skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
are we to consider them a continuation of the Roman civilization?

Yes, because being Roman had nothing to do with ethnicity. Even people from Italy were not Romans at first. The Latins people allies of Romans(socii) fought wars to be recognized as fully Romans and only after winning some battles they got it.

In Jesus time only 10% of the population had Roman citizenship, like St Paul, but after some centuries everyone had it.

Something similar happened in the US, black people were certainly not fully Americans or even people at first, they were slaves, let alone native Americans, devoid of any right.

The survivors that were not exterminated(like native Americans) fought for their rights and eventually they got it, after having lots of their houses burned,their women raped and their men murdered. They were sent to World wars in the worst conditions at the most risky positions.

Rome was a way of living, way beyond ethnicity. You only understand it when you travel to places without this heritage, like China or Afghanistan.

When I traveled to China I was surprised to live in a place with no rule of law for example. The Rule is whatever the CCP leaders want today. I took so many things from the West for granted.
Yes, people who believe that consciousness is an emergent property of sufficiently complicated systems would say that a sufficiently complicated computer experiences qualia and is conscious.
Sorry, that was bad writing on my part. I meant that this was the distinction. In Byzantine history, transitions between one sovereign to another always consisted of a new sovereign seizing the control of the Roman state.

In the example of Charlemagne or the Turks or whatever, it's a non-roman state that replaces (or in their eyes, becomes) the roman one, rather than just a non-roman sovereign.
If you’re in the Apple ecosystem an M1 Air.

If you’re not, a framework laptop.
But China is a country that is different. I can imagine they take some accidents for granted when they can be the number one in the world. Because that will be good for the whole country.
Sure, but then if something bad happens to their personal side such as a corporate remote wipe, well, they reap what they sow.
The difference: nothing really. It's just that society appears to be able to hold on for a while with dysfunctional banks, while if no one wants to work again because money flows in through credit cards anyway, it seems to me things would go awry pretty damn quickly.

If you want to truly change the housing market, require that the owner of the house lives in that house full time as well. Under this scheme families can own one house, and companies cannot own houses at all. There wouldn't be any rent-seeking at all.

As for private colleges, they are not a necessity, so let them do as they please. Just, maybe, print mandatory yearly statistics about how their graduates are actually doing - that's enough information to tell people whether it's worth enrolling or not.
I can't find a reason to deny that
That's not the part being taken issue with, this is:

> What Winston Plywood is doing defies almost everything we have been told about wages in Mississippi — that raising the minimum wage would cripple profits, throw company pay structures into chaos, create inflation and ultimately wreck the economy.

The minimum wage of that debate is a government legislated minimum wage, obviously.

They took a story of interest and lied about it to mislead people to put a favorable spin on a political issue. I.e., modern journalism.
My unemployment benefits when covid hit (In Illinois) were absolutely better than the 20$ an hour some of these companies were offering. Yes, it was much lower than my software industry salary, but I did make the state maximum in benefits. For me it was a lot lower than my salary, but if the state maximum for some people was just under what they made, I can absolutely see people favoring unemployment benefits over working a crappy job.

There is an idea of morality in living on unemployment when you're otherwise capable of working a job, but during lockdowns, a changing society, etc., can you really blame anyone for choosing the easy option? Some people call it lazy, but I think it's more that many people in society are starting to see the old way just sucks for them. Living in lockdown has forced many to reevaluate what's important to them, and flipping burgers to pay bills isn't high up there.
Download the audio from the YouTube video at the top of the page - it has a sample in it
This comment under the article gives an example: https://lwn.net/Articles/872961/. Several other comments there also discuss this problem.

Unless an extension explicitly releases the GIL it's not possible for the state of the interpreter to change during execution of its methods. That's an invariant that extensions rely on implicitly for safety in many ways and it's hard to imagine how one could make them safe without significant work on all of those extensions. I, for one, own extensions that would require complex, structural, performance-affecting changes.

And it's worth noting that "safety" here is not just safety from incorrect behaviour, it's safety from memory corruption, crashes and security issues.

Edit: Also, just to note - there is nowhere extension authors can add a global lock that would solve this problem. It would require top-level python programs to add the necessary locking, and the consequences of them not doing so would typically include crashes and severe security issues. The only place it's "trivial" to add a global lock to avoid these problems is the interpreter. A Global Interpreter Lock, if you will.

But, of course, if you think the GIL can be removed in such a way that these issues aren't a real problem, have at it. Plenty of people will thank you.

Edit 2: Also worth explicitly mentioning: when it comes to avoiding memory corruption, extension authors can't make any assumptions about what their python callers will do. I (and any responsible extension author) go to significant lengths to ensure my extensions can't crash regardless of how they're used from python.

One of my extensions, for example, is a (private, in-house) interop mechanism that allows python users to access an API developed in C#. If the GIL is removed and somebody goes and writes a bit of threaded python code that modifies the contents of some object while my extension is accessing it, without the necessary locking, and this results in memory corruption, the blame will rightly fall on my extension. Python isn't C, and the people writing it (unless they're using ctypes or whatever) don't expect to be able to cause memory corruption by making elementary programming errors.
I cant say most, thats hard to argue. But definitely many, i found this Turkish book published online that lists out multiple claims of Byzantine influence:

https://emagaza-ttk.ayk.gov.tr/detay/623/some-observations-o...

Im sure one can argue that this might be biased, but the influence is definitely there. Its a quick search online.
It may not reflect reality in any way but I still have this fundamental "worry" or feeling regardless. This machine is still worrying about it.
That's basically it. Money is being drained out of the economy which forces governments to pour some more with debt. Either let those who actually need the money work or stop people from withholding money from the economy.
If you post the url here people can probably play it through VLC though.
How to Safely Think in Systems
Your comments are marked as "dead" and must be vouched for by a member of the community with high enough "karma" (such as myself). It is a Hacker News anti-spam feature that you seem to have become the victim of.
AI/ML research is not "way bigger" than astrophysics lol
Einsum is a generalization of matrix multiplications to "tensor multiplications". It can take as_strided objects as input.

I don't think there exists a cuda-accelerated einsum, so the equivalent matmul is always faster? With cuda, it might be implemented by "exploding" the inputs to matrices, which means it can quickly run out of memory?
I think I read that there won’t be another big jump like there was for Python 2-3. If I understood correctly, there could be a Python 4, but it won’t indicate huge breaking changes, it’ll just be another release
I have read a lot of interwar British political writing. That was the style, unfortunately. I am always amazed how badly most of the leading thinkers of the age - just a hundred years ago - wrote.
I read it two times and didn’t get the point. It seems to me more like a bit of history and state of things article rather than reemergence examples.
Agreed. I built a project on Algolia and while it generally works well I regret it. After about a year of production use they introduced new pricing which basically increased the price ten-fold, but I'm happy for this apparent "average" user that will see a decrease in price (according to the email they sent at the time).

The project is still "grandfathered" into the old pricing but of course that doesn't really help for any new projects, so all the time/knowledge invested into learning Algolia is wasted as I have no intention of ever touching it again (since it is just not economical).

A move to Meilisearch/Typesense is already in the planning phase.
Can't speak for the OP but here's what I think they may have meant and my intuitions agree with them as well.

In python I mostly use threads for non-CPU intensive tasks like IO or timers or event handling and I rarely implement these myself.

However for CPU intensive tasks, there's rarely any point to having 10 threads in Python because they all have to run on one core because of the GIL. Therefore when working with python the GIL indirectly lets me never have to think about writing concurrent CPU intensive code AND I know others wouldn't do it too because it wouldn't make sense most of the time. This is leads to a significant reduction in cognitive load when thinking about solving a problem in Python. And it isn't about thread-safety but that in concurrent code I have to worry how other threads might change the values of shared variables and global variables of which there are many.

Instead the GIL lets me think synchronously, write synchronous code and when I needed to parallelize my work I use multiprocessing where my synchronous code and assumptions work perfectly because each process has its own GIL and I explicitly pass shared variables to each of the processes.

I don't know enough to comment on the good or the bad of GIL. Just my two cents about how I think about code with Python
in it's current state.
Global state isn't a problem for multithreaded code. State updates are the problem; it doesn't matter whether it's global or local.

If you can solve the local case, you can solve the global case. Pick your technique; any ol' technique is just as good as any other.
This is a propaganda piece trying to distract people from the real causes, which are about not investing in adequate capacity and not hiring enough people.

Encouraging the workers to fight between each others or against poorer people is an age old distraction tactic in a crisis.
This goes on a very exciting journey. But, the leak has a notable property that should cause you to reach for a particular tool quite early just in case. The leak is enormous. The program's leak is much larger than the program itself and is in fact triggering the OOM killer. So my first thought (on Linux) would be to reach for my:

https://github.com/tialaramex/leakdice
(or there's a Rust rewrite https://github.com/tialaramex/leakdice-rust because I was learning Rust)

leakdice is not a clever, sophisticated tool like valgrind, or eBPF programming, but that's fine because this isn't a subtle problem - it's very blatant - and running leakdice takes seconds so if it wasn't helpful you've lost very little time.

Here's what leakdice does: It picks a random heap page of a running process, which you suspect is leaking, and it displays that page as ASCII + hex.

That's all, and that might seem completely useless, unless you either read Raymond Chen's "The Old New Thing" or you paid attention in statistics class.

Because your program is leaking so badly the vast majority of heap pages (leakdice counts any pages which are writable and anonymous) are leaked. Any random heap page, therefore, is probably leaked. Now, if that page is full of zero bytes you don't learn very much, it's just leaking blank pages, hard to diagnose. But most often you're leaking (as was happening here) something with structure, and very often sort of engineer assigned investigating a leak can look at a 4kbyte page of structure and go "Oh, I know what that is" from staring at the output in hex + ASCII.

This isn't a silver bullet, but it's very easy and you can try it in like an hour (not days, or a week) including writing up something like "Alas the leaked pages are empty" which isn't a solution but certainly clarifies future results.
Graph Algorithms Library (A Good Alternative to Boost Graph Library)
Side effects also vary with the active substance used, release mode, and other factors. Like with depression, ADHD treatment also starts with a process of matching the right meds to the person. So if the first prescription has bad side effects, tell your doctor and get them to prescribe an alternative. There's easily a dozen options to go through before giving up on meds entirely.
Yeah, I figure this shouldn't be too difficult to implement, but will be at least laborious to consistently keep up-to-date and stable.
That's actually what I'm doing a lot of the time. Or even just bash: for i in {1..threadcount}; do pypy my.py $i/$threadcount & done;
Which companies? Only one I know of is Waymo.
Become a ninja at Linux gaming: a mega-guide for Wine
A boring "me too" from me too!
Companies are imaginary assets.
The port would never be built. This is because all things violate some rule and that is on purpose. That way we can choose to enforce the rule or permit an exception.

Longshoremen and stevedores unions would kill off an automated port in no time. You’d find that it needed more environmental review or something.
The custom keto diet info
Does the keto diet plan really works, will it help you to lose weight?
Yes it's amazing.
And for long complex commands, being able to just press v to drop into a proper vim to edit the command is very useful.
TaskGroup in asyncio has been promised at least as far back as Python 3.8 [1]. They're still not in the draft "What's new in python 3.11" [2] and searching the web didn't return any official statements. I believe they're planned but don't believe they'll arrive any time soon.

If you want to use structured concurrency now, IMO the best bet is to use Trio directly. Reading posts by the author makes it clear that every detail of the library had been extremely scrutinised, not just the API (e.g. see this long post on ctrl-C handling [3], or any number of long technical discussions on the issue tracker), so I think it's a better choice in any case.

[1] https://twitter.com/1st1/status/1041855365745455104

[2] https://docs.python.org/3.11/whatsnew/3.11.html

[3] https://vorpus.org/blog/control-c-handling-in-python-and-tri...
I did some research and you're right they didn't buy a license. According to Lewitt himself, Everyone is allowed create a drawing following the instructions. But they did not a buy a certificate of ownership either. They did buy a certificate of authenticity. This is the certificate in question

https://images.ctfassets.net/662nae7q8cm6/38DaHNDnz0epPreBMr...

That's a signed statement, from the artist, stating that the drawing in question was created in accordance with the instructions.

Does such a certificate have value of its own? It depends on whether somebody is willing to pay for a certificate stating that a particular drawing (which may no longer exist) was created according to the instructions. So, maybe yes, maybe no. I don't know why you think this is important though.

Does a certificate of authenticity make sense in the case of a digital image? No, because we can verify the authenticity ourselves by calculating the MD5 sum of the copy and comparing it to the MD5 sum of the original. We don't need to pay a trusted third party to do that for us, we can do it ourselves for free.
- decent design; no gamer laptops, blinking led monstrosities, etc. for me.

- decent performance; I'm an engineer. I actually lose time when things run slowly. Lots of time. Kills my flow and I bill a premium rate.

- decent screen. I look at this thing for the better part of a day. Also, I dabble with photography once in a while and occasionally some frontend stuff. So, HDPI/250 dpi or better.

- Decent ssd storage. I'm done with spinning disks. Not a thing in my life in the last decade.

- A keyboard and trackpad that are genuinely good. I use laptops as laptops and I hate having to plug in external peripherals for input.

- Linux compatible & hassle free.
I can see the next paper being extracting jammed audio signals using deep learning.
API right in the database … nice to have an easy way to just make it a rest server

And then forms, and then reports. Hail the return of FoxPro!
These benchmarks also don't reflect how good are the backends for different CPU architectures in GCC and LLVM.

For instance, GCC is by far the dominant compiler on GNU/Linux on x86, while LLVM has a almost total monopoly of AArch64 (think about Android NDK + iOS + macOS). I think it would be quite natural for the GCC AArch64 backend to get less focus compared to its x86 counterpart. It's a complicated landscape that is always full of gotchas, and that's why I don't like these kinds of benchmarks a lot.
Modular. Because it implies repairable. User replaceable battery. Does not have to be ultra thin or paperweight.

Convergence. This extends modularity, increasing flexibility at the cost of size/weight. Enough USB-A/USB-C ports (Don't need a SIM, these work with MiFi or USB.)

Magnetic charger. Though USB-C can be made like that the magnets are relatively weak.

Trackpad (Apple Magic Trackpad 2 quality, good luck with that) or trackpoint.

Ryzen with Radeon GPU, alternatively Intel GPU or something like M1.

120 Hz OLED, at least 1440p.

That implies some decent specs, I need at least 16 GB RAM, and a SSD (both user replaceable).

Maybe in 2027... I got my hope on next gen Framework.
Developing Databricks’ CI Solution (Replacing Jenkins)
A 100 MHz Pin-Compatible 6502 Replacement
It’s just motors and belts. You can’t stop them from being directly controlled.
For those who may not be aware, the "upcoming" RTS3 mentioned in the article is Age of Mythology from 2002.
No they can’t, it would have to be disabled or enabled globally at the process and/or interpreter level.
Lawmakers want to strip legal protections from the Facebook News Feed
My employers have made AD-account for me. For explicitly use for work. I don't see no reason why Apple shouldn't have similar work account by default inside their own systems. Not having one seems like failure of corporate processes.
That sounds nice, but I think that there are significant factors that separate the work of programmers from pure thought. Some constraints that I can think of:

- Physical reality: A computer has a maximum amount of memory, a machine instruction takes a minimum amount of time to complete, etc. These physical realities were quite harsh in the 1960s, when the development of the IBM System/360 (which Brooks described in his book) took place: "The slowest System/360 model announced in 1964, the Model 30, could perform up to 34,500 instructions per second, with memory from 8 to 64 KB. High performance models came later. The 1967 IBM System/360 Model 91 could execute up to 16.6 million instructions per second. The larger 360 models could have up to 8 MB of main memory, though that much main memory was unusual..."[1]

- Mathematical reality: A polynomial-time algorithm's run time may be too slow to be practical; the fact that it's more elegant than the alternative n log n algorithm is irrelevant if it's unusable. Also, floating point numbers stored in a fixed number of bits behave differently from abstract mathematical variables in significant ways.

- Economic reality: If the software is too expensive to develop, or it takes so long that your competitors get to market first, your project may get cancelled before anyone can ever run your code.

That sounds a lot like engineering to me, not at all like writing poetry - a poet can easily write a poem in which immortal beings travel between galaxies faster than the speed of light.

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_System/360
.NET Runtime Security Mitigations
While lockstep is useful for some games, it was never really a good choice for fighting games due to the fast and timing sensitive nature. Rollback is an improvement over it that adds speculative execution for remote inputs, this is what should be the standard, although Japanese developers have only recently gotten on board with it.
RISC-V: The Next Revolution in the Open Hardware Movement
How does Nix approach managing dot files and other application specific files? When I restore from backup, getting the right packages, flatpaks, services running is only a matter of a simple ansible playbook. Biggest annoyance comes from getting all the apps to feel/act the same as they did before. I've resolved this by having known good rc and other files in an Ansible repo and restoring that way. This works very well, but would be keen in knowing if there are better approaches.
This is good stuff. But learn-as-you-work has always been the most successful method for me. Someone gives me a task to do, I research the available libraries, services and solutions, I come up with a plan and then I just start building it. By the time the work is done and documented I've learned a lot. No other method of inserting knowledge into my brain seems to work well because I lose interest and get distracted. Learning facts about AWS services "in isolation" is like taking a disassembled clock and trying to learn how it works by counting teeth on the cog wheels.
Those are direct quotes from the Wizzard himself.

You're the one saying "its easy to read between the lines". I'd agree. Saying "don't hit a woman because they bruise easily" may have been acceptable behaviour 40 years ago, it's not now.

You can read between the lines and believe it's because of New Zealand (one of the most liberal countries on the planet) trying to attract Saudi immigrants all you want, but if there's anything deeper than the council statement, it seems far more likely it's a grumpy old man stuck in his ways who refuses to change and thus is no longer wanted
The unified Roman empire effectively fell during the Crisis of the Third Century. It was too large to be ruled from a single capital. The capital would always be too far to respond effectively to threats at distant borders, or from disloyal generals ruling over distant provinces.

Diocletian eventually managed to stabilize the empire, but it was almost always split into 2-4 parts afterwards. The western capital was moved from Rome to Mediolanum, while Diocletian chose Nicomedia in the east as his capital. Rome was never a capital again, and eastern parts of the empire tended to be more important than western parts, because they were wealthier and more densely populated.
There is a try to resurrect the Interlisp (https://interlisp.org/), but it is just for preserving the old Gem.

Anyway, it is a true tragedy that Genera and Interlisp do not have any modern open successor that would coin and improve the great legacy like Smalltalk has in the form of Pharo.
High: Göran Kropp's Cycling and Climbing Odyssey to the Top of Everest
13-14".

My favourite laptop design of all time has been my macbook pro 2011. I never feel like it needs to be bigger, the keyboard feels natural and typing is easy, and it is portable.

I will be getting a Framework laptop soon, which has very similar proportions.