skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Higher order functions:

f :: ((Num) -> Bool, Num) -> Bool

The type of f is not particularly obvious to me; instinctively, it could either be:

1. A function that takes (a function from Num to [Bool, Num]) and returns Bool, or

2. A function that takes (a function from Num to Bool) and a Num, and returns a Bool.

Given enough time, I'm going to guess 2, but this makes CoffeeScript's destructing assignment, IE

[a, b] = func()

feel less 'first class'. Is this a serious ambiguity, or just me not having enough experience with precedence in CoffeeScript/functional languages?
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It's not quite as crazy as it sounds; many of the most popular addons have a significant user-base on the nightly or beta channels (and now Aurora), so there's always been some pressure to update add-ons as changes were made to the underlying platform, even before those changes made it into an official release.

Also, these days Mozilla has the "Add-On SDK" which provides an abstraction around the core Gecko and Firefox APIs that is more Chrome-like - more limited than what a traditional Firefox extension can do, but guaranteed to stay compatible for a long time into the future.
Summary: ORMs are a leaky abstraction.

Thus, it is true that developers are responsible for knowing what is going on under the hood and either contorting how they use the ORM to get what they want or skipping it when necessary.

And it is also true that ORMs are to blame, they do not work as advertised, and often impose extra conceptual overhead because you end up composing SQL in your head and then trying to figure out how to get the ORM to generate the SQL, instead of thinking in the ORM's abstraction.
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In terms of databases, I can think of Monty Program http://montyprogram.com/about and Percona http://www.percona.com/software/percona-server/downloads/ who both build forks or extensions of MySQL

Both seem to make most of their money through consultancy rather than development and support, but I think that's quite common in the open-source world?

And, of course, you missed out the most obvious one, Red Hat, who do huge amounts of open source work.

While it's now pretty old (1999), the essay "How Red Hat Software Stumbled Across a New Economic Model and Helped Improve an Industry" written by Robert Young of Red Hat was really informative to me. http://oreilly.com/openbook/opensources/book/young.html
Yeah, you are right. There are many variables that need to be defined first.

How much does it cost to put nuclear power generation in a house? You can't. So therefore wind power is infinitely cheaper than nuclear.

If you put a wind turbine on the side of a building where that side forms a wind tunnel, then you can generate power very cheaply - if you only count the cost of the generator and the batteries. If you count the cost of the building that makes the natural wind tunnel and repairs it is more.

Same with nuclear - you need to count other costs. The cost of a rare accident is billions or trillions. The cost of cleanup, ruined nearby industries ( and even not so nearby industries (Wales farmers)) can be massive.

Wind power can be used without storage depending on what needs to use the wind power. Like the article mentions, car batteries are quite useful to store the power in. There are many uses for electricity that do not require continuous electricity. Likewise it can be used as a complementary source of renewable energy. There are communities that generate 100% of their energy from renewable sources, and part of that is from wind.

Wind is also a cheaper investment. Nuclear costs a lot of money initially, and on an ongoing basis. At a small scale, I can buy a portable wind generator for my ipod for under $30. At a large scale, some communities have farms that generate 5 gigawatt hours a year.

How do you price the cost to the environment of wind farms? Noise pollution, and visual pollution. The cost of safety - that is damage to human and animal life. Wind power causes the lowest amounts of death to humans, but apparently causes bird deaths.

It's all very complicated, but wind power does have some clear cost advantages. From scale of investment required, to safety cost advantages, to reduced environmental cleanup costs, to reduced tourism and land price effects.
Lobbying is disgusting - no matter who does it.
looks sharper than the original ... more contrast in the minified version

That's not a good thing, to my way of thinking. When I'm processing my photos, I'm choosing very carefully the amount of sharpness and especially contrast in the image. I'd be very unhappy with a tool that alters these.
I managed to persuade a multinational team of accountants to use SVN to manage their Excel spreadsheets - has worked remarkably well.
Is this a surprise? Governments and industry are joined at the hip. There's a hell of a revolving door in all governments; business people become politicians and vice versa and for some reason we accept it.
Automattic — http://automattic.com
GitHub — http://github.com
I'm pretty sure the government couldn't afford to let Sun fail, every piece of software that I've seen with even a remote affiliation with the US gov. has been built on Java.
Lucid charts and Gliffy for online diagramming
What's the advantage over just using the arxiv? A bit better typesetting?
Some are, most aren't. There are scammers and hucksters everywhere. It is always easier to scam people when they don't really know you, a fact that can benefit foreign start-ups in the US market.

That said, regarding Israeli companies, I personally object to Israeli companies that operate from illegal Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territories, such as SodaStream and Ahava Cosmetics. SodaStream is particularly bad in that it produces its goods using underpaid Palestinian labor but market's its products as made in Israel.

SodaStream details: http://www.whoprofits.org/articlefiles/WhoProfits-Production...
I would be interested in what you might come up with
"I'm not entirely sure what you mean by sampling pixels"

I think I'm confusing some things. I can understand that each pixel of a sensor can output values from lets say 0 to 1V where 0V is dark, 1V is light. So you need a shutter-time because else the sensor will only output values of 1V.

I was thinking todays cameras can sample these values at a very high frame-rate. So when you sample these values over time and store them you can expand the range.
But it seems like "bracketing" is doing something like this. I did not know. Thanks for the info!
Fogbeam Labs - http://www.fogbeam.com - provide an Open Source enterprise knowledge management / information retrieval / collaboration suite that combines collaborative filtering, machine learning and social network analysis to great effect. Well, it will when it's done anyway. :-)

http://code.google.com/p/screwpile

https://github.com/Fogbeam
So 7% of people who have EVER lived are alive right now.
Gah, I'm sorry. That's like the 3rd time I've conflated the two on accident.
Inc magazine's 5000 fastest growing companies in the US
Check http://www.farmeron.com/
latest Seedcamp member.
"Going to bat for American business and jobs" is a bit of a lie since Oracle has roughly the same number of employees in both the Americas and the Asia Pacific regions and the number of employees in Europe, Middle East & Africa has been growing.

The US government shouldn't be shilling for anyone, Oracle should do it for themselves.
VimConf
Why? I mean why bother?
Usually this kind of long turn-around time is because it is held up by the referees, not the actual publishing process. That process is too slow (sometimes as much as a few months, but usually more like a few weeks), but it's not 3-years slow.
The article mentions this in passing, but wind energy tends to be exactly wrong for the daily increase of electrical load. As the sun rises and temperatures increase, the wind tends to die down. That's why storage was mentioned. That's probably a more important problem to solve: how do we efficiently store energy produced now for later?
One thing to note is that access to "wild" land in the UK is generally a lot easier today than it would have been in 1911.

The high level population density in the UK is pretty misleading because quite significant chunks of the country are fairly lightly populated - making us all cram into what parts are left (e.g. the Central Belt of Scotland).
As 0x12 states further down, noise can be seen as beneficial.
By having such a huge dataset, perhaps it would be possible to advance the technology of speech recognition to transcribe speech in busy places as needed for in mobile applications where the user is not in a quiet room.
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> I'm pretty sure all major airlines require a ton of hours on smaller planes...

That used to be true, and may be right now, but the trend is towards airlines accepting simulator time in lieu. The trouble with that is that simulators are subject to the same problem as any other complex input device: if you haven't foreseen the problem beforehand, you don't program the simulator to model it, and the pilot isn't trained to handle it. Experience can help that simulator time can't.

The recent high-pressure turbine blade failure on Qantas is a case in point where the pilots were overwhelmed with page after page of error faults, 145 of them if I remember correctly. If they hadn't been very fortunate to have two other senior captains in the cockpit with them, they would have had a great deal of trouble dealing with the information flow.

Personally, as a light aircraft pilot myself, I would not be comfortable with young airline pilots with only simulator experience. At least one of them needs to have a few thousand hours of hands-on-stick experience.
Technical Cofounder's Pie
A friend of mine has a startup idea, and has asked me to be the technology partner. He is investing 50k USD into the venture. The business idea is his and execution will be done by him as well. Both of us have day jobs which we will keep and plan to spend about 20 hrs a week.

The question is what will be an appropriate equity that I should ask?
OK, I really don't know much about the LLL since it was invented at the time I was studying LinAlg and never got as far as our course work. It was being used by Conway, Norton and Parker when I was doing my PhD, so I heard something of it, but never implemented it, as I was working in a different area.

However ...

Here's (some/most of) my understanding.

We're working in R^n, and suppose you have n linearly independent vectors b_1 to b_n with integer coefficients in the obvious basis. These vectors span R^n, but you need to use real numbers as coefficients to do that. If you only take linear combinations using integer coefficients then you get a lattice in R^n.

Exercise: Prove that (1,5) and (2,3) are linearly independent in R^2

Exercise: plot a portion of the lattice spanned by (1,5) and (2,3) in R^2.

The same lattice might also be spanned by different vectors, and in particular, you may be able to find a collection of shorter vectors that span the same space.

Exercise: Find two shorter vectors v1 and v2 that span the same lattice as the one above.

The new vectors must also be in the same lattice, and so must be representable as an integer linear combination of the original vectors.

Exercise: Represent v1 and v2 as linear combinations of (1,5) and (2,3)

Basically LLL consists of a measurement of how well you're doing so far, and a way of replacing one of your existing vectors with a linear combination so as to make your collection improve.

I'll stop there - ask more questions if anything is unclear.
Google and OpenDNS made the web faster for everyone today
If it's so easy to keep it updated, then it by definition must be easy to support older versions. I.e., either the changes are big or they aren't. Supporting your existing userbase is never about how easy you think it is to upgrade.

Maybe all the big guys are doing it wrong, but with every new Firefox release since 3.6.x I've had problems getting Firebug and 1Password working. And I have a hard time faulting them for not being able to keep up. And I've just had to give up on using the ElasticFox add-on at all.
Yup. This helps power the "instant" playback that I'm sure the author has enjoyed. Saving money on bandwidth, I'm sure, also helps them pay for all of the licensing agreements they have with the recording industry so that you can stream that impressively large catalog for free.
I would like to know about that, too. I think somewhere there must be some great, maybe small, companies in Berlin. It is just not that easy to find them.
Election systems is just one of their business units though: http://www.nedap.com/index.php?cat_id=31

While it's the same company isn't it a bit of a stretch? It's like saying Microsoft is awful because they make an awful search engine Bing.
It's unfortunate but there should be better ways for people to repost URLs over time like this one. This seems an appropriate repost in any case considering the first didn't get its due props. It's the links that do crazy well and then somehow get reposted days later that are really annoying ;-)

I didn't know about the / approach but have used the "?" suffix "trick" a couple of times over the years when submitting things that other people put boring/inappropriate titles on that didn't catch on. I believe # will also work since AJAXified URLs need to be supported.
GitHub uses free and open source software, contributes to open source in some smaller ways, but their main product is a proprietary SaaS project... I don't think they count as an "open source startup"
¿Qué Son los Microemprendimientos y Qué beneficios Te Brindan?
Made me think of this:

http://www.telemetryweb.com/display/PUB/TelemetryWeb+-+The+C...

Could be a good combination.
Presumably somewhere like the British Library has the scans for the maps on disk. They're a government institution aren't they so would a Freedom of Information Act demand supposedly liberate that data ... just a thought.

When I'm Prime Minister I'll instigate a government run academic library as the repository for all data originating from tax paid research with free access for individuals and paid access for profit yielding institutions; something along those lines anyway.
Of course this assumes the concurrent deployment of a nationwide Smart Grid that could store and disburse the variable sources of wind power as needed using a variety of technologies — gas or coal peaking, utility scale storage via batteries or fly-wheels, etc

That parenthetical comment, dismissed with the lead-in "Of course..." is actually itself a huge technological hurdle that is decades away from reality.
Large-scale energy projects will have no place in world without large-scale energy. Too little. Too late.
I drove across western New York this weekend and saw a few large wind farms. I found the view was quite pleasant and made a point to stop the car near the base of one to listen for noise -- I heard nothing above the background.

Wind's got two big problems. The power isn't where you want it in time and space. The wind doesn't blow all the time, so wind turbines need to be supported with "peaking" power plants which will almost certainly burn natural gas. Any effort to store power is likely to be as expensive as generating it. Another problem is that good wind resources aren't close to demand, so a large network of new power lines need to be built to get power into cities. Power companies aren't excited about this, because the power isn't available at the times they want it, and NIMBYism makes it quite hard to acquire new rights of way for power lines.

As for a comparison to nuclear, that's a comparison that can come out any way you like. Nuclear fuel is almost free, compared to the capital costs of building the plant. When you try to charge that cost to a kWh of electricity, it all depends on the lifetime of the plant and the cost of capital. For a while it seemed that nuclear plants have a longer life than we anticipated they would, which lowers the cost of electricity a lot. The Fukushima accident will probably cause people to give up on older BWRs, which hurts the economics.

In the past, the construction of nuclear plants has proven to be risky and unpredictable -- often nuclear plants cost many times more to build than originally planned. If the industry is going to have a future, it's going to need to answer this problem through technology (small modular reactors) and management (project management, quality control.)
There are lots of people between 'a HN reader' and 'your grandmother'.
There will always be people who don't understand what a CA is; but the more people who do, the more pressure there will be for them to do their job correctly.

Also, they don't need to understand the technical details. If every time they go to their bank it says 'connection to your bank certified by verisign', and then one day it says 'certified by <someone else>', then a cautious person will be suspicious, even if they are completely nontechnical.
Large-scale energy projects will have no place in a world without large-scale energy. Too little. Too late.
For another anecdote, on my $70/mo cable connection, I have a total of 768k for my upload bandwidth, and Spotify saturates my connection so much that I literally cannot watch something on Netflix with my PS3 or Roku box until I have quit the Spotify client on my desktop.

And speaking as a paying customer ($20/mo so my wife and I can each have mobile access), it would be really nice if I could at least choose a limit on the P2P bandwidth so that I wouldn't be forced to close it altogether.
Maybe traditional VCS systems fit the German mindset, if such a thing really exists, better. Centralized, more structured, server-based and encouraging a more methodical workflow - seems like it might appeal to Germans.

I grew up in Germany but spent most of my working life in the US. My experience is that the overall mentality of engineers in Germany is somewhat different, more of a focus on process and less on experimentation, but it's a matter of degrees. I'd be surprised if the percentage of shops using no version control is higher in Germany, though.
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Yes, by default Spotify caches everything up to 10% of your total free disk space. This is space that you are not using anyway, so what is the problem? It makes playback of music you've listened to in the past a lot faster, and saves you downstream bandwidth - which in turn makes for less load on servers and the swarm.
That will work. Even just the possibility of patents has served to keep people out of that market:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JPEG_2000#Legal_issues
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For people outside of US, where we don't have service providers that screws us sideways, this is a negligible problem. But I can see the point for people who are routinely being scammed by their service provider.
The Mosquito And Steve Jobs
The military-industrial complex! Done, next question?

Why would a government want to remove the middle-man when the middle-man is making enough money to lobby the government to protect them? -_-'
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I've seen some content-free articles, but this one really takes the vapor-cake. It spends two sentences very nonspecifically talking about a technical development in wind energy, then paragraph after paragraph waxing rhapsodic about the wonderous world of the future that awaits us.
There is quite a bit of room for interesting middle ground, I think. A lot of the public debate currently is framed more or less between the "very optimistic" and "very pessimistic" poles represented, respectively, by Clay Shirky's Cognitive Surplus: Creativity and Generosity in a Connected Age, and Nicholas Carr's The Shallows: What the Internet Is Doing to Our Brains. They make for a nice pair of dueling books, but I'd rather read something with a bit more detailed analysis about the good and bad parts of a networked age, and in particular what meaningful choices we can make that are more fine-grained than "embrace technology" or "reject technology".
The video tells it all: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ifF-MOuzM_s

I think this is also a great example for startups. When things don't go as planned (nuclear disaster) don't give up innovating.
Just a suggestion. You could try installing something called "netbalancer" by seriousbit (http://seriousbit.com/netbalancer/ assuming you're on windows). It allows you to throttle network usage per program.
You'd need to pick a scalable solution; where we have one drone today, we could have 20 in the same place for half the cost in the future.

In my opinion, the best solutions I can think of are:

1) EMP. May not shut off the motors, but should shut off the brains.

2) Base station with targeting system. Laser would be too slow, too dangerous. Maybe a high-powered water jet. Knock them right out of the sky. Break their wings.

3) A swarm of predator drones. Good ones would not be self-sacrificial.
Streaming iTunes part of iCloud
Then you may be surprised to learn that Diebold who makes US voting machines also makes most of the ATM machines.
I worked once on a project which used a Pick database. If you don't know what that is, thank the fates. While I worked on it, I dutifully read the mailing lists and such to learn what I could about this technology. This experience taught me that every awful piece of technology has a halo of zealots who think it's the greatest, and is just now (still) on the verge of taking over its field. And should you hint that there might be anything better, they have a litany of reasons why you are the problem, because you don't understand it. The whole thing is about as odd as watching the domestic life of someone who has married their vacuum cleaner.

Some of the defenders of subversion here reminded me of that experience. The more truculent defenders slash at those who point out its deficiencies with remarks about their ignorance of subversion, and if you don't take a couple of weeks out of your schedule to learn its thorny ways then you deserve your problems. The milder defenders will equivocate and claim that its just a preference, and that subversion isn't nearly as painful as long as everyone on the team always unfailingly follows this list of 178 rules on what not to do.
I know what I want for Christmas! I am not an artist but like to doodle. I have an Intuos4 but being tethered to my computer and confined to a graphics editing program is a lot of overhead for me (not an artist) when I want to get something digital done. I can see this being able to freely create web site mockups and wireframes, rough logo work, annotations, etc. I think this will fit into my workflow. I like the promise of being able to utilize this without having to be near my computer.
The Free World Charter: Let's make everything free
Jam it. The birds are not (currently) autonomous. A jammer is lightweight, reusable, non-lethal to civilians and simple technology.
Alaska is pretty darn far away, so much so that I'd expect that with conventional distribution systems you'd be losing over 90% of the energy.
The demographics of people who spend the most on iTunes don't match the teenagers who were trading free files. Jobs persuaded record labels to offer their songs for sale to people who always pay for content (ie re-buying millions of Beatles tracks when they finally arrived on iTunes last year).