangling with dependencies or their transpilers, linters, packagers, bundlers and whatever the hell else needs to happen to actually make a node program run.

Like they say - a cushy job if you can get it.
Although a chair does subsume human projection, similar to a Buddhist realization of artifice.

A chair serves, regardless of its consciousness, but the human (or mammal stand-in) may project a consciousness of its utility upon the object, thus elevating its stature in a shared conscious.

The closest I can think is a friend establishing rules around an heirloom coffee table that enforced coasters and denied foot rest.

But I think that more organic models should have that assumption baked in to their more humanistic appropriation.

Like we kill a cow for sustenance, but I respect that in purchase by eating it.

A table serves me infinitely. And thus it carries the consciousness of the human.

Destruction of a utility reflects the human qualities, and so an inanimate object might adopt those qualities independent of time.
> Knowing why that happens would be nice, of course, but no one actually has the time to address those.

More than likely bad user code. Perhaps even race conditions. But in case of the JVM, with flight recorder and other forms of logging you could find out the problem with quite a good chance.

Which version of the JVM do you use?
the basic pattern is having a load balancer sitting in front of N services, and then having a service manager keep an eye on each service and restart them if they crash. so kubernetes can get the job done, but you can do essentially the same thing with a load balancer & some VMs & using the service manager that comes with your operating system (even windows has one)
SVN is effectively a badly designed database. Git has a much more effective and simple data structure because each command correspond to a way to work with it and external tools and extensions and future version of git can work with that very easily.
Which side of this claimed technology is new?
> How many times was this repeated?

A 100 times for each variant.

> How many trials did they have to do before they got this result?

Looks like it picked the side with 3 disks 70% of the time and never picked the side with 1 disk. They tested a ton of different scenarios so the results seems really robust.

"When presented with the 3-discs versus 1-disc choice, the Physarum grew toward the 3 disc regions 70% of the time, while never choosing the 1 disc region alone."
Show HN: Refine conceptual ideas into viable businesses – idea checker
Lawyer here.

Legalisms don't make for particularly hard contracts.

In the real world, I've found complexity is often caused by attempts to simplify the contract. Or perhaps to simplify its drafting.

The most common offender is the overuse of Definitions which are often Capitalised Definitions. Interestingly in code you might compare it to the use of a function (); except that in the real world you can't easily call a function - you physically have to flick back and forth between pages to understand what the contract means.

The other cause of complexity is when parts of the contract aren't written by lawyers, but by engineers or risk analysts. Which the lawyers will do to simplify their job. I've seen some of these contracts and after weeks I can't understand them. A judge interpreting this contract basically has to become an expert in the relevant subject area. I don't envy them.
Our idea validation tool is powered by artificial intelligence to scientifically validate your intuitive ideas to reduce risks of business failure.
Does recycled mean scrapping, or refurbishing for less strenuous use such as household or industrial power storage. I would think the lifespan of a car battery should be 20 years, with only 10 actually in a car.
Ignoring the licensing issues, LTSC failed for me. Just literally wouldn't boot one day.

It's probably something hardware related, but the Pro version works great so far, even if it ignores update time and sticks my files into a black hole because it thinks it's a virus.

Hopefully the last version I'll use on bare metal as I move away from soldered processors and more centralized garbage.
You really should look deeper into how New Zealand lawmaking and governance works if you think their situation is anywhere close to the US just because they also have big parties. The two systems (and outcomes) couldn't be further apart.

MMP in NZ has increased competition and brought effective collaborative governments, and it hasn't even been 30 years.
Might come in useful to others on Win11:

To get the snipping tool working, close the snipping tool, manually set the date to around the start of October. Reopen the snipping tool and it should be working. The date can now be set back.
Swedish government agencies say energy-intensive crypto mining should be banned
The current discussions around Covid and vaccines made me realise I am continually guilty of this hubris. I've heard people say before "whenever I see a discussion on a subject I am an expert on, HN is full of ignorant commenters", but I feel it far more viscerally now.

The first stage was: these anti-vaxxers don't have a degree in immunology, what makes them qualified to even attempt to interpret scientific papers on the subject?

The second stage was: wait, I don't have a degree in immunology either, why am I pretending to be "following the science" when I don't have even the vocabulary or the context to properly grasp immunology papers?

Accepting that I am a functional ignoramus with regards to Covid, viruses, immunology, vaccine development etc. is very freeing. I'm basically knowledgeable on very few things, and am not an authority on (vaccines|economics|law|history|basically everything). Being good at software engineering doesn't make me an expert at everything I read two articles on.
We are working on this here [1].

Uses the object capability model provided by SES [2].

[1] https://github.com/LavaMoat/LavaMoat
[2] https://github.com/endojs/endo
How you benefit: you will learn to analyze the idea uniqueness and business viability of your conceptual ideas, such as identifying problem-market fit and validating problem-solution fit, or test hypothetical assumptions without the risk of expensive and painful failure, and so on.
It's implied. Otherwise he'd be playing violin.
Except, it is not cheap at all: lately, in the US, you spend tens of billions of dollars for ten years or more, and get exactly zero watt-hours out, ever. $30B for zero watts of generating capacity is not a good value.
Problem it solves: most founders started their business without testing their ideas, which commonly led to their shutdowns from strong competition because they offered no unique selling point.
Makes me think of smart contracts.
This was (and still is) the norm in Mumbai where I grew up. We had an account at the local grocery store; the store owner knew us by name and would let us buy snacks on the way back home from school or after a cricket match. The term “khaata” (translation: account) is well known in Mumbai, and should evoke feelings of nostalgia about a simpler time for others who grew up in Mumbai like I did.

Accounts were typically settled at the end of the month. The system is predicated on trust and customer service.
Why it matters: before you begin the rigorous process of starting a business, you first need to find a viable real-world problem worth solving that your potential customers would pay money for.
Yeah, perhaps the French have eventually 'caught' whatever it is that English speakers caught long ago. :-)

More seriously, I've not been there for some years now so I'm somewhat out of touch, but at one point I was working in the industry (but not employed by any French organization, EDF, etc.), nevertheless I had a reasonable overview of what the French were doing as far as power generation was concerned.

Everyone who I met almost to a person including my nontechnical aunt and uncle who lived in Paris, were pro nuclear power. They saw it as a cheap source of power and also it represented engineering excellence and prowess for France.

I'm guessing, but perhaps the main reason for this collective view stems from de Gaulle's early entry into both military and nuclear power immediately after WWII - from early 1946 onward, thus nuclear power was well established in the the halcyon days of the 1950s before worldwide controversy broke out over the nuclear industry. There's also France's rebuilding phase after WWII, where modernist ideas took hold more strongly there than in many other countries. That attitude probably smoothed the way.

Then there's that French Gaullism (which I admire but it's no fun being on the pointed end of it), which basically says 'we're doing it our way and to hell with the rest of you'. Perhaps that attitude has dissipated somewhat by now (at least as far as the nuclear industry is concerned). Flamanville, though, does seem to be overly uncharacteristic when compared with previous efforts.

Anyway, whatever the French did early on in nuclear power genertaion, it was very successful compared to other countries, as the percentage of nuclear power produced in France is second to none.
The World Champions' Weirdest Pets – Wilhelm Steinitz and the Vienna Game
It is simply an historical artifact and by no means a constitutional necessity.

Sweden is an interesting case, a constitutional monarchy in theory but where the monarch has been explicitly stripped of all powers, whereas many other European monarchies maintain a legal fiction of constitutional relevance for their royal families. Sweden could abolish the monarchy completely today and it would not affect anything about how the country runs. They also have a unicameral parliament.

Switzerland also doesn't have a traditional head of state, that role is held collectively by a seven-member council.
That ramshackle contraption should never have been turned on in the first place. It is being shut down now not because of hippies, who have much less influence than is often claimed, but because it would cost $billions to get it into good enough shape to operate until the next big earthquake.
It's not supposed to be good procedural code, it's supposed to be illustrative of the fact that a lot of code which people are used to seeing in procedural languages, which only involves assigning to a variable once, can be translated into a pure haskell function very straightforwardly, and it doesn't look intimidatingly esoteric like many people seem to expect. I can just as easily do it with strings if you're concerned about it being mathematical.

I agree that there are many problems more naturally represented by procedural code, and as such it's important for every language, even functional languages, to have good constructs for representing a series of steps.

Luckily, Haskell has such a construct in do notation. It looks like this:

main = do
putStrLn "What's your name"
name <- getLine
putStrLn ("Hello, " ++ name)

I'm not familiar with MongoDB, but I found a haskell library for that and the example looks relatively straightforward to me, modulo possibly some unfamiliar syntax. It's a bit long, but it's doing more than just an insert. [1]

I've heard the cake argument many times, and I agree that it's more naturally modelled as a series of steps. But I find it frustrating, because I've never heard a convincing argument for why the fact that one particular problem is more intuitively modelled as a sequence of steps, means all problems are.

For example, imagine if you were never allowed to declaratively specify a DOM again using HTML, but instead you had to construct it as a series of calls to element.appendChild(). Would that really make your life easier? There are many problems for which a declarative description, not a procedure, is much more straightforward to understand.

Another point is that you can also think of applying functions in succession ("function composition") as a series of steps! I find this pretty intuitive.

For example, here's a function which takes a list of words and shouts them. The steps are: First concatenate the words together, then capitalize the resulting string, then append an exclamation mark:

λ » shoutWords = unwords .> capitalize .> exclaim
λ » shoutWords ["i'm", "shouting"]
"I'M SHOUTING!"

I think you're right about needing to have a certain level of smarts to get Haskell, but I think this is a consequence of some more advanced Haskell features (Typeclasses + higher kinded polymorphism), rather than the functional paradigm itself. For example, I think Elm is probably very approachable for people with a wide variety of different levels of mathematical ability.

I think it's very easy to assume that functional programming is inherently more difficult, when it might well be that all that's going on is that people are more used to procedural programming because that's what they were taught first. I really would encourage anyone who thinks FP is inherently difficult to have a crack at learning Elm.

[1] https://hackage.haskell.org/package/mongoDB-2.7.1.1/docs/Dat...
The Simple Mobile Tools suite by Tibor Kaputa is excellent. They're all FOSS and "simple" without compromising on features. The "Pro" versions are also open source and available for free via F-Droid.

AntennaPod is an excellent podcast app.

Syncthing-Fork is superb for file sync.

KeepassDX is an awesome password manager

Signal and Element are open-source messaging apps

RedReader and Slide are awesome Reddit clients

OpenBoard is a clean, simple, privacy respecting keyboard.

Notally is a simple notes/to-do app that can replace the likes of Google Keep and Simplenotes.

StandardNotes is a superb end-to-end encrypted note-taking app.

Joplin is another excellent full-featured Markdown note-taking app that is offline by default but lets you use e2ee sync over Dropbox or other cloud providers.
This may be slightly OT but does anyone else get the sense that Holochain is a less fascistic Urbit?
This is a cool story on how the Crash Bandicoot developers hacked toe PlayStation to get free up more memory for their game.

https://youtu.be/izxXGuVL21o
> I'm uninterested in the flu "vaccine" and the COVID "vaccine". With their narrow band of immunity, that wanes after 6 months requiring yet-more longterm untested vaccine shots. I am interested in the polio vaccine, or any COVID vaccine that's sterilizing.

Covid and flu vaccines save lives in vast numbers, perfect or not, but the capacity to have a sense of responsibility beyond your own life isn't equally distributed in our society so I do see and understand your point of view here.

Still, this is very confusing reasoning. Like refusing to use the seatbelt in your car because the car doesn't have side impact airbags.
Dark Souls Except It's Incredibly Cursed
The graphics were terrible.
I also signed up a couple of hours ago, eagerly awaiting a response :)
I think XFCE is one of the most "normal" desktop you can get, but I suppose that depends on that is considered normal nowadays. It has a bar with a menu, a list of open windows, and notification/status section. It has a desktop where you can place folders, files and shortcuts. It's context menus make sense.

It's not perfect but with a few simple tweaks (most of which are scriptable via xfconf-query) they can be fixed. Instead of trying to maintain a desktop across my machines, or over rebuilds, I just run my script and I'm done.

The biggest gripe I have with it is the file choose/save dialog. It's default focus isn't the filename field (like WTF). Let's say you're going to save a file. When the dialog opens and you start to type, it starts to filter files in the current directory. It's totally f*ucking stupid, extremely annoying after the second time you encounter it, and not easy to change in the settings. You need to get under the hood.
My flats contract takes a full binder, the stack is easily 10cm. This is certainly an extreme case since it’s an old building in a compound with pretty complex history, but that happens.
Looks like unfortunately the link to the PDF there is broken.
Making a zielverkoper’s job easy, though more literal, eh?
Ransomware HQ: Moscow’s Tallest Tower Is a Cybercriminal Cash Machine
Without expecting any results I looked up Nike to see what was coming out and they have plenty of patents. Then I looked at adidas, same thing. That's crazy!
https://goodip.io/iq/assignee/adidas-ag
Is that a loophole in the law? You can't dispose of tires but if you shred them, they are no longer tires, and you can now dispose of them?
Inheriting constitutionally priveliged positions seems a bit hard to square with everyone being equal before the law.
I life in a parliamentary syatem, and branches, all of them, are equal. In pratical terms, there is some overlap since people in the executive tend to be pretty powerful in the legislative as well. If you take France, with a pretty strong President, even the president needs the legeslative to pass laws, he can't order them around.
I wouldn't say they're incompatible rewrite. They are two different products.
Where I work, its quite the opposite, every microservice is built with js/ts and we have a big monolith built in java.

The java service releases every month or so, the microservice, on average, release every week, sometimes more.

You can build bad software with any tool, it all depends on how you use it.
You can definitely buy powder in paper/cardboard packaging, at least here in Austria. But I just checked my box, and it's unfortunately not made from recycled fibers. At least recycling this won't be a problem.
Of all the 3 browsers, Chrome is the only browser that defaults to allowing third-party tracking cookies, so they could only promote one of those Chromium clones.